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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CERN | 6/8 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERN | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T12:40:06.396246+00:00 | kb-cron |
== Open science == The Open Science movement focuses on making scientific research openly accessible and on creating knowledge through open tools and processes. Open access, open data, open source software and hardware, open licenses, digital preservation and reproducible research are primary components of open science and areas in which CERN has been working towards since its formation. Since the late 1950s, the CERN Scientific Information Service was involved in distributing preprints. Notably, the librarian Luisella Goldschmidt-Clermont played an important role in transforming the existing culture of personal sharing of research results into a more institutional approach and therefore lying the groundwork for what has only later been called open science. CERN has developed policies and official documents that enable and promote open science, starting with CERN's founding convention in 1953 which indicated that all its results are to be published or made generally available. Since then, CERN published its open access policy in 2014, which ensures that all publications by CERN authors will be published with gold open access and most recently an open data policy that was endorsed by the four main LHC collaborations (ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb). The open data policy complements the open access policy, addressing the public release of scientific data collected by LHC experiments after a suitable embargo period. Prior to this open data policy, guidelines for data preservation, access and reuse were implemented by each collaboration individually through their own policies which are updated when necessary. The European Strategy for Particle Physics, a document mandated by the CERN Council that forms the cornerstone of Europe's decision-making for the future of particle physics, was last updated in 2020 and affirmed the organisation's role within the open science landscape by stating: "The particle physics community should work with the relevant authorities to help shape the emerging consensus on open science to be adopted for publicly-funded research, and should then implement a policy of open science for the field". Beyond the policy level, CERN has established a variety of services and tools to enable and guide open science at CERN, and in particle physics more generally. On the publishing side, CERN has initiated and operates a global cooperative project, the Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics, SCOAP3, to convert scientific articles in high-energy physics to open access. In 2018, the SCOAP3 partnership represented 3,000+ libraries from 44 countries and 3 intergovernmental organizations who have worked collectively to convert research articles in high-energy physics across 11 leading journals in the discipline to open access. Public-facing results can be served by various CERN-based services depending on their use case: the CERN Open Data portal, Zenodo, the CERN Document Server, INSPIRE and HEPData are the core services used by the researchers and community at CERN, as well as the wider high-energy physics community for the publication of their documents, data, software, multimedia, etc. CERN's efforts towards preservation and reproducible research are best represented by a suite of services addressing the entire physics analysis lifecycle, such as data, software and computing environment. CERN Analysis Preservation helps researchers to preserve and document the various components of their physics analyses. REANA (Reusable Analyses) enables the instantiating of preserved research data analyses on the cloud. All services are built using open source software and strive towards compliance with best effort principles, such as the FAIR principles, the FORCE11 guidelines and Plan S, while taking into account relevant activities carried out by the European Commission.
== Public exhibitions ==
The first public exhibition at CERN was the Microcosm museum which hosted an exhibition about particle physics and CERN history. It closed permanently on 18 September 2022, in preparation for the installation of the exhibitions in the newly built science center CERN Science Gateway. The CERN Science Gateway, constructed by the Renzo Piano building workshop was opened in October 2023. It is home to the following spaces:
Three permanent hands-on exhibitions Discover CERN, which hosts exhibits to explain how particles are accelerated in CERN's particle accelerators and detected in the large experiments. This exhibition hosts a fully functioning 2 MeV proton accelerator named Experimental Linac for Surface Analysis (ELISA). Our Universe, which hosts two distinct exhibitions: One part (Back to the Big Bang) explains the scientific questions which are explored by experiments in particle physics and cosmology. Another part (Exploring the unknown) hosts an art exhibition which is on display from October 2023 to October 2026. Quantum World focuses on explaining concepts from Quantum Mechanics, such as entanglement, uncertainty, or virtual particles. An auditorium with up to 800 seats. 2 Education Labs hosting hands-on workshops for school groups and walk-in visitors. The Globe of Science and Innovation, which opened in late 2005, is open to the public. It is used four times a week for special exhibits. CERN also provides daily tours to certain facilities such as the Synchro-cyclotron (CERNs first particle accelerator) and the superconducting magnet workshop.