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+---
+title: "Arbor Day"
+chunk: 1/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor_Day"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:19.510722+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Arbor Day is a secular day of observance in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees. Today, many countries observe such a holiday. Though usually observed in the spring, the date varies, depending on climate and suitable planting season.
+
+== Origins and history ==
+
+=== First Arbor Day ===
+The Spanish village of Mondoñedo held the first documented arbor plantation festival in the world organized by its mayor in 1594. The place remains as Alameda de los Remedios and it is still planted with lime and horse-chestnut trees. A humble granite marker and a bronze plate recall the event. Additionally, the small Spanish village of Villanueva de la Sierra held the first modern Arbor Day, an initiative launched in 1805 by the local priest with the enthusiastic support of the entire population.
+
+While Napoleon was ravaging Europe with his ambition in this village in the Sierra de Gata lived a priest, don Juan Abern Samtrés, which, according to the chronicles, "convinced of the importance of trees for health, hygiene, decoration, nature, environment and customs, decides to plant trees and give a festive air. The festival began on Carnival Tuesday with the ringing of two bells of the church, and the Middle and the Big. After the Mass, and even coated with church ornaments, don Juan, accompanied by clergies, teachers and a large number of neighbours, planted the first tree, a poplar, in the place known as Valley of the Ejido. Tree plantations continued by Arroyada and Fuente de la Mora. Afterwards, there was a feast, and did not miss the dance. The party and plantations lasted three days. He drafted a manifesto in defence of the trees that was sent to surrounding towns to spread the love and respect for nature, and also he advised to make tree plantations in their localities.
+
+=== First American Arbor Day ===
+
+The first American Arbor Day was originated by J. Sterling Morton of Nebraska City, Nebraska, at an annual meeting of the Nebraska State board of agriculture held in Lincoln. On April 10, 1872, an estimated one million trees were planted in Nebraska.
+In 1883, the American Forestry Association made Birdsey Northrop of Connecticut the chairman of the committee to campaign for Arbor Day nationwide; Northrop further globalized the idea when he visited Japan in 1895 and delivered his Arbor Day and Village Improvement message. He also brought his enthusiasm for Arbor Day to Australia, Canada, and other countries in Europe.
+
+=== McCreight and Theodore Roosevelt ===
+Beginning in 1906, Pennsylvania conservationist Major Israel McCreight of DuBois, Pennsylvania, argued that President Theodore Roosevelt's conservation speeches were limited to businessmen in the lumber industry and recommended a campaign of youth education and a national policy on conservation education. McCreight urged Roosevelt to make a public statement to school children about trees and the destruction of American forests. Conservationist Gifford Pinchot, Chief of the United States Forest Service, embraced McCreight's recommendations and asked the President to speak to the public school children of the United States about conservation. On April 15, 1907, Roosevelt issued an "Arbor Day Proclamation to the School Children of the United States" about the importance of trees and that forestry deserves to be taught in U.S. schools. Pinchot wrote McCreight, "we shall all be indebted to you for having made the suggestion."
+
+== Observance by country ==
+
+=== Algeria ===
+Algeria celebrates Arbor Day on October 25. They teach children about trees and host tree planting events. In 2025, they launched a campaign to plant one million trees.
+
+=== Australia ===
+Arbor Day has been observed in Australia since the first event took place in Adelaide, South Australia on the 20th June 1889. Planet Ark's National Schools Tree Day is held on the last Friday of July for schools and National Tree Day the last Sunday in July throughout Australia. Many states have Arbour Day, although Victoria has an Arbour Week, which was suggested by Premier Rupert (Dick) Hamer in the 1980s.
+
+=== Belgium ===
+International Day of Tree Planting is celebrated in Flanders on or around 21 March as a theme-day/educational-day/observance, not as a public holiday. Tree planting is sometimes combined with awareness campaigns of the fight against cancer under the name Kom Op Tegen Kanker.
+
+=== Brazil ===
+The Arbor Day (Dia da Árvore) is celebrated on September 21. It is not a national holiday. However, schools nationwide celebrate this day with environment-related activities, namely tree planting.
+
+=== British Virgin Islands ===
+Arbour Day is celebrated on November 22. It is sponsored by the National Parks Trust of the Virgin Islands. They have celebrated the holiday since the 1950s. Activities include an annual national Arbour Day Poetry Competition and tree planting ceremonies throughout the territory.
+
+=== Cambodia ===
+Cambodia celebrates Arbor Day on July 9 with a tree planting ceremony attended by the king.
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+---
+title: "Arbor Day"
+chunk: 2/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor_Day"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:19.510722+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+=== Canada ===
+The day was founded by Sir George William Ross, later the premier of Ontario, when he was minister of education in Ontario (1883–1899). According to the Ontario Teachers' Manuals "History of Education" (1915), Ross established both Arbour Day and Empire Day—"the former to give the school children an interest in making and keeping the school grounds attractive, and the latter to inspire the children with a spirit of patriotism" (p. 222). This predates the claimed founding of the day by Don Clark of Schomberg, Ontario for his wife Margret Clark in 1906. In Canada, National Forest Week is the last full week of September, and National Tree Day (Maple Leaf Day) falls on the Wednesday of that week. Ontario celebrates Arbour Week from the last Friday in April to the first Sunday in May. Prince Edward Island celebrates Arbour Day on the third Friday in May during Arbour Week. Arbour Day is the longest running civic greening project in Calgary and is celebrated on the first Thursday in May. On this day, each grade 1 student in Calgary's schools receives a tree seedling to be taken home to be planted on private property.
+
+=== Central African Republic ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on July 22.
+
+=== Chile ===
+"Dia del Arbol" was celebrated on June 28, 2022, as defined by Chile's Environment Ministry
+
+=== Greater China ===
+
+==== Republic of China (Taiwan) ====
+Arbor Day (植樹節) was founded by the forester Ling Daoyang in 1915 and has been a traditional holiday in the Republic of China since 1916. The Beiyang government's Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce first commemorated Arbor Day in 1915 at the suggestion of forester Ling Daoyang. In 1916, the government announced that all provinces of the Republic of China would celebrate the on the same day as the Qingming Festival, April 5, despite the differences in climate across China, which is on the first day of the fifth solar term of the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar. From 1929, by decree of the Nationalist government, Arbor Day was changed to March 12, to commemorate the death of Sun Yat-sen, who had been a major advocate of afforestation in his life. Following the retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan in 1949, the celebration of Arbor Day on March 12 was retained.
+
+==== People's Republic of China ====
+In People's Republic of China, during the fourth session of the Fifth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China in 1979 adopted the Resolution on the Unfolding of a Nationwide Voluntary Tree-planting Campaign. This resolution established the Arbor Day (植树节), also March 12, and stipulated that every able-bodied citizen between the ages of 11 and 60 should plant three to five trees per year or do the equivalent amount of work in seedling, cultivation, tree tending, or other services. Supporting documentation instructs all units to report population statistics to the local afforestation committees for workload allocation. Many couples choose to marry the day before the annual celebration, and they plant the tree to mark beginning of their life together and the new life of the tree.
+
+=== Republic of Congo ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on November 6.
+
+=== Costa Rica ===
+"Día del Árbol" is on June 15.
+
+=== Colombia ===
+"Día de los Árboles" (Day of Trees) is on April 29. 
+
+=== Cuba ===
+"Dia del Árbol" (Day of the Tree) was first observed on October 10, 1904, and today is officially observed on June 21 of each year.
+
+=== Czechia ===
+Arbor Day in the Czech Republic is celebrated on October 20.
+
+=== Egypt ===
+Arbor Day is on January 15.
+
+=== Germany ===
+Arbor Day ("Tag des Baumes") is on April 25. Its first celebration was in 1952.
+
+=== India ===
+Van Mahotsav is an annual pan-Indian tree-planting festival, during a week in July. During this event, millions of trees are planted. It was initiated in 1950 by K. M. Munshi, the then Union Minister for Agriculture and Food, to create an enthusiasm in the mind of the populace for the conservation of forests and planting of trees.
+The name Van Mahotsava (the festival of trees) originated in July 1947 after a successful tree-planting drive was undertaken in Delhi, in which national leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr Rajendra Prasad and Abul Kalam Azad participated. Paryawaran Sachetak Samiti, a leading environmental organization conducts mass events and activities on this special day celebration each year. The week was simultaneously celebrated in a number of states in the country.
+
+=== Iran ===
+
+In Iran, it is known as "National Tree Planting Day". By the Solar Hijri calendar, it is on the fifteenth day of the month Esfand, which usually corresponds with March 5. This day is the first day of the "Natural Recyclable Resources Week" (March 5 to 12).
+This is the time when the saplings of the all kinds in terms of different climates of different parts of Iran are shared among the people. They are also taught how to plant trees.
+
+=== Israel ===
+
+The Jewish holiday Tu Bishvat, the new year for trees, is on the 15th day of the month of Shvat, which usually falls in January or February. Originally based on the date used to calculate the age of fruit trees for tithing as mandated in Leviticus 19:23–25, the holiday now is most often observed by planting trees or raising money to plant trees, and by eating dried fruits, specifically Raisins, figs,   dates and nuts. Tu Bishvat is a semi-official holiday in Israel; schools are open but Hebrew-speaking schools often go on tree-planting excursions.
+
+=== Italy ===
+Italy's national Arbor Day is held on November 21.
+
+=== Japan ===
+Japan celebrates a similarly themed Greenery Day, held on May 4.
+
+=== Kenya ===
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor_Day-2.md
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+---
+title: "Arbor Day"
+chunk: 3/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor_Day"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:19.510722+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Historically, Kenya celebrated National Tree Planting Day on April 21. Often, people plant palm trees and coconut trees along the Indian Ocean that borders the east coast of Kenya. They plant trees to remember Prof. Wangari Maathai, who won a Nobel Peace Prize for planting of trees and caring for them all over Kenya.
+With the Kenyan government launching a campaign to plant 15 billion trees by 2032, they launched National Tree Growing Day with very aggressive targets for the number of trees to be planted. The first national public holiday was November 13, 2023. The second was May 10, 2024, with a goal to plant one billion trees in a single day.
+
+=== Korea ===
+
+North Korea marks "Tree Planting Day" on March 2, when people across the country plant trees. This day is considered to combine traditional Asian cultural values with the country's dominant Communist ideology.
+In South Korea, April 5, Singmogil or Sikmogil (식목일), the Arbor Day, was a public holiday until 2005. Even though Singmogil is no longer an official holiday, the day is still celebrated, with the South Korean public continuing to take part in tree-planting activities.
+
+=== Lesotho ===
+National Tree Planting Day is usually on March 21 depending on the lunar cycle.
+
+=== Luxembourg ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on the second Saturday in November.
+
+=== Malawi ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on the 2nd Monday of December.
+
+=== Mexico ===
+
+The Día del Árbol was established in Mexico in 1959 with President Adolfo López Mateos issuing a decree that it should be observed on the 2nd Thursday of July.
+
+=== Mongolia ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on the 2nd Saturday of May and October. The first National Tree Planting Day was celebrated May 8, 2010.
+
+=== Namibia ===
+Namibia's first Arbor Day was celebrated on October 8, 2004. It takes place annually on the second Friday of October.
+
+=== Netherlands ===
+Since conference and of the Food and Agriculture Organization's publication World Festival of Trees, and a resolution of the United Nations in 1954: "The Conference, recognising the need of arousing mass consciousness of the aesthetic, physical and economic value of trees, recommends a World Festival of Trees to be celebrated annually in each member country on a date suited to local conditions"; it has been adopted by the Netherlands. In 1957, the National Committee Day of Planting Trees/Foundation of National Festival of Trees (Nationale Boomplantdag/Nationale Boomfeestdag) was created.
+On the third Wednesday in March each year (near the spring equinox), three-quarters of Dutch schoolchildren aged 10/11 and Dutch celebrities plant trees. Stichting Nationale Boomfeestdag organizes all the activities in the Netherlands for this day. Some municipalities, however, plant the trees around 21 September because of the planting season.
+In 2007, the 50th anniversary was celebrated with special golden jubilee activities.
+
+=== New Zealand ===
+New Zealand's first Arbor Day planting was on 3 July 1890 at Greytown, in the Wairarapa, The first official celebration was scheduled to take place in Wellington in August 1892, with the planting of pohutukawa and Norfolk pines along Thorndon Esplanade. It was instigated by William Nation.
+Prominent New Zealand botanist Dr Leonard Cockayne worked extensively on native plants throughout New Zealand and wrote many notable botanical texts. As early as the 1920s, he held a vision for school students of New Zealand to be involved in planting native trees and plants in their school grounds. This vision bore fruit and schools in New Zealand have long planted native trees on Arbor Day.
+Since 1977, New Zealand has celebrated Arbor Day on 5 June, which is also World Environment Day. Prior to then, Arbor Day was celebrated on 4 August, which is rather late in the year for tree planting in New Zealand, hence the date change.
+Many of the Department of Conservation's Arbor Day activities focus on ecological restoration projects using native plants to restore habitats that have been damaged or destroyed by humans or invasive pests and weeds. There are great restoration projects underway around New Zealand and many organisations including community groups, landowners, conservation organisations, iwi, volunteers, schools, local businesses, nurseries and councils are involved in them. These projects are part of a vision to protect and restore the indigenous biodiversity.
+
+=== Niger ===
+Since 1975, Niger has celebrated Arbor Day as part of its Independence Day: 3 August. On this day, aiding the fight against desertification, each Nigerien plants a tree. 
+
+=== North Macedonia ===
+Having in mind the bad condition of the forest fund, and in particular the catastrophic wildfires which occurred in the summer of 2007, a citizens' initiative for afforestation was started in North Macedonia. The campaign by the name 'Tree Day-Plant Your Future' was first organized on 12 March 2008, when an official non-working day was declared and more than 150,000 Macedonians planted 2 million trees in one day (symbolically, one for each citizen). Six million more were planted in November the same year, and another 12,5 million trees in 2009. This has been established as a tradition and takes place every year.
+
+=== Pakistan ===
+National tree plantation day of Pakistan (قومی شجر کاری دن) is celebrated on 18 August.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor_Day-3.md
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+---
+title: "Arbor Day"
+chunk: 4/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbor_Day"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:19.510722+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+=== Philippines ===
+Since 1947, Arbor Day in the Philippines has been institutionalized to be observed throughout the nation by planting trees and ornamental plants and other forms of relevant activities. Its practice was instituted through Proclamation No. 30.  It was subsequently revised by Proclamation No. 41, issued in the same year. In 1955, the commemoration was extended from a day to a week and moved to the last full week of July. Over two decades later, its commemoration was moved to the second week of June. In 2003, the commemorations were reduced from a week to a day and was moved to June 25 per Proclamation No. 396. The same proclamation directed "the active participation of all government agencies, including government-owned and controlled corporations, private sector, schools, civil society groups and the citizenry in tree planting activity". It was subsequently revised by Proclamation 643 in the succeeding year.
+In 2012, Republic Act 10176 was passed, which revived tree planting events "as [a] yearly event for local government units" and mandated the planting of at least one tree per year for able-bodied Filipino citizens aged 12 years old and above. Since 2012, many local arbor day celebrations have been commemorated, as in the cases of Natividad and Tayug in Pangasinan and Santa Rita in Pampanga.
+
+=== Poland ===
+In Poland, Arbor Day has been celebrated since 2002. Each October 10, many Polish people plant trees as well as participate in events organized by ecological foundations. Moreover, Polish Forest Inspectorates and schools give special lectures and lead ecological awareness campaigns.
+
+=== Portugal ===
+Arbor Day is celebrated on March 21. It is not a national holiday but instead schools nationwide celebrate this day with environment-related activities, namely tree planting.
+
+=== Russia ===
+All-Russian day of forest plantation was celebrated for the first time on 14 May 2011. Now it is held in April–May (it depends on the weather in different regions).
+
+=== Samoa ===
+Arbor Day in Samoa is celebrated on the first Friday in November.
+
+=== Saudi Arabia ===
+Arbor Day in Saudi Arabia is celebrated on April 29.
+
+=== Singapore ===
+In 1971 a 'Tree Planting Day' was established which in 1990 was replaced by 'Clean and Green Week'.
+
+=== South Africa ===
+Arbor Day was celebrated from 1945 until 2000 in South Africa. After that, the national government extended it to National Arbor Week, which lasts annually from 1–7 September. Two trees, one common and one rare, are highlighted to increase public awareness of indigenous trees, while various "greening" activities are undertaken by schools, businesses and other organizations. For example, the social enterprise Greenpop, which focusses on sustainable urban greening, forest restoration and environmental awareness in Sub-Saharan Africa, leverages Arbor Day each year to call for tree planting action. During Arbor Month 2019, responding to recent studies that underscore the importance of tree restoration, they launched their new goal of planting 500,000 by 2025.
+
+=== Spain ===
+
+In 1896 Mariano Belmás Estrada promoted the first "Festival of Trees" in Madrid.
+In Spain there was an International Forest Day on 21 March, but a decree in 1915 also brought in an Arbor Day throughout Spain. Each municipality or collective decides the date for its Arbor Day, usually between February and May. In Villanueva de la Sierra (Extremadura), where the first Arbor Day in the world was held in 1805, it is celebrated, as on that occasion, on Tuesday Carnaval. It is a great day in the local festive calendar.
+As an example of commitment to nature, the small town of Pescueza, with only 180 inhabitants, organizes every spring a large plantation of holm oaks, which is called the "Festivalino", promoted by city council, several foundations, and citizen participation.
+
+=== Sri Lanka ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on November 15.
+
+=== Tanzania ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on April 1.
+
+=== Turkey ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on November 11.
+
+=== Uganda ===
+National Tree Planting Day is on March 24.
+
+=== United Kingdom ===
+First mounted in 1975, National Tree Week is a celebration of the start of the winter tree planting season, usually at the end of November. Around a million trees are planted each year by schools, community organizations and local authorities.
+On 6 February 2020, Myerscough College in Lancashire, England, supported by the Arbor Day Foundation, celebrated the UK's first Arbor Day.
+
+=== United States ===
+
+Arbor Day was founded in 1872 by J. Sterling Morton in Nebraska City, Nebraska. By the 1920s, each state in the United States had passed public laws that stipulated a certain day to be Arbor Day or Arbor and Bird Day observance.
+National Arbor Day is celebrated every year on the last Friday in April; it is a civic holiday in Nebraska. Other states have selected their own dates for Arbor Day.
+The customary observance is to plant a tree. On the first Arbor Day, April 10, 1872, an estimated one million trees were planted.
+
+=== Venezuela ===
+Venezuela recognizes Día del Arbol (Day of the Tree) on the last Sunday of May.
+
+== See also ==
+
+== References ==
+
+== External links ==
+
+International Arbor Days
+Arbor Day lesson plans for the classroom
+National Arbor Day Foundation
+State Arbor Days and state trees
+
+ Arbor Day Leaves – A Complete Programme For Arbor Day Observance, Including Readings, Recitations, Music, and General Information at Project Gutenberg
+History of Arbor Day
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumnavigation_world_record_progression-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumnavigation_world_record_progression-0.md
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+---
+title: "Circumnavigation world record progression"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumnavigation_world_record_progression"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:49.499151+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+This is a list of the fastest circumnavigation, made by a person or team, excluding orbits of Earth from spacecraft.
+
+
+== List ==
+
+
+== Other categories ==
+
+
+== See also ==
+
+List of circumnavigations
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+title: "Conurbation"
+chunk: 1/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:58.190531+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+A conurbation is a region consisting of a number of metropolises, cities, large towns, and other urban areas which, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban or industrially developed area. In most cases, a conurbation is a polycentric urbanised area in which transportation has developed to link areas. They create a single urban labour market or travel to work area.
+Conurbations often emerged in coal-mining regions during the period of the Industrial Revolution.
+Patrick Geddes coined the term in his book Cities in Evolution (1915). He drew attention to the ability of the new technology at the time of electric power and motorised transport to allow cities to spread and agglomerate together, and gave as examples "Midlandton" in England, the Ruhr in Germany, Randstad in the Netherlands, and the Northeastern Seaboard in the United States.
+For census purposes, the term as described is used in Britain, whereas in the United States a related concept of metropolitan area is used instead. Each polycentric "metropolitan area" may have its own common designation such as San Francisco Bay Area or the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. Internationally the term "urban agglomeration" is often used to convey a similar meaning to "conurbation".
+A conurbation is different from a megalopolis in that the urban areas of a megalopolis are close but not physically contiguous, and labor markets have not yet merged. The region structure should also be contrasted with a megacity, as a megacity is hierarchical with a dominant urban core, whereas a conurbation is polycentric and no single urban centre has the dominant role over all other centres.
+
+== Africa ==
+
+=== Congo-Democratic Republic of Congo ===
+The capital cities of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Brazzaville in the Republic of the Congo form a conurbation.
+
+=== Morocco ===
+In Rabat-Salé-Kénitra administrative region, the capital city of Rabat and the city of Salé, both located at the mouth of the river Bou Regreg, form a conurbation.
+
+=== Nigeria ===
+Lagos is a conurbation formed through the merged development of the initial Lagos city area with other cities and towns including Ikeja and Ojo. Also various suburban communities such as Agege, Alimosho, Ifako-Ijaiye, Kosofe, Mushin, Oshodi, and Shomolu are included in the area.
+
+=== South Africa ===
+Johannesburg, Ekurhuleni (East Rand), and Tshwane (greater Pretoria) merged to form a region that has a population of 14.6 million.
+
+== Asia ==
+
+=== Bangladesh ===
+
+The city of Dhaka is linked with Narayanganj and Gazipur; there are no gaps between Dhaka and the two cities. This conurbation which consists of the areas of the city of Dhaka and its surrounding cities and towns is collectively knowns as the Greater Dhaka City. The city of Dhaka is the core city of the conurbation and has a population of about 10 million. The satellite cities of the conurbation include Narayanganj, Gazipur, Tongi, Fatullah, Keraniganj, Tarabo, and Kaliganj.
+
+=== China ===
+There are 3 well-known conurbations in China.
+
+The Yangtze River Delta consisting of Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Ningbo houses 150 million people and in 2016 it generated $2.76 trillion, 20 percent of China's national GDP. It is responsible for one-third of China's imports and exports.
+The Jingjinji, consisting of Tianjin, Beijing, Tangshan, and Qinhuangdao houses an estimated 130 million people and is responsible for a GDP of $1.1 trillion.
+The Pearl River Delta including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Hong Kong, and Macau houses 60 million people and is responsible for a GDP of $1.5 trillion, 9% of China's national GDP.
+
+=== Indonesia ===
+Greater Jakarta or Jabodetabek comprises the largest urban area in Indonesia and the second-largest in the world with a population of around 30 million. The center and national capital, Jakarta, has a population of 10.3 million within its borders.
+The second-most populated city in Indonesia, Surabaya, also forms a conurbation known as Gerbangkertosusila with a metropolitan population of about 10 million compared to the city proper of 3 million. Conurbations are also present around Bandung and Medan.
+
+=== India ===
+The Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) consists of Mumbai and its satellite towns. Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of seven municipal corporations and fifteen smaller municipal councils. The region has an area of 4,355 km2 and with a population of 20.5 million, and is among the top ten most populated urban agglomerations in the world. It is linked together through the Mumbai Suburban Railway system and a large network of roads.
