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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economics of language | 2/2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics_of_language | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T15:41:01.969962+00:00 | kb-cron |
== Gender gap == In their study Gendered language and the educational gender gap, Davis and Reynolds found a connection between the use of gendered languages and the disparity between men and women. They compared languages with one noun class (e.g. English), two noun classes (e.g. Spanish), for masculine and feminine, and three noun classes (e.g. German), for masculine, feminine, and neuter. They concluded that countries that primarily speak languages with two sex-based noun classes are also countries with "lower rates of female participation in labor and credit markets." In addition, such countries often establish political gender quotas. Gendered languages were also found by Van der Velde, Tyrowicz, and Siwinska in Language and (the estimates of) the gender wage gap to relate to the gender wage gap. They pointed out that the presence of gender neutral environments can lead to at least three consequences: less discrimination by employers against women, less pressure placed upon workers to meet certain gender roles and expectations, and the decreasing wage gap.
== Pronouns == Studies have shown that there exists more emphasis on collectivism within societies in which it is not uncommon in the predominant language to drop pronouns. For example, Spanish speakers can say, "Yo estoy cantando," but they are also given the option to say, "Estoy cantando." Other pronoun-drop languages include Mandarin, Arabic, Hindi, Portuguese, Russian, Japanese, and Korean. On the contrary, speakers of languages that do not typically drop pronouns, such as English, German, and French, tend to express more individualistic views. Languages with multiple forms of you for the purposes of indicating respect have proven to produce speakers who are more conscious of class differences.
== Selected readings == Gabrielle Hogan-Brun, Linguanomics, Bloomsbury Academic, 2017, ISBN 9781474238311 Gazzola, Michele & Wickström, Bengt-Arne (2016): The Economics of Language Policy. Cambridge: MIT Press. (it) Gazzola, Michele 2016. Il valore economico delle lingue - Lingua, Politica, Cultura. Serta Gratulatoria in Honorem Renato Corsetti. New York, Mundial Robichaud, David (2016). "A market failure approach to linguistic justice". Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. 38 (7): 1–10. doi:10.1080/01434632.2016.1192173. S2CID 148176218. "Scientific research on languages and the economy: An overview", Round table on "Languages and the economy", Network for the Promotion of Linguistic Diversity (NPLD), Welsh Government European Office, Brussels, Belgium, 21 January 2015 [Invited speaker : Michele Gazzola]. (eo) Gazzola, Michele, 2015 Ekonomiko, Lingva Justeco kaj Lingva Politiko” Informilo por interlingvistoj, 92-93, (1-2/2015) Gazzola, Michele 2014. The Evaluation of Language Regimes. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins The economics of language policy, Center for economic studies (CES), 2013 (it) "Il valore economico delle lingue" (the economic value of languages), Annual conference of the European Observatory for Plurilingualism, Rome, 10 October 2012 [Invited speaker : Michele Gazolla]. Tarun Jain, Common tongue: The impact of language on economic performance, Indian School of Business, August 14, 2012. Chiswick, Barry R., and Paul W. Miller. 2007. The Economics of Language: International Analyses. Routledge. Grin, François, 1996, Economic approaches to language and language planning: an introduction Grin, François, 2003. "Language Planning and Economics." Current Issues in Language Planning 4 (1):1-66" Lamberton, Donald M., ed. 2002. The Economics of Language. Cheltenham, UK: E. Elgar Pub. Breton, Albert, ed. 2000. Exploring the Economics of Language. Ottawa : Official Languages Support Program, Canadian Heritage. Archived 2008-06-21 at the Wayback Machine Coulmas, Florian, Language and economy, ed. 1992, Blackwell Publishers (de) Coulmas, Florian, Die Wirtschaft mit der Sprache, ed. 1992, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp Dr. Gergely Kovács, Economic Aspects of Language Inequality in the European Union, 2007, Tatabánya, College for modern business studies. (fr - video) LANGUES ET ARGENT : ce qu'on ne vous dit pas Kadochnikov, Denis (2016). Languages, Regional Conflicts and Economic Development: Russia. In: Ginsburgh, V., Weber, S. (Eds.). The Palgrave Handbook of Economics and Language. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 538–580. ISBN 978-1-137-32505-1 Lazear, Edward (1999). "Culture and Language," Journal of Political Economy, 107(S6), pp. 95–126. Abstract. McCloskey, D.N. (1983). "The Rhetoric of Economics," Journal of Economic Literature, 21(2), pp. 481-517. McCloskey, D.N. (1998). 2nd ed. The Rhetoric of Economics. Description & scrollable preview. University of Wisconsin Press.
== See also == Grin, François (german) Florian Coulmas Van Parijs, Philippe Linguistic discrimination Linguicism
== References ==
== External links == Research Group "Economics and Language" (REAL) Archived 2017-01-17 at the Wayback Machine IKEF