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title: "....And Proud"
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....And Proud (stylized as ....and Proud) is a series of documentaries created for Virgin 1 designed to examine people who lead lifestyles tied to taboo subjects, narrated by Sue Perkins.
== Episodes ==
== References ==

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title: "2002 Northern Chile floods and mudflow"
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The 2002 Northern Chile floods and mudflow were a series of flash floods and mudflows that affected north-central Chile in early June 2002. The floods and mudflows were the result of heavy rains in the area. Overall 17 human casualties can be attributed to the rainfalls. Among the casualties, there were twelve direct deaths, four indirect deaths and one disappearance. The Locality of Los Molles was particularly badly affected.
According to National Office of Emergency of the Interior Ministry (ONEMI) 71 and 347 houses were destroyed in Coquimbo and Valparaíso regions respectively.
== See also ==
1991 Antofagasta mudflows
2015 Northern Chile floods and mudflow
201617 South American floods
== References ==

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title: "2020 Narayanganj explosion"
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On 4 September 2020, an explosion in Baitus Salat Jame mosque in Narayanganj District, Bangladesh killed at least 31 people while dozens more were injured. The death toll rose to 31 on 10 September.
== Causes ==
The explosion is presumed to have been caused by a gas leak from an underground pipeline. At around 8:30 pm local time, all the six air conditioning units installed on the ground floor exploded simultaneously. Earlier, there were power outages in the mosque and a sudden surge of electricity caused sparks on the air conditioners which may have led to the explosion.
== See also ==
List of explosions
== References ==

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title: "2021 Moghbazar explosion"
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The Moghbazar explosion took place on 27 June 2021 at the wireless gate of Moghbazar in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. At least 7 people were killed and more than 100 injured, out of whom 66 were admitted to various hospitals. Police suspect the incident was caused by frozen gas.
== Casualties and damage ==
Hundreds of people were injured in the blast. Six people were killed. Among the injured, about 66 people are undergoing treatment at the hospital. Most of the injured were from nearby buildings, a few bus passengers and pedestrians.
The three-storey old building on 79 Outer Circular Road on the Mouchak-Magbazar road has partially collapsed. Sounds and blast waves caused by the blast damaged 14 nearby multi-storey buildings. 12 of the buildings are commercial and 2 are residential. In one building was the office of the online news portal 'Aparajey Bangla'. The damaged buildings are: building no. 79 on Outer Circular Road, Rashmono Specialized Hospital, Nazrul School, Arang Showroom, Bishal Center, Dom-Ino Commercial, Best Buy Showroom, Bengal Trades Center, Calcutta Dry Cleaners, Moghbazar Plaza, Hamdard Medical and Sales Center and the Vision Emporium Showroom. The blast also damaged three local buses and wounded their occupants.
== References ==

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title: "2022 Mumbai building collapse"
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On 27 June 2022, a building partially collapsed in Kurla, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The four-storey, 50-year-old building, which had been in poor condition for years, collapsed at around 11:30pm. At least 19 people were killed and many others injured.
== Background ==
Structural collapses in India killed 8,756 people between 20182022, at the rate of about five people a day. The collapses of residential buildings account for most of the deaths. Delhi had the highest amount of structural collapse related deaths (133) from 20182022 out of the union territories, and Uttar Pradesh (1,696) and Maharashtra (1,491) had the most in that period out of the states.
The housing structure was constructed in 1975 on collector land and originally housed over 40 people. It was first served a notice for repairs in 2013, and then in 2016 the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) disconnected the water and electricity to the structure and asked them to vacate. This request was refused by residents who hired a structural auditor to submit a report that the damage was repairable, and after the report it was removed from the 'dilapidated building' list and added to the 'under repairs' list.
== Collapse ==
On the night of 27 June, the four-story building, which was one of the four wings of the Naik Nager cooperative housing systems collapsed. All four parts of the building had been deemed dilapidated by the BMC. A resident acknowledged that all residents knew the building was dilapidated and had been previously asked by the chairmen of the BMC to vacate the premises by 30 June, causing many to be in the process of looking for new housing.
== Legal ==
The owners of the building Rajni Rathod, Kishor Chavan, Balkrishna Rathod and others were arrested under charges of culpable homicide not amounting to murder and attempt to commit culpable homicide shortly after the collapse of the building. A contractor, named as Dilip Vishwas who housed labourers in the building was also arrested.
== See also ==
2013 Mumbai building collapse
== References ==

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title: "2026 Perm environmental disaster"
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The 2026 Perm environmental disaster is an environmental incident that started on 29 April 2026 in Perm, Russia, following strikes on oil infrastructure during the Russo-Ukrainian War. The incident caused large-scale fires, air pollution, and disruption to oil transport operations.
The strikes targeted the Perm linear production and dispatch station, part of the Transneft pipeline system, as well as a nearby Perm refinery operated by Lukoil. According to reports, key oil processing units were damaged and multiple storage tanks caught fire, leading to multi-day blazes.
== Events ==
== Impact ==
The environmental impact was significant. Residents reported dense black smoke over the city and surrounding areas, as well as fallout described as "oil rain", containing petroleum products fell over parts of Perm. Local authorities acknowledged the air pollution, while emergency services were deployed to contain the fires.
The attacks also disrupted regional oil transportation infrastructure, temporarily affecting pipeline operations and refinery output. The incident was noted as one of the deepest strikes of the war, occurring more than 1,500 km from the Ukrainian border.
== See also ==
2026 Tuapse environmental disaster
Environmental impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine
== References ==

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title: "Approaching Science"
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Approaching Science (Chinese: 走近科学; pinyin: Zǒujìn Kēxué) was a documentary film program of China's CCTV-10. It was first broadcast on June 1, 1998, and has become a "popular program of CCTV". The programme ceased to continue after the last episode was aired on 30 September 2019. Its host was Zhang Tengyue.
The subjects of the program include biology, archaeology, psychology, etc.
== Reception ==
Positive
Approaching science has received positive reviews, as it was in line with the condition of a large number of Chinese people with low education and a large number of so-called "supernatural events" circulating among the people at that time. It disenchanted all kinds of so-called "supernatural events" and guided the people to believe in scientific interpretation. The program has changed the previous Chinese popular science TV programs, and it was known as "an interest revolution in TV science programs".
Negative
Approaching Science has received negative reviews as it "lacks science confirm", "claims that concerned person is suffering from hysteria when experts' methods are unable to explain strange phenomenon around concerned person", "exaggerate scare atmosphere" which makes the program to be perceived as pseudoscience.
== References ==

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title: "Beautiful Young Minds"
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Beautiful Young Minds was a documentary first shown at the BRITDOC Festival on 26 July 2007 and first broadcast on BBC 2 on 14 October 2007. The documentary follows the selection process and training for the U.K. team to compete in the 2006 International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), as well as the actual event in Slovenia. Many of the young mathematicians featured in the film had a form of autism, which the documentary links to mathematical ability. The team goes on to win numerous medals at the IMO, including four silver and one bronze. It was directed by Morgan Matthews, edited by Joby Gee and featured music by Sam Hooper. It was also screened at the Bath Film Festival in October 2007. The documentary inspired the 2014 film X+Y, which was also directed by Morgan Matthews, based on IMO participant Daniel Lightwing.
== Awards ==
== References ==
== External links ==
IMDb.com: Beautiful Young Minds
Plus Magazine: Beautiful young minds Archived 5 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine

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title: "Best Evidence (TV series)"
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Best Evidence is a documentary television series on the Discovery Channel and Discovery Times channel that began airing in January 2007. The series was produced by Phil Dejardins and Creative Differences Inc.
== Reception ==
Emily Ashby of Common Sense Media wrote that the series gives "an intriguing look at how scientific advances bring us closer to answering established mysteries", but "there are no definitive conclusions to be found here, which is both frustrating and thought-provoking". Erin McWhirter of The Daily Telegraph called the episode about the TWA Flight 800 explosion "informative and intriguing". In a review of the series' video publication, Louisville Eccentric Observer reviewers David B. King and Bill Raker said it "combines cutting-edge science, Fortean phenomena and conspiracy theory into a fun, spicy stew of bigfoots, deliberate plane crashes, near-death experiences and more".
== Episodes ==
"TWA Flight 800"
"Bigfoot"
"Chemical Contrails": Jet-aircraft vapor trails may be toxic.
"The Roswell Incident"
"John Wayne's Death"
"Cattle Mutilations"
"Near-Death Experiences"
"Alien Abductions"
"Crop Circles"
"The Visitors"
"Strange Encounters"
"The Government Cover Up"
"UFO Phenomenon"
"Government Cover-up"
== References ==
== External links ==
Best Evidence schedule on Discovery Channel
Best Evidence schedule on Discovery Times

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title: "Beyond Invention"
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Beyond Invention is an 8-part documentary television series that premiered on February 12, 2004, on Discovery Channel Canada and, as of 2007, airs on the Science Channel.
The series was produced by Mystique Films in partnership with Gryphon Productions and is narrated by John Payne. It primarily focuses on cutting edge and fringe science and technology.
== Episodes ==
New Energy: New forms of energy resources. Features John Hutchison (the "Hutchison Effect"): Col. John B. Alexander (United States Army Intelligence and Security Command, retired; psychokinetic investigator), Nick Cook (Jane's Defence Weekly), zero-point battery. Anti-gravity: Tim Ventura (lifter researcher), ion wind. Joseph Newman's energy machine: Milton Everett (retired mechanical engineer), publicist Evan Soule, Alvin Swimmer, patent attorney Paul Gomory.
Cryptozoology: Rick Noll stalks Bigfoot, artist Jason Walton and scientist Dr. Paul LeBlond tracks a 60-foot (18 m)-long sea monster, and Dean Harrison tracks the Tasmanian tiger, which experts say died out 70 years ago.
Cloning: Brigitte Boisselier says she's already cloned five humans, Robert Lanza is using cloning to rescue endangered species, and Lou Hawthorne of Genetic Savings & Clone clones pets.
Amazing Flying Machines: Hovercraft, flying cars, space tourism. Features inventors Kevin Inkster, Paul Moller, and Steve Bennett.
Animal-Inspired Innovations: Jeffrey Turner, a geneticist who stops bullets by splicing spiders with goats. Keller Autumn, a biologist who dreams of sending robotic lizards to Mars. Bob McIntyre, a country inventor unleashing a bionic predator over the rooftops of Scotland.
Gadgets: Features toymaker Brian Walker, composer Tod Machover, and Mike Wescombe-Down, the creator of a shark-stopping device.
Enhancing Sexuality: Using silicone for enhancing sex. Features Michelle Mone (cleavage enhancement), Jana Sylvest and Otter Louis (erotic toys), and Matt McMullen (lifelike dolls).
Artificial Intelligence: Barry Spletzer builds flying robots, cyber pioneer Demetri Terzopoulos creates life inside the computer, and electronics engineer Robert Michelson brings smart swarming bugs to the military.
== External links ==
Mystique Films: Beyond Invention
Science Channel: Beyond Invention schedule
Beyond Invention at Internet Movie Database

