# kb

id: sawbones-podcast-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawbones_(podcast)-0.md
category: reference
title: Sawbones (podcast)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawbones_(podcast)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:44.360181+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sawbones-podcast-20260505-0
summary:
Sawbones: A Marital Tour of Misguided Medicine is a weekly, comedic medical podcast hosted by Dr. Sydnee McElroy and her husband, podcaster Justin McElroy. The show is distributed online by Maximum Fun. In each episode, Sydnee discusses an element of historical medical practice, while Justin provides a comedic foil. The show normally focuses on antiquated medical practices that are unusual to modern listeners but occasionally covers rare and unusual disorders and occurrences. == History == === Background and formation === Justin McElroy began podcasting in 2007 as co-host of the video game talk show The Joystiq Podcast. In episode 115 Sydnee briefly appeared as a guest alongside Justin to answer questions about the 2009 swine flu pandemic. Sydnee and Justin McElroy had also previously worked together on a short podcast series entitled Losing the Sheen, focused on watching Two and a Half Men. The show only lasted nine episodes before the two became tired of it, instead starting a medical podcast based on Sydnee's expertise. While developing the idea for the show, the McElroys decided that it would be irresponsible for them to give medical advice to listeners, even with Sydnee's background. They opted instead to focus on the historical


id: list-of-science-podcasts-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_science_podcasts-0.md
category: reference
title: List of science podcasts
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_science_podcasts
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:48.111455+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-science-podcasts-20260505-0
summary:
The following is a list of science podcasts. == List == == See also == Science communication Science journalism Popular science Nature documentary == References ==


id: science-vs-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Vs-0.md
category: reference
title: Science Vs
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Vs
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:49.358991+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-vs-20260505-0
summary:
Science Vs is a science podcast created and hosted by Wendy Zukerman. The show takes a myth-busting approach to controversial topics and current events, with fact checking and research of the scientific literature, as well as interviewing relevant experts. A typical show will have over a hundred citations and involve background interviews of dozens of scientists in addition to the scientists who speak on the show. == History == The show was first produced and distributed in 2015 by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) as part of ABC Radio's First Run podcast program. Science Vs was picked up by Gimlet Media, a Brooklyn-based digital media company. Originally, Zukerman had to do all the research herself, but under Gimlet she was able to hire a dedicated research team. Episode topics have included immigration, gun control, ghosts, climate change, acne, and antidepressants, among others. Zukerman has said that the idea for Science Vs came from news headlines about Gwyneth Paltrow wanting women to participate in a "health practice" of vaginal steaming, which she thought could combine science with humor. Zukerman summarized her podcast's position against false equivalences, saying, "If there's a 95 percent consensus among scientists, you report the consensus." In 2019


id: list-of-scientific-skepticism-podcasts-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scientific_skepticism_podcasts-0.md
category: reference
title: List of scientific skepticism podcasts
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scientific_skepticism_podcasts
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:51.831433+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-scientific-skepticism-podcasts-20260505-0
summary:
This is a list of notable podcasts that promote or practice scientific skepticism. == Active == == Inactive == These podcasts are either officially on hiatus, have ceased production, or have not produced an episode in over a year. == See also == List of books about skepticism List of notable skeptics List of notable debunkers List of skeptical conferences List of skeptical magazines List of skeptical organizations Lists about skepticism == References ==


id: skepticality-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skepticality-0.md
category: reference
title: Skepticality
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skepticality
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:52.984947+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: skepticality-20260505-0
summary:
Skepticality was the official podcast of The Skeptics Society's Skeptic magazine. Beginning in May 2005, the podcast explores rational thought, skeptical ideas, and famous myths from around the world and throughout history. Each episode is an audio magazine featuring regular segments by contributors who are specialized in specific areas of critical thought followed by featured content which is usually in the form of an interview with a researcher, author, or individual who is helping promote skeptical thought and/or science in an effective way. It has featured interviews with James Randi, and scientists, such as authors and astronomers Phil Plait and Neil deGrasse Tyson, Greg Graffin from Bad Religion, Adam Savage from the MythBusters, songwriter Jill Sobule, author Ann Druyan and science communicator Bill Nye. Skepticality is co-hosted by Derek Colanduno and "Swoopy" Robynn McCarthy. The last released episode is from 28 August 2019. == History == The concept and the name Skepticality were created in May 2005 by Robynn McCarthy and Derek Colanduno, after the two became friends in Las Vegas. At the time, Colanduno was working at a national Sports Radio network and a privately owned Alternative Rock Station (KEDG) during the overnight shift. Skepticality gained notability on September