+The National Capital Region (NCR) is a name for the coordinated planning region which encompasses the entire National Capital Territory of Delhi as well as several surrounding districts in the neighbouring states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan. However, the conurbation of Delhi is actually limited to the NCT of Delhi and the neighbouring contiguous urban areas comprising Gurgaon, Faridabad, Noida, Greater Noida and Ghaziabad. The area is officially known as the Central National Capital Region (CNCR), a small part of overall NCR. The population of this conurbation was estimated 21.7 million in 2011. It is the world's third most populous urban agglomeration.
+The Amaravati Metropolitan Region (AMR) of Andhra Pradesh is a conurbation of three cities, namely Vijayawada, Eluru and Guntur and 11 other towns which include Mangalagiri, Tadepalle, Tenali, Ponnuru, Chilakaluripeta, Narasaraopeta, Sattenapally, Nandigama, Jaggayyapeta, Nuzividu, Gudivada and Vuyyuru. The new capital city of the state, Amaravati, is being developed between the cities of Vijayawada and Guntur at the center of the conurbation. The region holds a total population of 58 lakhs.
+The Jamshedpur Metropolitan Area has Greater Jamshedpur and it contains the area and city of Adityapur, Maango, and Jugsalai.
+
+== Europe ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation-1.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation-1.md
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+---
+title: "Conurbation"
+chunk: 2/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:58.190531+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+=== Germany ===
+The Ruhr region (Ruhrgebiet) is a major conurbation located in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It consists of several large cities of similar size — including Dortmund, Essen, Duisburg, Bochum, Gelsenkirchen, and Oberhausen — that have gradually grown together to form a continuous urban area. With no single dominant core city, the Ruhr represents a classical polycentric conurbation. It developed as a major coal and steel industrial center during the 19th and 20th centuries, and remains one of the most densely urbanized regions in Europe.
+The Ruhr covers an area of approximately 4,438 km2 (1,714 sq mi) and has a population of around 5.1 million people as of 2023. Unlike the broader Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region, which includes both conurbations and monocentric metropolitan areas such as Cologne, the Ruhr region itself is specifically characterized by its polycentric, conurbation structure.
+
+=== United Kingdom ===
+
+Industrial and housing growth in the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries produced many conurbations. Greater London is by far the largest urban area and is usually counted as a conurbation in statistical terms, but differs from the others in the degree to which it is focused on a single central area. In the mid-1950s the Green Belt was introduced to stem the further urbanisation of the countryside in South East England.
+Different organisations define conurbations in the UK differently for example, the Liverpool–Manchester or the Manchester–Liverpool conurbation is defined as one conurbation by AESOP in a comparison report published by the University of Manchester in 2005 found here. The Liverpool–Manchester Conurbation has a population of 5.68 million.
+
+=== The Netherlands ===
+The Randstad ("Rim City" or "Edge City") is a roughly crescent- or arc-shaped conurbation in the Netherlands, that includes almost half the country's population. With a central-western location, it connects and comprises the Netherlands' four biggest cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht), their suburbs, and many towns in between, that all grew and merged into each other. Among other things, it includes the Port of Rotterdam (the world's busiest seaport outside Asia), the Port of Amsterdam (Europe's fourth-busiest seaport), and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. With a population of approximately 8.4 million people it is one of the largest metropolitan regions in Europe, comparable in population size to the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region or the San Francisco Bay Area, and covers an area of approximately 11,372 km2 (4,391 sq mi). The Randstad had a gross regional domestic product of €510 billion in 2022, making it the second most productive region in the European Union, only behind the Paris metropolitan area. It encompasses both the Amsterdam metropolitan area and Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area.
+
+== North America ==
+
+=== Canada ===
+
+==== Golden Horseshoe (Ontario) ====
+The Golden Horseshoe is a densely populated and industrialized region centred on the west end of Lake Ontario in Southern Ontario, Canada. The largest cities in the region are Toronto, Mississauga, Brampton, Hamilton, Oakville, Burlington, St. Catharines, and Niagara Falls. If metropolitan areas (which are somewhat distinct from the core urban area of the Golden Horseshoe by about 30 to 50 km of less developed and semi-rural land) are included (similar to Combined Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States as defined by United States Office of Management and Budget), the total population is 8.8 million people. This is slightly over a quarter (25.6%) of the population of Canada, approximately 75% of Ontario's population, and one of the largest metropolitan areas in North America.
+The larger area is named the Greater Golden Horseshoe and includes the metropolitan areas of Kitchener (including adjacent cities it is often referred to as Waterloo Region), Barrie, Guelph, Peterborough, and Brantford. The Greater Golden Horseshoe is also part of the Windsor-Quebec Corridor and its southeastern boundary is across the Niagara River from the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area in the United States.
+
+==== Greater Montreal (Quebec) ====
+Greater Montreal is Canada's second-largest conurbation. Statistics Canada defines the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) as having 4,258.31 square kilometres (1,644.14 mi2) and a population of 3,824,221 as of 2011, which represents almost half of the population of the province of Quebec. Slightly smaller, there are 82 municipalities grouped under the Montreal Metropolitan Community to coordinate issues such as land planning, transportation, and economic development.
+
+==== Lower Mainland (British Columbia) ====
+
+British Columbia's Lower Mainland is the most populated area in Western Canada. It consists of many mid-sized contiguous urban areas, including Vancouver, North Vancouver (city and district municipality), West Vancouver, Burnaby, New Westminster, Richmond, Surrey, and Coquitlam, among others. The Lower Mainland population is around 2.5 million (as of 2011) and the area has one of the highest growth rates on the continent of up to 9.2 percent from the 2006 census.
+
+==== Ottawa-Gatineau / National Capital Region ====
+The National Capital Region (NCR) is made up of the capital, Ottawa, and neighbouring Gatineau which is located across the Ottawa River. As Ottawa is in Ontario and Gatineau is in Quebec, it is a unique conurbation. Federal government buildings are located in both cities and many workers live in one city and work in the other. The National Capital Region consists of an area of 5,319 square kilometres that straddles the boundary between the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The area of the National Capital Region is very similar to that of the Ottawa-Gatineau Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) although the National Capital Region contains a number of small neighbouring communities that are not contained within the CMA. When all the communities are included, the population of the area is about 1,500,000. Ottawa-Gatineau is the only CMA in the nation to fall within two provinces and is the fourth largest.
+
+=== Mexico ===
+
+==== Mexico City (CDMX) ====
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation-2.md
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+---
+title: "Conurbation"
+chunk: 3/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:58.190531+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The "CDMX" is the most densely populated center in North America. Greater Mexico City refers to the conurbation around Mexico City, officially called Valley of Mexico Metropolitan Area (Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México or ZMVM), constituted by Mexico City itself composed of 16 Municipalities—and 41 adjacent municipalities of the states of Mexico and Hidalgo. However, for normative purposes, Greater Mexico City most commonly refers to the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico, an agglomeration that incorporates 18 additional municipalities. As of 2019 an estimated 27,782,000 people lived in Greater Mexico City, making it the largest metropolitan area in North America. It is surrounded by thin strips of highlands which separate it from other adjacent metropolitan areas, of which the biggest are Puebla, Toluca, and Cuernavaca-Cuautla. Together those areas make up the Mexico City megalopolis.
+
+==== Guadalajara Metropolitan Area (Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara) ====
+The Guadalajara conurbation in the state of Jalisco (colloquially known as the City of Guadalajara, as that is the state capital and most populous of the cities) consists of seven municipalities: Guadalajara, Zapopan, Tlaquepaque, Tonalá, El Salto, Zapotlanejo, and Tlajomulco de Zúñiga. Officially two other cities (Juanacatlán and Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos) are also considered part of the Metropolitan Area, although they are not contiguous with the other seven. The area had an estimated population of 4 500 000 in 2010, spread over a combined area of 2,734 square kilometres (1,056 mi2).
+
+=== United States ===
+
+==== Puerto Rico ====
+
+The Caribbean area has a conurbation in Puerto Rico consisting of San Juan, Bayamón, Guaynabo, Carolina, Canóvanas, Trujillo Alto, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Cataño, and Caguas. The area is colloquially known as the "Área Metropolitana", and houses around 1.4 million inhabitants spread over an area of approximately 396.61 square kilometers (153.13 sq mi), making it the largest city in the Caribbean by area.
+
+==== New York Tri-state area ====
+One example of a conurbation is the expansive concept of the New York metropolitan area (the Tri-state region) centered on New York City, including 30 counties spread among New York State, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania, with an estimated population of 21,961,994 in 2007. Approximately one-fifteenth of all U.S. residents live in the Greater New York City area, the world's most brightly illuminated urban conurbation and largest urban landmass. This conurbation is the result of several central cities whose urban areas have merged.
+
+==== San Francisco Bay Area ====
+Another conurbation is the combination of the metropolitan areas of San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose, and several minor urban centers with a combined population of nearly 8 million people, known as the San Francisco Bay Area.
+
+==== Greater Los Angeles Area ====
+
+The Greater Los Angeles Area consists of the merging of several distinct central cities and counties including Los Angeles, Orange County, Riverside, San Bernardino, and Ventura. The area is also often referred to simply as southern California or colloquially as SoCal (a larger region which includes San Diego).  In 2016, Southern California had a population of 23,800,500, making it slightly larger than the New York Tri-State Area, and is projected to remain so due to a faster growth rate. But because southern California is not yet a recognized Combined Statistical Area by the United States Office of Management and Budget, the New York Tri-State Area officially remains the nation's largest as of now.
+
+==== San Diego–Tijuana ====
+The largest conurbation between the United States and Mexico is San Diego–Tijuana. It includes the two countries' busiest border crossing and a shared economy.
+
+==== Dallas–Fort Worth ====
+Three large cities—Dallas, Fort Worth, and Arlington—make up this area. Each city is linked by bordering city limits or suburbs. The area is also known as the Dallas–Fort Worth "metroplex", so called because it has more than one principal anchor city of nearly equal size or importance, and is included in the emerging megalopolis known as the Texas Triangle. According to Texas Monthly, the term is a portmanteau of the terms "metropolitan" and "complex" and was created by a local advertising agency, TracyLocke. The North Texas Commission trademarked the term "Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex" in 1972 as a replacement for the previously ubiquitous term "North Texas". Urban areas with smaller secondary anchor cities (including Mexico City, New York City, Los Angeles, Houston, Chicago, and Phoenix) are not considered to be conurbations.
+
+==== Detroit–Windsor ====
+The major U.S. city of Detroit lies immediately across the Detroit River from Windsor, Ontario in Canada.  In many respects—economically, historically, culturally, socially, and geographically—Windsor is more a part of Metro Detroit than of Ontario. The two cities and their surrounding suburbs are commonly referred to collectively as the Detroit–Windsor area.  The Detroit-Windsor border is the largest commercial border crossing in North America and the busiest between the two countries.
+
+==== South Florida ====
+
+The entire tri-county area also known as the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach metropolitan area is now continuously urbanized along a roughly 100 miles (161 km) length of the Florida east coast as well as extending inland and continuing south of Miami as far as Florida City. Although this is generally all referred to as a single metropolitan area, not a conurbation, it is sometimes broken up into the Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach metros.
+
+==== Minneapolis–St. Paul ====
+Minneapolis–Saint Paul is the most populous urban area in the state of Minnesota, and is composed of 182 cities and townships built around the Mississippi, Minnesota, and St. Croix rivers. The area is also nicknamed the Twin Cities for its two largest cities, Minneapolis, with the highest population and Saint Paul, the state capital.
+
+==== Quad Cities ====
+The Quad Cities is a metropolitan area located along the border of Illinois and Iowa. Straddling the Mississippi River as it flows west, the area once known as the "Tri Cities" consists of a handful of larger cities and smaller municipalities that have grown together. The largest cities include Rock Island, Moline, and East Moline in Illinois as well as Davenport and Bettendorf in Iowa.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation-3.md
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+---
+title: "Conurbation"
+chunk: 4/4
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conurbation"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:58.190531+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+==== Stamford-Hartford ====
+Hartford is the capital city of Connecticut and fourth largest by population. Together, with Waterbury, New Haven, Bridgeport, and Stamford, these five cities form a conurbation, as people continue moving into the suburbs of these cities from rural areas, and the Boston and New York City metropolitan areas. Majority of Connecticut's growth in the last decade was centered in and around these five cities. Combined, the population exceeds 1 million.
+
+==== Northwest Arkansas ====
+Northwest Arkansas is a metropolitan area in the Ozarks containing four of the ten largest cities in Arkansas - Fayetteville, Springdale, Rogers, and Bentonville. These four cities and smaller municipalities between and around them have grown together over time to form a conurbation with no dominant city.
+
+==== Research Triangle ====
+Raleigh is the capital city of North Carolina and second largest by population. Nearby cities Durham and Chapel Hill form a triangle shape along with Raleigh. These cities each contain major research universities that, along with the Research Triangle Park, bind these cities together to form one continuous urban area.
+
+== Oceania ==
+
+=== Australia ===
+
+==== Albury-Wodonga ====
+Albury and Wodonga are cross border cities which are geographically separated by the Murray River. Albury on the north of the river is part of New South Wales, while Wodonga on the south bank is in Victoria. In the early 1970s Albury-Wodonga was selected as the primary focus of the Whitlam government's scheme to arrest the uncontrolled growth of Australia's large metropolitan areas (in particular Sydney and Melbourne) by encouraging decentralisation. The two cities combine to form an urban area with an estimated population of 93,603.
+
+==== Canberra-Queanbeyan ====
+A cross border built-up area comprising the nation's capital Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory and the city of Queanbeyan in New South Wales, which is considered by the Australian Bureau of Statistics to have a single labour market.
+
+==== Newcastle, Sydney,  and Wollongong ====
+
+This conurbation in New South Wales extends from Newcastle and surrounding satellite towns of the Hunter Valley through the Central Coast. It is broken up only by waterways and national parks, through to the greater Sydney metropolitan area and the Wollongong urban area. The total length from the top to the bottom of the conurbation is around 270 km with a population of just over 6 million people.
+Transport is linked throughout the region by motorways, the M1, M2, M4, M5, M7, M8, M15 and M31. An extensive public transport network allows for commuting for work or services across and between multiple distinct but joined centres, with NSW TrainLink's intercity network serving Sydney, the Central Coast, Newcastle, the Hunter Valley and the Illawarra.
+Plans for making Wollongong, Sydney and Newcastle a single city have been around since the 1960s. A report titled The Committee for Sydney contains a chapter called The Sandstone Mega-Region, Uniting Newcastle, the Central Coast, Sydney, Wollongong (since all of the cities are in a geological region called the Sydney Basin, which is made up of Sydney sandstone). The report says that the link would benefit the "six cities" within the region, which are: Illawarra and Wollongong, the Western City (Greater Western Sydney), the Central City (Parramatta), the Eastern City (Sydney central business district, eastern suburbs, and Northern Sydney), the Central Coast (Gosford) and Newcastle (including Lake Macquarie).
+
+==== Greater Perth ====
+The Perth Metropolitan Region, and Peel regions form a continuous urban area in Western Australia more than 130 km (80 miles) long, on a north–south axis. It is sometimes known as Greater Perth and has a population of more than 2.3 million (2023). Introduction of the Mandurah railway line in 2007 made it possible for commuters to travel the 70 km (43.5 mi) from Mandurah to Perth in 51 minutes.
+
+==== South East Queensland ====
+A built-up area 200 kilometres long which is centred on Brisbane, includes the local government areas (LGAs) of Gold Coast, Ipswich, Logan City, Moreton Bay, Redland City, Sunshine Coast, Noosa Shire, and Tweed Heads, New South Wales. This area is served by a single public transport network, Translink.
+Broader definitions of South East Queensland are also used, including the separate built-up area of Toowoomba (140 kilometres; 87 miles west of Brisbane), which is not part of the Translink network. Expansive definitions of South East Queensland give it a population of more than 3.4 million people (2014), covers 22,420 square kilometres (8,660 sq mi), incorporates ten LGAs, and extends 240 kilometres (150 mi) from Noosa in the north to the Gold Coast (some sources include Tweed Heads).
+
+==== Greater Darwin ====
+The Greater Darwin metropolitan area is a built-up urban area in the Northern Territory that spans across two cities: Darwin (the capital of the Northern Territory) and Palmerston (Darwin's satellite city). It lies within three local government areas: the City of Darwin, Litchfield Municipality and the City of Palmerston.
+
+=== New Zealand ===
+In 2010 Auckland became a unitary authority encompassing seven former city and district councils including Auckland City, Manukau City, North Shore City and Waitakere City as well as a number of smaller towns, rural area and the islands of the Hauraki Gulf. Auckland Council is the largest council in Australasia and the region has a population of 1,529,300, being almost 33% of the total population of New Zealand. The entire urban area rather than the constituent administrative city was often referred to as "Auckland" by New Zealanders long before formal recognition.
+The Wellington Metropolitan Area compromises the four cities of Wellington City, Porirua and the cities of Lower Hutt and Upper Hutt, together known as Hutt Valley. The Wellington Metropolitan Area is the second largest urban population in New Zealand with a population of 440,900 as of the 2023 census (or 550,500 if the Wairarapa region is included), followed by Christchurch City at 396,200.
+
+== South America ==
+Article in Spanish Wikipedia: List of Conurbations in South America
+
+=== Argentina ===
+
+Greater Buenos Aires (12.046.799) – Greater La Plata (694.253) – Zárate / Campana
+
+=== Brazil ===
+The entire Rio–São Paulo area is also sometimes considered a conurbation, and plans are in the works to connect the cities with a high-speed rail. However the government of Brazil does not consider this area a single unit for statistical purposes, and population data may not be reliable.
+
+=== Colombia ===
+
+=== Perú ===
+
+== See also ==
+
+Urban area
+Transborder agglomeration
+Urban sprawl
+Metropolitan area
+Megalopolis
+Ecumenopolis
+Ekistics
+
+== References ==
+
+== Further reading ==
+Patrick Geddes – "Cities In Evolution"
+Edward Soja – "Postmetropolis"
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_cover_by_province_or_territory_in_Canada-0.md
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+---
+title: "Forest cover by province or territory in Canada"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_cover_by_province_or_territory_in_Canada"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:23.242854+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+This is a list of forest cover in Canada by province and territory.
+
+
+== Provinces ==
+British Columbia: ~60% (Ministry of Students)
+Alberta: 58%    (NAIT)
+Saskatchewan: 50%  (SK Environmental Society)
+Manitoba: 48%  (MB Forestry Branch)
+Ontario: 66%   (Ontario Forest Industries Association)
+Quebec: 45%  (McGill University) or  ~50%
+Nova Scotia: ~75%
+Prince Edward Island: 45%  (2000, PEI )
+New Brunswick: ~85%  (Riparian Habitat Restoration)
+Newfoundland and Labrador: ~45% of Newfoundland.  60% of Labrador  (NF Heritage Society)
+
+
+== Territories ==
+Northwest Territories: ~50%
+Nunavut: ~25%
+Yukon: ~55%
+
+
+== See also ==
+Forest cover by state, U.S.
+Forest cover by state in India
+Forest cover by federal subject in Russia
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_cover_by_state_and_territory_in_the_United_States-0.md
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+---
+title: "Forest cover by state and territory in the United States"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_cover_by_state_and_territory_in_the_United_States"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:24.548052+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+In the United States, the forest cover by state and territory is estimated from tree-attributes using the basic statistics reported by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the Forest Service. Tree volumes and weights are not directly measured in the field, but computed from other variables that can be measured.
+This is only the total amount of timberland. Actual forest cover for each state may be significantly higher.
+
+
+== List by state, district, or territory ==
+
+
+=== List by region ===
+
+
+== See also ==
+Forests of the United States
+Forest cover by province or territory in Canada
+Forest cover by federal subject in Russia
+Forest cover by state in India
+
+
+== References ==
+
+
+== Notes ==
+
+
+== Further reading ==
+US Department of Agriculture. US Forest Resource Facts and HIstorical Trends. 2012. 64 p. Archived 2021-04-28 at the Wayback Machine
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_cover_by_state_in_India-0.md
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+---
+title: "Forest cover by state in India"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_cover_by_state_in_India"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:25.873987+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+List of how many forests and percentage of forest cover in India by state.
+
+
+== Tree density ==
+Tree density is the quantification of how closely the trees are growing in a hectare area. It is not the exact number of trees in the forest but, serves as an estimate to the foresters. The tree density of an area should be mentioned by the working Plan officer (WPO) or Divisional Forest Officer (Working Plan) after his field inspection of the lowest possible forest unit or compartment in the CH-4 form of compartment history. The compartment history forms are to be maintained at the Forest range and Forest division offices. The working Plan code-2014 mentions in para 105 that the density should also be mentioned on the stock map prepared by the WPO/DFO in decimal figures. The crown density is similar to the tree density. A forest area with a density of more than 0.4 is considered a good forest area and a forest area with less than 0.4 tree density is considered degraded forest.
+
+
+== Forest cover ==
+Forest cover  is the total geographical area declared as forest by the government. As of 2021, the total forest cover in India is 80.9 million hectares, which is 21.71 per cent of the total geographical area. There is a 1,540 sq.km increase in forest cover over 2019. Madhya Pradesh has the highest forest cover by area followed by Arunachal Pradesh. Mizoram has the highest forest cover in terms of percentage of total geographical area.
+Ministry of the Environment, Forest and Climate Change used the mid-resolution satellite data on LISS-III data from  Indian remote sensing satellite. Minister of environment forest and climate change Bhupendra Yadav released the Indian forest survey report 2021-22 on 13 January 2022.
+As per the report, 17 Indian states have a forest cover of over 33%.
+
+
+== Forest cover over the years ==
+
+
+== 2021 ==
+
+The forest cover in 2021 in India by state and union territory as published by the Forest Survey of India (FSI) is shown in the table below.
+Very Dense= All lands with tree canopy density of 70 percent ( 0.7 tree density) and above.
+Moderately Dense= All lands with tree canopy density of 40 percent and more but less than 70 percent ( 0.4 to 0.7 tree density).
+Open Forest= All lands with tree canopy density of 10 percent and more but less than 40 percent (0.1 to 0.4 tree density).
+(Area in square kilometers)
+
+
+== 2017 ==
+The forest cover in 2017 in India by state and union territory as published by the Forest Survey of India (FSI) is shown in the table below.
+Very Dense= All lands with tree canopy density of 70 percent ( 0.7 tree density) and above.
+Moderately Dense= All lands with tree canopy density of 40 percent and more but less than 70 percent ( 0.4 to 0.7 tree density).
+Open Forest= All lands with tree canopy density of 10 percent and more but less than 40 percent (0.1 to 0.4 tree density).
+Scrub= All forest lands with poor tree growth mainly of small or stunted trees canopy density less than 10 percent (Less than 0.1 tree density).
+(Area in square kilometers)
+
+
+== 2015 ==
+According to Forest Survey of India (FSI), the forest cover by State/UT in India in 2015 is listed below.
+Very Dense= All lands with tree canopy density of 70 percent and above.
+Moderately Dense= All lands with tree canopy density of 40 percent and more but less than 70 percent.
+Open Forest= All lands with tree canopy density of 10 percent and more but less than 40 percent.
+(Area in square kilometers)
+
+
+== See also ==
+List of countries by forest area
+List of forests in India
+Indian Forest Service
+
+
+== References ==
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--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms_(N–Z)-8.md
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--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms_(N–Z)-9.md
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--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_landforms-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_landforms-0.md
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+---
+title: "Glossary of landforms"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_landforms"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:45.935926+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Landforms are categorized by characteristic physical attributes such as their creating process, shape, elevation, slope, orientation, rock exposure, and soil type.
