5.8 KiB
| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| List of geophysicists | 3/4 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_geophysicists | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T08:10:07.775175+00:00 | kb-cron |
Gordon J. F. MacDonald (American, 1929–2002) – investigated rotation of the Earth and true polar wander James B. Macelwane (American, 1883–1956) – seismologist; awarded William Bowie Medal Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan (French, 1678 –1771) – shape of the Earth and aurora Robert Mallet (Irish, 1810–1881) – developed controlled source seismology; coined terms seismology and epicenter Syukuro Manabe (Japanese, 1931– ) – climate models; awarded William Bowie Medal Pierre de Maricourt (Petrus Peregrinus) (French, fl. 1269) – first extant treatise on properties of magnets; detailed study of the compass Edme Mariotte (French, 1620–1684) – one of the pioneers of modern hydrology; used floats to measure river flow Drummond Matthews (British, 1931–1997) – used ocean magnetic anomalies to confirm theory of seafloor spreading Motonori Matuyama (Japanese, 1884–1958) – first to show that a geomagnetic reversal had occurred in the past Dan McKenzie (British, 1942– ) – mathematical framework for plate tectonics; mantle convection; sedimentary basin formation; Crafoord Prize Harry Mayne (American, 1913–1990) – exploration geophysicist, invented CRP stacking for noise reduction; Maurice Ewing Medal (SEG) Marcia McNutt (American, 1952– ) – elastic strength of lithosphere; identified the South Pacific superswell Felix Andries Vening Meinesz (Dutch, 1887–1966) – developed a precise gravimeter and discovered gravity anomalies above the ocean floor Oscar Edward Meinzer (American, 1876–1948) – groundwater hydrology; awarded William Bowie Medal Henry William Menard (American, 1920–1986) – plate tectonics; awarded William Bowie Medal Giuseppe Mercalli (Italian, 1850–1914) – developed Mercalli intensity scale for measuring earthquakes John Milne (British, 1849–1913) – invented the horizontal pendulum seismograph Andrija Mohorovičić (Croatian, 1857–1936) – identified Mohorovičić discontinuity; W. Jason Morgan (American, 1935–2023) – geodynamics, plate tectonics Jean Morlet (French, 1931–2007) – developed the wavelet transform for exploration geophysics Lawrence Morley (Canadian, 1920–2013)) – used ocean magnetic anomalies to confirm theory of seafloor spreading Ahsan Mubarak (Pakistani, ?) – seismic detection of nuclear tests Walter Munk (American, 1917–2019) – rotation of the Earth; acoustic tomography of the oceans; Crafoord Prize, Vetlesen Prize, Kyoto Prize
== N == Louis Néel (French, 1904–2000) – developed theory to explain the stable magnetization in volcanic rocks; Nobel Prize in physics Marcia Neugebauer (American, 1932– ) – space physicist and president of the American Geophysical Union Marcel Nicolet (Belgian, 1912–1996) – ionosphere; awarded William Bowie Medal Robert Norman (English, circa 1550–1600) – re-discovery of magnetic dip Amos Nur (American, 1938–2024) – exploration geophysics; rock physics; Maurice Ewing Medal (SEG)
== O == Abel Idowu Olayinka (Nigerian, 1958– ) – applied geophysicist Richard Dixon Oldham (British, 1858–1936) – seismologist, first clear evidence for separate arrivals of P-waves, S-waves and surface waves on seismograms; first clear evidence for Earth's core
== P ==
Luigi Palmieri (Italian, 1807–1896) – seismic studies of Mount Vesuvius Eugene Parker (American, 1927–2022) – solar wind and magnetospheres of the Earth and Sun; awarded Kyoto Prize, National Medal of Science, William Bowie Medal Antares Parvulescu (American, 1923–1998) – inventor of the first time-reversal experiment, and matched equivalent-space signal (MESS) processing. Blaise Pascal (French, 1623–1662) – demonstrated that atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude Chaim Leib Pekeris (American, 1908–1993) – mathematical methods to study free vibrations of Earth, tides, and origin of Earth's magnetic field; Vetlesen Prize William Richard Peltier (Canadian, 1943– ) – geophysical fluid dynamics, glacial rebound, climate change, Vetlesen Prize Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt (French, 13th century) – wrote the first extant treatise describing the properties of magnets and the earliest detailed discussion of freely pivoting compass needles Pierre Perrault (1608–1680) – developed the concept of the hydrological cycle Alexis Perrey (French, 1807–1882) – seismologist Walter C. Pitman, III (American, 1931–2019) – seafloor spreading and tectonics George W. Platzman (American, 1920–2008) – geophysical fluid dynamics, numerical weather prediction John Henry Pratt (British, 1809–1871) – laid foundation for principle of isostasy Frank Press (American, 1924–2020) – design of a long-period seismograph, and the first detection of the Earth's normal modes of oscillation; Maurice Ewing Medal (SEG) Albert Thomas Price (British, 1903–1978) – geomagnetism and global electromagnetic induction
== R == Harry Fielding Reid (American, 1859–1944) – elastic-rebound theory and other contributions to seismology Roger Revelle (American, 1909–1991) – global warming and plate tectonics; awarded William Bowie Medal Charles Francis Richter (American, 1900–1985) – creation of Richter magnitude scale Ted Ringwood (Australian, 1930–1993) – mineral physics; awarded William Bowie Medal and Wollaston Medal Enders Robinson (American, 1928– ) – exploration geophysicist; co-inventor of digital seismic signal processing; Maurice Ewing Medal (SEG) Ignacio Rodriguez-Iturbe (Venezuelan, 1942– ) – global warming; awarded William Bowie Medal Keith Runcorn (British, 1922–1995) – paleomagnetic work supporting continental drift; apparent polar wander
== S ==