id: el-sue-o-de-arqu-medes-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Sueño_de_Arquímedes-0.md
category: reference
title: El Sueño de Arquímedes
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Sueño_de_Arquímedes
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:54.221612+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: el-sue-o-de-arqu-medes-20260505-0
summary:
El Sueño de Arquímedes was a Spanish science podcast and radio program which was broadcast by Radio Nacional de España (RNE) from September 2006 until June, 2007. The program was created by Ángel Rodríguez Lozano. A total of 35 programs are still available for download. In addition to El Sueño de Arquímedes, Ángel Rodríguez Lozano also hosted Vanguardia de la Ciencia, which was broadcast weekly without interruption from April 1995 until June 2007. The name of the program means "the dream of Archimedes", and alludes to Archimedes' statement that given a lever and a fixed point, he could move the world. To Ángel Rodríguez Lozano, the dream was moving the world by popularizing and sharing knowledge. == Format == Before the startup of El Sueño de Arquímedes, Ángel Rodríguez Lozano had been hosting Vanguardia de la Ciencia for more than a decade. When RNE asked if he would host a second popular science program, Ángel Rodríguez Lozano realised that the scheduled timing, Sundays between 3 and 4 p.m, meant that it would be sandwiched between sports broadcasts. Therefore, he would have to capture the attention of listeners who were not looking for this type of program. The intention was therefore


id: the-rest-is-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rest_Is_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: The Rest Is Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rest_Is_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:56.647358+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-rest-is-science-20260505-0
summary:
The Rest Is Science (TRIS) is a YouTube channel and podcast hosted by internet personalities Hannah Fry and Michael Stevens. Produced by the British podcast production company Goalhanger, its first episode premiered on 25 November 2025. == Background and release == The Rest Is Science was launched by the podcast production company Goalhanger, which previously created history-, politics-, and entertainment-centered podcasts under The Rest Is branding. Following their previous podcasts' approach of casting high-profile hosts, Goalhanger pegged Hannah Fry and Michael Stevens as the hosts of the podcast. Both known for their science communication online, Fry is a British mathematician and professor of the Public Understanding of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge; meanwhile, Stevens is an American educator and YouTuber, best known for creating Vsauce. Goalhanger announced The Rest Is Science on November 18, 2025, with the first episode released a week later on November 25. The first episode covered topics centered around water, such as whether it is actually wet, how its minerals shape its taste, and the planet's supply of drinkable water, among others. TRIS marked the first time Goalhanger focused on a video-first approach for a podcast, though it is released as both an audio and


id: this-podcast-will-kill-you-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Podcast_Will_Kill_You-0.md
category: reference
title: This Podcast Will Kill You
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Podcast_Will_Kill_You
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:41:57.917256+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: this-podcast-will-kill-you-20260505-0
summary:
This Podcast Will Kill You is an American podcast hosted by disease ecologists and epidemiologists Erin Welsh and Erin Allmann Updyke. Its first full-length episode was released on October 31, 2017. New episodes were released weekly until the second season, when they were released every two weeks. Each week a different disease is covered, the majority of which are infectious diseases with some exceptions, such as scurvy in episode 19. "This Podcast Will Kill You" is part of the Exactly Right Podcast Network, created by the hosts of "My Favorite Murder." == Structure of Episodes == Each episode is about an hour in duration and generally starts with a firsthand account of someone affected by the disease. After that, the hosts create a mixed drink that is connected to the disease, called a 'Quarantini', in a segment known as 'Quarantini time'. After this introduction, the biology of the disease is explained, then history, epidemiology, and finally, the disease's effect on the modern world. Generally, Welsh tells the history of the disease and Updyke explains the biology epidemiology. Finally, the hosts cite the sources used to present the information, and supply a link to their website where the sources can be


