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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural regions of Germany | 2/3 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_regions_of_Germany | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T08:18:38.455696+00:00 | kb-cron |
The first version by Heinrich Müller-Miny appeared in the updated handbook map, the overview maps of the individual map sheets from 1960 and in the ninth edition of the handbook (1962) In the map sheets from publication year 1964 this version was slightly changed: The Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills (Oberpfälzisch-Obermainische Hügelland) was raised from the third to the second level. The secondary landscape region of Lössbörden was expanded, especially in the west. There was another change in the map sheets from 1979 (Sheet 182 Burghausen) until their last publication (Sheet München and Tegernsee 1994): The primary landscape region, Central Uplands (Mittelgebirge), was divided in two into Mittelgebirgsschwelle and Schichtstufenland The classification of the Natural regions in Saxony, published after that of the Institute for Regional Studies and continually revised, allocates the larger northern part of the major unit group of Upper Lusatia (Oberlausitz) to the Lössbörden, so that only the Lusatian Mountains (Lausitzer Bergland) in the south remains within the Central Uplands. For clarity the first and second levels of the major landscape regions are organised from north to south and from west to east. Within a secondary or tertiary landscape region the list follows the numerical order in the handbook; the BfN's numbers are given in brackets. Tertiary major landscape regions are shown in bold italics. Maps, all to the same scale, are shown to the right of the lists. For clarity, the English names for the natural regions are given; German names may be found at the relevant article. The English names are primarily based on Dickinson (1964) and Elkins (1972) where their classification corresponds closely to the handbook's. In such cases the source of the English name is referenced. The seven major regions are: the Northeast German Plain, the Northwest German Plain, the Western Central Uplands, the Eastern Central Uplands, the South German Scarplands, the Alpine Foreland, and the North and Baltic Seas.
=== North and Baltic Seas === This is a list, exceptionally, of the three-figure major landscape units of group 90, because this de facto corresponds to the tertiary major landscape regions.
==== North Sea ====
900 German Bight (less island of Heligoland) (D70) 901 Dogger Bank and adjacent Central North Sea (D71)
==== Baltic Sea ==== 902 Western Baltic (D72) 903 Eastern Baltic (D73)
=== North German Plain ===
==== Marshland ==== Source:
61 Lower Ems and Weser Marshes (D25) 67 Lower Elbe Marsh (D24) 68 Schleswig-Holstein Marsh (D21)
==== Mecklenburg-Western Pomeranian Littoral ====
71 Mecklenburg-Western Pomeranian Littoral (D01)
==== Mecklenburg Coastal Lowland ==== Sources:
70 Schleswig-Holstein Uplands (D23) Northeast Mecklenburg Plain and Szczecin Lagoon (D02) 72 Mecklenburg Ground Moraine Lowland 73 Szczecin Lagoon or Lower Oder Plain 74 Hinterland of the Mecklenburg Lake Plateau (D 03) 75 Mecklenburg Lake Plateau, Mecklenburg Lake Upland or Mecklenburg-Brandenburg Lake Plateau (D04) (to 80 Oder Valley (D07)) major landscape units 800 and 801
==== Central North German Plain ==== Source:
Ems-Weser Geest Dümmer and Ems-Hunte Geest (D30) 58 Dümmer Geest Lowland 59 Ems-Hunte Geest 60 East Frisian Geest (D26) 62 Weser-Aller Plains and Geest (D31) North Elbe Geest 63 Stade Geest (D27) 64 Lüneburg Heath (D28) 69 Schleswig-Holstein Geest (D22)
East German Lakeland and Heathland Mecklenburg-Brandenburg Plateaux and Upland (D05) 76 South-western foreland of the Mecklenburg Lake Plateau 77 North Brandenburg Plateaux and Upland 78 Luchland 79 East Brandenburg Plateau (D06) (to 80 Oder Valley (D07)) major landscape units 802 and 803 Brandenburg Heath and Lake District (D12) 81 Central Brandenburg Plateaux and Lowlands 82 East Brandenburg Heath and Lake District Lusatian Basin and Spreewald (D08) 83 Spreewald 84 Lower Lusatian Heath 85 Fläming Heath (D11) 86 Wendland and Altmark (D29) 87 Middle Elbe Plain (D09) 88 Middle Elbe Plains and Heath or Elbe-Mulde Plain (D10) 89 Upper Lusatian Plateau (D13)
54 Westphalian Lowland or Westphalian Basin (D34) Lower Rhine Plain and Cologne Lowland (D35) 55 Cologne Lowland or Lower Rhine Bay 57 Lower Rhine Plain
==== Loess Belt ==== Sources:
(to 44 Upper Lusatia (D14)) 440 Neiß region 442 East Lusatian Foothills 443 West Lusatian Hills, 444 Upper Lusatian Gefilde Saxon Lowland and Saxon Uplands (D19) 45 Saxon Uplands, Saxon Hills or Ore Mountain Foreland 46 Saxon Lowland (incl. Leipzig Land) 50 Central German Black Earth Region (also: Eastern Harz Foreland and Börde; D20) 51 North Harz Foreland (D33) 52 Lower Saxony Börde (D32) (to 37 Weser-Leine Uplands) (to 378 Calenberg Uplands 378.02 Kleinenbremener Basin (to 53 Lower Weser Uplands 533 Lübbecke Loessland
=== Central Uplands === Source:
==== Rhenish Massif ====
Arranged from west to east and internally from north to south)
Eifel (incl. Venn Foreland) (D45) 56 Venn Foreland 28 West Eifel 27 East Eifel 25 Moselle Valley (D43) 24 Hunsrück (D42) 29 Middle Rhine Valley (D44) 33 Sauerland (Süder Uplands) (D38) 32 Westerwald (D39) 31 Lahn Valley (D40) 30 Taunus (D41)
==== Weser Uplands and Hesse Lowlands and Highlands ==== Source:
(arranged from north to south and from west to east)
Lower Saxon Hills (including the Weser and Leine Uplands) (D36) 53 Lower Weser Uplands 36 Upper Weser Uplands 37 Weser-Leine Uplands Hesse Highlands 34 West Hesse Highlands (D46) 35 East Hesse Highlands (D47)
==== Harz ==== 38 Harz (D37)
==== Thuringian Basin ==== 47/8 Thuringian Basin (and peripheral uplands) (D18)
==== Eastern Central Uplands ==== Source:
Thuringian-Franconian Highlands (incl. the Vogtland) 39 Thuringian-Franconian Highlands (D48) 41 Vogtland (D17) 42 Ore Mountains (D16) Western Sudetes 43 Saxon-Bohemian Chalk Sandstone Region (D15) (to 44 Upper Lusatia (D14)) major landscape unit 441 Lusatian Mountains 40 Upper Palatine-Bavarian Forest (D63)
=== Scarplands on either side of the Upper Rhine Valley === Source:
==== Palatine-Saarland Scarplands ====
Division from north to south and from west to east
Lorraine Trias-Lias Region 26 Gutland (Bitburg Land) (D49) (to 18 Palatine-Saarland Muschelkalk Region (D50)) major landscape units 182 and 183 19 Saar-Nahe Hills or Uplands (D52) 18 Palatine-Saarland Muschelkalk Region excl. Merzig Muschelkalk Plateau (D50) 17 Palatine Forest (the Haardt) (D51)
==== Upper Rhine Plain ====
Divided from north to south.