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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copernicus Programme | 3/5 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernicus_Programme | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T12:42:31.715966+00:00 | kb-cron |
Sentinel-1A successfully launched on 3 April 2014. Sentinel-1B successfully launched on 25 April 2016. Mission declared as ended on 3 August 2022 after a hardware failure. Sentinel-1C successfully launched on 5 December 2024 on a Vega-C launch vehicle. Sentinel-1D successfully launched on 4 November 2025 on the third commercial flight of the Ariane 6 rocket from Guiana Space Centre.
=== Sentinel-2 === Sentinel-2 provides high-resolution optical multi-spectral imaging for land services (e.g. imagery of vegetation, soil and water cover, inland waterways and coastal areas) down to a resolution of 10 m. Sentinel-2 also provides information for emergency services. The first 3 satellites launched aboard Vega rockets from Guiana Space Centre.
Sentinel-2A successfully launched on 23 June 2015. While initially meant to retire after the commissioning of Sentinel-2C, the satellite instead began a year-long trial mission in early 2025, to study the usefulness of, for the first time ever, having three Sentinel satellites of the same type working together Sentinel-2B successfully launched on 7 March 2017 Sentinel-2C successfully launched on 5 September 2024 Sentinel-2D is expected to launch in 2028 on Vega C
=== Sentinel-3 === Sentinel-3 provides ocean and global land monitoring services via multi-spectral imaging, radiometers, and radar altimeters. First two satellites were launched by a Eurockot Rokot vehicle from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.
Sentinel-3A successfully launched on 16 February 2016 Sentinel-3B successfully launched on 25 April 2018 Sentinel-3C is expected to launch in 2026 on Vega C from Guiana Space Centre Sentinel-3D is expected to launch not earlier than 2028
=== Sentinel-4 === Sentinel-4, Europe's first hyperspectral sounding mission in GEO, provides data for atmospheric composition monitoring for air quality and other purposes as a payload upon Meteosat Third Generation satellites
Sentinel-4A successfully launched on 1 July 2025 aboard the MTG-S1 satellite on a Falcon 9 launch vehicle from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida Sentinel-4B is expected to launch not earlier than 2032
=== Sentinel-5P === Sentinel-5 Precursor successfully launched on 13 October 2017 on a Eurockot Rokot vehicle from Plesetsk. It carries the Tropomi spectrometer go measure pollutants (including methane) and aerosols in the atmosphere. The primary purpose of this mission is to reduce the data gap (especially in SCIAMACHY atmospheric observations) between the loss of Envisat in 2012, and the launch of Sentinel-5A (then scheduled for 2021)
=== Sentinel-5 === Sentinel-5 will also provide data for atmospheric composition monitoring
Sentinel-5A successfully launched on 13 August 2025 from Guiana Space Centre on Ariane 6 aboard the first EUMETSAT Polar System Second Generation spacecraft MetOp-SG-A1 Sentinel-5B is expected to launch in 2033 on EPS-SG-A2
=== Sentinel-6 === Sentinel-6 is intended to provide continuity in high precision altimetry sea level measurements as part of the Jason satellite series following the Jason-3 satellite.
Sentinel-6A Michael Freilich successfully launched on 21 November 2020 on Falcon 9 launch vehicle from Vandenberg SLC-4E in California. Sentinel-6B successfully launched on 17 November 2025 on Falcon 9. Sentinel-6C is expected to launch not earlier than 2032
=== CO2M (Sentinel-7) === CO2M (Sentinel-7), anthropogenic CO2 emissions monitoring
CO2M-A is expected to launch in 2027 on a Vega C rocket CO2M-B is expected to launch in 2028 on a Vega C rocket CO2M-C is expected to launch in 2029 on a Vega C rocket
=== LSTM (Sentinel-8) === LSTM (Sentinel-8), high spatio-temporal resolution land surface temperature
LSTM-A is expected to launch in 2028 LSTM-B is expected to launch in 2031
=== CRISTAL (Sentinel-9) === CRISTAL (Sentinel-9), Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter
CRISTAL-A is expected to launch in 2028
=== CHIME (Sentinel-10) === CHIME (Sentinel-10), Copernicus Hyperspectral Imaging Mission for the Environment
CHIME-A is expected to launch in 2028 CHIME-B is expected to launch in 2030
=== CIMR (Sentinel-11) === CIMR (Sentinel-11), Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer
CIMR-A is expected to launch in 2029 CIMR-B is expected to launch in 2031
=== ROSE-L (Sentinel-12) === ROSE-L (Sentinel-12), Radar Observing System for Europe – L-band SAR
ROSE-L A is expected to launch in 2028 or 2029 ROSE-L B is expected to launch in 2031
== Contributing missions == Before the Sentinel missions provide data to Copernicus, numerous existing or planned space missions provide or will provide data useful to the provision of Copernicus services. These missions are often referred to as "Copernicus Contributing Missions (CCMs)":