+
+
+== Landforms by process ==
+Landforms organized by the processes that create them.
+
+
+=== Aeolian landforms ===
+Aeolian landform – Landforms produced by action of the winds include:
+
+
+=== Coastal and oceanic landforms ===
+
+Coastal and oceanic landforms include:
+
+
+=== Cryogenic landforms ===
+Landforms produced by or in low-temperatures include: 
+
+
+=== Erosion landforms ===
+Landforms produced by erosion and weathering usually occur in rocky or fluvial environments, and many also appear under those headings.
+
+
+=== Fluvial landforms ===
+
+Fluvial – Natural flowing freshwater streamPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets landforms include:
+
+
+=== Impact landforms ===
+Landforms created by extraterrestrial impacts – Collision of two astronomical objects – include:
+
+
+=== Lacustrine landforms ===
+Lacustrine – associated with lakes – landforms include:
+
+
+=== Mountain and glacial landforms ===
+Mountain and glacial landform – Landform created by the action of glaciers – include:
+
+
+=== Slope landforms ===
+Slope landforms include:
+
+
+=== Tectonic landforms ===
+Landforms created by tectonic activity include:
+
+
+=== Volcanic landforms ===
+Volcanic landforms include:
+
+
+=== Weathering landforms ===
+Weathering landforms include:
+
+
+== Landforms by shape ==
+
+
+=== Positive landforms ===
+
+
+=== Depressions ===
+
+
+=== Flat landforms ===
+
+
+== Landforms, alphabetic ==
+
+
+== Further reading ==
+Hargitai H., Kereszturi Á. (eds): Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms. Springer. https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3
+
+
+== See also ==
+Geomorphology – Scientific study of landforms
+Glossary of geology
+Types of bodies of water
+Volcanic landforms in the Canary Islands – list of examples in the Canary Islands (with photos)
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_affordability_in_anglophone_countries-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_affordability_in_anglophone_countries-0.md
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+---
+title: "Housing affordability in anglophone countries"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_affordability_in_anglophone_countries"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:36.814644+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The 16th Annual Demographia International Housing Affordability Survey: 2020 analyzed affordability in 7 Anglophone countries and Hong Kong. Among this sample, the housing markets with the least affordable real estate prices are Hong Kong, Vancouver, and Sydney. The top three housing markets with the most affordable real estate prices based on major housing markets are Rochester, New York, Cleveland, Ohio, and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. This survey was performed by Demographia, a global analysis firm.
+
+
+== Methodology ==
+The prices are based on data from the third quarter of 2019. The housing markets ranked are located in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, Singapore, United Kingdom, and the United States. The report also includes special coverage on Russia.
+The housing markets are ranked on middle income housing affordability, which uses the "median multiple". This was calculated by taking the median house price divided by the median gross pre-tax household income of the housing market. The median multiple is used widely for analyzing housing markets and is recommended by the World Bank and the United Nations. It has also been used by the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University.
+Demographia uses housing affordability ratings to categorize each housing market's median multiple.
+
+
+== List ==
+The report is split into two rankings, one for major housing markets, and one for all housing markets. The list below shows the rankings from the most unaffordable housing market to the most affordable housing market for the major housing markets. The list contains 92 housing markets.
+
+
+== See also ==
+Real estate
+Affordable housing
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_forestry_articles-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_forestry_articles-0.md
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+---
+title: "Index of forestry articles"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_forestry_articles"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:15.760324+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Articles on forestry topics include:.
+
+
+== A ==
+Afforestation -
+Aldo Leopold -
+Analog forestry -
+Ancient woodland -
+Angle gauge -
+Appalachian balds -
+Arboriculture -
+Arborist -
+Forestry in Argentina -
+Assarting
+
+
+== B ==
+Backpacking (hiking) -
+Forestry in Bangladesh -
+Bernard Fernow -
+Forestry in Bhutan -
+Biltmore Forest School -
+Biltmore stick -
+Biochar -
+Biscuit Fire publication controversy -
+Bog-wood -
+Borderline tree -
+Botany -
+Bottomland hardwood forest -
+British timber trade -
+Buchonia -
+Buffer strip
+
+
+== C ==
+Caliper -
+Canopy research -
+Canopy walkway -
+Carl A. Schenck -
+Cellulosic ethanol -
+Certified wood -
+Forestry in Chad -
+Charcoal -
+Clearcutting -
+Clinometer -
+CODIT -
+Community forestry -
+Conservation biology -
+Coppicing -
+Cork -
+Creosote -
+Cultigen -
+Cultivar -
+Cultblock
+
+
+== D ==
+Deforestation -
+Deforestation during the Roman period -
+Dendrochronology -
+Desertification -
+Diameter tape -
+Drunken trees
+
+
+== E ==
+Ecoforestry -
+Ecological succession -
+Ecological thinning -
+Ecological yield -
+Eloise Gerry -
+Energy forestry -
+Forestry in Ethiopia -
+Exploration Logging -
+Extended rotation forest
+
+
+== F ==
+Faustmann's Formula -
+Firewood -
+Forbidden Forest -
+Forest dwellers -
+Forest fire -
+Forest farming, the ecosystem approach to forest management -
+Forest fragmentation -
+Forest governance -
+Forest history -
+Forest interpretation -
+Forest management -
+Forest policy -
+Forest politics -
+Forest Principles -
+Forest produce -
+Forest protection -
+Forest ranger -
+Forest transition -
+Forester -
+Forestry -
+Forestry agencies -
+Forestry education - 
+Forestry journals
+
+
+== G ==
+Georg Ludwig Hartig -
+Forestry in Ghana -
+Gifford Pinchot -
+Girard form class -
+Girdling -
+Green Chain
+
+
+== H ==
+Hand compass -
+Hardwood timber production -
+Hemispherical photography -
+Hendre-Dru Tramway -
+High forest (woodland) -
+High grading -
+Historic schools of forestry -
+Historical Logging Switchback Railway in Vychylovka -
+History of the New York State College of Forestry -
+Franklin B. Hough -
+Hotshot crew -
+Hydro axe mulching
+
+
+== I ==
+Illegal logging -
+Increment borer -
+Independent Forest Monitoring -
+Forestry in India -
+Interception (water) - 
+International Society of Tropical Foresters -
+International Year of Forests
+
+
+== J ==
+Forestry in Japan -
+Jewish National Fund -
+Joint Forest Management -
+Journals
+
+
+== K ==
+Károly Bund -
+Kerry Tramway -
+Krummholz
+
+
+== L ==
+Forestry in Laos -
+Leaf Area Index -
+Limbing -
+Line plot survey -
+Living stump -
+Log bridge -
+Log bucking -
+Log driver -
+Log scaler -
+Logging -
+Lumber -
+Lumberjack - 
+Lumberjack sports -
+Lumberjack World Championship
+
+
+== M ==
+Management of Pacific Northwest riparian forests -
+Mean annual increment -
+Micropropagation -
+Multiple Use - Sustained Yield Act of 1960
+
+
+== N ==
+Nalini Nadkarni -
+New York State College of Forestry -
+New Zealand Journal of Forestry -
+Non-timber forest product -
+Northwest Forest Plan
+
+
+== O ==
+Old growth forest -
+Optimal rotation age
+
+
+== P ==
+Pacing -
+Paper -
+Patch cut -
+Periodic annual increment -
+Pollarding -
+Pruning -
+Pulp and paper industry -
+Pulp and paper industry in Canada -
+Pulp and paper industry in Europe -
+Pulp and paper industry in Japan -
+Pulp and paper industry in the United States -
+Pulpwood
+
+
+== R ==
+Rainforest -
+Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation -
+Reforestation -
+Relascope -
+Research institutes -
+Restoration ecology -
+Riparian buffer -
+Robert Marshall -
+Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry -
+Natural rubber -
+Rubber tapper
+
+
+== S ==
+Sakari Pinomäki -
+Salvage logging -
+Sawdust -
+Sawmill -
+Scleroderris canker -
+Secondary forest -
+Selection cutting -
+Shelterwood cutting -
+Short rotation coppice -
+Short rotation forestry -
+Shredding (tree pruning technique) -
+Silviculture -
+Site index -
+Site tree -
+Slash-and-char -
+Harry A. Slattery -
+Smokejumper -
+Snag -
+Softwood -
+Stand Density Index -
+Stand density management diagram -
+Stemflow -
+Stephen C. Sillett -
+Stihl Timbersports Series -
+Stump harvesting -
+Stumpage -
+Sustainable forest management -
+Kenneth Dupee Swan
+
+
+== T ==
+Tall oil -
+Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy -
+Tar -
+Technical schools -
+Thinning -
+Throughfall -
+Timber -
+Timber rafting -
+Timberjack -
+Timberlands West Coast Limited -
+Town forest -
+Tree -
+Tree inventory -
+Tree preservation order -
+Tree shelter -
+Tree stump -
+Tree taper -
+Treethanol -
+Treeplanting -
+Turpentine - 
+Types of formally designated forests
+
+
+== U ==
+Forestry in Uganda -
+United Nations Forum on Forests -
+Universities and colleges -
+Urban forest -
+Urban forestry -
+Urban reforestation
+
+
+== V ==
+Variable retention harvesting -
+Veteran tree -
+Volume table
+
+
+== W ==
+Wedge prism -
+Whip (tree) -
+Wildfire -
+Windbreak -
+Windthrow -
+Wood -
+Wood chopping -
+Wood fuel -
+Wood management -
+Wood pellet -
+Wood processing -
+Woodchipping in New Zealand -
+Woodland management -
+Woodlot -
+Woodsman -
+Theodore Salisbury Woolsey, Jr. -
+World forestry -
+World Logging Championship
+
+
+== Z ==
+Raphael Zon
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_geography_articles-0.md
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 category: "reference"
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+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:41.993199+00:00"
 instance: "kb-cron"
 ---

--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_3166_country_codes-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_3166_country_codes-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+title: "List of ISO 3166 country codes"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_3166_country_codes"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:41.910912+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) created and maintains the ISO 3166 standard – Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.  The ISO 3166 standard contains three parts:
+
+ISO 3166-1 – Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. It defines three sets of country codes:
+ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 – two-letter country codes which are also used to create the ISO 3166-2 country subdivision codes and the Internet country code top-level domains.
+ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 – three-letter country codes which may allow a better visual association between the codes and the country names than the 3166-1 alpha-2 codes.
+ISO 3166-1 numeric – three-digit country codes which are identical to those developed and maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division, with the advantage of script (writing system) independence, and hence useful for people or systems using non-Latin scripts.
+ISO 3166-2 – Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 2: Country subdivision code defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces, states, departments, regions) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
+ISO 3166-3 – Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries defines codes for country names which have been deleted from ISO 3166-1 since its first publication in 1974.
+The ISO 3166-1 standard currently comprises 249 countries, 193 of which are sovereign states that are members of the United Nations. Many dependent territories in the ISO 3166-1 standard are also listed as a subdivision of their administering state in the ISO 3166-2 standard, which is the case for China, Finland, France, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Norway (Svalbard and Jan Mayen are listed, but Bouvet Island is not), and the United States of America, but not Australia, Denmark, New Zealand, or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
+
+
+== Current ISO 3166 country codes ==
+The sortable table below contains the three sets of ISO 3166-1 country codes for each of its 249 countries, links to the ISO 3166-2 country subdivision codes, and the Internet country code top-level domains (ccTLD) which are based on the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 standard with the few exceptions noted.  See the ISO 3166-3 standard for former country codes.
+
+For user-assigned codes used by certain organizations, see ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 § User-assigned code elements and ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 § User-assigned code elements.
+
+
+== See also ==
+
+Country code
+Comparison of alphabetic country codes
+Lists of country codes
+Country code top-level domain
+Country code second-level domain
+Lists of countries and territories
+Sovereign state
+List of sovereign states
+List of states with limited recognition
+Dependent territory
+
+
+== Notes ==
+
+
+== References ==
+
+
+== External links ==
+The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
+ISO 3166 Country Codes
+The ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kuala_settlements-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kuala_settlements-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+title: "List of Kuala settlements"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Kuala_settlements"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:44.670933+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Kuala is used in the name of a number of settlements, districts and geographical features in Malaysia and Indonesia; in the Malay and Indonesian languages it means the mouth of a river, an estuary, or a confluence where two or more rivers meet:
+
+Kuala, town and administrative district of Langkat Regency in northern Sumatra, Indonesia
+Kuala Balah, state constituency in Kelantan, Malaysia
+Kuala Batee, district in Southwest Aceh Regency, Aceh, Indonesia
+Kuala Bekah, town in the far south of Thailand, near the border with Malaysia
+Kuala Belait, the administrative town of Belait District, Brunei
+Kuala Berang, the seat and largest town of Hulu Terengganu District, Terengganu, Malaysia
+Kuala Besut, mukim in Besut District, Terengganu, Malaysia
+Kuala Cenaku, town in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau, Indonesia
+Kuala Dipang, kampong near Kampar in Perak, Malaysia
+Kuala Dungun, the capital of Dungun District, Terengganu, Malaysia
+Kuala Jeneris, small town in Hulu Terengganu District, Terengganu, Malaysia
+Kuala Kangsar, the royal town of Perak, Malaysia
+Kuala Kapuas, the regency seat of Kapuas Regency and a major town in Kalimantan, Indonesia
+Kuala Kedah, mukim and parliamentary constituency in Kota Setar District, Kedah, Malaysia
+Kuala Kencana, district in Mimika Regency, Central Papua, Indonesia
+Kuala Ketil, small town in Baling District, Kedah, Malaysia
+Kuala Klawang, the district capital of Jelebu District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
+Kuala Krai, town in southern-central Kelantan, Malaysia
+Kuala Krau, federal constituency in Temerloh District, Jerantut District and Maran District, Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Kubu Bharu, the district capital of Hulu Selangor District, Selangor, Malaysia
+Kuala Kurau, mukim in Kerian District, Perak, Malaysia
+Kuala Kurun, the regency seat of Gunung Mas Regency and a town in Central Kalimantan
+Kuala Langat, federal constituency in Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia
+Kuala Linggi, state constituency in Malacca, Malaysia
+Kuala Lipis, capital of Lipis District, Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Lumpur, capital city and a federal territory of Malaysia
+Kuala Muda, federal constituency in Kedah, Malaysia
+Kuala Namu International Airport (IATA: KNO, ICAO: WIMM)
+Kuala Nerang, the capital of Padang Terap District, Kedah, Malaysia
+Kuala Nerus, district in Terengganu, Malaysia
+Kuala Pahang, town ward and mukim in Pekan District, Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Pegang, small town in Baling District, Kedah, Malaysia
+Kuala Pembuang, the capital of Seruyan Regency, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
+Kuala Penyu, the capital of the Kuala Penyu District in the Interior Division of Sabah, Malaysia
+Kuala Perlis, suburb of Kangar and the second-largest town in and the main port of Perlis in Malaysia
+Kuala Pilah, town in Kuala Pilah District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
+Kuala Rajang, federal constituency in Sarawak, Malaysia
+Kuala Rompin, the district capital of Rompin District, southeastern Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Sanglang, small coastal village town at the border of the Malaysian states of Perlis and Kedah
+Kuala Sawah, hamlet located in Rantau State Constituency District of Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
+Kuala Sedili, village in Kota Tinggi District, Johor, Malaysia
+Kuala Selangor, town in northwestern Selangor, Malaysia
+Kuala Sentul, state constituency in Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Sepetang, coastal town in Larut, Matang and Selama District in Perak, Malaysia
+Kuala Simpang, small town located in Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Sungai Baru, mukim and town in Alor Gajah District, Malacca, Malaysia
+Kuala Sungai Buloh, small town in Kuala Selangor District, Selangor, Malaysia
+Kuala Tahan, Malaysian village located at the confluence of the Tahan and Tembiling Rivers, in Jerantut District, Pahang
+Kuala Tatau, village in Tatau District, Bintulu Division in the Malaysian state of Sarawak
+Kuala Telemung, mukim in Hulu Terengganu District, Terengganu, Malaysia
+Kuala Tembeling, mukim in Jerantut District, Pahang, Malaysia
+Kuala Terengganu, the administrative, economic and royal city of the state of Terengganu, Malaysia
+
+
+== See also ==
+Kuala Stabas, premium economy class train that serves the Tanjungkarang-Baturaja, Indonesia
+Koala (disambiguation)
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+title: "List of Massachusetts Wildlife Management Areas"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_Wildlife_Management_Areas"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:50.954737+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Massachusetts Wildlife Management Areas are protected areas in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife is tasked with managing Massachusetts fauna and flora. Enforcement is provided by the Massachusetts Department of Public Safety. There are Thirteen wildlife management zones and thirteen wildlife sanctuaries.
+
+
+== Wildlife Management Areas ==
+
+Leadmine Wildlife Management Area
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_New_Mexico_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_New_Mexico_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+---
+title: "List of New Mexico Wildlife Management Areas"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_New_Mexico_Wildlife_Management_Areas"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:52.171617+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+New Mexico Wildlife Management Areas are protected areas in the US state of New Mexico managed by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (NMDGF). The state is divided into four wildlife management zones (WMZ). 
+
+
+== List of New Mexico Wildlife Management Areas ==
+The state is divided into four wildlife management zones (WMZ).
+
+
+=== Northwest Area ===
+Bernardo Wildlife Management Area: 1,675 acres (678 ha).
+Bluebird Mesa Wildlife Management Area: 160 acres (65 ha) purchased in 1953.
+Edward Sargent Wildlife Management Area: 20,209 acres (8,178 ha) purchased in 1975.
+Hammond Tract Wildlife Management Area: 80 acres (32 ha) of excess (surplus) Bureau of Reclamation transferred June 11, 1987.
+Jackson Lake Wildlife Management Area: 840 acres (340 ha) along the La Plata River and includes Jackson Lake.
+La Joya Wildlife Area: 3,405 acres (1,378 ha) purchased in parcels until 1940.
+Marquez/LBar WildlifeManagement Area: estimated 70,000 acres (28,000 ha) with the addition of the 54,000 acres (22,000 ha) of LBar property purchased in 2021 by the Trust for Public Land, with funding from Walmart’s Acres for America program.
+Navajo Dam Wildlife Area (Navajo WMA): 3,785 acres (1,532 ha) surrounding Navajo Lake.
+Pine River Wildlife Management Area: 34.2 acres (13.8 ha).
+Retherford Wildlife Management Area: 72.3 acres (29.3 ha)
+Rio Chama Wildlife Management Area: 13,239 acres (5,358 ha) purchased from 1953.
+Rio Chama Fishing Easement:
+San Juan Fishing Easement
+W.A. Humphries Wildlife Management Area: 10,950 acres (4,430 ha) purchased beginning in 1966.
+Water Canyon Wildlife Management Area: 2,840 acres (1,150 ha).
+
+
+=== Northeast Area ===
+Charette Lakes Wildlife Management Area: 1,901 acres (769 ha).
+Colin Neblett Wildlife Area: 33,116 acres (13,402 ha).
+Elliott Barker Wildlife Management Area: 5,416 acres (2,192 ha).
+McAllister Lake Wildlife Management Area: 623 acres (252 ha).
+Bert Clancy WMA / Pecos River Complex: 1,967 acres (796 ha) spread out into the Bert Clancy, Mora, Tererro, and Jamie Koch areas along the Pecos River.
+Rio de los Pinos Wildlife Management Area: 848 acres (343 ha) located along the Rio de los Pinos River.
+Tres Piedras Wildlife Management Area: 3,260 acres (1,320 ha) purchased in 1940.
+Urraca Wildlife Management Area: 13,304 acres (5,384 ha) purchased in 1940.
+Wagon Mound Lake Wildlife Management Area: 850 acres (340 ha) including Salt Lake.
+Tucumcari Lake Wildlife Management Area: 702 acres (284 ha).
+Eagle Nest Wildlife Management Area: 999.9 acres (404.6 ha). Located due east of Eagle Nest Lake State Park and Eagle Nest Lake.
+
+
+=== Southwest Area ===
+Bear Canyon Lake Wildlife Management Area: 75 acres (30 ha) purchased in 1949.
+Bill Evans Wildlife Management Area: 300 acres (120 ha) including the 62 acres (25 ha) Bill Evans Lake purchased in 1972.
+Glenwood Allred Wildlife Management Area: 107 acres (43 ha).
+Heart Bar Wildlife Management Area: 797 acres (323 ha) purchased in 1951
+Lake Roberts Wildlife Management Area: 79 acres (32 ha).
+Mimbres River Tract: 23 acres (9.3 ha) purchased in 1985 for habitat protection of the Chihuahua chub.
+Red Rock Wildlife Management Area: 1,530 acres (620 ha) purchased in 1960.
+Socorro-Escondida Wildlife Management Area: 94 acres (38 ha).
+Double E Ranch Wildlife Management Area: 23,000 acres (9,300 ha).
+River Ranch Wildlife Management Area: 1,010 acres (410 ha).
+San Simon Cienega Wildlife Management Area: Approximately 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) in the WMA of the total 47,027 acres (19,031 ha) of habitat in New Mexico and Arizona. Purchased in 1966 as habitat for the Mexican duck (Anas diazi).
+
+
+=== Southeast Area ===
+Sandhills Prairie Conservation Area: 5,285 acres (2,139 ha).
+Prairie Chicken Wildlife Management Areas: 21,621 acres (8,750 ha) purchased in 1940 for habitat of the Lesser prairie chicken.
+W.S. Huey Wildlife Management Area: 2,880 acres (1,170 ha) as habitat loss mitigation as a result of the Brantley Dam.
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_North_Dakota_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_North_Dakota_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+title: "List of North Dakota Wildlife Management Areas"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_North_Dakota_Wildlife_Management_Areas"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:53.377360+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+North Dakota Wildlife Management Areas are protected areas in the US state of North Dakota.
+
+
+== List of WMAs ==
+
+There are 200 Wildlife Management Areas in North Dakota covering around 220,000 acres (89,000 ha) 
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tennessee_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tennessee_Wildlife_Management_Areas-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: "List of Tennessee Wildlife Management Areas"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tennessee_Wildlife_Management_Areas"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:54.511912+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Tennessee Wildlife Management Areas are protected areas in the US state of Tennessee managed by the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Commission. The law enforcement body of the areas is the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. 
+
+
+== List of Wildlife management areas ==
+The state is divided into four regions
+
+
+=== West Tennessee Region 1 ===
+WMAs in Region1: 
+
+
+=== Middle Tennessee Region 2 ===
+WMAs in Region 2:
+
+
+=== Cumberland Plateau Region 3 ===
+WMAs in Region 3:
+
+
+=== East Tennessee - Region 4, Wildlife Management Areas ===
+WMAs in Region 4:
+
+
+== See also ==
+List of Tennessee state parks and natural areas
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tree_Cities_USA-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tree_Cities_USA-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+title: "List of Tree Cities USA"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tree_Cities_USA"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:34.618675+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+There are more than 3,400 Tree Cities USA.
+The following is a partial listing of Tree Cities USA.  To be a Tree City, the community must meet four standards set by the National Arbor Day Foundation and the National Association of State Foresters:
+
+The community must have a tree board or department.
+The community must have established a community ordinance for tree care.
+There must be a community forestry program with an annual budget of at least $2 per capita.
+The community must have an Arbor Day observance and proclamation.