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title: "Brave New World with Stephen Hawking"
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Brave New World with Stephen Hawking is a 2011 science documentary television mini-series presented by Professor Stephen Hawking who examines how science is striving for humankind's next leap forward.
The series has been released in DVD format on 16 October 2012 and includes a 16-page viewer's guide.
== Episodes ==
Episode 1 : Machines
Episode 2 : Health
Episode 3 : Technology
Episode 4 : Environment
Episode 5 : Biology
== See also ==
Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking's Universe
== References ==
== External links ==
Official website
Brave New World with Stephen Hawking at IMDb

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title: "Break the Science Barrier"
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Break the Science Barrier is a 1996 television documentary written and presented by Richard Dawkins, which promotes the viewpoint that scientific endeavour is not only useful, but also intellectually stimulating and exciting. Featuring interviews with many well-known figures from the world of science and beyond, it was originally broadcast on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom — the first of a series of collaborations between Dawkins and the station — before being released on DVD more than a decade later. The documentary contains many of the themes later expounded in his book Unweaving the Rainbow, which was published two years after the initial broadcast.
== References ==
== External links ==
Break the Science Barrier on Google Videos

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title: "British Isles A Natural History"
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British Isles A Natural History is an eight-part documentary series produced by the BBC Natural History Unit and presented by Alan Titchmarsh. Originally broadcast in the UK on BBC One from September to November 2004, it took viewers on a journey from the formation of what is now the British Isles some 3 billion years ago to the present day, revealing how natural and human forces have shaped the landscape. Each of the 50-minute episodes was followed by a 10-minute short specific to each region of the British Isles. In 2007, the BBC made a companion series about British wildlife called The Nature of Britain, also presented by Titchmarsh.
A 3-disc Region 2 and 4 DVD set (BBCDVD1506) featuring all eight episodes was released on 29 November 2004. Titchmarsh wrote an accompanying book, also called British Isles: A Natural History, and released by BBC Books on 1 October 2004. (ISBN 0-563-52162-7)
== Filming ==
On 30 May 2003 while filming near the Sycamore Gap Tree, the helicopter crashed around 30 metres (98 ft) away, narrowly avoiding presenter Alan Titchmarsh. The four on board the aircraft were lightly injured.
== References ==
== External links ==
British Isles A Natural History at BBC Online
British Isles: A Natural History at BBC Online
British Isles: A Natural History at IMDb

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title: "Catastrophe (2008 TV series)"
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Catastrophe is a five-part British documentary television series telling the story of the catastrophic events that shaped planet Earth. It is presented by Tony Robinson and was first aired on Channel 4 on 24 November 2008. The series producer was Stephen Marsh with researcher Rhodri Jones.
== Episodes ==
== References ==
== External links ==
Official website
Catastrophe at IMDb

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title: "Catch Me a Colobus"
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Catch Me a Colobus is a television series narrated by Gerald Durrell, the well-known British naturalist and writer, which was shown on BBC children's television in 1966.
It described an expedition to Sierra Leone to catch colobus monkeys for Durrell's zoo in Jersey.
Durrell also wrote a 1972 book of the same name.
== References ==

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title: "Clinic of Zaragoza radiotherapy accident"
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The 1990 Clinic of Zaragoza radiotherapy accident was a radiological accident that occurred from 10 to 20 December 1990, at University Clinic Hospital Lozano Blesa of Zaragoza, in Aragon, Spain.
In the accident, at least 27 patients were injured, and 11 of them died due to the overexposure, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). All of the injured were cancer patients receiving external beam radiotherapy.
== Chronology ==
On 7 December 1990, a technician performed maintenance on an electron accelerator at the Clinic of Zaragoza. On 10 December, it returned to service after the repairs.
Affected patients immediately suffered burns on the skin of the irradiated area, as well as inflammation of the internal organs and bone marrow. The first overexposed patient died on 16 February 1991, two months after irradiation. Fatalities increased until, on 25 December 1991, the last of a total of 25 patients died. The IAEA established that 11 of the deaths were due to the faulty maintenance.
On 19 December 1990, the Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) was scheduled to make its annual review of the device but, due to bureaucratic reasons, this review was delayed. The CSN found the electron accelerator power was too high. The unit was deactivated on 20 December 1990 and restarted on 8 March 1991.
== The accident ==
The radiotherapy unit was repaired without following the correct instructions. The unit, in service 14 years at the time of the failure, had a breakdown in the electron beam accelerator control system ("deviator"). Repairs incorrectly increased output power, so patients that should have received therapy at 7 MeV were instead treated at 40 MeV.
== See also ==
Therac-25
Ionizing radiation
List of civilian radiation accidents
Radioactive scrap metal
List of orphan source incidents
1962 Mexico City radiation accident
Goiânia accident
Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents
Ciudad Juárez cobalt-60 contamination incident
Samut Prakan radiation accident
== References ==

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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryonics__Freeze_Me" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryonics__Freeze_Me"
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title: "Deep Sea Detectives"
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Deep Sea Detectives is a television show on the History Channel that aired for four seasons between 2003 and 2006. It was co-hosted by diver and historian Richie Kohler.
== References ==
== External links ==
Deep Sea Detectives at IMDb

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title: "Evolve (TV series)"
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Evolve is a 2008 documentary television series on the History Channel.
Each episode attempts to explain the evolutionary origins of a particular trait of living creatures: for example, Tyrannosaurus rex's 13-inch teeth, the gecko's "Velcro-like" toe pads, and the bald eagle's "telescopic" vision capable of spotting a hare a mile away.
== List of episodes ==
There are 11 episodes, which are available to buy in a compilation box set. The box incorrectly lists 13 episodes. Topics are of the episode as named.
=== Season 1 ===
"Eyes", Original air date: 29 July 2008
"Guts", ''Original air date: 5 August 2008
"Jaws", Original air date: 12 August 2008
"Sex", Original air date: 19 August 2008
"Skin", Original air date: 26 August 2008
"Flight", Original air date: 2 September 2008
"Communications", Original air date: 14 September 2008
"Size", Original air date: 8 November 2008
"Venom", Original air date: 8 November 2008
"Shape", Original air date: 8 November 2008
"Speed", Original air date: 26 March 2009
== References ==
== External links ==
"History.com — American & World History". HISTORY.com.
Evolve at IMDb

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title: "Exploring Time"
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Exploring Time is a two-hour TV documentary mini-series about natural time scale changes that aired in 2007 on The Science Channel.
The documentary is a co-production of Twin Cities Public Television, Red Hill Studios, and NHK. It was made possible by a major grant from the National Science Foundation, and produced in association with Arte France and Granada International.
== Part/Hour 1 ==
Introduction to Timescales: Days to Decades
Decades to Centuries
Centuries to Thousand of Years
Thousands of Years to Millions of Years
Millions to 100's [sic] of Millions of Years
100's [sic] of Millions of Years
Billions of Years, The Lifespan of the Universe
== Part/Hour 2 ==
Introduction to Smaller and Smaller Timescales
Human Perception of Time, From Days to Hours
Hours to seconds
Seconds to Tenths of Seconds
Tenths of Seconds to Milliseconds
Milliseconds to Microseconds
Microseconds to Nanoseconds
Nanoseconds to Attoseconds
Attoseconds to Planck Time
Planck Time, the Shortest Timescale Imaginable
== External links ==
Official Website

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"Failure is not an option" is a phrase associated with NASA Flight Director Gene Kranz and the Apollo 13 Moon landing mission. Although Kranz is often attributed with having spoken those words during the mission, he did not actually say the phrase. The origin of the phrase is from the preparation for the 1995 film Apollo 13 according to FIDO Flight Controller Jerry Bostick:
In preparation for the movie, the script writers, Al Reinert and Bill Broyles, came down to Clear Lake to interview me on "What are the people in Mission Control really like?" One of their questions was "Weren't there times when everybody, or at least a few people, just panicked?" My answer was "No, when bad things happened, we just calmly laid out all the options, and failure was not one of them." ... I immediately sensed that Bill Broyles wanted to leave and assumed that he was bored with the interview. Only months later did I learn that when they got in their car to leave, he started screaming, "That's it! That's the tag line for the whole movie, Failure is not an option."
== Film ==
Failure is not an option is the tag line of the 1995 film Apollo 13. It is spoken in the film by Ed Harris, who portrayed Gene Kranz, and said
We've never lost an American in space; we're sure as hell not going to lose one on my watch! Failure is not an option.
== Gene Kranz autobiography ==
Gene Kranz titled his 2000 memoir Failure Is Not An Option. Kranz chose the line as the title because he liked the way it reflected the attitude of mission control. In the book, he states that it was
a creed that we [NASA's Mission Control Center] all lived by: "Failure is not an option".
== History Channel documentary ==
Failure Is Not an Option is also a presentation on the History Channel documenting the United States' space program with insights from the flight engineers, project managers, flight controllers, astronauts, and others involved inside the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Speakers include Chris Kraft, Gene Kranz, Jim Lovell, Jerry Bostick, Ed Fendell, Gene Cernan, John Llewellyn, John Aaron, Glynn Lunney, Wally Schirra, and Gerry Griffin. It takes the viewer from the Launch of Sputnik through the Moon missions. It was produced in 2003.
From the History Channel website:
Failure Is Not An Option tells the story of the men and women behind the space program the men and women of mission control. see full quote
== References ==

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How Science Changed Our World is a 2010 BBC television documentary presented by Robert Winston (first broadcast on 23 December 2010 on BBC One). It focuses on ten scientific advances, which according to the producers, had the biggest impact on our lives. Viewers were asked to vote on their favourite advancement.
== Breakthroughs ==
Combined oral contraceptive pill
Microchip
Magnetic resonance imaging
Laser
Biomechanics
World Wide Web
Big Bang theory (Robert Winston's choice)
Human Genome Project
Stem cell research
In vitro fertilisation
== Credits ==
Series Producer: Sophie Todd
Presenter: Robert Winston
Producer: Naomi Austin
== External links ==
How Science Changed Our World at BBC
Review at The Independent
== Results of the Viewer Poll ==
With 23000 votes.
Microchip (37.3%)
World Wide Web (18.7%)
Stem cell research (14.3%)
Human Genome Project (10%)
Laser (6.2%)
Big Bang theory (6.1%)
Magnetic resonance imaging (3.9%)
In vitro fertilisation (2.8%)
Combined oral contraceptive pill (2.7%)
Biomechanics (2.1%)
(These results have not been confirmed but are deemed reliable.)

