+ + Turing Award + +
++
+ +| + ACM Turing Award + | +|
|---|---|
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Statue of
+
+ Alan Turing
+
+
+ |
+ |
| + Awarded for + | ++ Outstanding contributions in + + computer science + + | +
| + Country + | ++ United States + | +
| + Presented by + | ++ + Association for Computing Machinery + + | +
| + Reward + | ++ + US$1,000,000 + + + + + [ + + 1 + + ] + + + + | +
| + First award + | ++ 1966 + + + | +
| + Website + | +
+
+
+ amturing
+ |
+
+ The + + ACM A. M. Turing Award + + is an annual prize given by the + + Association for Computing Machinery + + (ACM) for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to + + computer science + + . It is generally recognized as the highest distinction in the field of computer science and is often referred to as the " + + Nobel Prize of Computing + + ". As of 2025 + + + [update] + + + , 79 people have been awarded the prize, with the most recent recipients being + + Andrew Barto + + and + + Richard S. Sutton + + , who won in 2024. + + + + [ + + 2 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 3 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 4 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 5 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 6 + + ] + + + +
++ The award is named after + + Alan Turing + + , also referred as "Father of Computer Science", who was a British mathematician and + + reader + + in mathematics at the + + University of Manchester + + . Turing is often credited as being the founder of + + theoretical computer science + + and + + artificial intelligence + + , + + + + [ + + 7 + + ] + + + + and a key contributor to the Allied + + cryptanalysis + + of the + + Enigma cipher + + during + + World War II + + . + + + + [ + + 8 + + ] + + + + From 2007 to 2013, the award was accompanied by a prize of + + US$250,000 + + , with financial support provided by + + Intel + + and + + Google + + . + + + + [ + + 2 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 9 + + ] + + + + Since 2014, the award has been accompanied by a prize of + + US$1 + + million, with financial support provided by Google. + + + + [ + + 1 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 10 + + ] + + + +
++ The first recipient, in 1966, was + + Alan Perlis + + . The youngest recipient was + + Donald Knuth + + , who won in 1974 at the age of 36, + + + + [ + + 11 + + ] + + + + while the oldest recipient was + + Alfred Aho + + , who won in 2020 at the age of 79. + + + + [ + + 12 + + ] + + + + Only three women have been awarded the prize: + + Frances Allen + + (in 2006), + + + + [ + + 13 + + ] + + + + + Barbara Liskov + + (in 2008), + + + + [ + + 14 + + ] + + + + and + + Shafi Goldwasser + + (in 2012). + + + + [ + + 15 + + ] + + + +
+
+
+ + Recipients +
+ + + [ + + + + edit + + + + ] + + +| + Year + | ++ Recipient(s) + | ++ Photo + | ++ Rationale + | ++ Affiliated institute(s) + | +
|---|---|---|---|---|
| + 1966 + | ++ + + + + Alan Perlis + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his influence in the area of advanced + + computer programming + + techniques and + + compiler + + construction" + + + + [ + + 16 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 17 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Carnegie Mellon University + + | +
| + 1967 + | ++ + + + + Maurice Wilkes + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+ + For contributions including being "the builder and designer of the + + EDSAC + + , the second computer with an internally stored + + program + + " and introducing + + program libraries + + (together with + + David Wheeler + + and + + Stanley Gill + + ) + + + + [ + + 18 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 19 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of Cambridge + + | +
| + 1968 + | ++ + + + + Richard Hamming + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his work on + + numerical methods + + , automatic coding systems, and + + error-detecting and error-correcting codes + + " + + + + [ + + 20 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 21 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ University of Louisville
+
+ + + Bell Labs + + |
+
| + 1969 + | ++ + + + + Marvin Minsky + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his central role in creating, shaping, promoting, and advancing the field of + + artificial intelligence + + " + + + + [ + + 22 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 23 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + | +
| + 1970 + | ++ + + + + James H. Wilkinson + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his research in + + numerical analysis + + to facilitate the use of the high-speed digital computer, having received special recognition for his work in computations in + + linear algebra + + and 'backward' error analysis" + + + + [ + + 24 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 25 + + ] + + + + | ++ + National Physical Laboratory + + | +
| + 1971 + | ++ + + + + John McCarthy + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + Award citation refers to McCarthy's lecture "The Present State of Research on Artificial Intelligence" + + + + [ + + 26 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 27 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Stanford University + + | +
