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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aryabhatiya | 2/2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryabhatiya | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T08:32:33.274391+00:00 | kb-cron |
Sanskrit language: Prabhakara (c. 525) Bhaskara I (c. 629) Someshvara (c. 1040) Surya-deva (born 1191), Bhata-prakasha Parameshvara (c. 1380-1460), Bhata-dipika or Bhata-pradipika Nila-kantha (c. 1444-1545) Yallaya (c. 1482) Raghu-natha (c. 1590) Ghati-gopa Bhuti-vishnu Telugu language Virupaksha Suri Kodanda-rama (c. 1854) The estimate of the diameter of the Earth in the Tarkīb al-aflāk of Yaqūb ibn Tāriq, of 2,100 farsakhs, appears to be derived from the estimate of the diameter of the Earth in the Aryabhatiya of 1,050 yojanas. The work was translated into Arabic as Zij al-Arjabhar (c. 800) by an anonymous author. The work was translated into Arabic around 820 by Al-Khwarizmi, whose On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals was in turn influential in the adoption of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system in Europe from the 12th century. Aryabhata's methods of astronomical calculations have been in continuous use for practical purposes of fixing the Panchangam (Hindu calendar).
== Apparent errors in Aryabhata's statements == O'Connor and Robertson state: "Aryabhata gives formulae for the areas of a triangle and of a circle which are correct, but the formulae for the volumes of a sphere and of a pyramid are claimed to be wrong by most historians". For example Ganitanand describes as "mathematical lapses" the fact that Aryabhata gives the incorrect formula V = Ah/2 (instead of V=Ah/3) for the volume of a pyramid with height h and triangular base of area A. He also appears to give an incorrect expression for the volume of a sphere. However, Elfering argues that this is not an error but rather the result of an incorrect translation. This relates to verses 6, 7, and 10 of the second section of the Aryabhatiya, with Elfering producing a translation which yields the correct answer for both the volume of a pyramid and for a sphere. However, in his translation Elfering translates two technical terms in a different way to the meaning which they usually have.
== See also == Aryabhata's sine table Indian astronomy
== References ==
William J. Gongol. The Aryabhatiya: Foundations of Indian Mathematics. University of Northern Iowa. Hugh Thurston, "The Astronomy of Āryabhata" in his Early Astronomy, New York: Springer, 1996, pp. 178–189. ISBN 0-387-94822-8 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Aryabhata", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews University of St Andrews.
== External links ==
The Āryabhaṭīya of Āryabhaṭa at the Internet Archive (1930) translated into English by Walter Eugene Clark