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title: "In the Womb"
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category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:18.591736+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
In the Womb is a documentary television special miniseries that was premiered on March 6, 2005, on the National Geographic Channel. Originally beginning as a special about human pregnancy (titled Life Before Birth in the UK), the program features the development of embryos in the uterus of various animal species. The show makes extensive use of computer-generated imagery to recreate the real stages of the process.
== Episodes ==
== See also ==
List of programs broadcast by National Geographic Channel
== External links ==
Official website
Life Before Birth (2005) at IMDb
Animals in the Womb (2006) at IMDb
In the Womb: Multiples (2007) at IMDb

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title: "Inside Nature's Giants"
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category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:19.737149+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Inside Nature's Giants is a British science documentary, first broadcast in June 2009 by Channel 4. The documentary shows experts performing dissection on some of nature's largest animals, including whales and elephants.
The programme is presented by Mark Evans. The series attempts to uncover the secrets of the animals examined. Mark is assisted by evolutionary biologists Richard Dawkins and Simon Watt, and comparative anatomist Joy Reidenberg. In 2012, it aired on PBS in the United States, and repeats occasionally air on Eden and Watch in the UK.
== Episodes ==
=== Series 1 (2009) ===
Note: The season received the 2010 BAFTA Television Award for Best Specialist Factual.
=== Series 2 (2010) ===
=== Series 3 (2011) ===
=== Series 4 (2012) ===
== References ==
== External links ==
Inside Nature's Giants at IMDb
Inside Nature's Giants at Channel 4
Inside Nature's Giants at National Geographic Channel
Inside Nature's Giants on PBS

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title: "Inventions That Changed the World"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inventions_That_Changed_the_World"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:20.894799+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Inventions That Changed the World is a five-part BBC Two documentary series presented by Jeremy Clarkson. First broadcast on 15 January 2004, the programme takes a look at some of the inventions that helped to shape the modern world. The UKTV channel Yesterday frequently repeats this series. However, episodes are edited to 46 minutes to allow for commercials to air in the one-hour time slot. Originally planned for a 6-part run, only 5 episodes were broadcast.
== Episodes ==
== Reception ==
A Daily Telegraph review of "The Television" episode called it "enjoyable and wittily written" in an "ironic and debunking" tone.
== See also ==
Inventions of America
Inventions of the Islamic Golden Age
== References ==
== External links ==
Inventions That Changed the World at IMDb
BBC Press Release

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title: "James May at the Edge of Space"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_May_at_the_Edge_of_Space"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:22.094210+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
James May at the Edge of Space is a British documentary in which television presenter James May came close to fulfilling his lifelong dream to be an astronaut by flying to the stratosphere in a Lockheed U-2 spy plane. It was first aired on BBC Four on 21 June 2009 as part of commemorations of the 40th anniversary of the first Apollo Moon landing, and tied in with another May documentary an hour earlier on BBC Two called James May on the Moon.
The programme followed May's three days of training with the United States Air Force at Beale Air Force Base in which he practised safety drills and learnt how to use a space suit correctly. With training complete, he was taken on a four-hour flight reaching an altitude of over 70,000 feet (21,000 m), piloted by instructor pilot Major John "Cabi" Cabigas.
== External links ==
James May at the Edge of Space at BBC Online
James May at the Edge of Space at IMDb

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---
title: "James May on the Moon"
chunk: 1/1
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_May_on_the_Moon"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:23.284017+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
James May on the Moon is a British documentary in which James May commemorates the 40th anniversary of the Apollo Moon landings. It was first aired on BBC Two on 21 June 2009 and on 10 November 2009 on BBC America in the United States.
The show saw May interviewing Apollo moonwalkers Harrison Schmitt, Alan Bean, and Charlie Duke, before himself experiencing weightlessness and G-forces similar to that of a Saturn V rocket launch.
As a passenger in a Lockheed U-2 spy plane, May flies to the stratosphere with his instructor pilot, Major John "Cabi" Cabigas, where they are able to view the curvature of the Earth and the atmosphere. His training for this was shown in the BBC Four documentary James May at the Edge of Space.
== References ==
== External links ==
James May on the Moon at BBC Online
James May on the Moon at IMDb

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---
title: "Journeys into the Ring of Fire"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journeys_into_the_Ring_of_Fire"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:24.448727+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Journeys into the Ring of Fire is BBC documentary series that was first broadcast in 2006 on BBC One and has been rerun several times on BBC Four. In this series of four programmes, the geologist Professor Iain Stewart travels to four locations on the Pacific Rim to discover how geology has shaped human history and culture in these regions. The series was produced by Jeremy Phillips and was a BBC and Science Channel co-production.
== Episodes ==
== References ==
== External links ==
Journeys into the Ring of Fire at BBC Online
Journeys into the Ring of Fire at IMDb

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title: "Law enforcement warning"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement_warning"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:00.470850+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
A law enforcement warning (SAME code: LEW) is a warning issued through the Emergency Alert System (EAS) in the United States to warn the public of criminal, and sometimes hazardous weather events that pose a threat to public safety. These include jailbreaks, riots, bomb explosions, and on rare occasions, severe weather events like blizzards. An authorized law enforcement agency may blockade roads, waterways, or facilities, evacuate or deny access to affected areas, and arrest violators or suspicious persons. The warning is usually issued by a law enforcement agency and is relayed by the National Weather Service.
== Examples ==
BULLETIN EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
LAW ENFORCEMENT WARNING
RELAYED BY NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
627 AM CDT THU JUL 19 2012
THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE IS TRANSMITTED AT THE REQUEST OF...
TULSA POLICE DEPARTMENT
RESIDENTS IN AN AREA BETWEEN 16TH AND 17TH STREETS...FROM 108TH EAST
AVENUE TO 109TH EAST AVENUE NEED TO STAY IN THEIR HOMES...LOCK ALL
DOORS...AND ARE NOT TO COME OUTSIDE AS POLICE ARE PURSUING AN ARMED
SUSPECT.
$$
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
LAW ENFORCEMENT WARNING
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
RELAYED BY NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GRAND RAPIDS MI
1030 PM EDT SAT SEP 29 2012
THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE IS TRANSMITTED AT THE REQUEST OF THE
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT.
CITY OF WHITE CLOUD RESIDENTS...PLEASE LOCK ALL YOUR DOORS
IMMEDIATELY. POLICE ARE SEARCHING FOR TWO ESCAPED INMATES FROM THE
LAKE COUNTY JAIL WHO HAVE BEEN SIGHTED IN WHITE CLOUD. BOTH
SUSPECTS ARE WHITE MALES WEARING WHITE T-SHIRTS AND BLUE JEANS.
ONE IS 5 FOOT 10 INCHES TALL AND 155 POUNDS WITH RED HAIR AND BLUE
EYES. THE OTHER IS 5 FOOT 11 INCHES TALL AND 185 POUNDS WITH BROWN
HAIR AND BLUE EYES. IF YOU HAVE ANY INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT
NEWAYGO COUNTY CENTRAL DISPATCH AT 2 3 1 8 6 9 5 2 8 8.
$$
CAC093-202208-
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Law Enforcement Warning
CA Siskiyou County
Relayed by National Weather Service Medford OR
908 AM PST Wed Nov 20 2024
...I-5 Closure in Siskiyou County...
The following message is transmitted at the request of Siskiyou
County.
Road Closure Alert: Interstate 5 is Closed due to winter weather
conditions. Check for updates at quickmap.dot.ca.gov
South Bound I-5 CLOSED AT EDGEWOOD EXIT 751: Southbound I5 is
CLOSED to all vehicles and trucks... due to winter weather
conditions.
North Bound I-5 CLOSED TO ALL TRAFFIC: Northbound Interstate 5 is
closed to ALL vehicles and trucks at Exit 689 - Fawndale...
$$
== References ==

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title: "Lax Ksiluux"
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category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:01.682529+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Lax Ksiluux or Laxksiluux is a former Nisga'a village in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. It existed on the south side of the Nass River between the modern Nisga'a villages of Gitwinksihlkw and Gitlaxt'aamiks.
Lax̱ Ksiluux was in existence prior to the eruption of Tseax Cone in the 18th century which buried the community with thick lava flows along with the nearby Nisga'a community of Wii Lax K'abit.
== See also ==
Nisga'a Memorial Lava Bed Provincial Park
== References ==

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title: "Local area emergency"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_emergency"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:02.855206+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
A local area emergency (SAME code: LAE) is an advisory that is issued by local authorities through the Emergency Alert System (EAS) in the United States to notify the public of an event that does not pose a significant threat to public safety and/or property by itself, but could escalate, contribute to other more serious events, or disrupt critical public safety services. Instructions, other than public protective actions, may be provided. Examples include: a disruption in water, electric, or natural gas service, road closures due to excessive snowfall, or a potential terrorist threat where the public is asked to remain alert.
== Example ==
WVC039-221900-
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Local Area Emergency
WV Kanawha County
Relayed by National Weather Service Charleston WV
1229 PM EDT Wed Apr 22 2026
The following message is transmitted at the request of the WV
Kanawha County.
A shelter in place remains in effect within 1 mile of the
Catalyst Refiners in Institute, including West Virginia State
University. This does not include within the St. Albans city
limits. Please tune into local news and radio for updates.
$$
== References ==
http://www.srh.noaa.gov/bro/?n=mapcolors
http://www.srh.noaa.gov/lub/?n=nonweathercemdescriptions
This article incorporates public domain material from Non-weather Related Emergency Message Description Guidelines (PDF). United States government.