| + 1972 + | ++ + + + + Edsger W. Dijkstra + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental contributions to programming as a high, intellectual challenge; for eloquent insistence and practical demonstration that programs should be composed correctly, not just debugged into correctness; for illuminating perception of problems at the foundations of program design" + + + + [ + + 28 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 29 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
+
+ + + Eindhoven University of Technology + + + + University of Texas at Austin + + |
+
| + 1973 + | ++ + + + + Charles Bachman + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his outstanding contributions to + + database + + technology" + + + + [ + + 30 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 31 + + ] + + + + | ++ General Electric Research Laboratory (now under + + Groupe Bull + + , an + + Atos + + company) + | +
| + 1974 + | ++ + + + + Donald Knuth + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his major contributions to the + + analysis of algorithms + + and the design of programming languages, and in particular for his contributions to ' + + The Art of Computer Programming + + ' through his well-known books in a continuous series by this title" + + + + [ + + 32 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 33 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ California Institute of Technology
+
+ + + Center for Communications Research, Center for Communications and Computing, Institute for Defense Analyses + + + + Stanford University + + |
+
| + 1975 + | ++ + + + + Allen Newell + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + In collaboration with + + J. C. Shaw + + and others, for "basic contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human + + cognition + + , and + + list processing + + ." + + + + [ + + 34 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 35 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 36 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ RAND Corporation
+
+ + + Carnegie Mellon University + + |
+
| + + + + + Herbert A. Simon + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+ |
+ |||
| + 1976 + | ++ + + + + Michael O. Rabin + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For their joint paper ' + + Finite Automata + + and Their Decision Problem', + + + + [ + + 37 + + ] + + + + which introduced the idea of + + nondeterministic machines + + " + + + + [ + + 38 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 39 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 40 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 41 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Princeton University + + | +
| + + + + + Dana Scott + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + + University of Chicago + + | +||
| + 1977 + | ++ + + + + John Backus + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For profound, influential, and lasting contributions to the design of practical high-level programming systems, notably through his work on + + FORTRAN + + , and for seminal publication of formal procedures for the specification of + + programming languages + + " + + + + [ + + 42 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 43 + + ] + + + + | ++ + IBM + + | +
| + 1978 + | ++ + + + + Robert W. Floyd + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For having a clear influence on methodologies for the creation of efficient and reliable software, and for helping to found the following important subfields of + + computer science + + : the theory of + + parsing + + , the + + semantics + + of programming languages, automatic + + program verification + + , + + automatic program synthesis + + , and + + analysis of algorithms + + " + + + + [ + + 44 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 45 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Carnegie Mellon University
+
+ + + Stanford University + + |
+
| + 1979 + | ++ + + + + Kenneth E. Iverson + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his pioneering effort in programming languages and mathematical notation resulting in what the computing field now knows as + + APL + + , for his contributions to the implementation of interactive systems, to educational uses of APL, and to programming language theory and practice" + + + + [ + + 46 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 47 + + ] + + + + | ++ + IBM + + | +
| + 1980 + | ++ + + + + Tony Hoare + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his fundamental contributions to the definition and design of programming languages" + + + + [ + + 48 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 49 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Queen's University Belfast
+
+ + + University of Oxford + + |
+
| + 1981 + | ++ + + + + Edgar F. Codd + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his fundamental and continuing contributions to the theory and practice of database management systems" + + + + [ + + 50 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 51 + + ] + + + + | ++ + IBM + + | +
| + 1982 + | ++ + + + + Stephen Cook + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + For "his advancement of our understanding of the complexity of computation in a significant and profound way"; the citation in particular mentions his paper "The Complexity of Theorem Proving Procedures," which is credited with founding the theory of + + NP-completeness + + + + + [ + + 52 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 53 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of Toronto + + | +
