37 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
37 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Expression of concern"
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chunk: 1/1
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_of_concern"
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category: "reference"
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tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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date_saved: "2026-05-05T07:02:29.932901+00:00"
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instance: "kb-cron"
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---
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In academic publishing, an expression of concern is a notice issued by a publisher against a particular publication, warning that it may contain errors or be otherwise untrustworthy.
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== Definitions ==
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Expressions of concern are part of the post-publication process used to maintain the integrity of the scientific record. They are typically issued when credible allegations regarding the validity or ethics of a study arise, but conclusive evidence is not yet available to justify a retraction or correction. In such cases, journal editors may publish a statement indicating that concerns have been raised and that the article is under investigation.
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== Guidelines and editorial practices ==
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Publishing practices around expressions of concern vary between journals and publishers. The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) recommends their use when:
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There is inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct.
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There is evidence that the findings are unreliable, but the authors' institution has not investigated or refused to investigate.
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An investigation is ongoing and a judgment is not yet available.
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The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors also acknowledges the role of expressions of concern in its 2019 recommendations that a publisher may choose to issue an expression of concern while an investigation of alleged scientific misconduct is ongoing, and pending its outcome.
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COPE further advises that expressions of concern should be clearly labeled, linked to the original article, and should explain the reasons for the concern without making definitive conclusions.
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== See also ==
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Erratum
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Post-publication peer review
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Retractions in academic publishing
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== Notes ==
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== References == |