+
+
+== States ==
+
+
+== See also ==
+Tree Cities of the World
+
+
+== References ==
+
+
+== External links ==
+"Tree City USA Directory". The Arbor Day Foundation.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wildlife_Management_Areas_in_Georgia-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wildlife_Management_Areas_in_Georgia-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+title: "List of Wildlife Management Areas in Georgia"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wildlife_Management_Areas_in_Georgia"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:06:55.670583+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The following is a list of Wildlife Management Areas (WMA) in the U.S. state of Georgia.
+
+
+== Wildlife Management Areas ==
+Alapaha River WMA: 6,870 acres (2,780 ha) located southwest of Ocilla in Irwin County.
+Albany Nursery WMA: 300 acres (120 ha) located in Dougherty County.
+Alexander WMA: Established in 1996 the WMA is 1,300 acres (530 ha), with 20 acres (8.1 ha) of dove fields, located near Waynesboro in Burke County.
+Allatoona WMA: 6,818-acre located near White, in Bartow County.
+Alligator Creek WMA: 3,086 acres (1,249 ha) located near the confluence of the Little Ocmulgee River and Alligator Creek, two miles from Lumber City
+Altama Plantation WMA: 3,986 acres (1,613 ha) in Glynn County
+
+
+== References ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-0.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-0.md
@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 1/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+This list of battles is organized geographically and alphabetically, by country in its present territory.
+
+== Afghanistan ==
+
+== Albania ==
+
+== Algeria ==
+
+== Angola ==
+
+== Argentina ==
+
+== Armenia ==
+
+== Australia ==
+
+== Austria ==
+
+== Azerbaijan ==
+
+== Bahamas ==
+
+== Bahrain ==
+
+== Bangladesh ==
+
+== Barbados ==
+
+== Belarus ==
+
+== Belgium ==
+
+== Belize ==
+
+== Benin ==
+
+== Bolivia ==
+
+== Bosnia and Herzegovina ==
+
+== Botswana ==
+
+== Brazil ==
+
+== Bulgaria ==
+
+For Fall of the Western Roman Empire, see List of battles during the fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Siege of Dorostolon - 896
+For Rus'–Byzantine War (970–971), see Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
+Battle of Dristra - 1087 - Byzantine–Pecheneg wars
+Battle of Beroia - 1122 - Byzantine–Pecheneg wars
+For Bulgarian–Ottoman wars, see List of battles during the Bulgarian–Ottoman wars
+Battle of Çamurlu - 1413 - Ottoman Interregnum
+Battle of Zlatitsa – 1443 – Crusade of Varna (Crusades, Ottoman–Hungarian wars, Polish–Ottoman Wars and Serbian-Ottoman wars)
+Battle of Varna – 1444 – Crusade of Varna (Crusades, Ottoman–Hungarian wars, Polish–Ottoman Wars and Serbian-Ottoman wars)
+For World War I, see Bulgaria during World War I
+For World War II, see Bulgaria during World War II
+
+== Cambodia ==
+
+Battle of Kompong Speu – 1970 – Vietnam War
+Operation Chenla I – 1970 – 1971 – Cambodian Civil War (Vietnam War)
+Operation Chenla II – 1971 – Cambodian Civil War (Vietnam War)
+Battle of Snuol – 1971 – Vietnam War
+Battle of Kampot – 1974 Cambodian Civil War (Vietnam War)
+
+== Cameroon ==
+
+== Canada ==
+
+Battle at Bae de Bic - 1534
+Battle at Bouabouscache River - 1534
+Battle at Riviere Trois Pistoles - 1534
+Battle of Port Royal - 1613
+Battle of Fort Albany - 1688 - Nine Years' War
+Battle of Chedabucto - 1690 - King William's War
+Battle of Quebec (1690) - 1690 - King William's War
+Battle of La Prairie - 1691 - King William's War
+Battle of Placentia (1692) - 1692 - King William's War
+Battle of Hudson's Bay - 1697 - King William's War
+Battle of Winnepang - 1722 - Dummer's War
+Battle of Norridgewock - 1724 - Dummer's War
+Raid on Canso - 1744 - King George's War
+Siege of Annapolis Royal (1744) - 1744 - King George's War
+Siege of Louisbourg (1745) - 1745 - War of the Austrian Succession
+Capture of Vigilant - 1745 - King George's War
+Naval battle off Tatamagouche - 1745 - King George's War
+Battle at Port-la-Joye - 1746 - King George's War
+Battle of Grand Pré - 1747 - King George's War
+Raid on Dartmouth (1749) - 1749 - Father Le Loutre's War
+Siege of Grand Pré - 1749 - Father Le Loutre's War
+Battle at St. Croix - 1750 - Father Le Loutre's War
+Battle at Chignecto - 1750 - Father Le Loutre's War
+Raid on Dartmouth (1751) - 1751 - Father Le Loutre's War
+Attack at Mocodome - 1753 - Father Le Loutre's War
+Attack at Jeddore - 1753 - Father Le Loutre's War
+For battles in the Atlantic theater during the French and Indian War, see French and Indian War: Atlantic theater
+Battle of Beauport - 1759 - French and Indian War
+Battle of the Plains of Abraham - 1759 - French and Indian War
+St. Francis raid - 1759 - French and Indian War
+Ile Saint-Jean campaign - 1759 - French and Indian War
+Battle of Sainte-Foy - 1760 - French and Indian War
+Battle of Pointe-aux-Trembles - 1760 - French and Indian War
+Sainte-Thérèse raid - 1760 - French and Indian War
+Battle of Restigouche - 1760 - French and Indian War
+Battle of the Thousand Islands - 1760 - French and Indian War
+Battle of Signal Hill - 1762 - French and Indian War
+Battle of Point Pelee - 1763 - Pontiac's War
+For battles during the Invasion of Quebec (1775), see American Revolutionary War: Canada
+Raid on Saint John - 1775 - American Revolutionary War
+Raid on Charlottetown (1775) - 1775 - American Revolutionary War
+Raid on Yarmouth, Nova Scotia (1775) - 1775 - American Revolutionary War
+Raid on Canso (1776) - 1776 - American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Fort Cumberland (1776) - 1776 - American Revolutionary War
+Battle off Yarmouth (1777) - 1777 - American Revolutionary War
+Capture of USS Hancock - 1777 - American Revolutionary War
+Battle off Liverpool, Nova Scotia (1778) - 1778 - American Revolutionary War
+Battle off Halifax (1780) - 1780 - American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Blomindon - 1781 - American Revolutionary War
+Action of 21 July 1781 - 1781 - American Revolutionary War
+Raid on Annapolis Royal (1781) - 1781 - American Revolutionary War
+Battle off Halifax (1782) - 1782 - American Revolutionary War
+Raid on Chester, Nova Scotia - 1782 - American Revolutionary War
+Raid on Lunenburg, Nova Scotia (1782) - 1782 - American Revolutionary War
+Hudson Bay expedition - 1782 - American Revolutionary War
+Newfoundland expedition - 1796 - War of the First Coalition
+
+== Cape Verde ==
+
+== Chile ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-1.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-1.md
@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 2/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Battle of the Maule – c. between 1471-1493 or 1532– Inca Empire wars of conquest
+Battle of Reynogüelén – 1536
+Battle of Lincoya Fortress - 1563
+Battle of Castro - 1600 - War of the Straits
+Battle of Yerbas Buenas – 1813
+Battle of San Carlos (1813) – 1813
+Siege of Chillán – 1813
+Battle of El Roble – 1813
+Battle of Talca (1814) – 1814
+Battle of El Quilo – 1814
+Battle of Membrillar – 1814
+Battle of Valparaíso – 1814 – War of 1812 (Sixty Years' War)
+Battle of Cancha Rayada (1814) – 1814
+Battle of Quechereguas (1814) – 1814
+Battle of Las Tres Acequias – 1814
+Battle of Rancagua – 1814
+Battle of Chacabuco – 1817
+Battle of Curapalihue – 1817
+Battle of Cancha Rayada (1818) – 1818
+Battle of Maipú – 1818
+Battle of Lircay – 1830 – Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830
+Combat of Monte de Urra – 1851 – 1851 Chilean Revolution
+Battle of Loncomilla – 1851 – 1851 Chilean Revolution
+Battle of Papudo – 1865 – Chincha Islands War
+Battle of Abtao – 1866 – Chincha Islands War
+Battle of Iquique – 1879 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of Punta Gruesa – 1879 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of Angamos – 1879 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of Pisagua – 1879 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of San Francisco – 1879 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of Tarapacá – 1879 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of Arica – 1880 – War of the Pacific
+Battle of Pozo Almonte – 1891 – Chilean Civil War of 1891
+Battle of Concón – 1891 – Chilean Civil War of 1891
+Battle of Placilla – 1891 – Chilean Civil War of 1891
+Battle of Coronel – 1914 – World War I
+
+== China ==
+
+Battle of Yinshan - 630 - Tang campaign against the Eastern Turks
+Tibetan attack on Songzhou - 638 - Early Tang expansion
+Battle of Lake Baikal - 639 - Early Tang expansion
+Tang campaign against Karakhoja - 640 - Emperor Taizong's campaign against the Western Regions
+Battle of Nuozhen River - 641 - Emperor Taizong's campaign against Xueyantuo
+Tang campaigns against Karasahr - 644 - Emperor Taizong's campaign against the Western Regions
+First conflict of the Goguryeo–Tang War - 645 - Goguryeo–Tang War
+Battle of Mount Jupil - 645 - Goguryeo–Tang War
+Battle of Ansi - 645 - Goguryeo–Tang War
+Tang campaign against Kucha - 649 - Emperor Taizong's campaign against the Western Regions
+Battle of Irtysh River - 657 - Tang campaigns against the Western Turks
+Battle of Geumsan - 667 - Goguryeo–Tang War
+Battle of Dafei River - 670
+Battle of Tianmenling - 698
+Battle of Bolchu - 711
+Battle of Aksu (717) - 717 - Muslim conquest of Transoxiana
+Siege of Yongqiu - 756 - An Lushan rebellion
+Siege of Suiyang - 757 - An Lushan rebellion
+Siege of Fengtian - 783
+Battle of Weizhou - 801
+Siege of Gaochang - 803
+Battle of Yanzhou - 819
+Shilong's invasion of Sichuan - 829 - Tang-Nanzhao Conflicts
+Battle of Qingkou - 897
+Battle of Jisu - 909 - Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
+Battle of Langshan Jiang - 919 - Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
+Siege of Shouzhou - 955 - Later Zhou conquest of Huainan
+Battle of Dingchuan Village - 1042 - Song–Xia wars
+Siege of Yongzhou - 1075 - Song–Đại Việt war
+Jingkang incident - 1127 - Jin–Song wars
+Battle of Huangtiandang - 1130 - Jin–Song wars
+Siege of De'an - 1132 - Jin–Song wars
+Battle of Yancheng - 1140 - Jin–Song wars
+Battle of Tangdao - 1161 - Jin–Song wars
+Battle of Caishi - 1161 - Jin–Song wars
+Battle of Yehuling - 1211 - Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
+Battle of Zhongdu - 1215 - Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
+Siege of Kashgar - 1217 - Mongol conquest of the Qara Khitai
+Siege of Yinchuan - 1227 - Mongol conquest of Western Xia
+Battle of Sanfengshan - 1232 - Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
+Siege of Kaifeng (1232) - 1232 - Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
+Siege of Caizhou - 1233 - Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty
+Siege of Diaoyucheng - 1259 - Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty
+Battle of Xiangyang - 1268 - Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty
+Battle of Yamen - 1279 - Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty
+Battle of Lake Poyang - 1363 - Red Turban Rebellions
+Battle of Buir Lake - 1388 - Wars of the Hongwu Emperor
+Battle of Tunmen - 1521 - Ming–European conflicts
+Battle of Sincouwaan - 1522 - Ming–European conflicts
+
+== Colombia ==
+Battle of Punta Quemada – 1525 – Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
+Battle of Cartagena de Indias (1586) – 1586 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
+Raid on Cartagena de Indias (1697) – 1697 – Nine Years' War
+Action of August 1702 – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Wager's Action – 1708 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Capture of the galleon San Joaquin or Battle of Cartagena – 1710 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Cartagena de Indias – 1741 – War of Jenkins' Ear (War of the Austrian Succession)
+Battle of Cúcuta – 1813 – Admirable Campaign (Venezuelan War of Independence)
+Los Andes vs Prueba – 1820 – Chilean War of Independence (Spanish American wars of independence)
+
+== Democratic Republic of the Congo ==
+Siege of Jadotville – 1961
+Second Battle for the Tunnel – 1961
+
+== Costa Rica ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-10.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-10.md
@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 11/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Quentin (1871) - 1871 - Franco-Prussian War
+Battle of Buzenval (1871) - 1871 - Franco-Prussian War
+Battle of Mulhouse - 1914 - World War I
+Battle of Lorraine - 1914 - World War I
+Battle of the Trouée de Charmes - 1914 - World War I
+Siege of Maubeuge - 1914 - World War I
+Battle of Le Cateau - 1914 - World War I
+Battle of St. Quentin (1914) - 1914 - World War I
+First Battle of the Marne – 1914 – World War I
+First Battle of the Aisne – 1914 – World War I
+Battle of La Bassée – 1914 – World War I
+First Battle of Champagne – 1914–1915 – World War I
+Battle of Hartmannswillerkopf - 1915 - World War I
+First Battle of Artois – 1915-1915 – World War I
+Battle of Neuve Chapelle – 1915 – World War I
+Second Battle of Artois – 1915 – World War I
+Second Battle of Champagne – 1915 – World War I
+Battle of Loos – 1915 – World War I
+Third Battle of Artois – 1915 – World War I
+Actions of the Hohenzollern Redoubt - 1915 - World War I
+Battle of Verdun – 1916 – World War I
+Battle of Delville Wood – 1916 – World War I
+Battle of the Somme – 1916 – World War I
+Battle of Bazentin Ridge - 1916 - World War I
+Attack at Fromelles - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Pozières - 1916 - World War I
+Fighting for Mouquet Farm - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Guillemont - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Ginchy - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Flers–Courcelette - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Morval - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Thiepval Ridge - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Le Transloy - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of the Ancre - 1916 - World War I
+Battle of Arras – 1917 – World War I
+Battle of Vimy Ridge – 1917 – World War I
+Nivelle offensive - 1917 - World War I
+Second Battle of the Aisne – 1917 – World War I
+Battle of Messines – 1917 – World War I
+Battle of Cambrai – 1917 – World War I
+First Battle of Villers-Bretonneux - 1918 - World War I
+First Battle of Morlancourt - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of the Avre - 1918 - World War I
+Second Battle of Dernancourt - 1918 - World War I
+Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux - 1918 - World War I
+Second Battle of Morlancourt - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Cantigny - 1918 - World War I
+Third Battle of Morlancourt - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Belleau Wood - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Hamel - 1918 - World War I
+Second Battle of the Marne - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Château-Thierry (1918) - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Amiens (1918) - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of the Ailette - 1918 - World War I
+Second Battle of the Somme - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Mont Saint-Quentin - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Havrincourt - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Saint-Mihiel - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Épehy - 1918 - World War I
+Meuse–Argonne offensive - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of St Quentin Canal - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of the Sambre (1918) - 1918 - World War I
+Battle of Sedan (1940) - 1940 - World War II
+Battle of Arras (1940) - 1940 - World War II
+Battle of Dunkirk – 1940 – World War II
+Battle of France – 1940 – World War II
+Dieppe Raid - 1942 - World War II
+D-Day – 1944 – World War II
+Battle for Caen - 1944 - World War II
+Battle of Normandy – 1944 – World War II
+Battle of Villers-Bocage - 1944 - World War II
+Operation Martlet - 1944 - World War II
+Operation Cobra - 1944 - World War II
+Falaise pocket - 1944 - World War II
+Operation Dragoon - 1944 - World War II
+Liberation of Paris - 1944 - World War II
+
+== Gabon ==
+Battle of Gabon – 1940
+
+== Germany ==
+Battle of Arbalo – 11 BC – Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of the Lupia River – 11 BC – Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of the Teutoburg Forest – 9 AD – Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle at Pontes Longi – 15 AD – Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Idistaviso – 16 AD – Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of the Angrivarian Wall – 16 AD – Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle at the Harzhorn – c.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-11.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-11.md
@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 12/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+235 – Crisis of the Third Century and Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Solicinium – 368 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Mainz - 406 - Vandal–Frankish war
+Battle of Tolbiac – 496 – Clovis I's campaigns
+Battle of the Unstrut River (531) – 531
+Battle of Cologne – 716 – Frankish Civil War and Frisian–Frankish wars
+Battle of Epfach - 743
+Battle of Süntel – 782 – Saxon Wars
+Battle of the Hase - 783 - Saxon Wars
+Battle of Lüne and the Elbe - 795 - Saxon Wars
+Battle of Bornhöved (798) – 798 – Saxon Wars
+Battle of Andernach (876) - 876 - Franco-Breton wars
+Battle of Lüneburg Heath - 880
+Battle of Norditi - 884
+Battle of Eisenach (908) – 908 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Lechfeld (910) – 910 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Rednitz – 910 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of the Inn – 913 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Püchen – 919 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Siege of Gana - 929 - Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Lenzen – 929 - Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Riade – 933 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Andernach - 939
+Battle of Lechfeld – 955 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle on the Raxa - 955 - Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Battle of Langensalza (1075) - 1075 - Saxon revolt of 1073–1075
+Battle of Mellrichstadt – 1078 – Great Saxon Revolt
+Battle of Flarchheim – 1080 – Great Saxon Revolt
+Battle on the Elster – 1080 – Great Saxon Revolt
+Battle of Pleichfeld – 1086 – Great Saxon Revolt
+Battle of Schmilau - 1093 - Christianisation of the Germanic peoples
+Battle of Welfesholz - 1115
+Siege of Weinsberg - 1140 - Welf-Hohenstaufen feud
+Siege of Lübeck - 1147 - Northern Crusades
+Battle of Flochberg - 1150 - Welf-Hohenstaufen feud
+Battle of Verchen - 1164
+Battle of Stellau - 1201 - Danish Crusades
+Battle of Mölln - 1225
+Battle of Bornhöved (1227) - 1227 - Dano–German War (1226–1227)
+Battle of Altenesch - 1234 - Crusades
+Battle of Frankfurt (1246) - 1246 - Crusade against the Hohenstaufen
+Siege of Aachen (1248) - 1248 - German civil war
+Battle of the Wülferichskamp - 1254
+Cyriacus Battle - 1266 - Würzburg civil war
+Battle of Zülpich (1267) - 1267
+Battle of Frohse - 1278
+Battle of Worringen – 1288 – War of the Limburg Succession
+Battle of Göllheim - 1298 - Fight for rule over the Holy Roman Empire
+Battle of Lucka - 1307
+Battle of Gammelsdorf - 1313 - Conflict over Bavarian tutelage
+Battle of Gransee - 1316 - North German Margrave War
+Battle of Wöhrden - 1319
+Battle of Mühldorf - 1322
+Battle of Dinklar - 1367
+Battle of Baesweiler - 1371
+Battle of Leveste - 1373
+Battle of Loppersum - 1380 - Frisian War
+Battle of Döffingen - 1388
+Battle of Kleverhamm - 1397
+Battle of Bergtheim - 1400
+Battle of Alling - 1422 - Bavarian War (1420–1422)
+Battle of Detern - 1426 - Pre-East Frisian Liberation Wars
+Battle of the Wild Fields - 1427 - East Frisian Liberation Wars
+Battle of Hiltersried – 1433 – Hussite Wars
+Battle of Linnich - 1444 - War of the Guelderian Succession
+Battle of Waldstetten - 1449 - War of the Cities
+Battle of Varlar - 1454 - Münster Diocesan Feud
+Battle of Seckenheim - 1462 - Bavarian War (1459–1463)
+Battle of Straelen - 1468 - War in Guelders
+Siege of Neuss – 1474 – 1475 – Burgundian Wars
+Battle of Hemmingstedt – 1500
+Battle of Wenzenbach – 1504 – War of the Succession of Landshut
+Battle of the Hartwarder Landwehr - 1514
+Battle of Soltau - 1519 - Hildesheim Diocesan Feud
+Battle of Wurzach – 1524 – German Peasants' War
+Battle of Frankenhausen – 1525 – German Peasants' War
+Battle of Meiningen - 1525 - German Peasants' War
+Battle of Pfeddersheim - 1525 - German Peasants' War
+Battle of Jemgum (1533) - 1533 - Guelders Wars
+Battle of Lauffen - 1534
+Battle of Mühlberg – 1547 – Schmalkaldic War (European wars of religion)
+Battle of Drakenburg – 1547 – Schmalkaldic War (European wars of religion)
+Battle of Sievershausen – 1553 – Second Margrave War
+Siege of Hof – 1553 – Second Margrave War
+Siege of Kulmbach and Plassenburg Castle - 1553 - Second Margrave War
+Battle of Schwarzach - 1554 - Second Margrave War
+Battle of Rügen (1565) – 1565 – Northern Seven Years' War (Dano-Swedish War and Polish–Swedish wars)
+Action of 4 June 1565 – 1565 – Northern Seven Years' War (Dano-Swedish War and Polish–Swedish wars)
+Battle of Dahlen – 1568 – Eighty Years' War, 1566–1572 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Battle of Jemmingen – 1568 – Eighty Years' War, 1566–1572 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Kerpen - 1579 - Eighty Years' War
+Siege of Godesberg – 1583 – Cologne War (European wars of religion)
+Battle of Hüls (1583) - 1583 - Cologne War
+Battle of Werl – 1585 – Cologne War (European wars of religion)
+Destruction of Neuss – 1586 – Cologne War and Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Rheinberg (1586–1590) – 1586 – 1590 – Cologne War, Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Bonn - 1588 - Cologne War
+Battle of the Lippe – 1595 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Ten Years (Eighty Years' War) (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Rheinberg (1597) – 1597 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Ten Years (Eighty Years' War) (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Meurs (1597) – 1597 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Ten Years (Eighty Years' War) (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Lingen (1597) – 1597 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Ten Years (Eighty Years' War) (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Rheinberg - 1598
+Siege of Schenckenschans (1599) – 1599 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Rees (1599) – 1599 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Rheinberg (1601) – 1601 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609 (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Jülich (1610) – 1610 – War of the Jülich Succession (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Aachen (1614) – 1614 – War of the Jülich Succession (Eighty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Siege of Bad Kreuznach – 1620 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Capture of Oppenheim – 1620 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Capture of Bacharach – 1620 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Siege of Frankenthal – 1621 – 1623 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Siege of Jülich (1621–1622) – 1621 – 1622 – Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648 (Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Battle of Mingolsheim – 1622 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Wimpfen – 1622 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Höchst – 1622 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Siege of Heidelberg (1622) – 1622 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Capture of Mannheim – 1622 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Stadtlohn – 1623 – Palatinate campaign (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Dessau Bridge – 1626 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Lutter – 1626 – Thirty Years' War
+Siege of Stralsund (1628) – 1628 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Wolgast – 1628 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Frankfurt an der Oder – 1631 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Sack of Magdeburg – 1631 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Werben – 1631 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) – 1631 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Bamberg – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Rain – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Siege of Nuremberg – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Wiesloch (1632) – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of the Alte Veste – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Fürth – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Lützen (1632) – 1632 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Oldendorf – 1633 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Nördlingen (1634) – 1634 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Strasbourg Bridge – 1634 – Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War (Thirty Years' War)
+Siege of Schenkenschans – 1635 – 1636 – Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648 (Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Battle of Wittstock – 1636 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Rheinfelden – 1638 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Breisach – 1638 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Vlotho – 1638 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Chemnitz – 1639 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Wolfenbüttel – 1641 – Thirty Years' War
+Siege of Dorsten – 1641 – Hessian War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Kempen – 1642 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Breitenfeld (1642) – 1642 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Tuttlingen – 1643 – Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Colberger Heide – 1644 – Torstenson War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Freiburg – 1644 – Thirty Years' War
+Siege of Philippsburg (1644) – 1644 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Fehmarn (1644) – Torstenson War (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Jüterbog – 1644 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Herbsthausen – 1645 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Nördlingen (1645)) – 1645 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Zusmarshausen – 1648 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Wevelinghoven – 1648 – Thirty Years' War
+Siege of Bonn (1673) – 1673 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Sinsheim – 1674 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Rathenow – 1675 – Swedish invasion of Brandenburg (1674–75) (Scanian War) [Franco-Dutch War and Northern Wars]
+Battle of Nauen – 1675 – Swedish invasion of Brandenburg (1674–75) (Scanian War) [Franco-Dutch War and Northern Wars]
+Battle of Fehrbellin – 1675 – Swedish invasion of Brandenburg (1674–75) (Scanian War) [Franco-Dutch War and Northern Wars]
+Battle of Salzbach – 1675 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Altenheim – 1675 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Konzer Brücke – 1675 – Franco-Dutch War
+Siege of Philippsburg (1676) – 1676 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Warksow – 1678 – Scanian War (Franco-Dutch War and Northern Wars)
+Battle of Ortenbach – 1678 – Franco-Dutch War
+Siege of Stralsund (1678) – 1678 – Scanian War (Franco-Dutch War and Northern Wars)
+Invasion of Rügen (1678) – 1678 – Scanian War (Franco-Dutch War and Northern Wars)
+Siege of Philippsburg (1688) – 1688 – Nine Years' War
+Siege of Bonn (1689) – 1689 – Nine Years' War
+First siege of Tönning – 1700 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Battle of Reinbek – 1700 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Siege of Kaiserswerth – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Siege of Landau (1702) – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Friedlingen – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Siege of Kehl (1703) – 1703 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Siege of Bonn (1703) – 1703 – War of the Spanish Succession