| + 1983 + | ++ + + + + Dennis Ritchie + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For their development of generic operating systems theory and specifically for the implementation of the + + UNIX + + operating system" + + + + [ + + 54 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 55 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Bell Labs + + | +
| + + + + + Ken Thompson + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ |||
| + 1984 + | ++ + + + + Niklaus Wirth + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For developing a sequence of innovative computer languages, + + EULER + + , + + ALGOL-W + + , + + MODULA + + and + + PASCAL + + " + + + + [ + + 56 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + University of Zurich + + + + ETH Zurich + + |
+
| + 1985 + | ++ + + + + Richard M. Karp + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his continuing contributions to the theory of algorithms including the development of efficient algorithms for + + network flow + + and other + + combinatorial optimization + + problems, the identification of + + polynomial-time computability + + with the intuitive notion of algorithmic efficiency, and, most notably, contributions to the theory of + + NP-completeness + + " + + + + [ + + 57 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of California, Berkeley + + | +
| + 1986 + | ++ + + + + John Hopcroft + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental achievements in the design and analysis of algorithms and data structures" + + + + [ + + 58 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 59 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Cornell University + + | +
| + + + + + Robert Tarjan + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + Cornell University + + + + University of California, Berkeley + + + + Princeton University + + |
+ ||
| + 1987 + | ++ + + + + John Cocke + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For significant contributions in the design and theory of + + compilers + + , the architecture of large systems and the development of + + reduced instruction set computers + + (RISC); for discovering and systematizing many fundamental transformations now used in + + optimizing compilers + + including + + reduction of operator strength + + , + + elimination of common subexpressions + + , + + register allocation + + , + + constant propagation + + , and + + dead code elimination + + " + + + + [ + + 60 + + ] + + + + | ++ + IBM + + | +
| + 1988 + | ++ + + + + Ivan Sutherland + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his pioneering and visionary contributions to + + computer graphics + + , starting with + + Sketchpad + + , and continuing after" + + + + [ + + 61 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + Harvard University + + + + University of Utah + + + + California Institute of Technology + + |
+
| + 1989 + | ++ + + + + William Kahan + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his fundamental contributions to + + numerical analysis + + " and as "one of the foremost experts on + + floating-point computations + + " + + + + [ + + 62 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of California, Berkeley + + | +
| + 1990 + | ++ + + + + Fernando J. Corbató + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For his pioneering work organizing the concepts and leading the development of the general-purpose, large-scale, + + time-sharing + + and resource-sharing computer systems, + + CTSS + + and + + Multics + + " + + + + [ + + 63 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + | +
| + 1991 + | ++ + + + + Robin Milner + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + The award citation mentions three primary contributions: his mechanization of the + + Logic of Computable Functions + + ; the programming language + + ML + + including its + + type inference + + and + + type safety + + ; the + + calculus of communicating systems + + ; as well as the connection between + + operational + + and + + denotational + + + semantics + + + + + [ + + 64 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 65 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + University of Edinburgh + + |
+
| + 1992 + | ++ + + + + Butler Lampson + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For contributions to the development of distributed, personal computing environments and the technology for their implementation: + + workstations + + , + + networks + + , + + operating systems + + , programming systems, + + displays + + , + + security + + and + + document publishing + + " + + + + [ + + 66 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ PARC
+
+ + + DEC + + |
+
| + 1993 + | ++ + + + + Juris Hartmanis + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "In recognition of their seminal paper + + + + [ + + 67 + + ] + + + + which established the foundations for the field of + + computational complexity theory + + " + + + + [ + + 68 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 69 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 70 + + ] + + + + | ++ General Electric Research Laboratory (now under + + Groupe Bull + + , an + + Atos + + company) + | +
| + + + + + Richard E. Stearns + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ |||
| + 1994 + | ++ + + + + Edward Feigenbaum + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For pioneering the design and construction of large scale artificial intelligence systems, demonstrating the practical importance and potential commercial impact of artificial intelligence technology" + + + + [ + + 71 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 72 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 73 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Stanford University + + | +
