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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adverse childhood experiences | 6/6 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_childhood_experiences | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T15:31:17.921938+00:00 | kb-cron |
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), which is run by the CDC, is an annual survey conducted in waves by groups of individual state and territory health departments. An expanded ACE survey instrument was included in several states found each state. Adverse childhood experiences were even more frequent in studies in urban Philadelphia and in a survey of young mothers (mostly younger than 19). Surveys of adverse childhood experiences have been conducted in multiple EU member countries. A nationally representative study of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Mexico, conducted between 2021 and 2022, found that childhood adversity is highly prevalent among adults. Based on a sample of 13,781 Mexican adults across all 32 federal entities, 74.0% reported at least one ACE, while 40.98% reported four or more, with a mean ACE score of 2.49. The most common forms of adversity were emotional abuse (40.1%), emotional neglect (31.0%), and sexual abuse (28.8%), suggesting that psychological and relational trauma represent the predominant burden of childhood adversity in the Mexican population. These findings align with international evidence linking multiple ACE exposures to higher risks of depression, substance use, and chronic disease in adulthood, underscoring the need for trauma-informed public health and educational policies in Latin America.
== See also ==
Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire Complex post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD in children and adolescents Social determinants of health Stress in early childhood Developmental impact of child neglect in early childhood Early childhood trauma
== References ==
== External links == Adverse Childhood Experiences Resources Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ACEs and Toxic Stress FAQ, Harvard Center on the Developing Child