+First Battle of Höchstädt – 1703 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Speyerbach – 1703 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Schellenberg – 1704 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Blenheim – 1704 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Sendling's night of murder – 1705 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Siege of Stralsund (1711–1715) – 1711 – 1715 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Battle of Wismar (1711) – 1711 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Battle of Gadebusch – 1712 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Second siege of Tönning – 1713 – 1714 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Battle of Fehmarn (1715) – 1715 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Battle of Rügen (1715) – 1715 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Battle of Stresow – 1715 – Great Northern War (Northern Wars)
+Siege of Kehl (1733) – 1733 – War of the Polish Succession
+Siege of Trarbach – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Siege of Philippsburg (1734) – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Battle of Clausen – 1735 – War of the Polish Succession
+Battle of Simbach – 1743 – War of the Austrian Succession
+Battle of Dettingen – 1743 – War of the Austrian Succession
+Battle of Pfaffenhofen – 1745 – War of the Austrian Succession
+Battle of Kesselsdorf – 1745 – Second Silesian War (War of the Austrian Succession and Silesian Wars)
+Siege of Pirna – 1756 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Hastenbeck – 1757 – Seven Years' War
+1757 raid on Berlin – 1757 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Rossbach – 1757 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Blockade of Stralsund – 1757 – 1758 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Rheinberg – 1758 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Krefeld – 1758 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Tornow – 1758 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Fehrbellin (1758) – 1758 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+First siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War) – 1758 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Lutterberg (1758) – 1758 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Hochkirch – 1758 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Güstow – 1758 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Bergen (1759) – 1759 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Minden – 1759 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Frisches Haff – 1759 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Hoyerswerda – 1759 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Maxen – 1759 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Meissen – 1759 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Corbach – 1760 – Seven Years' War
+Siege of Dresden – 1760 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Emsdorf – 1760 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Warburg – 1760 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Strehla – 1760 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Second siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War) – 1760 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Raid on Berlin – 1760 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Pasewalk – 1760 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Kloster Kampen – 1760 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Torgau – 1760 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Langensalza (1761) – 1761 – Seven Years' War
+Siege of Cassel (1761) – 1761 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Grünberg – 1761 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Villinghausen – 1761 – Seven Years' War
+Third siege of Kolberg (Seven Years' War) – 1761 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Neuensund – 1761 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Ölper (1761) – 1761 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Neukalen – 1762 – Pomeranian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Wilhelmsthal – 1762 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Lutterberg (1762) – 1762 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Nauheim – 1762 – Seven Years' War
+Siege of Cassel (1762) – 1762 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of Freiberg – 1762 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Siege of Mainz (1792) – 1792 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Limburg (1792) – 1792 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Aldenhoven (1793) – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Mainz (1793) – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Landau (1793) – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Pirmasens – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Bergzabern – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Biesingen – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Kaiserslautern – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Kaiserslautern (1794) – 1794 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Trippstadt – 1794 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Aldenhoven (1794) – 1794 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Handschuhsheim – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Höchst (1795) – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Action at Mannheim (1795) – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Mainz – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Pfeddersheim (1795) – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Siegburg – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Altenkirchen – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Maudach – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Wetzlar (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Kircheib – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Kehl (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Rastatt (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Ettlingen – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Neresheim – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Theiningen – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Amberg – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Friedberg (Bavaria) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Würzburg – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Limburg (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Second Battle of Kehl (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Biberach (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Emmendingen – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Schliengen – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Kehl (1796–1797) – 1796 – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Hüningen (1796–1797) – 1796 – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Neuwied (1797) – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Diersheim (1797) – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Ostrach – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Stockach (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Mannheim (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Wiesloch (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battles of Stockach and Engen – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Messkirch – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Biberach (1800) – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Höchstädt (1800) – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Neuburg (1800) – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Ampfing (1800) – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Hohenlinden – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Donauwörth – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Wertingen – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Günzburg – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Haslach-Jungingen – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Memmingen – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Elchingen – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Ulm – 1805 – Ulm campaign (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Schleiz – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Saalfeld – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Jena-Auerstedt – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Halle – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Siege of Magdeburg (1806) – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Fall of Berlin (1806) – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Prenzlau – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Waren-Nossentin – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Lübeck – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition and Franco-Swedish War (Napoleonic Wars)
+Siege of Hamelin – 1806 – War of the Fourth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Siege of Stralsund (1807) – 1807 – Franco-Swedish War (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Teugen-Hausen – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Abensberg – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Landshut (1809) – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Eckmühl – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Ratisbon – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Stralsund (1809) – 1809 – Franco-Swedish War and Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809 (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Gefrees – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Halberstadt – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Ölper (1809) – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Lüneburg – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Möckern – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Lützen (1813) – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Bautzen (1813) – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Luckau – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Großbeeren – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Dresden – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Hagelberg – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Dennewitz – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of the Göhrde – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Altenburg – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Combat of Rosslau – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Wartenburg – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Siege of Dresden (1813) – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Leipzig – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Siege of Torgau – 1813 – 1814 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Hanau – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Bornhöved (1813) – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Sehested – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Siege of Hamburg – 1813 – 1814 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Siege of Mainz (1814) – 1814 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Bov – 1848 – First Schleswig War
+Battle of Schleswig – 1848 – First Schleswig War
+Skirmish of Oversø – 1848 – First Schleswig War
+Battle of Eckernförde – 1849 – First Schleswig War
+Battle of Heligoland (1849) – 1849 – First Schleswig War
+Battle of Isted – 1850 – First Schleswig War
+Battle of Lottorf – 1850 – First Schleswig War
+Battle of Aachen – 1944 – World War II
+Battle of Nuremberg (1945) – 1945 – World War II
+Battle of Berlin – 1945 – World War II
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-12.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-12.md
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 13/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Georgia ==
+
+== Ghana ==
+Battle of Guinea – 1478 – War of the Castilian Succession
+Battle of Elmina (1625) – 1625 – Dutch–Portuguese War
+Battle of Elmina (1637) – 1637 – Dutch–Portuguese War
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-13.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-13.md
@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 14/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Greece ==
+Battle of Deres – c. 684 BC – Second Messenian War
+Battle of the Great Foss – c. 682 BC – Second Messenian War
+Battle of Hysiae (c. 669 BC) – c. 669 BC
+Siege of Naxos (499 BC) – 499 BC – Greco-Persian Wars
+Siege of Eretria – 490 BC – First Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Marathon – 490 BC – First Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Thermopylae – 480 BC – Second Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Artemisium – 480 BC – Second Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Salamis – 480 BC – Second Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Achaemenid destruction of Athens – 480 BC – 479 BC – Second Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Plataea – 479 BC – Second Persian invasion of Greece (Greco-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Aegina – 458 BC – First Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Tanagra (457 BC) – 457 BC – First Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Oenophyta – 457 BC – First Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Coronea (447 BC) – 447 BC – First Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Sybota – 433 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Potidaea – 432 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Spartolos – 429 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Rhium – 429 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Naupactus – 429 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Siege of Plataea – 429 BC – 427 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Mytilenean revolt – 428 BC – 427 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Tanagra (426 BC) – 426 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Olpae – 426 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Idomene – 426 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Pylos – 425 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Sphacteria – 425 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Megara – 424 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Delium – 424 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Amphipolis – 422 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Mantinea (418 BC) – 418 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Hysiae (417 BC) – 417 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Orneae – 417 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Siege of Melos – 416 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Syme – 411 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Eretria – 411 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Mytilene (406 BC) – 406 BC – Peloponnesian War
+Battle of Haliartus – 395 BC – Corinthian War
+Battle of Nemea – 394 BC – Corinthian War
+Battle of Coronea (394 BC) – 394 BC – Corinthian War
+Battle of Lechaeum – 391 BC – Corinthian War
+Battle of Naxos – 376 BC – Boeotian War
+Battle of Tegyra – 375 BC
+Battle of Leuctra – 371 BC
+Battle of Cynoscephalae (364 BC) – 364 BC
+Battle of Mantinea (362 BC) – 362 BC – Theban–Spartan War
+Battle of Crocus Field – 353 BC or 352 BC – Third Sacred War and Rise of Macedon
+Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC) – 338 BC – Rise of Macedon
+Battle of Thebes – 335 BC – Alexander's Balkan campaign (Wars of Alexander the Great)
+Battle of Megalopolis – 331 BC – Wars of Alexander the Great
+Battle of Plataea (323 BC) – 323 BC – Lamian War
+Battle of Thermopylae (323 BC) – 323 BC – Lamian War
+Siege of Lamia – 322 BC – Lamian War
+Battle of Amorgos – 322 BC – Lamian War
+Battle of the Echinades (322 BC) – 322 BC – Lamian War
+Defeat of Leonnatus by Antiphilus – 322 BC – Lamian War
+Battle of Crannon – 322 BC – Lamian War
+Siege of Megalopolis – 317 BC – Second War of the Diadochi
+Siege of Rhodes (305–304 BC) – 305 BC – 304 BC – Fourth War of the Diadochi
+Siege of Athens (287 BC) – 287 BC
+Battle of Thermopylae (279 BC) – 279 BC – Gallic invasion of the Balkans
+Battle of Cos – 261 BC or 255 BC – Chremonidean War and Syrian Wars
+Battle of Andros (246 BC) – 246 BC or 245 BC – Third Syrian War
+Siege of Medion – 231 BC – First Illyrian War
+Battle of Paxos – 229 BC – First Illyrian War
+Siege of Corcyra – 229 BC – First Illyrian War
+Battle of Mount Lycaeum – 227 BC – Cleomenean War
+Battle of Ladoceia – 227 BC – Cleomenean War
+Battle of Dyme – 226 BC – Cleomenean War
+Battle of Sellasia – 222 BC – Cleomenean War
+First Battle of Lamia – 209 BC – First Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Second Battle of Lamia – 209 BC – First Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Battle of Mantinea (207 BC) – 207 BC – First Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Battle of Chios (201 BC) – 201 BC – Cretan War (205–200 BC)
+Battle of Cynoscephalae – 197 BC – Second Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Battle of Thermopylae (191 BC) – 191 BC – Roman–Seleucid War (Macedonian Wars)
+Battle of Callinicus – 171 BC – Third Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Battle of Pydna – 168 BC – Third Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Battle of Pydna (148 BC) – 148 BC – Fourth Macedonian War (Macedonian Wars)
+Siege of Rhodes (88 BC) – 88 BC – First Mithridatic War (Mithridatic Wars)
+Siege of Athens and Piraeus (87–86 BC) – 87 BC – 86 BC – First Mithridatic War (Mithridatic Wars)
+Battle of Chaeronea (86 BC) – 86 BC – First Mithridatic War (Mithridatic Wars)
+Battle of Orchomenus – 85 BC – First Mithridatic War (Mithridatic Wars)
+Battle of Lemnos (73 BCE) – 73 BC – Third Mithridatic War (Mithridatic Wars)
+Siege of Gomphi – 48 BC – Caesar's civil war
+Battle of Pharsalus – 48 BC – Caesar's civil war
+Siege of Thessalonica (254) – 254 – Roman–Germanic wars and Crisis of the Third Century
+Battle of Thermopylae (254) – 254 – Roman–Germanic wars and Crisis of the Third Century
+Sack of Athens (267 AD) – 267 – Crisis of the Third Century
+Battle of Thessalonica (380) – 380 – Gothic War (376–382) (Fall of the Western Roman Empire) and Roman–Germanic wars
+Siege of Thessalonica (617) – 617 or 618 – Avar–Byzantine wars
+Siege of Thessalonica (676–678) - 676 - Arab–Byzantine wars
+Battle of Litosoria - 774 - Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
+Battle of Thasos – 829 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Battle of the Gulf of Corinth – c.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-14.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-14.md
@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 15/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+873 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Battle of Cephalonia – 880 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Siege of Euripos – 883 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Sack of Thessalonica (904) – 904 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Siege of Chandax – 960 – 961 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Battle of Thessalonica (995) – 995 – Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Spercheios – 997 – Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Thessalonica (1004) – 1004 – Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Kreta – 1009 – Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Thessalonica (1014) – 1014 – Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Setina – 1017 – Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Lemnos (1024) - 1024 - Rus'-Byzantine wars
+Battle of Thessalonica (1040) – 1040 – Uprising of Peter Delyan (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Thessalonica (2nd 1040) – 1040 – Uprising of Peter Delyan (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Ostrovo – 1041 – Uprising of Peter Delyan (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Larissa – 1083 – First Norman invasion of the Balkans
+Sack of Thessalonica (1185) – 1185 – Third Norman invasion of the Balkans
+Battle of Demetritzes – 1185 – Third Norman invasion of the Balkans
+Battle of Serres (1196) – 1196 – Battles of the Second Bulgarian Empire (Byzantine–Bulgarian wars)
+Battle of Serres (1205) – 1205 – Bulgarian–Latin wars
+Battle of the Olive Grove of Kountouras - 1205 - Fourth Crusade
+Battle of Messinopolis – 1207 – Bulgarian–Latin wars
+Battle of Karydi - 1258 - War of the Euboeote Succession
+Battle of Settepozzi – 1263 – War of Saint Sabas
+Battle of Prinitza - 1263 - Byzantine-Latin Wars
+Battle of Makryplagi - 1264 - Byzantine-Latin Wars
+Battle of Neopatras - 1275 - Byzantine-Latin Wars
+Battle of Demetrias - 1275 - Byzantine-Latin Wars
+Battle of Pharsalus (1277) - 1277 - Wars of Michael VIII Palaiologos
+Hospitaller conquest of Rhodes - 1306 - 1310 - Crusades
+Battle of Halmyros – 1311 – Catalan Company
+Battle of Amorgos (1312) - 1312 - Crusades
+Battle of Picotin – 1316 – Ferdinand of Majorca
+Battle of Manolada – 1316 – Ferdinand of Majorca
+Battle of Chios (1319) - 1319
+Battle of Saint George - 1320 - Byzantine–Frankish conflicts
+Battle of Rhodes (1320) - 1320
+Battle of Stephaniana - 1344 - Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
+Battle of Peritheorion - 1345 - Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
+Battle of Demotika – 1352 – Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357 (Serbian-Ottoman wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Battle of Sapienza - 1354 - War of the Straits
+Battle of Achelous (1359) - 1359
+Battle of Megara (1359) - 1359 - Crusades
+First Albanian Siege of Ioannina - 1367
+Battle of Maritsa – 1371 – Serbian-Ottoman wars (Ottoman wars in Europe)
+Battle of Gardiki - 1375 - Struggle for Constantinople (1204–1261)
+Knights Hospitaller Invasion of Arta - 1378
+Siege of Thessalonica (1422–1430) – 1422 – 1430 – Byzantine–Ottoman wars and Ottoman–Venetian wars
+Battle of the Echinades (1427) - 1427 - Struggle for Constantinople (1204–1261)
+Siege of Rhodes (1444) - 1444
+Siege of Mytilene - 1462 - Expansion of the Ottoman Empire
+Siege of Negroponte (1470) - 1470 - Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)
+Siege of Rhodes (1480) – 1480 – Ottoman wars in Europe
+Battle of Zonchio – 1499 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Battle of Modon (1500) – 1500 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Siege of the Castle of Saint George – 1500 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1499–1503) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Siege of Rhodes (1522) – 1522 – Ottoman wars in Europe
+Siege of Coron (1533–1534) - 1533 - Ottoman–Habsburg wars
+Siege of Corfu (1537) – 1537 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Battle of Preveza – 1538 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1537–1540) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Battle of Lepanto – 1571 – Ottoman–Habsburg wars and Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Siege of Candia – 1648 – 1669 – Cretan War (1645–1669) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Action of 10 July 1651 – 1651 – Cretan War (1645–1669) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Action of 27 August 1661 – 1661 – Cretan War (1645–1669) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Action of 29 September 1662 – 1662 – Cretan War (1645–1669) (Ottoman–Venetian wars)
+Siege of Santa Maura (1684) – 1684 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Siege of the Acropolis (1687) – 1687 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Siege of Negroponte (1688) – 1688 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Battle of Mytilene (1690) – 1690 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Battle of the Oinousses Islands – 1695 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Battle of Andros (1696) – 1696 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Battle of Samothrace (1698) – 1698 – Morean War (Great Turkish War)
+Siege of Nauplia (1715) – 1715 – Ottoman reconquest of the Morea (Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718))
+Siege of Corfu (1716) – 1716 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)
+Action of 8 July 1716 – 1716 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)
+Battle of Matapan – 1717 – Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)
+Battle of Vromopigada – 1770 – Ottoman invasion of Mani (1770)
+Battle of Nauplia (1770) – 1770 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
+Battle of Chesma – 1770 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
+Battle of Patras (1772) – 1772 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
+Battle of Andros (1790) – 1790 – Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
+Battle of Mykonos – 1794 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Action of 18 August 1798 – 1798 – Mediterranean campaign of 1798 (War of the Second Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Nicopolis (1798) – 1798 – French campaign in Egypt and Syria (War of the Second Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Siege of Corfu (1798–1799) – 1798 – 1799 – Mediterranean campaign of 1798 (War of the Second Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Athos – 1807 – Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)
+Siege of Santa Maura (1810) – 1810 – Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814 (Napoleonic Wars)
+Liberation of Kalamata – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Navarino massacre – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Siege of Patras (1821) – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Siege of Tripolitsa – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Alamana – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Siege of the Acropolis (1821–1822) – 1821 – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Gravia Inn – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Valtetsi – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Doliana – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Lalas – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Vasilika (Thessaloniki) – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of the Trench (1821) – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Massacre of Samothrace (1821) – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Vassilika – 1821 – Greek War of Independence
+Chios massacre – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+Naousa massacre – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Peta – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Dervenakia – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Nauplia (1822) – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+First siege of Missolonghi – 1822 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Karpenisi – 1823 – Greek War of Independence
+Second siege of Missolonghi – 1823 – Greek War of Independence
+Kasos Massacre – 1824 – Greek War of Independence
+Destruction of Psara – 1824 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Samos – 1824 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Gerontas – 1824 – Greek War of Independence
+Third siege of Missolonghi – 1825 – 1826 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Andros (1825) – 1825 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Sphacteria (1825) – 1825 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Maniaki – 1825 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of the Lerna Mills – 1825 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Vergas – 1826 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Diro – 1826 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Polyaravos – 1826 – Greek War of Independence
+Siege of the Acropolis (1826–1827) – 1826 – 1827 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Arachova – 1826 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Kamatero – 1827 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Phaleron – 1827 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Itea – 1827 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Navarino – 1827 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Petra – 1829 – Greek War of Independence
+Battle of Giannitsa – 1912
+Battle of Lemnos (1912)
+Battle of Pente Pigadia – 1912
+Battle of Sarantaporo – 1912
+Battle of Bizani – 1913
+Battle of Kilkis-Lahanas – 1913
+Battle of Sorovich – 1916
+Battle of Skra-di-Legen – 1918
+Battle of Greece – 1940 or 1941
+Battle of Pindus – 1940
+Battle of Cape Matapan – 1941
+Battle of Crete – 1941
+Battle of Vevi (1941)
+Battle of Leros – 1943
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-15.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-15.md
@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 16/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Grenada ==
+Capture of Grenada (1779) – 1779 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Grenada – 1779 – American Revolutionary War
+
+== Guatemala ==
+Battle of La Arada – 1851
+
+== Guyana ==
+Raid on Essequibo and Demerara (1781) – 1781 – Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (American Revolutionary War)
+Capture of Demerara and Essequibo – 1782 – American Revolutionary War
+
+== Haiti ==
+Capture of Fort Rocher – 1654 – Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Cap-Français – 1757 – Seven Years' War