| + + + + + Raj Reddy + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + Carnegie Mellon University + + |
+ ||
| + 1995 + | ++ + + + + Manuel Blum + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "In recognition of his contributions to the foundations of + + computational complexity theory + + and its application to + + cryptography + + and + + program checking + + " + + + + [ + + 74 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of California, Berkeley + + | +
| + 1996 + | ++ + + + + Amir Pnueli + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For seminal work introducing + + temporal logic + + into computing science and for outstanding contributions to program and system + + verification + + " + + + + [ + + 75 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + Tel Aviv University + + + + Weizmann Institute of Science + + + + Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences + + |
+
| + 1997 + | ++ + + + + Douglas Engelbart + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For an inspiring vision of the future of interactive computing and the invention of key technologies to help realize this vision" + + + + [ + + 76 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ SRI International
+
+ + + Tymshare + + + + McDonnell Douglas + + + Bootstrap Institute/Alliance, + + + + [ + + 77 + + ] + + + + + The Doug Engelbart Institute + |
+
| + 1998 + | ++ + + + + Jim Gray + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For seminal contributions to + + database + + and + + transaction processing + + research and technical leadership in system implementation" + + + + [ + + 78 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ IBM
+
+ + + Microsoft + + |
+
| + 1999 + | ++ + + + + Fred Brooks + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For landmark contributions to + + computer architecture + + , + + operating systems + + , and software engineering" + + + + [ + + 79 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ IBM
+
+ + + University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill + + |
+
| + 2000 + | ++ + + + + Andrew Yao + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+ + "In recognition of his fundamental contributions to the + + theory of computation + + , including the complexity-based theory of + + pseudorandom number generation + + , + + cryptography + + , and + + communication complexity + + " + + + + [ + + 80 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Stanford University
+
+ + + University of California, Berkeley + + + + Princeton University + + |
+
| + 2001 + | ++ + + + + Ole-Johan Dahl + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For ideas fundamental to the emergence of + + object-oriented programming + + , through their design of the programming languages + + Simula I and Simula 67 + + " + + + + [ + + 81 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 82 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Norwegian Computing Center
+
+ + + University of Oslo + + |
+
| + + + + + Kristen Nygaard + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ |||
| + 2002 + | ++ + + + + Leonard Adleman + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For + + their ingenious contribution + + for making + + public-key cryptography + + useful in practice" + + + + [ + + 83 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 84 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 85 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of Southern California + + | +
| + + + + + Ron Rivest + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + | +||
| + + + + + Adi Shamir + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ |||
| + 2003 + | ++ + + + + Alan Kay + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For pioneering many of the ideas at the root of contemporary + + object-oriented programming + + languages, leading the team that developed + + Smalltalk + + , and for fundamental contributions to personal computing" + + + + [ + + 86 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ University of Utah
+
+ + + PARC + + + + Stanford University + + + + Atari + + + + Apple + + + ATG + + + + Walt Disney Imagineering + + + + Viewpoints Research Institute + + + + HP + + + Labs + + |
+
| + 2004 + | ++ + + + + Vint Cerf + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For pioneering work on + + internetworking + + , including the design and implementation of the Internet's basic communications protocols, + + TCP/IP + + , and for inspired leadership in networking" + + + + [ + + 87 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 88 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ University of California, Los Angeles
+
+ + + Stanford University + + , + + DARPA + + + + MCI + + (now under + + Verizon + + ) + + + CNRI + + , Google + |
+
| + + + + + Bob Kahn + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ Massachusetts Institute of Technology
+
+ + + Bolt Beranek and Newman + + + + DARPA + + + + CNRI + + |
+ ||
| + 2005 + | ++ + + + + Peter Naur + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental contributions to + + programming language + + design and the definition of + + ALGOL 60 + + , to + + compiler + + design, and to the art and practice of computer programming" + + + + [ + + 89 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Regnecentralen
+
+ (now under
+
+ Fujitsu
+
+ )
+ + + University of Copenhagen + + |
+