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title: "Logan Township explosion"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_Township_explosion"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:04.029500+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
The Logan Township explosion (also referred to as the Savita Naturals explosion) was an industrial disaster that occurred on March 4, 2026, in Logan Township, New Jersey. The explosion occurred at the Savita Naturals manufacturing facility within the Pureland Industrial Complex, resulting in multiple critical injuries and a significant emergency response that impacted the surrounding Gloucester County area.
== Incident ==
At approximately 2:30 p.m. EST, a massive explosion occurred at the Savita Naturals building within the Pureland Industrial Complex. The force of the blast caused a partial collapse of the one-story manufacturing facility and was felt by residents several miles away. Initial emergency calls reported a "heavy fire" and a large plume of black smoke visible from Interstate 295 and U.S. Route 322.
A shelter-in-place order covering a 2-mile (3.2 km) radius was issued for all residents and businesses near Heron Drive and High Hill Road. This order remained in effect for over two hours before being lifted at 5:00 p.m. after officials determined there was no immediate chemical threat to the public.
== Casualties ==
At least six people were injured in the blast. Four employees of Savita Naturals were transported to Cooper University Hospital in critical condition. At least three victims suffered severe burns.
== Investigation ==
The investigation is being led by the Gloucester County Prosecutor's Office in coordination with state fire marshals and federal safety agencies. Investigators are focusing on the manufacturing processes in place at the time of the blast and on the integrity of the facility's fuel storage systems.
== Impact ==
The explosion was captured on numerous residential security cameras, showing the moment the building erupted. The event caused significant traffic delays on the Commodore Barry Bridge and surrounding highways.
== See also ==
Industrial disasters in the United States
2026 in the United States
== References ==

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title: "Louisville factory explosion"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisville_factory_explosion"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:05.227462+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
On November 12, 2024, at around 3 p.m., an explosion at a manufacturing facility for food coloring in Louisville, Kentucky killed two people and injured 12 workers. Injured people, two of whom were in critical condition, were transported to University of Louisville Hospital and Baptist East Hospital. As of November 13, The cause of the explosion is not known.
== Background ==
Givaudan Color Sense, the plant operator, is a food coloring brand associated with the international Swiss manufacturer Givaudan. The facility was previously owned and operated by D.D. Williamson & Co. (DDW).
The facility was the site of another explosion in April 2003, when, while owned by DDW, one person was killed after a process vessel became overpressurized and catastrophically failed.
In May 2023, the plant was cited by the Louisville Air Pollution Control District for failing to provide compliance reports for air quality control operations. In December of the same year, the plant was cited again for releasing excessive amounts of food coloring powder into the air, which landed on neighboring properties. For years prior to the explosion, neighbors complained of strange smells coming from the facility.
== Explosion ==
At around 3 p.m., on November 12, 2024, an explosion at the facility caused a partial collapse and shattered the windows of nearby buildings. Emergency services quickly responded to the explosion, which was declared a hazardous materials incident. A shelter in place was issued for a 1-mile radius from the area, and an evacuation order for the adjacent two blocks. At 4:40 p.m., the shelter-in-place was lifted.
== References ==

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title: "Malanada firework disaster"
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tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:06.433335+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
The Malanada firework disaster was a disaster in which 33 people lost their lives after a fire broke out in the Malanada temple at Poruvazhy in Kollam district, Kerala, India, on 23 March 1990. An electric spark in the place where the fireworks where stored caused the explosion. At a distance of 1.5 kilometres from Malanada, human remains of the victims were thrown up to Edakkad market. All the buildings around the temple were destroyed.
== References ==

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---
title: "Mandher Devi temple stampede"
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---
The Mandher Devi temple stampede occurred on Tuesday, 25 January 2005 at Mandher Devi temple near Wai in Satara district in Indian state of Maharashtra. The stampede broke out as 300,000 people converged on the Mandher Devi temple to undertake the annual pilgrimage on the full moon day of Shakambhari Purnima, in January and for participation in a 24-hour-long festival that includes ritual animal sacrifices to the goddess. Festivities also include the devotees breaking coconuts at Mangirbaba temple near the entrance and dancing with the Goddess Kalubai's idol held high.
Witnesses said the rush started around midday after some pilgrims slipped on the temple's steep stone steps, which were wet with coconut water spilled from fruit presented as offerings to the goddess Kalubai. A fire then broke out in shops nearby and gas cylinders exploded. Scores were crushed to death on the steep and narrow hill path leading to the temple and many others were charred. It was alleged that some drunk people had created the chaos which led to the disaster, as also mentioned by Justice (retd.) Rajan Kochar of Bombay High Court, in his report. 291 pilgrims died in the stampede.
== References ==
== External links ==
The Hindu Jan. 27, 2005
BBC News Jan 26, 2005
The Hindu Jan 26, 2005
Express India Jan 26, 2005
News India Jan 26, 2005

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title: "Maritime emergency"
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category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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instance: "kb-cron"
---
A maritime emergency refers to any critical situation at sea where a vessel or its crew faces immediate distress, such as mechanical failure, fire, severe weather, medical emergencies, or collisions. These emergencies can trigger rescue operations involving specialized maritime safety measures and coordination between various maritime organizations.
Modern maritime emergency response include rapid alert systems like the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System GMDSS, which enables vessels to send distress signals and receive assistance. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) Convention set the framework for coordinated rescue operations, ensuring that distress situations are managed efficiently and that vessels provide assistance to those in need.
== See also ==
Coast guard
Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB)
Flare gun
Global Maritime Distress Safety System
Lifeboat
Mayday
== References ==

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---
title: "Maritime incident"
chunk: 1/1
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_incident"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:09.954590+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Marine accident, maritime disaster or maritime incident refers to a transport accident involving watercrafts.
Writer William Langewiesche, in a 2018 Vanity Fair article, stated a statistic that in every two or three day period, a commercial ship sinks, and usually those ships are characterized by employees who make insufficient wages and companies which do not have sufficient safeguards; he added that the ones that sink are often registered to flag of convenience countries. He stated that maritime incidents often result from multiple factors, just as aviation accidents and incidents do. Langewiesche stated in 2018 that "Disasters at sea do not get the public attention that aviation accidents do, in part because the sea swallows the evidence."
== History ==
The sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912 led to the introduction of SOLAS (Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea).
== See also ==
List of maritime disasters
Maritime safety
Oil spill
Sailing ship accident
Ship collision
Shipwreck
== References ==
== Further reading ==
Olsen, Alexander Arnfinn (October 15, 2023). Maritime Accident and Incident Investigation. Routledge. (October 15 for online, October 16 for book versions) - Profile

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---
title: "Men in White (TV series)"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_in_White_(TV_series)"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:26.881877+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Men in White is a TV show starring Adam Rutherford, Basil Singer, and Jem Stansfield. The show revolved around the three scientists who try to solve average, everyday problems.
== References ==
== External links ==
Men in White at IMDb
http://www.channel4.com/science/microsites/M/men_in_white/index.html

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---
title: "Mercia Inshore Search and Rescue"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercia_Inshore_Search_and_Rescue"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:11.142936+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Mercia Inshore Search and Rescue (MISAR), also known as Mercia Rescue, was a water rescue team operating from the marina in Upton-upon-Severn, Worcestershire, England, established in 2005 when it split from Severn Area Rescue Association (SARA).
Mercia Rescue was a registered charity, staffed by volunteers reliant upon donations. The team are currently developing an NVQ qualification in water-borne rescue skills that will be made available to other rescue organisations in the near future.
Training in boat handling and VHF Marine Radio is to RYA standards, and Swiftwater rescue training to the American National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1670 Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Rescue is undertaken with the Rescue3 company in Bala, Wales. All qualifications are encompassed within a unique 10 unit training programme designed to maximise the skills, knowledge and professionalism of the working crews.
MISAR was a partner of the Environment Agency for the Upton flood barrier scheme.
MISAR was disbanded in 2020, with all assets transferred to SARA.
== See also ==
Royal National Lifeboat Institution covers the River Severn downstream of Avonmouth
Severn Area Rescue Association covers the River Severn upstream of Avonmouth to Wyre Forest
== References ==

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---
title: "Ministry of Aquatic and Air Transport (Venezuela)"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Aquatic_and_Air_Transport_(Venezuela)"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:12.328552+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
The Ministry of Aquatic and Air Transport (Spanish: Ministerio del Poder Popular para Transporte Acuático y Aéreo, "Ministry of the Popular Power of Aquatic and Air Transport", MPPTAA or MTAA) is a ministry of the Government of Venezuela. Its head office is on the 12th floor of the Torre Pequiven in Chacao Municipality, Caracas.
The ministry includes the Directorate General for the Prevention and Investigation of Aeronautical Accidents (Spanish: Dirección General para la Prevención e Investigación de Accidentes Aeronáuticos, DGPIAA), which investigates air accidents and incidents, and the Directorate General for the Prevention and Investigation of Aquatic Accidents (Spanish: Dirección General para la Prevención e Investigación de Accidentes Acuáticos), which investigates marine accidents and incidents.
The ministry also includes Conviasa and Simón Bolívar International Airport.
== History ==
Previously the National Institute of Civil Aviation served as the civil aviation agency, and the Civil Aviation Accident Investigation Board (Spanish: Junta Investigadora de Accidentes de Aviación Civil) investigated air accidents and incidents.
In November 2011 Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela, announced that the Ministry of Transport and Communications would be divided into two ministries, the MPPTAA and the Ministry of Ground Transport.
== References ==
== Further reading ==
Civil aviation law (Archive) (in Spanish)
== External links ==
Ministry of Aquatic and Air Transport (in Spanish)

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---
title: "Mizoram bridge collapse"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizoram_bridge_collapse"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:13.572509+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
On 23 August 2023, an under-construction railway bridge collapsed in northeastern Mizoram state of India. At least 26 labourers working on the site were killed in the accident that took place around 9:30 a.m. local time at Sairang, a town about 20 kilometers (12 miles) from Aizawl, the state capital.
The National Disaster Response Force was called to the scene to search for survivors.
According to the Northeast Frontier Railway, the accident occurred during work on the Bhairbi-Sairang New Line Railway Project. According to them, the construction was a project of the central government's railways ministry.
The Chief Minister of Mizoram Zoramthanga extended his condolences to all the bereaved families and wished a speedy recovery to the injured.
The Prime Minister's Office of India announced an ex-gratia of Rs. 200,000 from Prime Minister's National Relief Fund to be given to the next of kin of each deceased and Rs. 50,000 for the injured.
== References ==

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title: "Mobile Bay sailing disaster"
chunk: 1/1
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_Bay_sailing_disaster"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:14.746854+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
The Mobile Bay Sailing Disaster was a maritime disaster during the 57th Annual Dauphin Island Yacht Race, in Mobile Bay, Alabama on April 25, 2015. The event resulted in the deaths of six sailors, one of whose body was never recovered, and 8 sunken vessels.
== References ==

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---
title: "Mobile communications vehicle"
chunk: 1/1
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_communications_vehicle"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:15.923826+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
A mobile communications vehicle (MCV) is a specially-equipped vehicle capable of replacing remote radio communication facilities for mobile communications. An MCV is typically used support public safety communication needs during scheduled or emergency events. The vehicle may carry equipment to operate UHF and VHF frequencies. An MCV can be driven to a location to fill in radio coverage gaps or to replace a damaged radio communications tower. Once deployed the MCV operates unmanned.
== Equipment ==
Many MCVs are equipped with:
Diesel generators
Telephone connectivity
Satellite navigation
Satellite uplinks
Radio transmitters and receivers
== See also ==
Emergency Communications Response Vehicle
Emergency operations center
Outside broadcasting
Satellite truck
== References ==

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---
title: "Monsters Resurrected"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsters_Resurrected"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:28.064657+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Monsters Resurrected is an American edutainment television series that premiered on September 13, 2009, on the Discovery Channel. The program reconstructs extinct animals of both Mesozoic and Cenozoic. It is also called Mega Beasts.
== Episodes ==
== Home media ==
The complete 2-disc DVD was released on May 4, 2010 via Amazon. This release did not include Episode 5 (discussing Amphicyon).
== Reception ==
In a mixed review, Riley Black wrote in the magazine Smithsonian, "In the end, Monsters Resurrected left me feeling very conflicted. It was wonderful to see scientists describing real fossil evidence and the minutiae of paleontology—in the wake of Walking with Dinosaurs-type shows, it's good to see scientists make a comeback. Nevertheless, the action sequences of the show make me wonder how much of the scientific content actually got through to viewers. What did they remember after watching the show—the details of Acrocanthosaurus anatomy, or a Spinosaurus ripping into everything it came across with merciless abandon?" In a positive review, Brad Newsome of The Age said "the doco does a fine job of explaining the terror birds' killing power and evolutionary history" and called it "fun and educational".
== References ==

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title: "Musical Minds"
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Musical Minds is a Nova documentary based on neurologist Oliver Sacks's 2007 book Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain about music and the human brain aired on June 30, 2009 on Public Broadcasting Service (PBS).
The documentary features blind piano savant Derek Paravicini, Matt Giordano and Tony Cicoria.
== References ==
== External links ==
Official website PBS
"Our Brains on Music: The Science" The New York Times TV review June 29. 2009.