+Battle of the Windward Passage – 1760 – Seven Years' War
+Action of 2 January 1783 – 1783 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Croix-des-Bouquets – 1792 – Haitian Revolution
+Siege of Port-au-Prince (1793) – 1793 – Haitian Revolution
+Battle of Cap-Français (1793) – 1793 – Haitian Revolution
+Capture of Fort-Dauphin (1794) – 1794 – Haitian Revolution and War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of the Acul – 1794 – Haitian Revolution
+Battle of Saint-Raphaël – 1794 – Haitian Revolution
+Battle of Gonaïves – 1794 – Haitian Revolution
+Battle of Port-Républicain – 1794 – Haitian Revolution
+Battle of Jean-Rabel – 1797 – Haitian Revolution
+Action of 1 January 1800 – 1800 – Quasi-War (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres – 1802 – Saint-Domingue expedition (Haitian Revolution)
+Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot – 1802 – Saint-Domingue expedition (Haitian Revolution)
+Action of 28 June 1803 – 1803 – Saint-Domingue expedition (Haitian Revolution)
+Siege of Port-au-Prince (1803) – 1803 – Saint-Domingue expedition (Haitian Revolution)
+Battle of Vertières – 1803 – Saint-Domingue expedition (Haitian Revolution)
+Battle of Fort Cachimán – 1844 – Dominican War of Independence
+Battle of Fort Rivière – 1915 – Banana Wars
+Battle of Port-au-Prince – 1920 – Banana Wars
+
+== Honduras ==
+Raid on Puerto Caballos (1594) – 1594 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
+Battle of Puerto Caballos (1603) – 1603 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
+Battle of San Fernando de Omoa – 1779 – American Revolutionary War
+Action of 12 December 1779 – 1779 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Roatán – 1782 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of the Black River – 1782 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of La Trinidad – 1827 – First Central American Civil War
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-16.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-16.md
@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 17/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Hungary ==
+Battle of Bolia – 469 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Raab - 791 - Saxon Wars
+Battle of Ménfő - 1044 - German-Hungarian War
+Battle of Vértes - 1051
+Battle of the Theben Pass - 1060 - Hungarian civil war
+Battle of Kemej – 1074
+Battle of Mogyoród – 1074
+Battle of Mohi – 1241 – First Mongol invasion of Hungary
+Siege of Esztergom (1241) – 1242 – First Mongol invasion of Hungary
+Battle of the Leitha River - 1246
+Battle of Isaszeg (1265) – 1265 – Hungarian Civil War (1264–1265)
+Battle of Lake Hód - 1282 - Feudal anarchy in Hungary
+Battle of Rozgony - 1312 - Charles I's wars for the centralized power
+Siege of Güns – 1526 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Battle of Mohács – 1526 – Ottoman–Hungarian wars and Ottoman–Habsburg wars (Ottoman wars in Europe)
+Battle of Sződfalva – 1527 – Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528 (Ottoman–Habsburg wars)
+Battle of Tarcal – 1527 – Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528 (Ottoman–Habsburg wars)
+Siege of Buda (1530) – 1530 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Güns – 1532 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Buda (1541) – 1541 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Pest – 1542 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Esztergom (1543) – 1543 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Székesfehérvár (1543) – 1543 – Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Eger – 1552 – Ottoman–Hungarian wars and Ottoman–Habsburg wars (Ottoman wars in Europe)
+Siege of Szigetvár – 1566 – Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War (Croatian–Ottoman wars, Ottoman–Hungarian wars and Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Eger (1596) – 1596 – Long Turkish War (Ottoman–Habsburg wars)
+Battle of Keresztes – 1596 – Long Turkish War (Ottoman–Habsburg wars)
+Siege of Székesfehérvár – 1601 – Long Turkish War (Ottoman–Habsburg wars)
+Battle of Saint Gotthard – 1664 – Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664) (Ottoman–Habsburg wars) [Ottoman wars in Europe]
+Siege of Visegrád – 1684 – Great Turkish War
+Battle of Vác (1684) – 1684 – Great Turkish War
+Siege of Buda (1684) – 1684 – Great Turkish War
+Siege of Buda (1686) – 1686 – Great Turkish War
+Siege of Pécs – 1686 – Great Turkish War
+Battle of Mohács (1687) – 1687 – Great Turkish War
+Battle of Koroncó – 1704 – Rákóczi's War of Independence (War of the Spanish Succession)
+Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705) – 1705 – Rákóczi's War of Independence (War of the Spanish Succession)
+Battle of Raab – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Pákozd – 1848 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Letenye – 1848 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Moson – 1848 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Mór – 1848 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+First Battle of Szolnok – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Cegléd – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Raid of Kompolt – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Cibakháza – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Kápolna – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Mezőkövesd – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Second Battle of Szolnok – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Hatvan – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Tápióbicske – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Isaszeg (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+First Battle of Vác (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+First Battle of Komárom (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Siege of Buda (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Csorna – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Ihász – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Győr – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Second Battle of Komárom (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Third Battle of Komárom (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Second Battle of Vác (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Tura – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Fourth Battle of Komárom (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Debrecen (1849) – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Szőreg – 1849 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848
+Battle of Debrecen – 1944
+Siege of Budapest – 1945
+Operation Spring Awakening – 1945
+
+== Iceland ==
+Battle of Víðines - 1208 - Age of the Sturlungs
+Battle of Örlygsstaðir – 1238
+Battle of Haugsnes – 1246 - Age of the Sturlungs
+Battle of Sauðafell – 1550
+
+== India ==
+Battle of the Ten Kings – c.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-17.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-17.md
@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 18/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+14th century BC
+Sack of Kausambi - 497 - First Hunnic War
+First Battle of Eran - 498 - First Hunnic War
+Second Battle of Eran - 510 - First Hunnic War
+Sack of Pataliputra - 520 - Second Hunnic War
+Battle of Sondani - 528 - Second Hunnic War
+Siege of Banavasi - 540
+Conquest of the Revati Island - 599
+Battle of Pullalur - 618 - Chalukya–Pallava Wars
+Battle of Narmada - 619
+Battle of Manimangala - 642 - Chalukya–Pallava Wars
+Battle of Vatapi - 642 - Chalukya–Pallava Wars
+Battle of Peruvallanallur - 674
+Siege of Nandigrama - 760
+Battle of Venbai - 760
+Battle of Ganges-Yamuna Doab - 791
+Battle of Monghyr - 816 - Gurjara–Gauda War
+Battle of Tellaru - 830
+Battle of Thirupurambiyam - 879
+Battle of Niravadyapura - 894
+Battle of Peruvanguru - 894
+Battle of Vallala - 911
+Battle of Vellore - 915
+Sack of Kannauj - 916
+Battle of Takkolam - 948 - Krishna's Southern Expedition
+Sack of Manyakheta - 972
+Battle of Kandalur Salai - 988 - Chola Expansions under Rajaraja
+Battle of Rattapadi - 992
+Battle of Puri - 997 - Western Chalukya expansion
+Battle of Donur - 1007 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Rattapadi - 1008 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Tavareyaghatta - 1008 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Chebrolu - 1008 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of the River Tausi – 1014 – Ghaznavid–Hindu Shahi Wars
+Battle of Maski - 1019 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of the Ramganga – 1020 – Ghaznavid–Hindu Shahi Wars
+Siege of Gwalior - 1021
+Sack of Somnath - 1026 - Ghaznavid campaigns in India
+Battle of the Godavari River - 1028 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Dannada - 1046 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Koppam - 1052 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Kudal-Sangamam - 1062 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Vijayawada - 1068 - Chola–Chalukya Wars
+Battle of Sanderao - 1070 - Chahamana-Chaulukya Wars
+Chola invasion of Kalinga (1097) - 1097
+Chola invasion of Kalinga (1110) - 1110
+Battle of Talakad - 1116
+Battle of Kannegala - 1118
+Battle of Goggasthana - 1175
+Battle of Kasahrada - 1178 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Battle of Nagor - 1184
+Battle of Nettur - 1188
+First Battle of Tarain - 1191 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Second Battle of Tarain - 1192 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Battle of Chandawar - 1194 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Siege of Gwalior (1196) - 1196 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Battle of Kasahrada (1197) - 1197 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Siege of Kalinjar (1203) - 1203 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Sack of Madurai (1205) - 1205
+Third Battle of Tarain - 1216 - Ghurid campaigns in India
+Battle of Mahendramangalam - 1236
+Battle of Beas River – 1285 – Mongol invasions of India
+Battle of Jaran-Manjur - 1298 - Mongol invasions of India
+Mongol invasion of Sindh - 1298 - Mongol invasions of India
+Battle of Kili – 1299 – Mongol invasions of India
+Siege of Chittorgarh (1303) - 1303 - Wars between the Kingdom of Mewar and the Delhi Sultanate
+Siege of Delhi (1303) – Mongol invasions of India
+Battle of Amroha – 1305 – Mongol invasions of India
+Battle of Ravi – 1306 – Mongol invasions of India
+Siege of Siwana - 1308 - Campaigns of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi Sultanate
+Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Devagiri - 1308 - Campaigns of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi Sultanate
+Siege of Warangal (1310) - 1310
+Sack of Halebidu - 1327 - Campaigns of Alauddin Khalji of Delhi Sultanate
+Battle of Kannanur - 1342
+First battle of Delhi (1398) – 1398 – Timurid conquests and invasions
+Second battle of Delhi (1398) – 1398 – Timurid conquests and invasions
+Battle of Kondavidu - 1427 - Vijayanagara–Gajapati wars
+First Battle of Cannanore – 1501 – Portuguese battles in the Indian Ocean
+Battle of Calicut (1503) – 1503 – Portuguese battles in the Indian Ocean
+Battle of Cochin - 1504 - Portuguese colonial campaigns
+Battle of Pandarane - 1504 - First Luso-Malabarese War
+Battle of Cannanore – 1506 – Portuguese–Mamluk naval war
+Siege of Cannanore (1507) – 1507 – Portuguese–Mamluk naval war
+Battle of Chaul – 1508 – Portuguese–Mamluk naval war
+Battle of Dabul - 1508 - Adil Shahi–Portuguese conflicts
+Battle of Diu (1509) – 1509 – Portuguese–Mamluk naval war
+Portuguese conquest of Goa – 1510 – Portuguese–Mamluk naval war
+Battle of Kondavidu Fort - 1518
+Battle of Raichur - 1520 - Deccani–Vijayanagar wars
+First Battle of Panipat – 1526 – Mughal conquests
+Siege of Sambhal – 1526 – Mughal conquests
+Battle of Khanwa – 1527 – Mughal conquests
+Battle of Chanderi or siege of Chanderi – 1528 – Mughal conquests
+Battle of Ghaghra – 1529 – Mughal conquests
+Siege of Diu (1531) – 1531 – Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations
+Siege of Diu (1538) – 1538 – Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559) (Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations)
+Battle of Chausa - 1539 - Afghan-Mughal Wars
+Battle of Kannauj - 1540
+Battle of Sammel - 1544
+Battle of Bharuch - 1547 - Gujarati–Portuguese conflicts
+Battle of Vedalai - 1549 - Vijayanagar-Portuguese Conflicts
+Action at Diu – 1554 – Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559) (Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations)
+Battle of Machhiwara - 1555 - Humayun Campaign
+Battle of Sirhind (1555) - 1555 - Humayun Campaign
+Battle of Tughlaqabad - 1556 - Humayun Campaign
+Second Battle of Panipat – 1556 – Mughal conquests
+Battle of Talikota – 1565 – Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent
+Siege of Chittorgarh (1567–1568) - 1567 - Mughal–Rajput wars
+Siege of Ranthambore (1568) - 1568 - Mughal–Rajput wars
+Battle of Tukaroi – 1575 – Mughal invasion of Bengal
+Battle of Haldighati - 1576 - Mughal–Rajput wars
+Battle of Rajmahal - 1576 - Mughal–Rajput wars
+Siege of Penukonda - 1577
+Battle of Bhuchar Mori - 1591 - Mughal conquest of Gujarat
+Battle of Swally – 1612 – Portuguese Empire
+Battle of Samdhara – 1616 – Ahom–Mughal conflicts
+Battle of Goa (1638) – 1638 – Dutch–Portuguese War
+Action of 30 September 1639 – 1639 – Dutch–Portuguese War
+Battle of Samugarh – 1658 – Mughal War of Succession 1658–1659
+Battle of Saraighat – 1671 – Ahom–Mughal conflicts
+Siege of Jinji – 1690 – 1698 – Mughal–Maratha Wars
+Battle of Palkhed – 1728 – Battles involving the Maratha Empire
+Battle of Karnal – 1739 – Nader Shah's invasion of India (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Siege of Trichinopoly (1741) – 1741 – Battles involving the Maratha Empire
+Battle of Colachel – 1741 – Travancore–Dutch War
+Siege of Trichinopoly (1743) – 1743
+Action of 6 July 1746 – 1746 – First Carnatic War (War of the Austrian Succession and Carnatic Wars)
+Battle of Madras – 1746 – First Carnatic War (War of the Austrian Succession and Carnatic Wars)
+Battle of Adyar – 1746 – First Carnatic War (War of the Austrian Succession and Carnatic Wars)
+Battle of Manupur – 1748 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Siege of Cuddalore (1748) – 1748 – First Carnatic War (War of the Austrian Succession and Carnatic Wars)
+Siege of Pondicherry (1748) – 1748 – First Carnatic War (War of the Austrian Succession and Carnatic Wars)
+Battle of Ambur – 1749 – Second Carnatic War
+Siege of Trichinopoly (1751–1752) – 1751 – 1752 – Second Carnatic War
+Siege of Arcot – 1751 – Second Carnatic War
+Battle of Arnee – 1751 – Second Carnatic War
+Battle of Chingleput – 1752 – Second Carnatic War
+Battle of Golden Rock – 1753 – Second Carnatic War
+Battle of Seringham – 1753 – Second Carnatic War
+Battle of Plassey – 1757 – Bengal War and Seven Years' War
+Battle of Amritsar (1757) – 1757 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of Mahilpur (1757) – 1757 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of Panipat (1761) – 1761 – Afghan-Maratha Wars
+Battle of Kup – 1762 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of Harnaulgarh – 1762 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of the Ravi Ford – 1762 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of Sirhind (1764) – 1764 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of Sutlej – 1765 – Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (Afghan–Sikh Wars)
+Battle of Tiruvannamalai – 1767 – First Anglo-Mysore War (Anglo-Mysore Wars)
+Siege of Ambur – 1767 – First Anglo-Mysore War (Anglo-Mysore Wars)
+Battle of Ooscota – 1768 – First Anglo-Mysore War (Anglo-Mysore Wars)
+Siege of Tanjore – 1769
+Siege of Pondicherry (1778) – 1778 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Wadgaon – 1779 – First Anglo-Maratha War
+Siege of Tellicherry – 1779 – 1782 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Pollilur (1780) – 1780 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Vellore – 1780 – 1782 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Porto Novo – 1781 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Pollilur (1781) – 1781 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Sholinghur – 1781 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Negapatam – 1781 – Second Anglo-Mysore War and Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (American Revolutionary War)
+Battle of Sadras – 1782 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Negapatam (1782) – 1782 – American Revolutionary War
+Siege of Bednore – 1783 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Mangalore – 1783 – 1784 – Second Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Cuddalore – 1783 – Second Anglo-Mysore War and Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (American Revolutionary War)
+Battle of Cuddalore (1783) – 1783 – American Revolutionary War
+Battle of Nedumkotta – 1789 – 1790 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Sittimungulum – 1790 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Darwar – 1790 – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Koppal – 1790 – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Tirurangadi – 1790 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Capture of Cannanore – 1790 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Bangalore – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Arakere – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Coimbatore – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Goorumconda – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Nundydroog – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Tellicherry – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Capture of Hooly Honore – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Savendroog – 1791 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Capture of Shimoga – 1791 – 1792 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Seringapatam (1792) – 1792 – Third Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Pondicherry (1793) – 1793 – French Revolutionary Wars
+Action of 28 February 1799 – 1799 – French Revolutionary Wars
+Battle of Seedaseer – 1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Mallavelly – 1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Sultanpet Tope – 1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
+Siege of Seringapatam (1799) – 1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
+Battle of Poona – 1802 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Siege of Ahmednagar – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Siege of Aligarh – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Delhi (1803) – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Assaye – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Laswari – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Argaon – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Capture of Gawilghur – 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Mukandwara Pass – 1804 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Siege of Delhi (1804) – 1804 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Deeg – 1804 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Farrukhabad – 1804 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Siege of Deeg – 1804 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Siege of Bharatpur (1805) – 1805 – Second Anglo-Maratha War
+Battle of Nalapani – 1814 – Anglo-Nepalese War
+Battle of Jaithak – ???
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-18.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-18.md
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 19/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+– Anglo-Nepalese War
+Battle of Khadki – 1817 – Third Anglo-Maratha War (Anglo-Maratha Wars)
+Battle of Sitabuldi – 1817 – Third Anglo-Maratha War (Anglo-Maratha Wars)
+Battle of Mahidpur – 1817 – Third Anglo-Maratha War (Anglo-Maratha Wars)
+Battle of Koregaon – 1818 – Third Anglo-Maratha War (Anglo-Maratha Wars)
+Battle of Shopian – 1819 – Afghan–Sikh Wars
+Battle of Mudki – 1845 – First Anglo-Sikh War
+Battle of Ferozeshah – 1845 – First Anglo-Sikh War
+Battle of Sohana – 1846 – First Anglo-Sikh War
+Battle of Baddowal – 1846 – First Anglo-Sikh War
+Battle of Aliwal – 1846 – First Anglo-Sikh War
+Battle of Sobraon – 1846 – First Anglo-Sikh War
+Battle of Asal Uttar – 1965 – Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
+Battle of Longewala – 1971 – Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
+Battle of Tololing – 1999
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-19.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-19.md
@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 20/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Indonesia ==
+Chola invasion of Srivijaya - 1025 - South-East Asia campaign of Rajendra I
+Battle of Genter – 1222
+Battle of Bubat – 1357
+Battle of Palembang – 1407 – Ming treasure voyages
+Battle of Trowulan - 1478 - Spread of Islam in Indonesia
+Battle of Aceh – 1521 – Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts
+Battle of Lingga - 1525 - Malay–Portuguese conflicts
+Battle of Sunda Kelepa - 1527
+Battle of Aceh – 1528 – Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts
+Battle of Tidore - 1536
+Battle of Aceh – 1569 – Acehnese–Portuguese conflicts
+Battle of Bantam – 1601 – Dutch–Portuguese War
+Capture of Amboina – 1605 – Dutch-Portuguese War
+Fall of Jayakarta – 1619
+First Battle of Passempe – 1643
+Second Battle of Passempe – 1646
+Battle of Gegodog – 1676 – Trunajaya rebellion
+Battle of Surabaya – 1677 – Trunajaya rebellion
+Fall of Plered – 1677 – Trunajaya rebellion
+Assault of Kediri – 1678 – Trunajaya rebellion
+Action of 9 September 1796 – 1796 – French Revolutionary Wars
+Battle of Java Sea – 1942 - Pacific War
+Battle of Kotabaru – 1945 - Indonesian National Revolution
+Battle of Medan – 1945
+Battle of Semarang – 1945
+Battle of Ambarawa – 1945
+Battle of Surabaya – 1945
+Kolaka incident – 1945
+Cumbok affair – 1945
+Battle of Kumai – 1946
+Lengkong incident – 1946
+Bandung Sea of Fire – 1946
+Battle of Margarana – 1946
+3 March affair – 1947
+Madiun Affair – 1948
+Siege of Surakarta – 1949
+Battle of Arafura Sea – 1962 – West New Guinea dispute
+Sunda Straits Crisis – 1964 – Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation
+Battle of Sungei Koemba – 1965
+Battle of Kindau – 1965
+Battle of Babang – 1965
+Arfai incident – 1965 – Papua conflict
+Operation Trisula – 1968
+Battle of Dili – 1975 – Indonesian invasion of East Timor
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-2.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-2.md
@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 3/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Croatia ==
+Battle of Cibalae - 316 - Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
+Battle of Mursa Major - 351 - Roman civil war of 350–353
+Siege of Trsat - 799
+Battle of Makarska - 887 - Croatian–Venetian wars
+Battle of Drava River - 925 - Croatian–Hungarian Wars
+Battle of Syrmia - 960 - Hungarian-Serbian War (c. 960)
+Siege of Zadar (998) - 998 - Croatian–Bulgarian wars
+Siege of Lastovo - 1000 - Croatian–Venetian wars
+Battle of Gvozd Mountain - 1097 - War of the Croatian Succession
+Battle of Pašman - 1190
+Siege of Zara - 1202 - Fourth Crusade
+Battle of Grobnik Field - 1242 - First Mongol invasion of Hungary
+Battle of Curzola - 1298 - War of Curzola
+Battle of Bliska - 1322
+Battle of Una - 1483 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Battle of Vrpile - 1491 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Battle of Krbava Field - 1493 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Battle of Dubica - 1513 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Siege of Knin - 1522 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Siege of Klis - 1536 - Croatian–Ottoman wars
+Battle of Gorjani - 1537 - Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568)
+Battle of Otočac (1543) - 1543 - Croatian–Ottoman wars
+Battle of Slunj - 1584 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Battle of Brest (1592) - 1592 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Battle of Sisak - 1593 - Long Turkish War
+Battle of Brest (1596) - 1596 - Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War
+Siege of Novi Zrin (1664) - 1664 - Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)
+Relief of Cetingrad - 1790 - Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)
+
+== Cuba ==
+
+Battle of Pinos – 1596 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
+Raid on Santiago de Cuba (1603) – 1603 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
+Battle in the Bay of Matanzas – 1628 – Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648 (Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War) [European wars of religion]
+Invasion of Cuba (1741) – 1741 – War of Jenkins' Ear (War of the Austrian Succession)
+Battle of Santiago de Cuba (1748) – 1748 – War of Jenkins' Ear (War of the Austrian Succession)
+Battle of Havana (1748) – 1748 – War of Jenkins' Ear (War of the Austrian Succession)
+Battle of the Windward Passage – 1760 – Seven Years' War
+Siege of Havana – 1762 – Anglo-Spanish War (1762–1763) (Seven Years' War)
+Action of 17 February 1783 – 1783 – American Revolutionary War
+Action of 23 August 1806 – 1806 – Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808) (French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Las Guasimas – 1874 – Ten Years' War
+Battle of San Juan Hill – 1898 – Spanish–American War
+Battle of Santiago de Cuba – 1898 – Spanish–American War
+Battle of Santa Clara – 1958–59 – Cuban Revolution
+
+== Cyprus ==
+
+== Czech Republic ==
+Battle at Brůdek - 1040
+Battle of Chlumec - 1126 - War of Bohemian Succession (1125–1126)
+Battle of Vysoká - 1142
+Battle of Loděnice (1179) – 1179
+Battle of Olomouc - 1253
+Battle of Vyšehrad – 1419
+Battle of Živohoště – 1419
+Battle of Nekmíř – 1419
+Battle of Sudoměř – 1420
+Battle of Vítkov Hill – 1420
+Battle of Tábor – 1420
+Battle of Brüx – 1421
+Battle of Kutná Hora – 1421
+Battle of Nebovidy – 1422
+Battle of Německý Brod – 1422
+Battle of Hořice – 1423
+Battle of Aussig – 1426
+Battle of Tachov – 1427
+Battle of Kratzau – 1428
+Battle of Domažlice – 1431
+Siege of Pilsen (1433–1434) – 1433 – 1434
+Battle of Lipany or Battle of Český Brod – 1434
+Battle of Křeč – 1435
+Battle of Sellnitz – 1438
+Siege of Pilsen or siege of Plzeň – 1618 – Bohemian Revolt (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Lomnice or Battle of Lomnice nad Lužnicí – 1618 – Bohemian Revolt (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Sablat or Battle of Záblatí – 1619 – Bohemian Revolt (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Wisternitz or Battle of Dolní Věstonice – 1619 – Bohemian Revolt (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of White Mountain – 1620 – Bohemian Revolt (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Neu Titschein – 1621 – Bohemian Revolt (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Preßnitz – 1641 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Jankau – 1645 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Triebl – 1647 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Prague (1648) – 1648 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Prague (1741) – 1741 – War of the Austrian Succession
+Battle of Chotusitz – 1742 – First Silesian War (War of the Austrian Succession and Silesian Wars)
+Battle of Sahay – 1742 – War of the Austrian Succession
+Siege of Prague (1742) – 1742 – War of the Austrian Succession
+Battle of Soor – 1745 – Second Silesian War (War of the Austrian Succession and Silesian Wars)
+Battle of Lobositz – 1756 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Reichenberg – 1757 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Prague – 1757 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Siege of Prague – 1757 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Kolín – 1757 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Siege of Olomouc – 1758 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Domstadtl – 1758 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Peterswalde – 1759 – Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War)
+Battle of Wischau – 1805 – War of the Third Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Austerlitz – 1805 – War of the Third Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Znaim – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Kulm – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Second Battle of Kulm – 1813 – German campaign of 1813 (War of the Sixth Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Königgrätz (also Battle of Sadová) – 1866
+Prague Offensive – 1945
+
+== Denmark ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-20.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-20.md