| + 2006 + | ++ + + + + Frances Allen + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For pioneering contributions to the theory and practice of optimizing compiler techniques that laid the foundation for modern optimizing compilers and + + automatic parallel execution + + " + + + + [ + + 90 + + ] + + + + | ++ + IBM + + | +
| + 2007 + | ++ + + + + Edmund M. Clarke + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For their role in developing + + Model-Checking + + into a highly effective verification technology that is widely adopted in the hardware and software industries" + + + + [ + + 91 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 92 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 93 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 94 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Harvard University
+
+ + + Carnegie Mellon University + + |
+
| + + + + + E. Allen Emerson + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ Harvard University
+
+ + + University of Texas at Austin + + |
+ ||
| + + + + + Joseph Sifakis + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + + French National Centre for Scientific Research + + | +||
| + 2008 + | ++ + + + + Barbara Liskov + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For contributions to practical and theoretical foundations of programming language and system design, especially related to + + data abstraction + + , + + fault tolerance + + , and + + distributed computing + + " + + + + [ + + 14 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + | +
| + 2009 + | ++ + + + + Charles P. Thacker + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For the pioneering design and realization of the first modern personal computer — the + + Alto at Xerox PARC + + — and seminal inventions and contributions to + + local area networks + + (including the + + Ethernet + + ), multiprocessor workstations, snooping + + cache coherence + + protocols, and + + tablet personal computers + + " + + + + [ + + 95 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ PARC
+
+ + + DEC + + + + Microsoft + + + Research + + |
+
| + 2010 + | ++ + + + + Leslie Valiant + + + + + | +
+
+
+
+
+
+ |
+ + "For transformative contributions to the + + theory of computation + + , including the theory of + + probably approximately correct (PAC) learning + + , the complexity of enumeration and of + + algebraic computation + + , and the theory of parallel and distributed computing" + + + + [ + + 96 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Harvard University + + | +
| + 2011 + | ++ + + + + Judea Pearl + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning" + + + + [ + + 97 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 98 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ University of California, Los Angeles
+
+ + + New Jersey Institute of Technology + + |
+
| + 2012 + | ++ + + + + Shafi Goldwasser + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For transformative work that laid the complexity-theoretic foundations for the science of cryptography, and in the process pioneered new methods for efficient verification of mathematical proofs in complexity theory" + + + + [ + + 15 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 99 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 100 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Massachusetts Institute of Technology
+
+ + + Weizmann Institute of Science + + |
+
| + + + + + Silvio Micali + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + | +||
| + 2013 + | ++ + + + + Leslie Lamport + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental contributions to the theory and practice of distributed and concurrent systems, notably the invention of concepts such as causality and + + logical clocks + + , + + safety and liveness + + , + + replicated state machines + + , and + + sequential consistency + + " + + + + [ + + 101 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 102 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 103 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Massachusetts Computer Associates
+
+ (now under Essig PLM)
+ + + SRI International + + + + DEC + + + + Compaq + + (now under + + HP + + ) + + + Microsoft + + + Research + + |
+
| + 2014 + | ++ + + + + Michael Stonebraker + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental contributions to the concepts and practices underlying modern database systems" + + + + [ + + 104 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 105 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ University of California, Berkeley
+
+ + + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + |
+
| + 2015 + | ++ + + + + Whitfield Diffie + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For inventing and promulgating both asymmetric public-key cryptography, including its application to digital signatures, and a practical cryptographic key-exchange method + + + + [ + + 106 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 107 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 108 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Stanford University + + | +
| + + + + + Martin Hellman + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ |||
| + 2016 + | ++ + + + + Tim Berners-Lee + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For inventing the + + World Wide Web + + , the first + + web browser + + , and the fundamental protocols and algorithms allowing the Web to scale" + + + + [ + + 109 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ CERN
+
+ + + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + + + World Wide Web Consortium + + |