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title: "Naked Science"
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Naked Science is an American documentary television series that premiered in 2004 on the National Geographic Channel and ran through November 2011. The program featured various subjects related to science and technology. Some of the views expressed might be considered fringe or pseudo-science, and some of the scientists may present opinions which have not been properly peer-reviewed or are not widely accepted within their scientific communities.
== Episodes ==
== References ==
== External links ==
Naked Science at IMDb

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title: "Nanshan Colliery disaster"
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The Nanshan Colliery disaster is a fatal gas explosion that occurred on November 13, 2006 at the Nanshan Colliery in Lingshi County, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, China. Twenty-four people were killed. The mine was operating without any safety licence as its original had expired. While no official cause has emerged, the news agency Xinhua claims the explosion was triggered by incorrect usage of explosives.
== See also ==
Coal power in China
Blind Shaft
== References ==

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title: "Nasa Kiwe Corporation"
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The Nasa Kiwe National Corporation for the Reconstruction of the Páez River Basin and its Surrounding Areas (Spanish: Corporación Nacional para la Reconstrucción de la Cuenca del Río Páez y Zonas Aledañas NASA KIWE), or Nasa Kiwe Corporation (CNK), is a relief agency of the Government of Colombia created after the 1994 Páez River earthquake and its following aftermath, to help the victims and the affected communities of the Paez River basin area and to finance reconstruction projects.
== References ==

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title: "National Security Resources Board"
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The National Security Resources Board was a United States government agency created by the National Security Act of 1947 whose purpose was to advise the President, in times of war, on how to mobilize natural resources, manpower, and the scientific establishment to meet the demands of the Department of Defense.
== History ==
The board's ultimate goal was to conduct long-term, continuous planning to prepare the United States for adequate industrial and economic mobilization. The board was originally very ineffective, perhaps because authority was shared among all eight members rather than centralized in a single individual. In 1949, this was changed on the recommendation of the Hoover Commission. All power was vested solely in the chairman, and the board was moved to be part of the Department of Defense. It was later reassigned to the Executive Office of the President. Its role was eventually eliminated when its responsibilities were transferred to the Office of Defense Mobilization in June 1953.
== Mission ==
The organization had the following statutory duties:
policies concerning industrial and civilian mobilization in order to assure the most effective mobilization and maximum utilization of the Nation's manpower in the event of war.
programs for the effective use in time of war of the Nation's natural and industrial resources for military and civilian needs, for the maintenance and stabilization of the civilian economy in time of war, and for the adjustment of such economy to war needs and conditions;
policies for unifying, in time of war, the activities of Federal agencies and departments engaged in or concerned with production, procurement, distribution, or transportation of military or civilian supplies, materials, and products;
the relationship between potential supplies of, and potential requirements for, manpower, resources, and productive facilities in time of war;
policies for establishing adequate reserves of strategic and critical material, and for the conservation of these reserves;
the strategic relocation of industries, services, government, and economic activities, the continuous operation of which is essential to the Nation's security.
== Structure ==
The board was composed of eight members, one of whom served as its chairman.
In addition, at the time of its creation, the chairman of the National Security Resources Board also served ex officio as one of only seven permanent members of the National Security Council. The first chairman was businessman Arthur M. Hill.
== References ==
== Further reading ==
History of the National Security Council on the White House website
Text of the National Security Act of 1947
Archived Government Document

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title: "Nature Notebook"
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Nature Notebook is an Australian television series which aired in 1958 on ABC Television. The educational series was intended for schools and aired live in Melbourne on Wednesdays, but the episodes were kinescoped and shown at 7:30PM on Thursdays. Six episodes were produced, subject matters included Australian mammals, and the importance and functions of teeth. It may have also been shown in Sydney.
== References ==
== External links ==
Nature Notebook at IMDb

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title: "Nice Guys Finish First"
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Nice Guys Finish First (BBC Horizon television series) is a 1986 documentary by Richard Dawkins which discusses selfishness and cooperation, arguing that evolution often favors co-operative behaviour, and focusing especially on the tit for tat strategy of the prisoner's dilemma game. The film is approximately 50 minutes long and was produced by Jeremy Taylor.
The twelfth chapter in Dawkins' book The Selfish Gene (added in the second edition, 1989) is also named Nice Guys Finish First and explores similar material.
== Overview ==
In the opening scene, Richard Dawkins responds very precisely to what he views as a misrepresentation of his first book, The Selfish Gene. In particular, the response of some of the right wing using it as justification for social Darwinism and laissez-faire economics (free-market capitalism). Dawkins has examined this issue throughout his career and focused much of his documentary The Genius of Charles Darwin on this very issue.
The concept of reciprocal altruism is a central theme of this documentary. Additionally, Dawkins examines the infamous tragedy of the commons and the dilemma that it presents. He presents Port Meadow in Oxford, England, a large area of common land which has been battered by overgrazing, as an example of the tragedy of the commons. Fourteen academics as well as experts in game theory submitted their own computer programs to compete in a tournament to see who would win in the prisoner's dilemma. The winner was tit for tat, a program based on "equal retaliation", and Dawkins illustrates the four conditions of tit for tat:
Unless provoked, the agent will always cooperate
If provoked, the agent will retaliate
The agent is quick to forgive
The agent must have a good chance of competing against the opponent more than once
In a second trial, this time involving over sixty applicants, tit for tat won again.
== See also ==
Altruism in animals
Ethology
Evolutionarily stable strategy
Evolutionary game theory
Natural selection
Prisoner's Dilemma
Sociobiology
The Selfish Gene
Tit for tat
Tragedy of the commons
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
== References ==
== External links ==
Nice Guys Finish First at IMDb

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The Ninth Ward School disaster occurred on November 20, 1851, at Ward School No. 26 at 38 Greenwich Avenue where Charles Street ends in New York City. While classes were in session, panic suddenly arose among the teachers and students about a possible fire in the building. A mass of students proceeded to flee down a staircase, causing the bannister to fail and the students to tumble into a large pile—reportedly 10 to 12 feet (3.0 to 3.7 m) deep—at the bottom of the staircase. Forty-three students died, mostly due to suffocation. An investigation determined that the students' escape had been slowed by inward-swinging exit doors and that the construction of the staircase bannister was insufficient to support the weight of the students. While a coroner's jury found no fault in the accident, it recommended that all schools be built with fire-protected stairways and outward-opening exit doors.
== References ==

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title: "No. 21 Mine explosion"
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On December 8, 1981, 13 coal miners lost their lives as the result of an explosion at the No. 21 Mine, an underground coal mine near Whitwell, Tennessee.
The mine was owned by the Tennessee Consolidated Coal Company and operated by a subsidiary, the Grundy Mining Company.
A U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration investigation determined that the explosion occurred when a miner's cigarette lighter ignited a pocket of methane gas. Investigators found the mine operator at fault for failing to adequately ventilate the mineshaft, failing to evacuate workers from an area with high methane levels, and failing to effectively enforce regulations that banned smoking materials in mines.
In the 1983 settlement of a lawsuit, the mine owners agreed to pay a total of about $10 million to the survivors of ten of the 13 miners who were killed. The No. 21 Mine closed in 1997.
== References ==

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title: "ONEMI"
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ONEMI or National Office of Emergency of the Interior Ministry (Spanish: Oficina Nacional de Emergencia del Ministerio del Interior) was a Chilean government agency dedicated to the prevention, organization, coordination and information relative to natural disasters. After the 1960 Valdivia earthquake a committee was formed to solve problems caused by the earthquake. However, this committee was not dissolved afterwards and in 1974, it acquired by law independent status as governmental office.
Other state funded agencies and services that cooperate with ONEMI are CONAF in terms related to forests and wildlife and OVDAS in monitoring volcanoes.
On 1 January 2023, it legally ceased to exist and was replaced by the current National Service for Disaster Prevention and Response (Senapred), as specified in Law No. 21,364.
== 2010 Chile earthquake and trial ==
ONEMI has faced severe criticism after the 2010 Chile earthquake, the largest earthquake in Chile since the 1960 Valdivia earthquake. Criticism include the lack of coordination with other authorities and the SHOA (Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Chilean Navy). ONEMI, SHOA and the government have been accused of the initial neglect of the tsunami warning sent by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, which resulted in the deaths of hundreds of civilians. Currently several of the members from the SHOA and ONEMI are facing trial in the Chilean justice.
== See also ==
Ministry of the Interior and Public Security (Chile)
Francisca Cooper Integral Evacuation and School Safety Plan
== References ==
== External links ==
ONEMI's official site
Ministry of Interior (Chile)'s official site

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title: "Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives"
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Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives is a BAFTA-winning television documentary broadcast in 2007 on BBC Scotland and BBC Four, in which American rock musician Mark Oliver Everett talks with physicists and the former colleagues of his father—Hugh Everett—about his father's many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. The documentary was shot and directed by Louise Lockwood and edited by Folko Boermans.
The American premiere screening was at the 2008 inaugural World Science Festival in New York City.
The documentary was shown in full before each concert during the 2008 world tour of Eels.
A petition was started to persuade the BBC to issue the documentary on DVD.
Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives was broadcast in the United States on the PBS program Nova on 21 October 2008. The US version of the documentary features American voice actors for the narration. This version was available in DVD but has fallen out of print.
The British version of the documentary is narrated by Annie Mac. The NOVA version was narrated by journalist Stefanie E. Frame.
Everett called making the film "the single most rewarding experience of my life in many ways."
== References ==
== Further reading ==
Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives at IMDb
Healy, Pat, "Nova came for his soul: Eels front man on the healing power of a science doc about his dad" Metro newspaper, 21 October 2008.
Mark Oliver Everett, Things the Grandchildren Should Know, ISBN 978-0-316-02787-8
Nova review
Eels official website