id: timber-wars-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timber_Wars-0.md
category: reference
title: Timber Wars
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timber_Wars
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:00.433672+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: timber-wars-20260505-0
summary:
Timber Wars is a seven-part podcast hosted by Aaron Scott and produced by Oregon Public Broadcasting. == Background == The show was produced by Oregon Public Broadcasting. The show discusses the conservation movement that took place in the Pacific Northwest in the 1990s. The show discusses the complicated conflict between environmentalists and loggers that occurred during the period known as the timber wars. The show discusses the history of logging and how forests were viewed as potential tree farms. Foresters and dendrologists wanted to study and preserve old-growth forests, but were viewed negatively until the 1990s when large environmental protests began. At the same time, wildlife conservation for animals like the northern spotted owl became an issue. The show discusses a twenty-five year period of forestry and forest management. Aaron Scott is the host of the show—he grew up in Steamboat, Oregon not too far away from where the events of the show took place. == Episodes == === Introductory episode === === Season 1 === == Reception == Nicholas Kristof of The New York Times commented on the show saying that "Listeners are left with both an appreciation of the magnificence of old growth forests and the toll paid


id: titans-of-nuclear-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titans_of_Nuclear-0.md
category: reference
title: Titans of Nuclear
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titans_of_Nuclear
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:01.683228+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: titans-of-nuclear-20260505-0
summary:
Titans of Nuclear is an interview podcast developed by the Energy Impact Center. Each episode features interviews led by Bret Kugelmass. Other hosts include Jadwiga Najder, Olubunmi Olajide, and Naomi Senehi. Guests generally include nuclear energy experts who come from various political, scientific, and business backgrounds. The one-on-one discussions typically revolve around nuclear energy and related topics including political policy, climate change, and nuclear medicine. == History == Titans of Nuclear was conceived by Bret Kugelmass, founder of the Energy Impact Center in Washington, D.C., in 2017. That year, he began recording interviews with a variety of nuclear energy experts. The first episode of the podcast was made available online on January 8, 2018 and featured Michael Shellenberger as the guest. Other early guests in 2018 included eventual Assistant Secretary of Energy for Nuclear Energy and head of the Office of Nuclear Energy, Rita Baranwal, and individuals associated with both the Idaho National Laboratory and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. In 2019, the podcast featured interviews with national politicians, including House Representative for Massachusetts Seth Moulton and Idaho Senator Mike Crapo. Other episodes that year featured discussions with members of the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Kugelmass would later begin sharing


id: trees-a-crowd-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees_A_Crowd-0.md
category: reference
title: Trees A Crowd
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees_A_Crowd
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:02.888062+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: trees-a-crowd-20260505-0
summary:
Trees A Crowd is a natural history podcast presented by actor & ecologist David Oakes. == Creation and reception of the podcast == Oakes, as an environmentalist and an ambassador for the Woodland Trust and The Wildlife Trusts, started Trees A Crowd as a series of informal conversations with artists, scientists and enthusiasts. Speaking on the Dominic King show on BBC Radio Kent on 19 July 2019, David said in regards to why he started the podcast: If we live in a world of identity politics where personality trumps any viable policy or common sense, then maybe we can use that for betterment too. So, if we can get someone who is fascinating who can take you through their life story and their idiosyncratic interests and pastimes and accidental encounters with griffins or narwhals or fantastical or factual beasts across time, then maybe we can then be seduced into fewer plastic bottles or driving your car a little less often. Each episode explores how the countryside has inspired different career trajectories. Speaking to Countryman Magazine in June 2019, Oakes said: I decided to seek out others who, like me, have a meaningful connection with the rolling hills, misty moors, babbling