@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 21/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Iran ==
+Battle of Diyala River – 693 BC – Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
+Battle of Ulai – c. 653 BC – Assyrian conquest of Elam
+Battle of Susa – 647 BC – Assyrian conquest of Elam
+Battle of Hyrba – 552 BC – Wars of Cyrus the Great
+Battle of the Persian Border – c. 551 BC – Wars of Cyrus the Great
+Battle of Pasargadae – c. 550 BC – Wars of Cyrus the Great
+Battle of the Uxian Defile – 331 BC – Wars of Alexander the Great
+Battle of the Persian Gate – 330 BC – Wars of Alexander the Great
+Battle of Paraitakene – 317 BC – Second War of the Diadochi
+Battle of Gabiene – 315 BC – Second War of the Diadochi
+Battle of Ecbatana – 129 BC – Seleucid–Parthian Wars
+Battle of Hormozdgan – 224
+Battle of Avarayr – 451
+Battle of the Blarathon – 591 – Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591 (Roman–Persian Wars) and Sasanian civil war of 589–591
+Siege of Shushtar – 641 – 642 – Muslim conquest of Khuzestan (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Siege of Gundishapur – 642 – Muslim conquest of Khuzestan (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Nahavand – 642 – Muslim conquest of Central Persia (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Spahan – 642 – Muslim conquest of Central Persia (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Waj Rudh – 642 or 643 – Muslim conquest of Central Persia (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Bayrudh – 643 or 644 – Muslim conquest of Khuzestan (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Bishapur (643–644) – 643 – 644 – Muslim conquest of Pars (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Istakhr (650–653) – 650 – 653 – Muslim conquest of Pars (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Ray (651) – 651 – Muslim conquest of Central Persia (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Nishapur – 652 – Muslim conquest of Khorasan (Muslim conquest of Persia)
+Battle of Marj Ardabil - 730 - Second Arab–Khazar War
+Battle of Ray (811) - 811 - Fourth Fitna
+Battle of Iskhabad - 940 - Samanid–Ziyarid Wars
+Battle of Damghan (1063) – 1063 – Seljuk Civil War
+Battle of Kerj Abu Dulaf – 1073 – Seljuk Civil War
+Battle of Rey - 1095
+Siege of Shahdiz - 1107 - Nizari–Seljuk conflicts
+Battle of Saveh - 1119
+Battle of Rey - 1194 - Seljuk-Khwarazmian Wars
+Battle of Nishapur - 1201 - Ghurid conquest of Khorasan
+Battle of Mount Siyalan - 1256 - Mongol conquest of Persia and Mesopotamia
+Siege of Firuzkuh - 1256 - Mongol conquest of Persia and Mesopotamia
+Siege of Maymun-Diz - 1256 - Mongol conquest of Persia and Mesopotamia
+Siege of Alamut - 1256 - Mongol conquest of Persia and Mesopotamia
+Battle of Zava – 1342
+Siege of Isfahan (1387) – 1387 – Timurid conquests and invasions
+Battle of Damghan (1447) – 1447 – Timurid wars of succession
+Battle of Nishapur (1447) – 1447 – Timurid wars of succession
+Battle of Farhadgerd – 1449 – Timurid wars of succession
+Battle of Sarakhs (1459) – 1459 – Timurid wars of succession
+Portuguese conquest of Hormuz - 1507 - Portuguese–Safavid wars
+Battle of Chaldiran – 1514 – Ottoman–Persian Wars
+Battle of the Strait of Hormuz (1553) – 1553 – Ottoman campaign against Hormuz (Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559)) [Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations]
+Battle of the Gulf of Oman – 1554 – Ottoman campaign against Hormuz (Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1559)) [Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations]
+Battle of Leitao Coast - 1586
+Safavid capture of Tabriz (1603) – 1603 – Ottoman–Safavid War (1603–1618) (Ottoman–Persian Wars)
+Battle of Urmia (1604) – 1604 – Ottoman–Safavid War (1603–1618) (Ottoman–Persian Wars)
+Battle of Sufiyan – 1605 – Ottoman–Safavid War (1603–1618) (Ottoman–Persian Wars)
+Battle off Hormuz (1625) – 1625 – Dutch–Portuguese War
+Battle of Gulnabad – 1722 – Fall of the Safavid Empire (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Siege of Isfahan – 1722 – Fall of the Safavid Empire (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Peter the Great's capture of Rasht – 1722 – 1723 – Russo-Persian War (1722–1723) (Russo-Persian Wars)
+Battle of Sangan – 1727 – Khorasan campaign of Nader Shah (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Battle of Damghan (1729) – 1729 – Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Battle of Khwar Pass – 1729 – Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Battle of Murche-Khort – 1729 – Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Liberation of Isfahan – 1729 – Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Battle of Zarghan – 1730 – Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne (Campaigns of Nader Shah)
+Battle of Aslanduz – 1812 – Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-21.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-21.md
@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 22/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Iraq ==
+Battle of Diyala River – 693 BC – Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
+Battle of Halule – 691 BC – Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
+Siege of Babylon – 689 BC – Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
+Fall of Tarbisu – 615 BC – Medo-Babylonian conquest of the Assyrian Empire
+Fall of Assur – 614 BC – Medo-Babylonian conquest of the Assyrian Empire
+Battle of Nineveh (612 BC) – Medo-Babylonian conquest of the Assyrian Empire
+Battle of Opis – 539 BC – Wars of Cyrus the Great
+Fall of Babylon – 539 BC – Wars of Cyrus the Great
+Battle of Gaugamela – 331 BC – Wars of Alexander the Great
+First siege of Babylon (311 BC) – 311 BC – Babylonian War (Wars of the Diadochi)
+Battle of the Tigris – 311 BC – Babylonian War (Wars of the Diadochi)
+Second siege of Babylon (310 BC) – 310 BC – Babylonian War (Wars of the Diadochi)
+Third siege of Babylon (309 BC) – 309 BC – Babylonian War (Wars of the Diadochi)
+Battle of the 25 of Abu – 309 BC – Babylonian War (Wars of the Diadochi)
+Battle of Ctesiphon (165) – 165 – Roman–Parthian War of 161–166 (Roman–Parthian Wars)
+Battle of Ctesiphon (198) – 198 – Roman–Persian Wars
+Fall of Hatra – 240 – 241 – Roman–Persian Wars
+Battle of Misiche – 244 – Roman–Persian Wars
+Battle of Ctesiphon (263) – 263 – Roman–Persian Wars
+Battle of Singara (344) – 344 – Perso-Roman wars of 337–361 (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Siege of Singara (360) - 360 - Perso-Roman wars of 337–361 (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Siege of Pirisabora – 363 – Julian's Persian expedition (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Siege of Maiozamalcha – 363 – Julian's Persian expedition (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Battle of Ctesiphon (363) – 363 – Julian's Persian expedition (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Battle of Maranga – 363 – Julian's Persian expedition (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Battle of Samarra (363) – 363 – Julian's Persian expedition (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Sack of al-Hirah - 575
+Battle of Dhi Qar - 604
+Battle of Nineveh (627) – 627 – Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Siege of Ctesiphon (629) – 629 – Sasanian civil war of 628–632
+Battle of River – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Walaja – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Ullais – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Hira – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of al-Anbar – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Ayn al-Tamr – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Husayd – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Muzayyah – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Saniyy – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Zumail – 633 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Firaz – 634 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Babylon (634) – 634 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Namaraq – 634 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Kaskar – 634 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of the Bridge – 634 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Buwaib – 634 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of al-Qadisiyyah – 636 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Burs – 636 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Babylon (636) – 636 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Siege of Ctesiphon (637) – 637 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of Jalula – 637 – Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
+Battle of the Camel – 656 – First Fitna
+Battle of Nahrawan – 658 – First Fitna
+Battle of Karbala – 680 – Second Fitna
+Battle of Khazir – 686 – Second Fitna
+Battles of Madhar and Harura – 686 – Second Fitna
+Battle of Maskin – 691 – Second Fitna
+Battle of Dayr al-Jamajim - 703
+Battle of Aqr - 720
+Battle of Rupar Thutha - 746
+Siege of Wasit - 749 - Abbasid revolution
+Battle of the Zab - 750 - Abbasid revolution
+Battle of Bakhamra - 762 - Alid revolt of 762–763
+Siege of Baghdad (812–813) – 812 – 813 – Fourth Fitna
+Siege of Baghdad (865) – 865 – Abbasid civil war (865–866)
+Battle of the Barges – 869 – Zanj Rebellion
+Battle of Basra (871) – 871 – Zanj Rebellion
+Battle of Dayr al-Aqul - 876
+Sack of Basra (923) - 923 - Qarmatian—Abbasid wars
+Qarmatian raid into Upper Mesopotamia - 928 - Qarmatian invasion of Iraq
+Battle of al-Mada'in - 942
+Battle of Baghdad (946) – 946 – Buyid-Hamdanid Wars
+Battle of Sinjar - 1057
+Battle of Khabur River - 1107
+Siege of Baghdad (1136) – 1136 – Abbasid-Seljuq Wars
+Siege of Baghdad (1157) – 1157 – Abbasid-Seljuq Wars
+Siege of Baghdad (1258) – 1258 – Mongol invasions and conquests
+Capture of Mosul (1517) – 1517 – Ottoman–Persian Wars
+Capture of Baghdad (1534) – 1534 – Ottoman–Safavid War (1532–1555) (Ottoman–Persian Wars)
+Capture of Baghdad (1624) – 1624 – Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–1639) (Ottoman–Persian Wars)
+Capture of Baghdad (1638) – 1638 – Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–1639) (Ottoman–Persian Wars)
+Siege of Baghdad (1733) – 1733 – Nader Shah's Mesopotamian campaign (Ottoman–Persian War (1730–1735))
+Battle of Samarra (1733) – 1733 – Nader Shah's Mesopotamian campaign (Ottoman–Persian War (1730–1735))
+Battle of Kirkuk (1733) – 1733 – Nader Shah's Mesopotamian campaign (Ottoman–Persian War (1730–1735))
+Wahhabi sack of Karbala – 1802
+Battle of Ctesiphon (1915) – 1915 – Mesopotamian campaign (World War I)
+Iran–Iraq War, 1980–88
+Invasion of Kuwait, 1990
+Gulf War, 1990–91
+Iraq War
+
+== Ireland ==
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-22.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-22.md
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 23/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Israel ==
+Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC) –  1457 BC – Thutmose III's first campaign in the Levant
+Siege of Azekah – 701 BC – Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant
+Siege of Lachish – 701 BC – Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant
+Assyrian siege of Jerusalem – 701 BC – Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant
+Fall of Ashdod – c. 655 BC – Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
+Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC) – c. 597 BC – Judah's revolts against Babylon
+Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC) – 589 BC – 587 BC – Judah's revolts against Babylon
+Battle of Panium – 200 BC – Fifth Syrian War
+Battle of Adasa – 161 BC – Maccabean Revolt
+Battle of Cana – 84 BC
+Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC) – 63 BC – Third Mithridatic War (Mithridatic Wars) and Hasmonean Civil War
+Siege of Sepphoris (66) – 66 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Sack of Jaffa (66) – 66 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Battle of Geva – 66 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Battle of Beth Horon (66) – 66 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Pillage of Ein Gedi – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Sepphoris (67) – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Battle of Arrab – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Yodfat – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Gamla – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Battle of Mount Tabor (67) – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Gush Halav – 67 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Zealot Temple Siege – 68 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE) – 70 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Masada – 73 – 74 – First Jewish–Roman War
+Siege of Caesarea Maritima (614) – 614 – Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem – 614 – Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 (Roman–Persian Wars)
+Battle of Ajnadayn – 634 – Muslim conquest of the Levant (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Fahl – 635 – Muslim conquest of the Levant (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Siege of Jerusalem (636–637) – 636 – 637 or 638 – Muslim conquest of the Levant (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Siege of Jerusalem (1099) – 1099 – First Crusade (Crusades)
+Battle of Ascalon – 1099 – First Crusade (Crusades)
+First siege of Arsuf – 1099 – Crusades
+Battle of Ramla (1101) – 1101 – Crusades
+Battle of Ramla (1102) – 1102 – Crusades
+Siege of Acre (1104) – 1104 – Crusades
+Battle of Ramla (1105) – 1105 – Crusades
+Battle of al-Sannabra – 1113 – Crusades
+Battle of Yibneh – 1123 – Crusades
+Siege of Ascalon – 1153 – Crusades
+Battle of Lake Huleh (1157) – 1157 – Crusades
+Battle of Montgisard – 1177 – Crusades
+Siege of Jacob's Ford – 1179 – Crusades
+Battle of Belvoir Castle – 1182 – Crusades
+Battle of al-Fule – 1183 – Crusades
+Battle of Cresson – 1187 – Crusades
+Battle of Hattin – 1187 – Crusades
+Siege of Jerusalem (1187) – 1187 – Crusades
+Siege of Safed (1188) – 1188 – Crusades
+Siege of Acre (1189–1191) – 1189 – 1191 – Third Crusade (Crusades)
+Battle of Arsuf – 1191 – Third Crusade (Crusades)
+Battle of Jaffa (1192) – 1192 – Third Crusade (Crusades)
+Battle of Acre (1258) – 1258 – War of Saint Sabas
+Battle of Ain Jalut – 1260 – Mongol invasions of the Levant
+Fall of Arsuf – 1265 – Crusades
+Fall of Caesarea – 1265 – Crusades
+Fall of Haifa (1265) – 1265 – Crusades
+Siege of Safed (1266) – 1266 – Crusades
+Siege of Acre (1291) – 1291 – Crusades
+Siege of Jaffa – 1799 – French campaign in Egypt and Syria (War of the Second Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Siege of Acre (1799) – 1799 – French campaign in Egypt and Syria (War of the Second Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Mount Tabor (1799) – 1799 – French campaign in Egypt and Syria (War of the Second Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Siege of Jerusalem (1834) – 1834 – Peasants' revolt in Palestine
+1834 looting of Safed – 1834 – Peasants' revolt in Palestine
+Battle of Acre (1840) – 1840 – Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841)
+Battle of Megiddo (1918) – 1918 – World War I
+Battle of Sharon – 1918 – World War I
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-23.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-23.md
@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 24/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Italy ==
+Battle of Cumae – 524 BC
+Battle of Lake Regillus – c. 496 BC – Latin War (498–493 BC) (Roman–Latin wars)
+Battle of Himera (480 BC) – 480 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of the Cremera – 477 BC – Roman–Etruscan Wars
+Battle of Cumae – 474 BC
+Battle of Mount Algidus – 458 BC – Roman–Italic wars
+Battle of the Himera River (446 BC) – 446 BC
+Battle of Corbio – 446 BC – Rome's early Italian campaigns
+Capture of Fidenae (435 BC) – 435 BC – Rome's early Italian campaigns
+Battle of Selinus – 409 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Himera (409 BC) – 409 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Siege of Akragas (406 BC) – 406 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Gela (405 BC) – 405 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Sack of Camarina – 405 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Siege of Motya – 398 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Siege of Segesta (397 BC) – 398 BC or 397 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Messene – 397 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Catana (397 BC) – 397 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Siege of Syracuse (397 BC) – 397 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Veii – c. 396 BC – Roman–Etruscan Wars
+Siege of Tauromenium (394 BC) – 394 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Abacaenum – 393 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Chrysas – 392 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of the Allia – 387 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Cabala – between 378 BC to 375 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Cronium – c.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-24.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-24.md
@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 25/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+376 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of the Anio River (361 BC) – 361 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Pedum (358 BC) – Roman–Gallic wars
+Siege of Syracuse (343 BC) – 344 BC – 343 BC or 342 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Vesuvius – 340 BC – Latin War
+Battle of Trifanum – 340 BC – Latin War
+Battle of Mount Gaurus – 339 BC – First Samnite War
+Battle of Saticula – 339 BC – First Samnite War
+Battle of Suessula – 339 BC – First Samnite War
+Battle of the Crimissus – 339 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Pedum (338 BC) – 338 BC – Latin War
+Capture of Neapolis – 327 BC – Second Samnite war
+Battle of Imbrinium – 325 BC – Second Samnite war
+Battle of the Caudine Forks – 321 BC – Second Samnite war
+Battle of Lautulae – 315 BC – Second Samnite war
+Battle of the Himera River (311 BC) – 311 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Siege of Syracuse (311–309 BC) – 311 BC – 309 BC – Sicilian Wars
+Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC) – 310 BC – Second Samnite war
+Battle of Bovianum – 305 BC – Second Samnite war
+Battle of Tifernum – 297 BC – Third Samnite War
+Battle of Camerinum – 295 BC – Third Samnite War
+Battle of Sentinum – 295 BC – Third Samnite War
+Battle of Aquilonia – 293 BC – Third Samnite War
+Battle of Arretium – 284 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Lake Vadimo (283 BC) – 283 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Heraclea – 280 BC – Pyrrhic War
+Battle of Asculum – 279 BC – Pyrrhic War
+Siege of Syracuse (278 BC) – 278 BC – Sicilian Wars and Pyrrhic War
+Siege of Lilybaeum (278 BC) – 278 BC – Sicilian Wars and Pyrrhic War
+Battle of the Cranita hills – 277 BC – Pyrrhic War
+Battle of the Strait of Messina – 276 BC – Sicilian Wars and Pyrrhic War
+Battle of Beneventum (275 BC) – 275 BC – Pyrrhic War
+Battle of Messana – 264 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Agrigentum – 262 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of the Lipari Islands – 260 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Mylae – 260 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Thermae – 259 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Sulci – 258 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Tyndaris – 257 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Cape Ecnomus – 256 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Panormus – 250 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Siege of Lilybaeum (250–241 BC) – 250 BC – 241 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Drepana – 249 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Phintias – 249 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Siege of Drepana – 249 BC – 241 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of the Aegates – 241 BC – First Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Faesulae (225 BC) – 225 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Telamon – 225 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Clastidium – 222 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Lilybaeum – 218 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Ticinus – 218 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of the Trebia – 218 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Lake Trasimene – 217 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Ager Falernus – 217 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Geronium – 217 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Cannae – 216 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Silva Litana – 216 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars) and Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Nola (216 BC) – 216 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Nola (215 BC) – 215 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Decimomannu – 215 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Beneventum (214 BC) – 214 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Nola (214 BC) – 214 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Siege of Syracuse (213–212 BC) – 213 BC – 212 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Tarentum (212 BC) – 212 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Beneventum (212 BC) – 212 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Capua – 212 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of the Silarus – 212 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Herdonia (212 BC) – 212 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Siege of Capua (211 BC) – 211 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Herdonia (210 BC) – 210 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Numistro – 210 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Canusium – 209 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Tarentum (209 BC) – 209 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Petelia – 208 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Grumentum – 207 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of the Metaurus – 207 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Crotona – 204 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Insubria – 203 BC – Second Punic War (Punic Wars)
+Battle of Cremona (200 BC) – 200 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Placentia (194 BC) – 194 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Mutina (193 BC) – 193 BC – Roman–Gallic wars
+Battle of Tridentum – 102 BC – Cimbrian War (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Vercellae – 101 BC – Cimbrian War (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Acerrae – 90 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Aesernia – 90 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Taenum – 90 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of the Tolenus River – 90 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Mount Falernus – 90 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Firmum – 90 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Asculum (89 BC) – 89 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Canusium (89 BC) – 89 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Fucine Lake – 89 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Nola (89 BC) – 89 BC – Social War (91–87 BC)
+Battle of Mount Tifata – 83 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of the Asio River (82 BC) – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of Sacriportus – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of Sena Gallica (82 BC) – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+First Battle of Clusium (82 BC) – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of Faventia (82 BC) – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of Fidentia (82 BC) – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Second Battle of Clusium – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of the Colline Gate – 82 BC – Sulla's civil war
+Battle of Mount Vesuvius – 73 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Battle of Lentula – 72 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Battle of Gargano – 72 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Battle of Picenum – 72 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Battle of Mutina (72 BC) – 72 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Battle of Cantenna – 71 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+First Battle of Campania – 71 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Second Battle of Campania – 71 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Battle of the Silarius River – 71 BC – Third Servile War (Servile Wars)
+Siege of Corfinium – 49 BC – Caesar's civil war
+Siege of Brundisium – 49 BC – Caesar's civil war
+Battle of Mutina – 43 BC – War of Mutina
+Battle of Locus Castorum – c.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-25.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-25.md
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 26/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+69 – Year of the Four Emperors
+First Battle of Bedriacum – 69 – Year of the Four Emperors
+Second Battle of Bedriacum – 69 – Year of the Four Emperors
+Siege of Aquileia – 238 – Year of the Six Emperors (Crisis of the Third Century)
+Battle of Verona (249) – 249 – Crisis of the Third Century
+Battle of Interamna Nahars – 253 – Crisis of the Third Century
+Battle of the Sanguinarian Bridge – 253 – Crisis of the Third Century
+Battle of Mediolanum – 259 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Lake Benacus – 268 or 269 – Roman–Germanic wars and Crisis of the Third Century
+Battle of Placentia (271) – 271 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Fano – 271 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Pavia (271) – 271 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Siege of Segusio – 312 – Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
+Battle of Turin (312) – 312 – Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
+Battle of Brescia (312) – 312 – Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
+Battle of Verona (312) – 312 – Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
+Battle of the Milvian Bridge – 312 – Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
+Siege of Asti (402) – 402 – Gothic War (401–403) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Pollentia – 402 – Gothic War (401–403) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Verona (402) – 402 – Gothic War (401–403) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Florence (405) – 405 – Roman–Germanic wars and Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Faesulae (406) – 406 – Roman–Germanic wars and Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Ostia (409) – 409 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Sack of Rome (410) – 410 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire and Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Rimini (432) – 432 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Sack of Aquileia – 452 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire and Roman–Germanic wars
+Sack of Rome (455) – 455 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire and Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Agrigentum (456) – 456 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire and Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Garigliano – 457 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Campi Cannini – 457 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Bergamo – 464 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Siege of Rome (472) – 472 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Ravenna (475) – 475 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Pavia (476) – 476 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Ravenna (476) – 476 – Roman–Germanic wars and Fall of the Western Roman Empire
+Battle of Isonzo (489) – 489 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of Verona (489) – 489 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Battle of the Adda River – 490 – Roman–Germanic wars
+Siege of Panormus – 535 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Naples (536) – 536 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Rome (537–538) – 537 – 538 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Ariminum (538) – 538 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Urbinus – 538 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Urviventus – c.