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title: "Pasirpanjang, Indonesia"
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Pasirpanjang (Indonesian pronunciation: [pasɪrˈpaɲd͡ʒaŋ]) is a village in Brebes, Central Java, Indonesia. It is located at the foot of a mountain.
== 2018 landslide ==
In February 2018 the village was struck by a large channelised landslide which killed eighteen people who were in the streets and working in mountainside fields. Seven bodies were never recovered.
== References ==

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title: "Planet Mechanics"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Mechanics"
category: "reference"
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date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:35.207800+00:00"
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Planet Mechanics is a British TV program shown on the National Geographic Channel in 2008. The show has ended after the first series.
== Background ==
Planet Mechanics sees two engineers, Dick Strawbridge and Jem Stansfield, travelling in an eco-friendly workshop, previously a horse trailer, to fix the planet's most pressing environmental problems.
== Episodes ==
== External links ==
Planet Mechanics at IMDb
Planet Mechanics Website At National Geographic UK
Planet Mechanics Website At National Geographic AU

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title: "Plaza de toros El Progreso disaster"
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The Plaza de toros El Progreso disaster was a crowd crush that occurred in the Plaza de toros El Progreso at about 8:30 p.m. on 31 January 1965. The crush occurred at the tunnel and crew ramp of the venue, through which the people who had enjoyed the evening show of Mexican popular music were coming out and at the same time the public who would attend the night show was trying to enter.
The two crowds collided with each other, and as a consequence people were run over, causing some of them to be crushed, as others ran over them. The result was 19 people dead, and 35 injured.
Two shows had been scheduled for that Sunday, one in the evening at 5:00 p.m., and the second at night, at 8:30 p.m. The announced artists were the Hermanos Martínez Gil, La Rondalla Tapatía, Linda Vera, Los Dos Reales; a singer-songwriter and guitarist from El Salto, Mike Laure; Malú Reyes, Hermanas Huerta, Adolfo Garza, Pily Gaos, Mariachi Los Halcones, etcetera.
== See also ==
Crowd collapses and crushes § Crowd "stampedes"
== References ==

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title: "Predator X (TV program)"
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Predator X is a 2009 television special on the History Channel. The show documents the excavation of a giant pliosaur on an island in the Norwegian Svalbard archipelago. The special follows Dr. Jørn Hurum and a team of paleontologists from the University of Oslo as they excavate the site.
The specimen — claimed by Hurum at the time to be a new species — had not received a taxonomic classification by the time of the television special and was, therefore, codenamed "Predator X". The team initially called their discovery "The Monster", and the nickname has been used extensively by the media.
The initial discovery was made in 2006, as part of a find of dozens of pliosaur and plesiosaur specimens. First estimates were of nearly 15 m (49 ft) in length, "The Monster" is the largest pliosaur skeleton ever discovered, considerably larger than Kronosaurus. This estimate was later downsized to around 10~12m, and was then further revised to 9.8~10.3m, making it comparable to Kronosaurus in size.
In 2012, it was given the taxonomic name Pliosaurus funkei.
== References ==
== External links ==
Predator X at IMDb

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title: "Preparedness"
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Preparedness is a set of actions that are taken as precautionary measures in the face of potential disasters. Being prepared helps in achieving goals and in avoiding and mitigating negative outcomes.
There are different types of preparedness, such as public health preparedness and local emergency preparedness or snow preparedness, but probably the most developed type is "disaster preparedness", defined by the United Nations as involving "forecasting and taking precautionary measures before an imminent threat when warnings are possible". This includes not only natural disasters, but all kinds of severe damage caused in a relatively short period, including warfare.
Preparedness is a major phase of emergency management, and is particularly valued in areas of competition such as sport, military science and SRF cryomodule assembly.
Methods of preparation include research, estimation, planning, resourcing, education, practicing, and rehearsing.
== Organizations promoting emergency preparedness ==
In Canada, the Center for Preparedness is a federally incorporated, not-for-profit organization that promotes preparedness.
In the United States, the American Red Cross, a non-profit organization, provides disaster preparedness education.
These and other various organizations around the world may provide emergency kits and training.
== Preparedness as a whole community activity ==
In the United States, before Hurricane Katrina, the responsibility for emergency preparedness fell upon local first responders and other local emergency services. In the aftermath of Katrina, it became evident that first responders can and will become overwhelmed in a large-scale disaster; unable to effectively respond to the emergency.
In 2011, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) proposed a "Whole Community Approach" to emergency management. This approach includes individuals, families, businesses, faith-based and community groups, profitable groups, schools and academia, media outlets, and all levels of governments and assigns them a role in preparedness efforts.
== Legislation ==
In the United States, legislation such as the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act, and the Public Response and Emergency Preparedness (PREP) Act were enacted to develop the emergency personnel, procedures, drills, and plans needed in the event of an emergency.
== See also ==
== References ==
== External links ==
The dictionary definition of preparedness at Wiktionary
Media related to Preparedness at Wikimedia Commons

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Programme Yarrow is a British government contingency plan to deal with possible nationwide power blackouts. The plan includes scenarios where power supply is severely compromised for up to a week. The plan was originally developed in 2021 to address the possibility of a major failure of the National Grid.
The plan was stress tested by government in late 2022 to deal with possible outages caused by fuel shortages as a consequence of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Another exercise, Noble Birch, had been conducted in previous months to test the practicality of government continuity in the absence of power.
== References ==

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title: "Qassim building collapse"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qassim_building_collapse"
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The Qassim building collapse was a building collapse that left at least 9 Asian (including 8 Pakistanis) construction workers dead and another 6 injured in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. The disaster occurred on 28 April 2015.
== References ==

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title: "Raghagan Dam incident"
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On 21 July 2021, three boats sank on the first day of Eid-ul-Adha at Raghagan Dam in Bajaur, resulting in the deaths of four people and leaving 20 others missing. The first boat, carrying 18 tourists who had come to the dam for a picnic, capsized. A second boat, sent to rescue the passengers, also sank. The third boat, attempting to save those from the first two boats, met the same fate. Rescue boats, carrying seven people, also capsized during the operation.
The bodies of four victims have been recovered, while four others, including three children, were rescued and transported to the hospital in critical condition. Rescue officials have confirmed that 20 people remain missing, and efforts to locate them are ongoing.
Following the incident, residents of Raghgan Bazaar staged a protest, criticising the inadequate safety measures at Raghgan Dam, which they believe contributed to the tragedy.
== See also ==
Tanda Dam incident
== References ==

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title: "Raging Planet"
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Raging Planet is an American documentary television series that originally aired in 1997 and 2009 on the Discovery Channel. The program focuses on natural disasters. It currently airs periodically on the Science Channel.
== Summary ==
The show focuses on natural disasters, including tornadoes, hurricanes, avalanches, lightning, fires, volcanoes, earthquakes, and blizzards. It features videos taken during disasters, computer-generated imagery effects, and reenactments. Rescue workers, scientists, and survivors are interviewed. Season 2 was produced in 20082009 on HD format from locations around the world. Transmitted in the United States, the United Kingdom, and internationally in 2009 on the Discovery Channel, the series was directed by Mark Westcott, Alex Williamson, Susannah Ward, and Martin Gorst, and was produced by Pioneer TV.
== Episodes ==
=== Season 1 (1997) ===
The first season was produced in 1997 and it has ten episodes.
=== Season 2 (2009) ===
The second season was produced in 2009 on HD format and it has eight episodes.
== References ==
== External links ==
Video clips at Discovery.com
Raging Planet at IMDb

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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_Science_(TV_series)" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_Science_(TV_series)"
category: "reference" category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia" tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T07:46:29.227098+00:00" date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:43.049704+00:00"
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title: "Rumanura famine"
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The Rumanura famine was a famine that occurred between 1916 and 1918 during the Belgian military occupation of Ruanda-Urundi in World War I when the agricultural cycle of the Mulera region was at its low end and could not provide for the Bugoyi region.
== Overview ==
In 1916, hostilities in the region caused the Belgian and German troops to clash on Bugoyi Plain. During this time, famine broke out and rapidly spread, aggravated by unbalanced rainfalls as well as by feudal coercion. Unlike other famines that had taken place since 1897, the Rumanura famine spread until it eventually covered the whole kingdom.
== References ==

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title: "Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network"
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The Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network (SATERN) is a network of volunteer amateur radio operators based in North America. It works to provide emergency communications between Salvation Army posts during times of disaster, and to pass messages with health and welfare information between the Salvation Army and the general public.
In the 1950s, the Salvation Army ran the Salvationist Amateur Radio Operators Fellowship. By 1958, SAROF members were providing help in communications during emergencies. The group continued until 2016.
In the 1980s, several SAROF members discussed how to make this assistance more formal. SATERN was officially founded on June 25, 1988, with its first real test coming three months later during Hurricane Gilbert.
SATERN is open to amateur radio operators of all license classes, and of any (or no) religious faith. SATERN routinely operates on VHF and HF ham bands but may operate any mode on any amateur radio frequency during an event.
During the Northeast blackout of 2003, the group was active in upstate New York as well as the Salvation Army headquarters in Manhattan.
In 2005, SATERN handled over 20,000 health and welfare inquiries during Hurricane Katrina. Along with Skywarn, Hurricane Watch Net and Waterway net, SATERN provided information to the National Hurricane Center. SATERN also worked with the American Red Cross.
On May 5, 2011, during the 2011 Joplin Tornado, SATERN participants provided communication between Freeman Hospital and other hospitals for approximately 12 hours. SATERN equipment was used by emergency coordinators to communicate with Red Cross offices until 12:30 AM.
In 2018, Ford donated a customized Transit Van to SATERN in Kansas City, Missouri to use for mobile communications.
In June 2022, SATERN launched an international SSB Net on 14.325 MHz, with Hurricane Watch Net.
SATERN has expanded overseas, with operators based in Australia, Bermuda, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, Central and South America, Europe, the Middle East and New Zealand.
== See also ==
Amateur Radio Emergency Service
Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service
Mennonite Disaster Service
== References ==
== External links ==
SATERN
Salvation Army Disaster Services (US) website
Salvation Army Emergency Disaster Services (NC, US) website

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title: "Satsanga Deoghar disaster"
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The Satsang Deoghar disaster is a human stampede that occurred on 24 September 2012, in which twelve people died and thirty people were injured at the Satsang Ashram in Deoghar, Jharkhand.
The tragedy occurred when over 200,000 devotees assembled in the satsang complex in the prayer hall at the samadhi of Anukulchandra Chakravartyto celebrate the 125th anniversary of the ashram.
== References ==

