29 lines
7.5 KiB
Markdown
29 lines
7.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "-onym"
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chunk: 2/4
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/-onym"
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category: "reference"
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tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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date_saved: "2026-05-05T07:36:53.225045+00:00"
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instance: "kb-cron"
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---
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acronym: considered to be a "word" in its original sense formed from the initials of one or more words that is pronounceable like a normal word, such as NATO, sometimes in distinction to initialism; reflecting a historical development from its component word initials
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agoronym: a name of a square or a marketplace. agronym: a name of a field or a plain. allonym: an author's name of another person — often, a well-known person's name; an alternative term for a pseudonym
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anacronym: an acronym so well-established that its origin as an abbreviation is no longer widely known and its component initials are in danger of no longer being recognized (a blend of anachronism and acronym)
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andronym: a male name, or a man's name adopted by a woman as a pseudonym. anonym: something created anonymously, or its creator; an unknown author; this term now generally replaced by pseudonym
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anemonym: name of a hurricane or violent wind
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anepronym: a portmanteau of anacronym and eponym; an original eponym of a trademark term that becomes so well established that it is used to define other objects that share its own definition (e.g., aspirin)
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anthroponym: a proper name of a human being, individual or collective. anthropotoponym: a type of toponym (place name) that is derived from an anthroponym
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antonym: a word with the exact opposite meaning of another word; an antithesis: often shown in opposite word pairs such as "high" and "low" (compare with "synonym")
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apronym: a word which, as an acronym or backronym, has a meaning related to the meaning of the words constituting the acronym or backronym; such as PLATO for "Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching" alluding to Plato, the philosopher and teacher
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aptronym: a name appropriate to its owner's occupation or physical properties, such as "Goldsmith" or "Longman" (compare with "charactonym") — coined by Franklin P. Adams
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asteroidonym: a proper name of an asteroid. astionym: a name of a town or city. astronym: a name of a star (or more loosely of a constellation, or other heavenly body). autoethnonym: an ethnonym of endonymic (native) origin, created and used by an ethnic group as a self-designation (see also: endoethnonym). autoglossonym or autoglottonym: a glossonym / glottonym (language name) of endonymic (native) origin, created and used by native speakers as a designation for their language. autolinguonym: a linguonym (language name) of endonymic (native) origin, same as autoglossonym / autoglottonym (see also: endolinguonym). autonym: Botanical nomenclature for an automatically created name. Not to be confused with onomastic autonym, formerly used as a variant term for endonym. backronym: an ordinary word understood as an (usually amusing or ironic) acronym (a portmanteau of back + acronym), such as Fiat understood as "Fix It Again Tomorrow"
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basionym: the first name published for a biological taxon (species, genus, etc.), which remains the defining name for the taxon even when the taxon has been transferred to a new name
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caconym: a bad name, either from poor formation (as through mixing Greek and Latin) or unpleasantness (as through lengthiness or cacophony)
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capitonym: a word that changes its meaning (and sometimes pronunciation) when it is capitalized, such as March and march or Polish and polish. charactonym: a name of a fictional character reflected in his personality traits, such as Shakespeare's Pistol or Bottom (compare with "aptronym")
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choronym: a proper name of a region or a country. chrematonym: a proper name of a particular (unique) object, natural or artificially made. For example: Hope Diamond (proper name of a famous diamond), Bayeux Tapestry (proper name of a famous tapestry), or Wanamaker Organ (proper name of a famous musical instrument). chresonym: Biol. use of a taxonomic name; historically sometimes referred to as a synonym. Sometimes divided into orthochresonyms (correct usages) and heterochresonyms (names incorrectly applied). chrononym: a proper name of a time period, like the Bronze Age, or the Middle Ages. co-hyponym: a word that shares the same superordinate term as another word. For example: "lily" and "rose" are co-hyponyms in the superordinate category "flower."
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cometonym: a proper name of a comet. comonym: a name of a village. contronym or antagonym or autoantonym: a word that may have opposite meanings in different contexts, such as cleave meaning "stick together" or "split apart"
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cosmonym: a proper name of a cosmic feature, outside Earth. cryptonym: a code name; a word or name used clandestinely to refer to another name or word
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demonym: a name, derived from a place name, for residents of that place (e.g., Utahn, from Utah, or Sioux Cityan, from Sioux City) — coined by George H. Scheetz, according to Paul Dickson in What Do You Call a Person From...? A Dictionary of Resident Names. The term first appeared in print in 1988 in Names' Names: A Descriptive and Prescriptive Onymicon by George H. Scheetz. See also taxonym. dromonym: a name of a road or any other communication or transport route by land, water or air. drymonym: a proper name of a wood or forest. ecclesiastonym: a name referring to members of a religious entity, e.g. Methodist, Protestant, Rastafarian, Wiccan (from Greek ekklisiastís 'churchgoer')
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ecclesionym: a name of a church. endochoronym: a choronym (regional or country name) of endonymic (native) origin, created and used by native population as a designation for their region or country. endoethnonym: an ethnonym of endonymic (native) origin, created and used by an ethnic group as a self-designation (see also: autoethnonym). endolinguonym: a linguonym (language name) of endonymic (native) origin, created and used by native speakers as a designation for their language (see also: autolinguonym). endonym: a self-assigned name by locals of a place, or a group of people; formerly also known as autonym, but that term is polysemic (not to be confused with the autonym in botany). endotoponym: a type of toponym (place name) of endonymic (native) origin, created and used by native population as a designation for some toponymic feature in their homeland. eponym: a botanical, zoological, artwork, or place name that derives from a real or legendary person; a name for a real or hypothetical person from whom a botanical, geographical, artwork or zoological name is derived; a person after whom a medical condition is named, or the condition so named. A type of taxonym. ergonym: a name of an incorporated work-oriented entity, like a workshop, company or any firm in general. ethnochoronym: a choronym derived from an ethnonym. ethnohydronym: a hydronym that is formed from an ethnonym. ethnonym: a name of an ethnic group. ethnotoponym: a type of toponym that is formed from an ethnonym. exochoronym: a choronym (regional or country name) of exonymic (foreign) origin, created and used by those who don't belong to the native population of a referred territory. exoethnonym: an ethnonym of exonymic (foreign) origin, created and used as a designation for an ethnic group by those who do not belong to it. exolinguonym: a linguonym (language name) of exonymic (foreign) origin, created and used by those who are not native speakers of that language. exonym: a name used by one group of people for another group, but who call themselves by a different name, such as "Germans" for "Deutsche"; a place name used by one group that differs from the name used by the people who live there, such as "Cologne" for "Köln". |