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-26.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-26.md
@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 27/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+538 or 539 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Auximus – 539 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Ravenna (539–540) – 539 – 540 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Treviso – 541 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Verona – 541 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Faventia – 542 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Mucellium – 542 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Naples (542–543) – 542 – 543 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Sack of Rome (546) – 546 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Siege of Rome (549–550) – 549 – 550 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Sena Gallica (551) – 551 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Taginae – 552 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Mons Lactarius – 552 or 553 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of the Volturnus – 554 – Gothic War (535–554) (Roman–Germanic wars)
+Battle of Forino - 663
+Battle of Coronate - 689
+Battle of Ravenna (729) - 729
+Siege of Pavia (773–774) - 773
+Siege of Syracuse (827–828) – 827 – 828 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Siege of Syracuse (868) – 868 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Siege of Syracuse (877–878) – 877 – 878 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Stelai – 880 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Taranto (880) - 880 - Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Taormina - 881 - Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Caltavuturo – 881 or 882 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Milazzo (888) – 888 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Brenta – 899 – Hungarian invasions of Europe
+Siege of Taormina (902) – 902 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Garigliano – 915 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Battle of Fiorenzuola - 923
+Siege of Taormina (962) – 962 – Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of the Straits – 965 – Arab–Byzantine wars
+Siege of Rometta - 965 - Muslim conquest of Sicily (Arab–Byzantine wars)
+Battle of Stilo - 982
+Battle of Cannae (1018) – 1018 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Olivento – 1041 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Montemaggiore – 1041 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Montepeloso – 1041 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Civitate – 1053 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Cerami – 1063 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Misilmeri – 1068 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Siege of Bari – 1068 – 1071 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Siege of Taormina (1078) – 1078 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Volta Mantovana (1080) - 1080 - Investiture Controversy
+Sack of Rome (1084) – 1084 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Sorbara - 1084 - Investiture Controversy
+Siege of Capua – 1098 – Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Nocera - 1132 - Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Rignano - 1137 - Norman conquest of southern Italy (Byzantine–Norman wars)
+Battle of Vernavola - 1154 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Tortona – 1155 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Brindisi (1156) – 1156 – Byzantine–Norman wars
+Siege of Milan (1158) - 1158 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Crema – 1159 – 1160 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Siziano - 1159 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Carcano - 1160 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Milan (1162) - 1161/2 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Monte Porzio – 1167 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Alexandria (1175) - 1175 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Legnano – 1176 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Calcinato (1201) – 1201 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of San Cesario - 1229 - Lombard League civil war
+Battle of Cortenuova – 1237 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Brescia – 1238 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Faenza – 1240 – 1241 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Giglio (1241) – 1241 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Viterbo – 1243 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Parma – 1248 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Fossalta – 1249 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Cingoli – 1250 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Montebruno - 1255 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Cassano (1259) – 1259 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Montaperti – 1260 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Benevento – 1266 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Trapani – 1266 – War of Saint Sabas
+Battle of Tagliacozzo – 1268 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Colle Val d'Elsa – 1269 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Roccavione – 1275 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Desio – 1277 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Forlì – 1282 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of the Gulf of Naples – 1284 – War of the Sicilian Vespers
+Battle of Meloria (1284) - 1284 - Genoese-Pisan Wars
+Battle of the Counts – 1287 – War of the Sicilian Vespers
+Battle of Pieve al Toppo – 1288 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Campaldino – 1289 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Cape Orlando – 1299 – War of the Sicilian Vespers
+Battle of Falconaria – 1299 – War of the Sicilian Vespers
+Battle of Ponza (1300) – 1300 – War of the Sicilian Vespers
+Siege of Brescia (1311) - 1311 - Italienzug
+Battle of Soncino - 1312 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Montecatini - 1315 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Mirandola (1321) – 1321
+Battle of Bardi - 1321 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Siege of Villa di Chiesa - 1323 - Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
+Battle of Lucocisterna - 1324 - Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
+Battle of Zappolino – 1325 – War of the Bucket (Guelphs and Ghibellines)
+Battle of San Felice - 1332 - Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Parabiago - 1339
+Battle of Gamenario – 1345 – Guelphs and Ghibellines
+Battle of Porta San Lorenzo - 1347 - Cola di Rienzo conflict
+Siege of Mirandola (1355) – 1355
+Battle of Campo delle Mosche - 1359
+Battle of Cascina - 1364
+Battle of Montichiari - 1373
+Cesena Bloodbath - 1375 - War of the Eight Saints
+Battle of Cape d'Anzio – 1378 – War of Chioggia (Venetian–Genoese wars)
+Battle of Lido and Brondolo – 1379 – War of Chioggia (Venetian–Genoese wars)
+Battle of Chioggia – 1380 – War of Chioggia (Venetian–Genoese wars)
+Battle of Castagnaro - 1387
+Battle of Alessandria - 1391 - Florentine–Milanese Wars
+Battle of Portomaggiore - 1395
+Battle of Casalecchio - 1402 - Third Florentine–Milanese War
+Battle of Sanluri - 1409 - Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
+Battle of Roccasecca - 1411
+War of L'Aquila - 1424
+Battle of Zagonara – 1424 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of Maclodio – 1427 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of Soncino – 1431 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle on the Po (1431) – 1431 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of San Romano – 1432 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of Delebio – 1432 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of Ponza (1435) - 1435 - Aragonese conquest of Naples
+Battle of Anghiari – 1440 – Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of Bosco Marengo – 1447 – Milanese War of Succession (Wars in Lombardy)
+Battle of Caravaggio – 1448 – Milanese War of Succession (Wars in Lombardy)
+First siege of Pontevico - 1452 - Wars in Lombardy
+Second siege of Pontevico - 1453 - Wars in Lombardy
+Siege of Orzinuovi - 1453 - Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of Ghedi – 1453 – Milanese War of Succession (Wars in Lombardy)
+Third siege of Pontevico - 1453 - Wars in Lombardy
+Battle of the Sarno - 1460 - War of Neapolitan Succession
+Battle of Genoa - 1461
+Battle of Troia - 1462 - Conspiracy of the Barons
+Battle of Molinella - 1467
+Battle of Macomer - 1478 - Aragonese conquest of Sardinia
+Battle of Poggio Imperiale - 1479
+Battle of Otranto – 1480 – 1481 – Ottoman–Hungarian wars (Ottoman wars in Europe)
+Battle of Campomorto - 1482 - War of Ferrara (1482–1484)
+Battle of Calliano (1487) - 1487
+Battle of Rapallo – 1494 – Italian War of 1494–1495 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Rapallo (1495) – 1495 – Italian War of 1494–1495 (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Novara (1495) – 1495 – Italian War of 1494–1495 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Seminara – 1495 – Italian War of 1494–1495 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Fornovo – 1495 – Italian War of 1494–1495 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Novara (1500) – 1500 – Italian Wars of 1499–1504 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Ruvo – 1503 – Italian Wars of 1499–1504 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Seminara (1503) – 1503 – Italian Wars of 1499–1504 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Cerignola – 1503 – Italian Wars of 1499–1504 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Garigliano (1503) – 1503 – Italian Wars of 1499–1504 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Cadore – 1508 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Agnadello – 1509 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Padua – 1509 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Polesella – 1509 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Mirandola (1511) – 1511 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Sack of Brescia - 1512 - War of the League of Cambrai
+Battle of Ravenna (1512) – 1512 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Novara (1513) – 1513 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Battle of La Motta (1513) or Battle of Schio or Battle of Vicenza or Battle of Creazzo – 1513 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Marignano – 1515 – War of the League of Cambrai (Italian Wars)
+War of Urbino - 1516 - War of the League of Cambrai
+Battle of Pianosa - 1519
+Battle of Vaprio d'Adda (1521) - 1521 - Italian War of 1521–1526
+Battle of Bicocca – 1522 – Italian War of 1521–1526 (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Genoa (1522) – 1522 – Italian War of 1521–1526 (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Pavia (1522) - 1522 - Italian War of 1521–1526
+Battle of the Sesia (1524) – 1524 – Italian War of 1521–1526 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Dubino - 1525 - Musso War
+Battle of Pavia – 1525 – Italian War of 1521–1526 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Camollia - 1526 - War of the League of Cognac
+Battle of Governolo (1526) - 1526 - War of the League of Cognac
+Sack of Rome (1527) – 1527 – War of the League of Cognac (Italian Wars)
+Sack of Pavia (1527) - 1527 - War of the League of Cognac
+Siege of Melfi - 1528 - War of the League of Cognac
+Siege of Catanzaro - 1528 - War of the League of Cognac
+Siege of Naples (1528) – 1528 – War of the League of Cognac (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Capo d'Orso – 1528 – War of the League of Cognac (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Monopoli - 1529 - War of the League of Cognac
+Battle of Landriano – 1529 – War of the League of Cognac (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Florence (1529–1530) – 1529 – 1530 – War of the League of Cognac (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Gavinana – 1530 – War of the League of Cognac (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Ceresole – 1544 – Italian War of 1542–1546 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Serravalle (1544) – 1544 – Italian War of 1542–1546 (Italian Wars)
+Siege of Mirandola (1551) – 1551 – 1552 – Italian War of 1551–1559 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Ponza (1552) – 1552 – Italian War of 1551–1559 (Italian Wars) and Ottoman–Habsburg wars (Ottoman wars in Europe)
+Battle of Marciano or Battle of Scannagallo – 1554 – Italian War of 1551–1559 (Italian Wars)
+Battle of Pantelleria (1586) – 1586 – Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
+Relief of Genoa – 1625 – Thirty Years' War
+Battle of Villabuona – 1630 – War of the Mantuan Succession (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Veillane – 1630 – War of the Mantuan Succession (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Tornavento – 1636 – Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) (Thirty Years' War)
+Siege of Turin (1640) – 1640 – Piedmontese Civil War (Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)) [Thirty Years' War]
+Battle of Orbetello – 1646 – Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) (Thirty Years' War)
+Battle of Elba – 1652 – First Anglo-Dutch War (Anglo-Dutch Wars)
+Battle of Leghorn – 1653 – First Anglo-Dutch War (Anglo-Dutch Wars)
+Battle of Stromboli – 1676 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Augusta – 1676 – Franco-Dutch War
+Battle of Palermo – 1676 – Franco-Dutch War
+Bombardment of Genoa – 1684 – War of the Reunions
+Battle of Staffarda – 1690 – Nine Years' War
+Siege of Cuneo (1691) – 1691 – Nine Years' War
+Battle of Marsaglia – 1693 – Nine Years' War
+Battle of Carpi – 1701 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Chiari – 1701 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Cremona – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Santa Vittoria – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Luzzara – 1702 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Cassano (1705) – 1705 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Calcinato – 1706 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Siege of Turin – 1706 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Castiglione (1706) – 1706 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Siege of Gaeta (1707) – 1707 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Syracuse (1710) – 1710 – War of the Spanish Succession
+Battle of Cape Passaro – 1718 – War of the Quadruple Alliance
+Battle of Milazzo (1718) – 1718 – War of the Quadruple Alliance
+Battle of Francavilla – 1719 – War of the Quadruple Alliance
+Siege of Pizzighettone – 1733 – War of the Polish Succession
+Siege of Gaeta (1734) – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Siege of Capua (1734) – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Battle of Bitonto – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Battle of Colorno – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Battle of San Pietro – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Battle of Guastalla – 1734 – War of the Polish Succession
+Raid on Genoa – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Action of 22 October 1793 – 1793 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+First Battle of Dego – 1794 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Genoa (1795) – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Loano – 1795 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Voltri – 1796 – Montenotte campaign (War of the First Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Montenotte – 1796 – Montenotte campaign (War of the First Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Millesimo – 1796 – Montenotte campaign (War of the First Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Second Battle of Dego – 1796 – Montenotte campaign (War of the First Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Ceva – 1796 – Montenotte campaign (War of the First Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Mondovì – 1796 – Montenotte campaign (War of the First Coalition) [French Revolutionary Wars]
+Battle of Fombio – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Lodi – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Borghetto – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Mantua (1796–1797) – 1796 – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Lonato – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Castiglione – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Peschiera – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Rovereto – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Bassano – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Second Battle of Bassano – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Calliano – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Caldiero (1796) – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Arcole – 1796 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Rivoli – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Faenza – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Valvasone (1797) – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Tarvis (1797) – 1797 – War of the First Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Verona (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Mantua (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Magnano – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Cassano (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Bassignana (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+First Battle of Marengo (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Modena (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Trebbia (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Second Battle of Marengo (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Novi (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Second Battle of Novi (1799) – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Genola – 1799 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Genoa (1800) – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Fort Bard – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Montebello (1800) – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Marengo – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Pozzolo – 1800 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Siege of Porto Ferrajo – 1801 – War of the Second Coalition (French Revolutionary Wars)
+Battle of Verona (1805) – 1805 – War of the Third Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Caldiero (1805) – 1805 – War of the Third Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Castelfranco Veneto – 1805 – War of the Third Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Siege of Gaeta (1806) – 1806 – Invasion of Naples (1806) (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Campo Tenese – 1806 – Invasion of Naples (1806) (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Maida – 1806 – Invasion of Naples (1806) (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Mileto – 1807 – Invasion of Naples (1806) (War of the Third Coalition) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Sacile – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Caldiero (1809) – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Piave River (1809) – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Tarvis (1809) – 1809 – War of the Fifth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of Caldiero (1813) – 1813 – War of the Sixth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of the Mincio River (1814) – 1814 – War of the Sixth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Siege of Genoa (1814) – 1814 – War of the Sixth Coalition (Napoleonic Wars)
+Battle of the Panaro – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Occhiobello – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Carpi (1815) – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Casaglia – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Ronco – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Cesenatico – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Pesaro – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Scapezzano – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Tolentino – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Siege of Ancona – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Castel di Sangro – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of San Germano – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Siege of Gaeta (1815) – 1815 – Neapolitan War (Hundred Days) [Napoleonic Wars]
+Battle of Goito Bridge – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Skirmish of Pastrengo (1848) – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Santa Lucia – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Goito – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Custoza (1848) – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Volta Mantovana (1848) – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Mestre – 1848 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Mortara – 1849 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Novara (1849) – 1849 – First Italian War of Independence
+Battle of Solferino – 1859
+Battle of the Piave River – 1918
+Battle of Anzio – 1944
+Battle of Salerno – 1943
+Battle of Monte Cassino – 1944
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-27.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-27.md
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 28/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Jamaica ==
+Invasion of Jamaica – 1655 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) (Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)) [Thirty Years' War]
+Battle of Ocho Rios – 1657 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) (Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)) [Thirty Years' War]
+Battle of Rio Nuevo – 1658 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) (Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)) [Thirty Years' War]
+Action of 15 January 1782 – 1782 – American Revolutionary War
+Action of 17 February 1783 – 1783 – American Revolutionary War
--- a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-28.md
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location-28.md
@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+---
+title: "List of battles by geographic location"
+chunk: 29/61
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_geographic_location"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T08:05:45.537530+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+== Japan ==
+Battle of Shigisan - 587 - Soga–Mononobe conflict
+Battle of Sufuse - 789 - Thirty-Eight Years' War
+Siege of Kuriyagawa - 1062 - Former Nine Years' War
+Battle of Uji (1180) – 1180 – Genpei War
+Siege of Nara – 1180 – Genpei War
+Battle of Ishibashiyama – 1180 – Genpei War
+Battle of Fujigawa – 1180 – Genpei War
+Battle of Sunomata-gawa – 1181 – Genpei War
+Battle of Yahagi-gawa – 1181 – Genpei War
+Siege of Hiuchi – 1183 – Genpei War
+Battle of Kurikara – 1183 – Genpei War
+Battle of Shinohara – 1183 – Genpei War
+Battle of Mizushima – 1183 – Genpei War
+Siege of Fukuryūji – 1183 – Genpei War
+Battle of Muroyama – 1183 – Genpei War
+Siege of Hōjūjidono – 1184 – Genpei War
+Battle of Uji (1184) – 1184 – Genpei War
+Battle of Awazu – 1184 – Genpei War
+Battle of Ichi-no-Tani – 1184 – Genpei War
+Battle of Kojima – 1184 – Genpei War
+Battle of Yashima – 1185 – Genpei War
+Battle of Dan-no-ura – 1185 – Genpei War
+Battle of Uji (1221) - 1221 - Jōkyū War
+Battle of Bun'ei – 1274 – Mongol invasions of Japan
+Battle of Kōan – 1281 – Mongol invasions of Japan
+Siege of Kasagi – 1331 – Genkō War
+Siege of Akasaka – 1331 – Genkō War
+Siege of Chihaya – 1333 – Genkō War
+Battle of Kotesashi (1333) – 1333 – Genkō War
+Battle of Kumegawa – 1333 – Genkō War
+Battle of Bubaigawara – 1333 – Genkō War
+Siege of Kamakura (1333) – 1333 – Genkō War
+Battle of Tatarahama (1336) – 1336 – Nanboku-chō period
+Battle of Minatogawa – 1336 – Nanboku-chō period
+Siege of Kanegasaki (1337) – 1337 – Nanboku-chō period
+Battle of Fujishima – 1338 – Nanboku-chō period
+Siege of Kuromaku – 1339 – Nanboku-chō period
+Battle of Shijōnawate – 1348 – Nanboku-chō period
+Battle of Yawata – 1353 – Nanboku-chō period
+Koshamain's War - 1457 - Colonisation of Hokkaido
+Battle of Sakainehara – 1478 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Gongenyama – 1510 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Arai – 1516 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Arita-Nakaide – 1517 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Edo – 1524 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Nashinokidaira – 1526 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kamakura (1526) – 1526 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Ozawahara – 1530 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Idano – 1535 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Sendanno – 1536 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Un no Kuchi – 1536 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Musashi-Matsuyama (1537) – 1537 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kōnodai (1538) – 1538 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Ichiki Tsurumaru Castle – 1539 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Momotsugi – 1539 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Yoshida-Kōriyama Castle – 1540 – 1541 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kuwabara – 1542 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Fukuyo – 1542 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Ankokuji – 1542 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Azukizaka (1542) – 1542 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Sezawa – 1542 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Uehara – 1542 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Gassantoda Castle (1542) – 1542 – 1543 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Nagakubo – 1543 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kojinyama – 1544 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kōriyama Castle (1544) – 1544 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Ryūgasaki – 1545 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Takatō (1545) – 1545 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kawagoe Castle – 1545 – 1546 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Uchiyama – 1546 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Shika Castle – 1547 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Odaihara – 1547 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kanōguchi – 1547 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Uedahara – 1548 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Shiojiritoge – 1548 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kajiki – 1549 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Fukashi – 1550 – Sengoku period
+Sieges of Toishi – 1550 – 1551 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Akatsuka – 1552 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kiyosu Castle – 1552 – 1554 – Sengoku period
+First Battle of Kawanakajima - 1553 - Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin
+Siege of Katsurao – 1553 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Muraki Castle – 1554 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kiso Fukushima – 1554 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kannomine – 1554 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Matsuo – 1554 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Iwatsurugi Castle – 1554 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Oshikibata – 1554 – Sengoku period
+Second Battle of Kawanakajima - 1555 - Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin
+Battle of Miyajima – 1555 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Nagara-gawa – 1556 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Inō – 1556 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Katsurayama – 1557 – Sengoku period
+Third Battle of Kawanakajima - 1557 - Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin
+Siege of Terabe – 1558 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Ukino – 1558 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Marune – 1560 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Okehazama – 1560 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Norada – 1560 – Sengoku period
+Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima - 1561 - Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin
+Siege of Moji – 1561 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Odawara (1561) – 1561 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kaminogō Castle – 1562 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kyōkōji – 1562 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Musashi-Matsuyama (1563) – 1563 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Azukizaka (1564) – 1564 – Sengoku period
+Fifth Battle of Kawanakajima - 1564 - Campaigns of the Takeda and of Uesugi Kenshin
+Battle of Kōnodai (1564) – 1564 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Gassantoda Castle (1565) – 1565 – 1566 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kuragano – 1565 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Fukuda Bay - 1565 - Portuguese colonial campaigns
+Siege of Minowa – 1566 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Inabayama Castle – 1567 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Hachigata (1568) – 1568 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Torisaka – 1568 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Gassantoda Castle (1569) – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kakegawa – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Odawara (1569) – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Mimasetoge – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kanbara – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Oguchi Castle – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Tachibana – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Tatarahama (1569) – 1569 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Hanazawa – 1570 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Chōkō-ji – 1570 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kanegasaki (1570) – 1570 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Anegawa – 1570 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Fukazawa – 1571 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Nagashima (1571) – 1571 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Mount Hiei – 1571 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Tonegawa – 1571 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Iwamura Castle – 1572 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Futamata – 1572 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kizaki – 1572 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Noda Castle – 1573 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Mikatagahara – 1573 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Nagashima (1573) – 1573 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Hikida Castle – 1573 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Ichijōdani Castle – 1573 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Odani Castle – 1573 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Itami (1574) – 1574 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Nagashima (1574) – 1574 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Takatenjin (1574) – 1574 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Yoshida Castle – 1575 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Nagashino – 1575 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Mitsuji – 1576 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kizugawaguchi (1576) – 1576 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Takabaru – 1576 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Shigisan – 1577 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Tedorigawa – 1577 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kōzuki Castle – 1578 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Otate – 1578 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kizugawaguchi (1578) – 1578 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Miki – 1578 – 1580 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Mimigawa – 1578 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Itami (1579) – 1579 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Mimaomote – 1579 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Omosu – 1580 – Sengoku period
+Ishiyama Hongan-ji War - 1580 - Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga
+Siege of Takatenjin (1581) – 1580 – 1581 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Hijiyama – 1581 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Tottori – 1581 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Minamata Castle – 1581 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Takatō (1582) – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Tenmokuzan – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Takamatsu – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Uchidehama – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Uozu – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Kanagawa – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Honnō-ji Incident - 1582 - Campaigns of Oda Nobunaga
+Battle of Yamazaki – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Nakatomigawa – 1582 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Hiketa – 1583 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Shizugatake – 1583 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Kaganoi – 1584 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Takehana – 1584 – Sengoku period
+First siege of Kanie – 1584 – Sengoku period
+Second siege of Kanie – 1584 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Komaki and Nagakute – 1584 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Okitanawate – 1584 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Negoro-ji – 1585 – Sengoku period
+Invasion of Shikoku (1585) - 1585 - Campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, of the Chōsokabe clan and of the Mōri clan
+Siege of Ōta Castle – 1585 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Toyama – 1585 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Hitotoribashi or Battle of Hitadori Bridge – 1586 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Iwaya Castle – 1586 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Hetsugigawa – 1587 – Kyūshū campaign (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Takajō – 1587 – Kyūshū campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Ganjaku – 1587 – Kyūshū campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Akizuki – 1587 – Kyūshū campaign (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Sendaigawa – 1587 – Kyūshū campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Kagoshima – 1587 – Kyūshū campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Kurokawa Castle – 1589 – Sengoku period
+Battle of Suriagehara – 1589 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Hachigata (1590) – 1590 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Odawara (1590) – 1590 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Shimoda – 1590 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Oshi – 1590 – Sengoku period
+Siege of Ueda – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Fushimi Castle – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Ōtsu – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Shiroishi – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Hataya – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Kaminoyama – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Hasedō – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Tanabe – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Kuisegawa – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Sekigahara – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Udo – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Siege of Yanagawa – 1600 – Sekigahara Campaign (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Shigino – 1614 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Kizugawa – 1614 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Imafuku – 1614 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Kashii – 1615 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Dōmyōji – 1615 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Yao (Japan) – 1615 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Tennōji – 1615 – Siege of Osaka (Sengoku period)
+Battle of Fukae Village – 1637 – Shimabara Rebellion (Edo period)
+Siege of Shimabara Castle – 1637 – 1638 – Shimabara Rebellion (Edo period)
+Battle of Hondo Castle – 1637 – Shimabara Rebellion (Edo period)
+Siege of Tomioka Castle – 1638 – Shimabara Rebellion (Edo period)
+Siege of Hara Castle – 1638 – Shimabara Rebellion (Edo period)
+Battle of Tsushima – 1905 – Russo-Japanese War
+Battle of Iwo Jima – 1945 – World War II
+Battle of Okinawa – 1945 – World War II
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