id: trees-a-crowd-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees_A_Crowd-1.md
category: reference
title: Trees A Crowd
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees_A_Crowd
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:02.888062+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: trees-a-crowd-20260505-0
summary:
=== Series two === 6 January 2020 – Mark Carwardine, zoologist who achieved widespread recognition for his Last Chance to See conservation expeditions with Douglas Adams. Since then he has become a leading and outspoken conservationist, and a prolific broadcaster, columnist and photographer. 20 January 2020 – Dr Catherine Barlow of the South of Scotland Golden Eagle Project. 3 February 2020 – Dr Bryce Stewart, marine ecologist and fisheries biologist, currently a lecturer for the Department of Environment and Geography at the University of York. 17 February 2020 – Ingrid Newkirk, president and co-founder of PETA. 2 March 2020 – Rob Rose and Natalie Stoppard of Rosewood Farm on the Yorkshire Ings. 16 March 2020 – Tim Pears, novelist and Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. 26 March 2020 – A short interview with Edward Davey of the World Resources Institute discussing agricultural concerns in the midst of COVID-19. Originally this interview was set to be recorded as a live event as part of the London Climate Change Festival which was cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. 30 March 2020 – Dr Helen Pheby, head of curatorial programming at the Yorkshire Sculpture Park. 31 March 2020 –


id: trees-a-crowd-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees_A_Crowd-2.md
category: reference
title: Trees A Crowd
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees_A_Crowd
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:02.888062+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: trees-a-crowd-20260505-0
summary:
=== Series five === 7 November 2023 – Dr Paul Donald, Senior Scientist at Bird Life International. 5 December 2023 – Katie Holten, artist and environmental activist. 9 January 2024 – Dr Ruth Tingay, environmentalist and raptor conservationist. 13 February 2024 – Dr David Hetherington, ecologist and wild cat biologist. 12 March 2024 – Artist Andy Holden and Ornithologist Peter Holden; father and son. 9 April 2024 – A visit to the Carmarthenshire Vulture breed and release charity, The Horstmann Trust. 14 May 2024 – Rob Stoneman, Director of Landscape Recovery at the Wildlife Trusts. 11 & 18 June 2024 – Prof. Fiona Mathews & Prof. Tim Kendall, environmental biologist and nature writer respectively. 5 July 2024 – Matthew Oates, naturalist and nature writer. 9 August 2024 – Primatologist Dr Hannah Trayford and Wildlife Photographer Rachel Bigsby 10 September 2024 – M. G. Leonard, award-winning children's novelist and Vice President of Buglife. A bonus addendum episode was released on 1/7/25. === Series six === 21 October 2025 – Dr Sylvia Earle, Marine biologist, explorer and founder of Mission Blue. 18 November 2025 - Dr Bhaskar Choudhury, veterinarian and project head of the Wildlife Trust of India’s Centre for Wildlife Rehabilitation


id: unlocking-us-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlocking_Us-0.md
category: reference
title: Unlocking Us
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlocking_Us
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:04.086464+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: unlocking-us-20260505-0
summary:
Unlocking Us is a psychology and self-help podcast hosted by Brené Brown. Produced by Parcast, the show consists of both monologue and interview content and focuses on human vulnerability through Brown's experiences in social work. == Background == The podcast debuted on March 20, 2020. Brown discussed her fears concerning the launch of her podcast in the first episode of the show. Brown began the podcast to have a more intimate medium of communicating her stories with her audience and she records the show in her home. The show consists of both interview and monologue episodes. One of the first interviews done on the show featured David Kessler on his understanding of grief. In an episode released on March 27, 2020 Brown discusses the importance of positivity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Brown hosted another podcast called Dare to Lead based on her book of the same name. == Reception == According to a spokesman cited by The New York Times, the show was averaging more than a million downloads every episode in May 2020. Melissa Fyfe of The Sydney Morning Herald commented on the show saying that the "first season is a bit patchy" because it takes time to adjust


