61 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
61 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Architectural model"
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chunk: 2/2
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_model"
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category: "reference"
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tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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date_saved: "2026-05-05T13:59:59.137503+00:00"
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instance: "kb-cron"
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---
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==== Collections ====
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Many cork models of classical monuments in Italy were made and sold to tourists during their Grand Tour. Cork, especially when carefully painted, was ideal to reproduce the weathered look of wall surfaces.
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As a rule, they were produced on a large scale (the Colosseum in Aschaffenburg is three meters long and one meter high) and with high precision.
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Cork models were esteemed in the princely courts of the 18th century. They were also acquired for their scientific value by schools of architecture in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, or by institutions like the Society of Antiquaries of London and the British Museum, as a way of introducing the general public to ancient architecture.
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Despite their fragility, cork models have often survived better than wooden models threatened by wood-destroying insects.
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Apart from kings and princes, cork models were collected by people such as Filippo Farsetti (1703–1744) in Venice, Pierre Gaspard Marie Grimod d'Orsay (1748–1809), and the architect Louis-François Cassas in France, Charles Townley, or Sir J. Soane in London, who turned his home into a museum, and Sir John Soane's Museum, housing a collection of 14 models in cork of Roman and Greek buildings.
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Chichi's cork models can be found at the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg, Russia (34 models made around 1774); Schloss Wilhelmshöhe, Kassel (33 models made 1777–1782); Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt (26 models acquired 1790–91); and the Herzogliches Museum Gotha (12 models acquired after 1777–1778; see Wikipedia in German).
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The largest collection of cork models by Carl May, with 54 pieces (after war losses), is in Aschaffenburg (Schloss Johannisburg); another large collection of his models is in the Staatliches Museum Schwerin.
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In France, the Musée des Antiquités Nationales à Saint-Germain-en-Laye has works by Rosa, Lucandeli and Pelet. The Musée archéologique de Nîmes (Musée archéologique de Nîmes) and the Marseille History Museum also have cork models.
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Modern cork models of antique buildings by Dieter Cöllen are exhibited in the Praetorium in Cologne.
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== Scales ==
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Architectural models are being constructed at a much smaller scale than their 1:1 counterpart.
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The scales and their architectural use are broadly as follows:
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1:1 full (or real) size for details
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1:2 Details
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1:5 Details
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1:10 Interior spaces and furniture
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1:20 Interior spaces and furniture
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1:50 Interior spaces, detailed floor plans, and different floor levels
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1:100 Building plans and layouts
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1:200 Building plans and layouts
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1:500 Building layouts or site plans
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1:1000 Urban scale for site or location plans
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1:1250 Site plans
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1:2500 Site plans and city maps
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1:5000 City maps/Island
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Sometimes model railroad scales such as 1:160 and 1:87 are used due to the ready availability of commercial figures, vehicles, and trees in those scales, and models of large buildings are most often built in approximately that range of scales due to size considerations.
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== See also ==
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Architectural rendering
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Maquette
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Mockup
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Origamic architecture (OA)
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Scale model
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Superquick
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Cardboard modeling
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== References ==
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== Further reading ==
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Fankhänel, Teresa. The Architectural Models of Theodore Conrad: The “Miniature Boom” of Mid-Century Modernism. London: Bloomsbury, 2021.
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Lepik, Andres. Das Architekturmodell in Italien, 1335–1550. Römische Studien Der Bibliotheca Hertziana, Bd. 9. Worms: Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, 1994.
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Liptau, Ralf. Architekturen Bilden: Das Modell in Entwurfsprozessen Der Nachkriegsmoderne. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2019.
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Lund, David. A History of Architectural Modelmaking in Britain: The Unseen Masters of Scale and Vision. London ; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis, 2023.
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Mindrup, Matthew. The Architectural Model: Histories of the Miniature and the Prototype, the Exemplar and the Muse. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 2019.
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Smith, Albert C. Architectural Model as Machine: A New View of Models from Antiquity to the Present Day. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004.
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Wells, Matthew. Modelling the Metropolis: The Architectural Model in Victorian London. Architectural Knowledge. Zürich: gta Verlag, 2023. |