kb/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartwright's_theorem-0.md

2.9 KiB
Raw Blame History

title chunk source category tags date_saved instance
Cartwright's theorem 1/1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartwright's_theorem reference science, encyclopedia 2026-05-05T12:04:33.727970+00:00 kb-cron

Cartwright's theorem is a mathematical theorem in complex analysis, discovered by the British mathematician Mary Cartwright. It gives an estimate of the maximum modulus of an analytical function when the unit disc takes the same value no more than p times.

== Statement == Cartwright's theorem says that, for every integer

    p
    ≥
    1
  

{\displaystyle p\geq 1}

, there exists a constant

      C
      
        p
      
    
  

{\displaystyle C_{p}}

such that for every

    p
  

{\displaystyle p}

-valent holomorphic function

    f
    (
    z
    )
    =
    
      ∑
      
        i
        =
        0
      
      
        ∞
      
    
    
      a
      
        n
      
    
    
      z
      
        n
      
    
  

{\displaystyle f(z)=\sum _{i=0}^{\infty }a_{n}z^{n}}

in disc

      |
    
    z
    
      |
    
    <
    1
  

{\displaystyle |z|<1}

, we have the bound

      |
    
    f
    (
    z
    )
    
      |
    
    ≤
    
      
        
          
            max
            
              0
              ≤
              i
              ≤
              p
            
          
          
            |
          
          
            a
            
              i
            
          
          
            |
          
        
        
          (
          1
          
          r
          
            )
            
              2
              p
            
          
        
      
    
    
      C
      
        p
      
    
  

{\displaystyle |f(z)|\leq {\frac {\max _{0\leq i\leq p}|a_{i}|}{(1-r)^{2p}}}C_{p}}

in an absolute value for all

    z
  

{\displaystyle z}

in the disc

      |
    
    z
    
      |
    
    ≤
    r
  

{\displaystyle |z|\leq r}

and

    r
    ≤
    1
  

{\displaystyle r\leq 1}

.

== References ==

== Further reading == https://www.theoremoftheday.org/Analysis/Cartwright/TotDCartwright.pdf