+
| + 2017 + | ++ + + + + John L. Hennessy + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For pioneering a systematic, quantitative approach to the design and evaluation of computer architectures with enduring impact on the + + microprocessor + + industry" + + + + [ + + 110 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 111 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 112 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Stanford University + + | +
| + + + + + David Patterson + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + + University of California, Berkeley + + | +||
| + 2018 + | ++ + + + + Yoshua Bengio + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made + + deep neural networks + + a critical component of computing" + + + + [ + + 113 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 114 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 115 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 116 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+
+
+ Université de Montréal
+
+
+
+ ,
+
+ McGill University
+
+ ,
+ + + Mila + + |
+
| + + + + + Geoffrey Hinton + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ University of Toronto
+
+ + + University of California, San Diego + + + + Carnegie Mellon University + + + + University College London + + + + University of Edinburgh + + + + Google AI + + |
+ ||
| + + + + + Yann LeCun + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ University of Toronto
+
+ + + Bell Labs + + + + Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences + + , + + New York University + + + + Meta AI + + |
+ ||
| + 2019 + | ++ + + + + Edwin Catmull + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental contributions to + + 3D computer graphics + + , and the impact of + + computer-generated imagery + + (CGI) in filmmaking and other applications" + + + + [ + + 117 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 118 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 119 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ University of Utah
+
+ + + Pixar + + + + Walt Disney Animation Studios + + |
+
| + + + + + Pat Hanrahan + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ Pixar
+
+ + + Princeton University + + + + Stanford University + + |
+ ||
| + 2020 + | ++ + + + + Alfred Aho + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For fundamental algorithms and theory underlying programming language implementation and for synthesizing these results and those of others in their highly influential books, which educated generations of computer scientists" + + + + [ + + 120 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 121 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 122 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Bell Labs
+
+ + + Columbia University + + |
+
| + + + + + Jeffrey Ullman + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ Bell Labs
+
+ + + Princeton University + + + + Stanford University + + |
+ ||
| + 2021 + | ++ + + + + Jack Dongarra + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For pioneering contributions to numerical algorithms and libraries that enabled high performance computational software to keep pace with exponential hardware improvements for over four decades" + + + + [ + + 123 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 124 + + ] + + + + | +
+
+ Argonne National Laboratory
+
+ + + Oak Ridge National Laboratory + + + + University of Manchester + + + + Texas A&M University + + + Institute for Advanced Study + + + + University of Tennessee + + + + Rice University + + |
+
| + 2022 + | ++ + + + + Robert Metcalfe + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For the invention, standardization, and commercialization of + + Ethernet + + " + + + + [ + + 125 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Massachusetts Institute of Technology + + , + + Harvard University + + , + + Xerox PARC + + , + + University of Texas at Austin + + | +
| + 2023 + | ++ + + + + Avi Wigderson + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For foundational contributions to the theory of computation, including reshaping our understanding of the role of randomness in computation and mathematics, and for his decades of intellectual leadership in theoretical computer science" + + + + [ + + 126 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 127 + + ] + + + + | ++ + Institute for Advanced Study + + , + + Princeton University + + , + + Hebrew University of Jerusalem + + | +
| + 2024 + | ++ + + + + Andrew Barto + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For developing the conceptual and algorithmic foundations of + + reinforcement learning + + " + + + + [ + + 3 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 128 + + ] + + + + + + + [ + + 129 + + ] + + + + | ++ + University of Massachusetts Amherst + + | +
| + + + + + Richard S. Sutton + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+
+
+ University of Alberta
+
+ + + Amii + + |
+ ||
| + 2025 + | ++ + + + + Charles H. Bennett + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + "For their essential role in igniting and shaping the quantum revolution in computer science and in information and communications technology." + + + + [ + + 130 + + ] + + + + | ++ + IBM Research + + | +
| + + + + + Gilles Brassard + + + + + | +
+
+
+ |
+ + + Université de Montréal + + | +
+ See also +
+ + + [ + + + + edit + + + + ] + + +-
+
- + + Fields Medal + + +
- + + ACM Prize in Computing + + +
- + + IEEE John von Neumann Medal + + +