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title: "Savage Planet (TV series)"
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Savage Planet is a 2000s documentary series produced for ITV in the United Kingdom, and for PBS in the United States. It focused on floods, hurricanes, landslides and other natural phenomena, telling the stories of those who have come face to face with some of nature's most awesome events or who live in some of the world's most inhospitable conditions. The series was first aired on 13 March 2000, and was narrated by the actor Ian Holm. It later aired on 6 June 2000 in the US, and was narrated by the actor Stacy Keach.
Savage Planet followed three earlier related documentary series which were broadcast during the 1990s. Savage Skies focused on weather phenomenons such as tornadoes, thunderstorms and snowstorms, and was broadcast in 1996. In 1998, Savage Earth was a four-part series that covered subjects such as volcanic eruptions, tsunami and earthquakes. In 1999, another four-part series, Savage Seas focused on subjects such as shark attacks, shipwrecks, and El Niño. All of these series were also narrated by Ian Holm. In the US, the first series was narrated by Al Roker and the remaining series were narrated by Stacy Keach.
== References ==
== External links ==
Savage Skies at IMDb
Savage Earth at IMDb
Savage Seas at IMDb
Savage Planet at IMDb

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title: "Science and Islam (TV series)"
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Science and Islam (2009) is a three-part BBC documentary about the history of science in medieval Islamic civilization presented by Jim Al-Khalili. The series is accompanied by the book Science and Islam: A History written by Ehsan Masood.
== Episodes ==
"The Language of Science"
"The Empire of Reason"
"The Power of Doubt"
== Interviews ==
The documentary contains several short segments with scientists and historians of science:
George Saliba
Simon Schaffer
Peter Pormann (medicine)
Amira K. Bennison
Okasha El Daly (egyptology)
Ian Stewart (algebra)
Nader El-Bizri
== See also ==
List of Islamic films
== External links ==
Science and Islam at BBC Online
Science and Islam at IMDb
"The Language of Science"
"The Empire of Reason"
"The Power of Doubt"
"Medieval Islam Influences", Reel Truth Science Documentaries.
"Ibn al-Haytham & Optics", Reel Truth Science Documentaries.
"Islamic Knowledge", Reel Truth Science Documentaries.

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title: "Science of Star Wars (miniseries)"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_of_Star_Wars_(miniseries)"
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Science of Star Wars is a 2005 television documentary miniseries aired by the Discovery Channel. The series features mainly archive footage from the actors of the original and prequel trilogies of the Star Wars saga.
The series explores and discusses various aspects of Star Wars from a scientific perspective. It compares many of the technologies in Star Wars and their similarities to modern technological progress and development. The series is divided into three episodes, one for the specific discussion of various related topics.
== See also ==
Star Wars Tech
== References ==
== External links ==
Science of Star Wars on IMDb
Science of Star Wars on Discovery Channel on TheForce.Net

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title: "Seismic Hazards Mapping Act"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_Hazards_Mapping_Act"
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The Seismic Hazard Mapping Act ("The Act") was enacted by the California legislature in 1990 following the Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989. The Act requires the California State Geologist to create maps delineating zones where data suggest amplified ground shaking, liquefaction, or earthquake-induced landsliding may occur ("seismic hazard zones").
The Act requires responsible agencies to approve only projects within seismic hazard zones following a site-specific investigation to determine if the hazard is present and inclusion of appropriate mitigation(s) if so. The Act also requires disclosure by real estate sellers and agents at the time of sale if a property is within one of the designated seismic hazard zones.
The Act called for the creation of an advisory board to the State Mining and Geology Board to advise on the Act's implementation. In a 2004 update to the seismic hazard zone mapping guidelines, this advisory body concluded the amplified ground motion hazard was already sufficiently addressed by the 2001 California Building Code. Consequently, zones for this hazard are not being mapped by the State Geologist.
== References ==
== External links ==
Law.justia.com: Seismic Hazards Mapping Act

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title: "Seven Worlds, One Planet"
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Seven Worlds, One Planet is a television documentary series co-produced by the BBC Studios Natural History Unit, BBC America, ZDF, France Télévisions, Tencent Penguin Pictures and CCTV-9. The seven-part series, in which each episode focuses on one continent, premiered on BBC One on 27 October 2019 and is narrated and presented by naturalist Sir David Attenborough. Over 1,500 people worked on the series, which was filmed over 1,794 days, with 92 shoots across 41 countries.
== Music ==
Sia, Chris Braide and Hans Zimmer collaborated on the song "Out There" for the series. The original television soundtrack titled "Seven Worlds One Planet Suite" was made by Zimmer and Jacob Shea, while Shea wrote the series' score.
== Episodes ==
Viewing data sourced from BARB.
"Two hundred million years ago, our planet looked very different from what it does today. It was entirely covered by sea, which surrounded one single supercontinent we call Pangaea. And then, Pangaea began to break up. Life was cast adrift on fragments of land, and these fragments eventually became our seven continents. We will see how life developed on each continent, giving rise to the extraordinary and wonderful diversity that we see today."
"Today, scientists tell us that we are at the start of a mass extinction, and one that is being caused by human activity. Over a million species could be wiped out, many within the next few decades. But, with help, even the most vulnerable wildlife populations can still recover... So we can improve things, if we determine to do so. This is a crucial moment in time. The decisions we take now will influence the future of animals, humanity, and indeed all life on Earth."
== References ==
== External links ==
Seven Worlds, One Planet at BBC Online
Seven Worlds, One Planet at IMDb
Seven Worlds, One Planet at BBC Earth

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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System_(TV_series)" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System_(TV_series)"
category: "reference" category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia" tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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title: "Sonman Mine explosion"
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The Sonman Mine Explosion occurred on July 15, 1940, at the Sonman Shaft Coal Co. in Portage Township, near Portage, Pennsylvania, in the United States. 63 miners died out of the estimated 90 trapped in the mine after the initial explosion. The explosion was centered in a section of the slope called the Right No. 16 heading. The rescue effort was hampered by the deadly methane gas which was presumed to have filled the chamber.
A memorial to the miners who died in the explosion was commissioned and originally placed in the UMWA Hall in Jamestown, Pennsylvania. In 1960, The memorial was relocated to the Crichton-McCormick Park in Portage. The Portage Station Museum offers a documentary about the disaster titled "63 Men Down - The Sonman Mine Explosion" along with coal mine and railroad artifacts and exhibits.
== External links ==
The Sonman Mine Explosion: Information about the deceased miners and news article from The Johnstown Tribune about the explosion.
The Portage Area Historical Society Portage Area Museum
63 Men Down - The Sonman Mine Explosion

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title: "Space (2001 TV series)"
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Space (Hyperspace in the United States) is a 2001 BBC documentary which ran for six episodes covering a number of topics in relation to outer space. The series is hosted and narrated by actor Sam Neill.
== Episodes ==
== DVD releases ==
The series was released on region 2 DVD in 2001 by BBC Video.
In 2002, the series was released in the United States on region 1 DVD (under the alternate title Hyperspace), also by BBC Video.
== External links ==
Space at BBC Online
Space at IMDb
Hyperspace (Space) at the Internet Archive (DVD)

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title: "Spontaneous Unaffiliated Volunteers"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontaneous_Unaffiliated_Volunteers"
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A Spontaneous Unaffiliated Volunteer (SUV) or Event-Based Volunteer refers to an individual who volunteers to assist community members or community organizations, typically after a large-scale or well-publicized disaster. Because unaffiliated volunteers lack consistent training, and each volunteer's trustworthiness is unknown, SUV management can be very difficult, and the subject of a large amount of research and practice.
In many community organizing circles, the term "Community Volunteer" is preferred, emphasizing the community-centric nature of unaffiliated volunteerism.
== References ==

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title: "Star Wars Tech"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_Tech"
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Star Wars Tech is a 2007 forty-six-minute television documentary about the science and technology of Star Wars including droids (robots) and other major aspects. The documentary was included in the special features in the Blu-ray release of all the Star Wars saga films.
It is directed by Rick Hill, who is also partially the writer alongside Kevin Burns and Steven Smith. Dave Hoffman serves as narrator. NASA propulsion engineer Todd Barber is also a credited participant of the documentary. Also included in the documentary are commentaries from predominant scientists such as Lawrence Krauss and Jeanne Cavelos.
== References ==
== External links ==
Star Wars Tech on IMDb
Star Wars Tech on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki

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title: "State Supervisory Commission for Flight Safety"
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The State Supervisory Commission for Flight Safety (Russian: Государственная комиссия по надзору за безопасностью полётов воздушных судов при правительстве СССР, Gosavianadzor, Госавианадзор СССР) was an agency of the government of the Soviet Union, under the Council of Ministers. The agency investigated aviation accidents and incidents. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, the former Soviet republics that joined the Commonwealth of Independent States formed the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC or MAK), the successor to the Gosavianadzor.
== References ==
== External links ==
"Accident and Incident Investigation In Soviet Practice." (Archive) Flight Safety Digest. Flight Safety Foundation. January 1992. p. 1. Prepared by the Gosavianadzor.

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title: "Stephen Hawking's Universe"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hawking's_Universe"
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Stephen Hawking's Universe is an astronomical documentary from 1997 made for the PBS featuring the theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking. The six-episode series discusses the history of astronomy as well as black holes and dark matter.
== Brief ==
Seeing is Believing
The Big Bang
Cosmic Alchemy
On the Dark Side
Black Holes and Beyond
An Answer to Everything
An extensive online companion site was produced to accompany the documentary. The online companion covers history of cosmology, unanswered questions and other topics related to the program. It was designed to function as both a supplement to the series and a stand-alone web piece. Along with details explaining terminology, different models of the universe, biographies of famous historical figures in cosmology and content derived from the program, the web companion included discussions by contemporary cosmologists of "unsolved mysteries", an opportunity to ask questions, as well as suggestions for experiments.
== Reception ==
The series was panned by critics. A review in The Age called the series "dull educational programming" that was "simply boring" and "visually weak", noting that Hawking's involvement was "mainly used here for name value". Jim Dawson wrote in Minneapolis's Star Tribune that reading Hawking's book was better than watching the PBS TV series, because "The book is less infuriating...The series seems afraid it might scare you with too much science."
== See also ==
Into The Universe with Stephen Hawking, a 2010 documentary mini-series
Stephen Hawking's Universe, a book written by John Boslough, published in June 1989, "an introduction to the most remarkable scientist of our time".
Stephen Hawking's Universe: The Cosmos Explained, a paperback book written by David Filkin, published in October 1998, "presents the frontiers of scientific knowledge about the basis of our existence & of everything around us".
== References ==
== External links ==
Program homepage
Stephen Hawking's Universe at IMDb

