30 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
30 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Spectral modeling synthesis"
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chunk: 1/1
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_modeling_synthesis"
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category: "reference"
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tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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date_saved: "2026-05-05T12:18:07.182903+00:00"
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instance: "kb-cron"
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---
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Spectral modeling synthesis (SMS) is an acoustic modeling approach for speech and other signals.
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SMS considers sounds as a combination of harmonic content and noise content. Harmonic components are identified based on peaks in the frequency spectrum of the signal, normally as found by the short-time Fourier transform. The signal that remains following removal of the spectral components, sometimes referred to as the residual, is then modeled as white noise passed through a time-varying filter. The output of the model, then, are the frequencies and levels of the detected harmonic components and the coefficients of the time-varying filter.
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Intuitively, the model can be applied to many types of audio signals. Speech signals, for example, include slowly changing harmonic sounds caused by vibration of the vocal cords plus wideband, noise-like sounds caused by the lips and mouth. Musical instruments also produce sounds containing both harmonic components and percussive, noise-like sounds when the notes are struck or changed.
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== See also ==
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Speech coding
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CELP
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Source–filter model of speech production
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FM synthesis
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Sound synthesis
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SPEAR - Sinusoidal Partial Editing Analysis and Resynthesis
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== References ==
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Serra, Xavier (2003). "Spectral Modeling Synthesis: Past and Present" (PDF). p. 20. Retrieved May 11, 2010.
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Serra, Xavier. "Spectral Modeling Synthesis Tools". Retrieved May 11, 2010.
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Smith III, Julius O. (28 December 2005). "Spectral Modeling". Retrieved April 19, 2008.
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Roads, Curtis (1996). "Figure 4.23: Overview of spectrum modeling synthesis. ...". The Computer Music Tutorial. MIT Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-262-68082-0.
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Bonada, J.; Loscos, A.; Cano, P.; Serra, X.; Kenmochi, H. (2001). "Spectral Approach to the Modeling of the Singing Voice". In Proc. of the 111th AES Convention. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.75.2357. |