- + + List of awards named after people + + +
- + + List of computer science awards + + +
- + + List of computer-related awards + + +
- + + List of pioneers in computer science + + +
- + + List of ACM Awards + + +
- + + List of prizes known as the Nobel or the highest honors of a field + + +
+ References +
+ + + [ + + + + edit + + + + ] + + +-
+
- + + ^ + + + + + a + + + + + + + + + b + + + + + + + + + CACM Staff (2014). + + + "ACM's Turing Award prize raised to $1 million" + + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 57 + + (12): 20. + + doi + + : + + 10.1145/2685372 + + . + + + + + +
- + + ^ + + + + + a + + + + + + + + + b + + + + + + + + + + "A. M. Turing Award" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . Archived from + + the original + + on December 12, 2009 + + . Retrieved + + November 5, + + 2007 + + . + + + + + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Dasgupta, Sanjoy; + + Papadimitriou, Christos + + ; + + Vazirani, Umesh + + (2008). + + + + Algorithms + + + + . + + McGraw-Hill + + . p. + + 317 + + . + + ISBN + + + + 978-0-07-352340-8 + + + . + + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + "dblp: ACM Turing Award Lectures" + + . + + informatik.uni-trier.de + + . + + Archived + + from the original on January 2, 2015 + + . Retrieved + + February 11, + + 2023 + + . + + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Brown, Bob (June 6, 2011). + + "Why there's no Nobel Prize in Computing" + + . + + + Network World + + + . + + Archived + + from the original on December 4, 2023 + + . Retrieved + + June 3, + + 2015 + + . + + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Homer, Steven and Alan L. (2001). + + + Computability and Complexity Theory + + + . Springer. p. 35. + + ISBN + + + + 978-0-387-95055-6 + + + . + + Archived + + from the original on April 3, 2023 + + . Retrieved + + November 5, + + 2007 + + . + + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + Copeland, Jack + + (June 18, 2012). + + "Alan Turing: The codebreaker who saved 'millions of lives' + + + " + + . BBC News Technology. + + Archived + + from the original on October 11, 2014 + + . Retrieved + + October 26, + + 2014 + + . + + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Geringer, Steven (July 27, 2007). + + "ACM'S Turing Award Prize Raised To $250,000" + + . + + ACM + + press release. Archived from + + the original + + on December 30, 2008 + + . Retrieved + + October 16, + + 2008 + + . + + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + "ACM's Turing Award Prize Raised to $1 Million" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . Archived from + + the original + + on November 23, 2015 + + . Retrieved + + November 13, + + 2014 + + . + + + + + + +
-
+
+
+
+ ^
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Zhongkai Shangguan; Zihe Zheng; Jiebo Luo (2021). "What Kind of Person Wins the Turing Award?". p. 1.
+
+ arXiv
+
+ :
+
+
+ 2104.05636
+
+
+ [
+
+ cs.GL
+
+ ].
+
+ The youngest winner was Donald Knuth, who convinced the jury with "Computer Programming as an Art" and won [the] Turing Award in 1974 at the age of 36. +
+ + + + + +
+ - + + + + ^ + + + + + + + William L. Hosch. + + "Turing Award" + + . + + Encyclopedia Britannica + + . + + Archived + + from the original on February 5, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 12, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + "First Woman to Receive ACM Turing Award" + + (Press release). The Association for Computing Machinery. February 21, 2007. Archived from + + the original + + on July 2, 2007 + + . Retrieved + + November 5, + + 2007 + + . + + + + + +
- + + ^ + + + + + a + + + + + + + + + b + + + + + + + + + Tom van Vleck. + + "Barbara Liskov - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on November 9, 2021 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + ^ + + + + + a + + + + + + + + + b + + + + + + + + + Charles Rackoff. + + "Shafi Goldwasser - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on February 17, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Perlis, A. J. (1967). + + "The Synthesis of Algorithmic Systems" + + . + + Journal of the ACM + + . + + 14 + + : + + 1– + + 9. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/321371.321372 + + + . + + S2CID + + + 12937998 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + David Nofre. + + "Alan J Perlis - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on April 26, 2012 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Martin Campbell-Kelly. + + "Maurice V. Wilkes - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on January 7, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Edmund F. Robertson. + + "Richard W. Hamming - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 30, 2020 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Minsky, M. (1970). + + "Form and Content in Computer Science (1970 ACM turing lecture)" + + . + + Journal of the ACM + + . + + 17 + + (2): + + 197– + + 215. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/321574.321575 + + + . + + S2CID + + + 15661281 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Patrick Henry Winston. + + "Marvin Minsky - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on November 28, 2023 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Wilkinson, J. H. (1971). + + "Some Comments from a Numerical Analyst" + + . + + Journal of the ACM + + . + + 18 + + (2): + + 137– + + 147. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/321637.321638 + + + . + + S2CID + + + 37748083 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Beresford Neill Parlett. + + "James Hardy ("Jim") Wilkinson - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on January 5, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + McCarthy, J. (1987). + + "Generality in artificial intelligence" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 30 + + (12): + + 1030– + + 1035. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/33447.33448 + + + . + + S2CID + + + 1045033 + + . + + Archived + + from the original on September 21, 2017 + + . Retrieved + + November 1, + + 2017 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Lester Earnest. + + "John Mccarthy - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on September 3, 2016 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Dijkstra, E. W. (1972). + + "The humble programmer" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 15 + + (10): + + 859– + + 866. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/355604.361591 + + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Hamilton Richards. + + "Edsger Wybe Dijkstra - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on February 26, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Bachman, C. W. (1973). + + "The programmer as navigator" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 16 + + (11): + + 653– + + 658. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/355611.362534 + + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Thomas Haigh. + + "Charles William Bachman - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 2, 2020 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Knuth, D. E. (1974). + + "Computer programming as an art" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 17 + + (12): + + 667– + + 673. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/361604.361612 + + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + David Walden. + + "Donald ("Don") Ervin Knuth - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 17, 2019 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Newell, A.; Simon, H. A. (1976). + + "Computer science as empirical inquiry: Symbols and search" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 19 + + (3): 113. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/360018.360022 + + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Hunter Heyck. + + "Allen Newell - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 16, 2020 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Hunter Heyck. + + "Herbert ("Herb") Alexander Simon - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on April 18, 2021 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Rabin, M. O.; Scott, D. (1959). "Finite Automata and Their Decision Problems". + + IBM Journal of Research and Development + + . + + 3 + + (2): 114. + + doi + + : + + 10.1147/rd.32.0114 + + . + + S2CID + + + 3160330 + + . + + + + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Scott, D. S. (1977). + + "Logic and programming languages" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 20 + + (9): + + 634– + + 641. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/359810.359826 + + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + "Michael O. Rabin - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on November 28, 2023 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + "Dana Steward Scott - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on February 26, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Backus, J. (1978). + + "Can programming be liberated from the von Neumann style?: A functional style and its algebra of programs" + + . + + Communications of the ACM + + . + + 21 + + (8): + + 613– + + 641. + + doi + + : + + + 10.1145/359576.359579 + + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Grady Booch. + + "John Backus - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on January 5, 2024 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
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+
+
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+ ^
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+ Cliff Jones.
+
+ "C. Antony ("Tony") R. Hoare - A.M. Turing Award Laureate"
+
+ .
+
+ Association for Computing Machinery
+
+
+ . Retrieved
+
+ March 4,
+
+ 2024
+
+ .
+
+
+
+
+
+ {{ + + cite web + + }} ++ : CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ( + + link + + ) + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Michael G. Burke; Vivek Sarkar. + + "John Cocke - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 29, 2021 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + Thomas Haigh. + + "William ("Velvel") Morton Kahan - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 29, 2021 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + T. Van Vleck. + + "Fernando J ("Corby") Corbato - A.M. Turing Award Laureate" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . + + Archived + + from the original on October 29, 2021 + + . Retrieved + + March 4, + + 2024 + + . + + + + + +
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- + + + + ^ + + + + + + + + "Charles H. Bennett and Gilles Brassard are the recipients of the 2025 ACM A.M. Turing Award for their essential role in establishing the foundations of quantum information science and transforming secure communication and computing" + + . + + Association for Computing Machinery + + . ACM, Inc. March 18, 2026 + + . Retrieved + + March 18, + + 2026 + + . + + + + + +
+ Further reading +
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