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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Disaster" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Disaster"
category: "reference" category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia" tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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title: "Tamahere coolstore fire"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamahere_coolstore_fire"
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The Tamahere coolstore fire was a major fire at the Icepak Coolstores in Tamahere, near Hamilton, New Zealand, on 5 April 2008.
Around 4:00pm on Saturday 5 April 2008, the New Zealand Fire Service dispatched two fire engines and eight firefighters from Hamilton Fire Station to an alarm activation at the Icepak Coolstores facility in Tamahere, 10 km southeast of the city. Upon arrival, firefighters found no signs of fire, but upon further investigating the alarm cause, found what appeared to be a refrigerant leak. At around 4:30pm, the 400 kg of propane-based refrigerant ignited explosively, injuring all eight firefighters and destroying one fire engine. One firefighter, Senior Station Officer Derek Lovell, later died in hospital as a result of his injuries, and another firefighter received burns to 71 percent of his body. $25 million worth of cheese was in the coolstores at the time, which melted in the fire and covered neighbouring homes.
Following the fire, Icepak Coolstores and the refrigeration company contracted to maintain the coolstores pleaded guilty to health and safety breaches, and combined were ordered to pay $393,000 in fines and reparation.
== References ==

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title: "Technical rescue"
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Technical rescue is the use of specialised tools and skills for rescue, including but not limited to confined space rescue, rope rescue, trench rescue, structural collapse rescue, ice rescue, swift water rescue, underwater rescue, and cave rescue. These often require specialised rescue squads as they exceed the capabilities of other members of the fire service or emergency medical services (EMS).
In the United States, technical rescues will often have multiple jurisdictions operating together to effect the rescue, and will often use the Incident Command System to manage the incident and resources at the scene. National Fire Protection Association standards NFPA 1006 and NFPA 1670 state that all rescuers must have a minimum of first aid (infection control, bleeding control, shock management) and CPR training to perform any technical rescue operation, including cutting the vehicle itself during an extrication.
== See also ==
Rescue squad
911th Engineer Company
== References ==
Vines, Thomas Verdo; Steve Hudson (2004-08-23). High Angle Rescue Techniques (3rd ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby-Jems. ISBN 0-323-01914-5. OCLC 56621939.
Vines, Thomas Verdo; Steve Hudson (2004-08-23). Field Guide to Accompany High Angle Rescue Techniques (3rd ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby-Jems. ISBN 0-323-01913-7. OCLC 56622055.

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title: "Telecommunications for Disaster Relief"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_for_Disaster_Relief"
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Telecommunications for Disaster Relief (TDR) is a proposal by the International Telecommunication Union to establish worldwide standards of interoperability and availability of emergency communications. The notion of establishing such standards was spurred in part by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami which devastated Indonesia.
The ITU assigned telephone country code is +888 for TDR, administered by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Numbers were assigned for the duration of a particular relief activity only, and could be reused for a future event. However, country code +888 was withdrawn from service and is now officially marked as “returned to spare.”
== References ==
== External links ==
ITU-T Workshop on Telecommunications for Disaster Relief, 2003
ITU-T Action Plan for Standardization on Telecommunications for Disaster Relief and Early Warning (TDR/EW), 2005
ITU-T Newslog Telecommunications for Disaster Relief (TDR)

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title: "The Amber Time Machine"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Amber_Time_Machine"
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"The Amber Time Machine" is the 12th episode of the 22nd series of the British wildlife documentary BBC television series Natural World and is presented by David Attenborough. It is It was first transmitted in 2004 and later became part of the Attenborough in Paradise and Other Personal Voyages collection of seven documentaries.
The documentary shows Attenborough searching for the identities of preserved creatures inside a piece of Baltic amber that was given to him by his adoptive sister when he was twelve years old. It then shows how a group of scientists can reconstruct an entire twenty million-year-old ecosystem through pieces of Dominican amber. Examples include a tadpole preserved in amber after falling from a bromeliad.
Attenborough then discusses the scientific feasibility of DNA being preserved in amber, and the science behind the 1993 hit techno-thriller Jurassic Park, in which his elder brother Richard Attenborough starred as John Hammond. Several attempts were tried, with DNA eventually being recovered from a weevil that was several million years older than Tyrannosaurus rex. Attenborough reasons that a few old, rare pieces of amber may contain DNA.
== See also ==
List of Natural World episodes
== References ==
== External links ==
"The Amber Time Machine" at IMDb

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title: "The Dinosaurs!"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dinosaurs!"
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The Dinosaurs! is an American television miniseries produced by WHYY-TV for PBS in 1992, featuring some of the then-modern theories about dinosaurs and how they lived. It aired four episodes from November 22 to November 25, 1992.
== The program ==
The program features the age of dinosaurs, from the appearing of the early forms like Herrerasaurus, to the Tyrannosaurus and Ceratopsians of the late Cretaceous. The possibilities whether dinosaurs were active, warm-blooded animals, had parental care, and the theory at the time, later proved true, that they are the ancestors of birds, are featured. What caused the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs is also discussed.
=== Episodes ===
Source:
Part 1 - The Monsters Emerge
Part 2 - Flesh on the Bones
Part 3 - The Nature of the Beast
Part 4 - The Death of the Dinosaurs
== Dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals ==
== Animations ==
Some animated depictions were made to give an impression of how the dinosaurs might or could have looked and how they might or would have behaved. Those animations have been featured in other media since. Some of them have been available to see in public computers at Swedish Museum of Natural History. Many of the animations have also been uploaded on YouTube.
== Home video ==
The series was released on VHS and laserdisc in 1993. The VHS edition was re-issued on November 10, 1998 with different package artwork. It was re-issued again on November 2, 1999. There have been no plans or discussions for a DVD or Blu-ray release.
== References ==
== Sources ==
https://www.amazon.com/Dinosaurs-Nature-Beast-Barbara-Feldon/dp/6303196152
http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/189451/The-Dinosaurs-The-Nature-of-the-Beast/overview
http://www.lddb.com/laserdisc/31515/L-PBS-1029-6/Dinosaurs!-The-%281992%29

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title: "The Mekong River with Sue Perkins"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mekong_River_with_Sue_Perkins"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:25.686896+00:00"
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The Mekong River with Sue Perkins is a television show on the BBC.
== References ==
== External links ==
The Mekong River with Sue Perkins at BBC Online
The Mekong River with Sue Perkins at IMDb

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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(1999_TV_series)" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(1999_TV_series)"
category: "reference" category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia" tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(2019_TV_series)" source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(2019_TV_series)"
category: "reference" category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia" tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T07:46:24.605157+00:00" date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:37.694297+00:00"
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title: "Tidewater grain elevator explosion"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidewater_grain_elevator_explosion"
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On March 28, 1956, the Tidewater Grain Company's grain elevator exploded in Philadelphia shortly after 8 PM, killing three and injuring at least 84 others.
The mill was at the corner of 31st and Market Street, near the main post office and train station. The new building of the Philadelphia Bulletin, across the street from the blast, was severely damaged, but the newspaper came out on schedule nevertheless.
Classes at nearby Drexel University were canceled the next day, as at least 25 Drexel students at evening classes had been injured when the windows blew out, and others when the stained glass in the ceiling of the main building shattered and rained down in the Great Court. The Great Court chandelier was taken down for repairs but was lost and had to be replaced by a replica. Drexel later bought the site of the explosion; as of 2025, it was the University City satellite campus of Lincoln University.
Later that year, five insurance companies filed suit against Tidewater to recover $350,000 they paid to Drexel.
The Tidewater executives had been summoned to court for fire code violations twice that year, most recently on March 21.
== External links ==
Photograph of the destroyed building from the archives of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin
== References ==

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title: "Trans-Natal Colliery disaster"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Natal_Colliery_disaster"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
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An underground methane explosion occurred at the Trans-Natal Colliery near Ermelo in South Africa on 9 April 1987, killing 35 miners.
== References ==

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title: "Trench rescue"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trench_rescue"
category: "reference"
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date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:52.022498+00:00"
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---
Trench rescue is a specialized form of rescue, a subset of confined space rescue. Trench rescue involves shoring up the sides of a trench, and digging a trapped worker out of a collapsed ditch. Trench rescue is one of the most dangerous rescue operations to complete.
== References ==

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title: "Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator"
chunk: 1/1
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under-Secretary-General_for_Humanitarian_Affairs_and_Emergency_Relief_Coordinator"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:43:53.207659+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
The Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator is a high-level position in the United Nations that heads the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
The position has been held since October 2024 by Thomas Fletcher, the sixth Briton in a row to serve in the role.
== History ==
The post of Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator (ERC) was created by UN resolution 46/182 in December 1991 to coordinate the efforts of the United Nations, member states and the wider humanitarian community in response to natural and man-made emergencies.
The post is one of five cabinet-level UN positions that are traditionally held by nationals from the five permanent members of the Security Council; since 2007, six British nationals have been appointed to that position. Before 2007, British nationals held the position of Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs for more than a decade.
== List of Under-Secretaries-General ==
== References ==
== External links ==
List of ERCs, United Nations Library

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title: "Visions of the Future"
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source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visions_of_the_Future"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:58.429933+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Visions of the Future is a 2007 documentary television series aired on the BBC Four television channel. The series stars theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku as he documents cutting edge science.
There are three installments in the series.
== Episodes ==
=== The Intelligence Revolution ===
The Intelligence Revolution - Kaku explains how he believes artificial intelligence will revolutionize the world. Also, Kaku investigates virtual reality technology and its potential. Controversially, Kaku documents the work of scientists using a combination of artificial intelligence and neuroscience technology transform a person suffering from major depressive disorder into one who is happy and content by the push of a button.
List of technologies:
Autonomous car
Ubiquitous computing and Internet of things
E-textiles
Head-mounted display
Virtual retinal display
Virtual reality
Augmented reality
Immersive virtual reality
Robotics and artificial intelligence
Cyborgology, Bionics and human enhancement
=== The Biotech Revolution ===
The Biotech Revolution - This episode focuses mainly on recent advances in genetics and biotechnology. Amongst other things Kaku documents advances in DNA screening, gene therapy and lab-grown organ transplants.
List of technologies:
Whole genome sequencing and personalized medicine
Genetic engineering
Gene therapy
Designer baby
Cancer Genome Project
Regenerative medicine
Tissue engineering, Printable organs
Cell therapy
Immunomodulation therapy
Life extension
Sirtuin 1
Transhumanism
=== The Quantum Revolution ===
The Quantum Revolution - Kaku investigates the advances of quantum physics and the effects it could have on the average human life. Kaku looks at the work of science fiction writers and the way that many concepts conceived for entertainment could in fact become reality. Kaku also speculates about the effects that such technology may have on the future of the human species.
List of technologies:
High-temperature superconductivity
Metamaterial
Carbon nanotube
Space elevator
Nuclear fusion
Nanotechnology
Nanorobotics
Molecular assembler
Quantum teleportation
== External links ==
Visions of the Future at BBC Online
Visions of the Future at IMDb

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title: "Wild (TV series)"
chunk: 1/1
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_(TV_series)"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T11:44:59.609122+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---
Wild is a one-hour American documentary television series that premiered in 2006 on the National Geographic Channel.
== References ==
== External links ==
Official website
Wild at IMDb

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