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| title | chunk | source | category | tags | date_saved | instance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Committee on Space Research | 1/2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_on_Space_Research | reference | science, encyclopedia | 2026-05-05T10:22:08.342879+00:00 | kb-cron |
The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) was established on October 3, 1958 by the International Council for Scientific Unions (ICSU) and its first chair was Hildegard Korf Kallmann-Bijl. Among COSPAR's objectives are the promotion of scientific research in space on an international level, with emphasis on the free exchange of results, information, and opinions, and providing a forum, open to all scientists, for the discussion of problems that may affect space research. These objectives are achieved through the organization of symposia, publication, and other means. COSPAR has created a number of research programmes on different topics, a few in cooperation with other scientific Unions. The long-term project COSPAR international reference atmosphere started in 1960; since then it has produced several editions of the high-atmosphere code CIRA. The code "IRI" of the URSI-COSPAR working group on the International Reference Ionosphere was first edited in 1978 and is updated annually.
== General Assembly == From 1958 to 1979, the COSPAR called for the General Assembly (also called the Scientific Assembly) annually. Starting in 1980, the General Assembly is held every two years. These are conferences currently gathering around 3,000 participating space researchers from all over the world, such as Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, the Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and the United States. The assemblies are listed in the table below; as of two previous leap years, two General Assemblies were cancelled. The 41st General Assembly in Istanbul was cancelled due to the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt, while the 43rd General Assembly in Sydney was also cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
== Scientific Structure ==
=== Scientific Commissions === Scientific Commission A Space Studies of the Earth's Surface, Meteorology and Climate Task Group on GEO Subcommission A1 on Atmosphere, Meteorology and Climate Subcommission A2 on Ocean Dynamics, Productivity and the Cryosphere Subcommission A3 on Land Processes and Morphology Scientific Commission B Space Studies of the Earth-Moon System, Planets, and Small Bodies of the Solar System Sub-Commission B1 on Small Bodies Sub-Commission B2 on International Coordination of Space Techniques for Geodesy (a joint Sub-Commission with IUGG/IAG Commission I on Reference Frames) Sub-Commission B3 on The Moon Sub-Commission B4 on Terrestrial Planets Sub-Commission B5 on Outer Planets and Satellites Sub-Commission B6/E4 on Exoplanets Detection, Characterization and Modelling Scientific Commission C Space Studies of the Upper Atmospheres of the Earth and Planets Including Reference Atmospheres Sub-Commission C1 on The Earth's Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere Sub-Commission C2 on The Earth's Middle Atmosphere and Lower Ionosphere Sub-Commission C3 on Planetary Atmospheres and Aeronomy Task Group on Reference Atmospheres of Planets and Satellites (RAPS) URSI/COSPAR Task Group on the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) COSPAR/URSI Task Group on Reference Atmospheres, including ISO WG4 (CIRA) Sub-Commission C5/D4 on Theory and Observations of Active Experiments Scientific Commission D Space Plasmas in the Solar System, Including Planetary Magnetospheres Sub-Commission D1 on The Heliosphere Sub-Commission D2/E3 on The Transition from the Sun to the Heliosphere Sub-Commission D3 on Magnetospheres Sub-Commission C5/D4 on Theory and Observations of Active Experiments Scientific Commission E Research in Astrophysics from Space Sub-Commission E1 on Galactic and Extragalactic Astrophysics Sub-Commission E2 on The Sun as a Star Sub-Commission D2/E3 on The Transition from the Sun to the Heliosphere Sub-Commission B6/E4 on Exoplanets Detection, Characterization and Modelling Scientific Commission F Life Sciences as Related to Space Sub-Commission F1 on Gravitational and Space Biology Sub-Commission F2 on Radiation Environment, Biology and Health Sub-Commission F3 on Astrobiology Sub-Commission F4 on Natural and Artificial Ecosystems Sub-Commission F5 on Gravitational Physiology in Space Scientific Commission G Materials Sciences in Space Scientific Commission H Fundamental Physics in Space
=== Panels ===
Technical Panel on Satellite Dynamics (PSD)
Panel on Technical Problems Related to Scientific Ballooning (PSB)
Panel on Potentially Environmentally Detrimental Activities in Space (PEDAS)
Panel on Radiation Belt Environment Modelling (PRBEM)
Panel on Space Weather (PSW)
Panel on Planetary Protection (PPP)
Panel on Capacity Building (PCB)
Panel on Capacity Building Fellowship Program and Alumni (PCB FP)
Panel on Education (PE)
Panel on Exploration (PEX)
Panel on Interstellar Research (PIR)
Task Group on Establishing an international Constellation of Small Satellites (TGCSS)
Sub-Group on Radiation Belts (TGCSS-SGRB)
Panel on Social Sciences and Humanities (PSSH)
Panel on Innovative Solutions (PoIS)
Task Group on Establishing an International Geospace Systems Program (TGIGSP)