kb/data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/ICE-0.md

title	chunk	source	category	tags	date_saved	instance
ICE - Glossary | MDN	1/3	https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/ICE	reference	web, html, css, javascript, documentation	2026-05-05T05:34:22.064057+00:00	kb-cron

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1. Glossary
2. ICE

ICE

ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) is a framework used by WebRTC (among other technologies) for connecting two peers, regardless of network topology (usually for audio and video chat). This protocol lets two peers find and establish a connection with one another even though they may both be using Network Address Translator (NAT) to share a global IP address with other devices on their respective local networks. The framework algorithm looks for the lowest-latency path for connecting the two peers, trying these options in order:

1. Direct UDP connection (In this case—and only this case—a STUN server is used to find the network-facing address of a peer)
2. Direct TCP connection, via the HTTP port
3. Direct TCP connection, via the HTTPS port
4. Indirect connection via a relay/TURN server (if a direct connection fails, e.g., if one peer is behind a firewall that blocks NAT traversal)

In this article

• See also

See also

• WebRTC, the principal web-related protocol which uses ICE
• WebRTC protocols
• RFC 8445, the IETF specification for ICE
• RTCIceCandidate, the interface representing an ICE candidate