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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sputnik 1 | 8/8 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_1 | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T13:23:17.580301+00:00 | kb-cron |
=== Models === The Museum of Flight in Seattle, United States has a Sputnik 1, but it has no internal components, though it does have casings and moulded fittings inside (as well as evidence of battery wear), which may be an engineering model. Authenticated by the Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics in Moscow, the unit was auctioned in 2001 and purchased by an anonymous private buyer, who donated it to the museum. The Sputnik 1 EMC/EMI is a class of full-scale laboratory models of the satellite. The models, manufactured by OKB-1 and NII-885 (headed by Mikhail Ryazansky), were introduced on 15 February 1957. They were made to test ground electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and electromagnetic interference (EMI).
=== Replicas === In 1959, the Soviet Union donated a replica of Sputnik to the United Nations. There are other full-size Sputnik replicas (with varying degrees of accuracy) on display in locations around the world, including the National Air and Space Museum in the United States, the Science Museum in the United Kingdom, the Powerhouse Museum in Australia, and outside the Russian embassy in Spain. Three one-third scale student-built replicas of Sputnik 1 were deployed from the Mir space station between 1997 and 1999. The first, named Sputnik 40 to commemorate the fortieth anniversary of the launch of Sputnik 1, was deployed in November 1997. Sputnik 41 was launched a year later, and Sputnik 99 was deployed in February 1999. A fourth replica was launched, but never deployed, and was destroyed when Mir was deorbited.
=== Private owners === Two more Sputniks are claimed to be in the personal collections of American entrepreneurs Richard Garriott and Jay S. Walker.
== See also ==
Yuri Gagarin — Soviet cosmonaut and first human to journey into outer space Donald B. Gillies — one of the first to calculate the Sputnik 1 orbit Kerim Kerimov — one of the architects behind Sputnik 1 Valentina Tereshkova — first woman in space ILLIAC I — first computer to calculate the orbit of Sputnik 1 Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes Timeline of Russian innovation
== References ==
== Bibliography ==
== Further reading == Chertok, B. E. (1999). Rakety i li︠u︡di: lunnai︠a︡ gonka [Rockets & People: The Moon Race] (in Russian). Moscow: Mashinostroenie. ISBN 978-5-217-02942-6. Dickson, Paul (2007). Sputnik: The Shock of the Century. Walker & Co. ISBN 978-0-8027-1365-0. Gerchik, Konstantin Vasilyevich (1994). Proryv v kosmos [A Breakthrough in Space] (in Russian). Moscow: Veles. ISBN 978-5-87955-001-6. Mieczkowski, Yanek (2013). Eisenhower's Sputnik Moment: The Race for Space and World Prestige. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-6793-6.
== External links ==
Satellite One: The story of the first man-made device in space by Russian News Agency TASS Documents related to Sputnik 1 and the Space Race at the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library 50th Anniversary of the Space Age & Sputnik – an interactive media by NASA Remembering Sputnik: Sir Arthur C. Clarke – an interview for IEEE Spectrum Sputnik Program Page by NASA's Solar System Exploration NASA on Sputnik 1 A joint Russian project of Ground microprocessing information systems SRC "PLANETA" and Space Monitoring Information Support laboratory (IKI RAN) dedicated to the 40th anniversary of Sputnik 1 A film clip "New Moon. Reds Launch First Space Satellite, 1957/10/07 (1957)" is available for viewing at the Internet Archive