id: wow-in-the-world-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow_in_the_World-0.md
category: reference
title: Wow in the World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow_in_the_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:06.553911+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: wow-in-the-world-20260505-0
summary:
Wow in the World is a children's podcast hosted by children's media and audio veterans Guy Raz and Mindy Thomas. which debuted on May 17, 2017 and produced by Tinkercast, LLC, a company established by Thomas and Raz to produce children's audio., and distributed by Wondery. Initially, it was distributed by NPR as part of its efforts to invest in podcasts and digital media aimed at wider audiences, including families, as well as Guy Raz's connections to the broadcaster for producing popular shows like the TED Radio Hour and the business podcast How I Built This. Distribution was handed over to Sony Music in April 2021, but the deal with Sony was very short lived. The Amazon-owned podcast network Wondery agreed to distribute the Tinkercast assets in September the same year. The show focuses on science and technology and each episodes is about 25 minutes long. However some episodes, such as the spin-off game show Two Whats?! And a Wow!!! are 15 minutes long and other bonus episodes may run for 5–10 minutes. == Background == In 2014, Guy Raz and Mindy Thomas had a Twitter exchanged that led to some collaborations. The show was financed by its hosts and


id: all-in-the-mind-australian-broadcasting-corporation-radio-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_in_the_Mind_(Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation_radio)-0.md
category: reference
title: All in the Mind (Australian Broadcasting Corporation radio)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_in_the_Mind_(Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation_radio)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:08.307883+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: all-in-the-mind-australian-broadcasting-corporation-radio-20260505-0
summary:
All in the Mind is a weekly Australian Broadcasting Corporation Radio National program which explores the mind, brain and behaviour. As of 2021 it is hosted by journalist and podcaster Sana Qadar. The radio program has won a number of awards, including the Grand Medal at the 2008 New York Radio Festival for a series of shows entitled The Brain Under Siege and Best Health/Wellbeing Podcast at the 2022 Australian Podcast Awards. All in the Mind was previously hosted by Australian science journalist Natasha Mitchell (from 2002-2012) and journalist and broadcaster Lynne Malcolm (from 2012-2021). Malcolm has written a book informed by stories covered on the program. == References == == External links == Official website


id: am-i-normal-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am_I_Normal-0.md
category: reference
title: Am I Normal?
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am_I_Normal?
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:09.505217+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: am-i-normal-20260505-0
summary:
Am I Normal? is a BBC Radio 4 science documentary programme presented by Vivienne Parry. The programme examines what constitutes "normal" with regard to physical and psychological health, exploring where medical professionals draw boundaries between typical variation and conditions requiring treatment. The Guardian described it as "fascinating stuff". == Format == Each episode features Parry interviewing doctors, patients, and scientific experts about a specific topic, questioning assumptions about normality. Parry uses an alphabet board to communicate with guests, and a transcriber writes down what she spells out. Topics covered across the eight series included cancer, blood pressure, childbirth, dyslexia, drinking, depression, ageing, autism, sexuality, immunology, obsessive-compulsive disorder, health anxiety, and eating behaviour. == Broadcast history == The programme ran for eight series and 34 episodes between August 2006 and August 2011: Series 1: 22 August – 12 September 2006 Series 2: 14 November – 12 December 2006 Series 3: 31 July – 21 August 2007 Series 4: 4–25 March 2008 Series 5: 30 September – 21 October 2008 Series 6: 24 February – 17 March 2009 Series 7: 2–23 March 2010 Series 8: 19 July – 10 August 2011 The first episode examined psychosis. === Television adaptation === In April


id: andromeda-radio-show-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(radio_show)-0.md
category: reference
title: Andromeda (radio show)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda_(radio_show)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:10.729827+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: andromeda-radio-show-20260505-0
summary:
Andromeda is a Croatian radio show covering topics in astronomy, astrophysics, and astronautics. == History == The show was started by journalist Tanja Devčić and astronomer Ante Radonić, head of the planetarium at the Technical Museum in Zagreb. It has been broadcast since 1997 on the second program of Croatian Radio, every Tuesday from 8:00 pm to 10:00 pm. Over the years, the show has hosted numerous scientists such as Charles Duke and Mike Vucelić who participated in the Apollo project, while the most frequent guest is astronomer Korado Korlević. At the end of August 2012, it was announced that the show was being canceled, or that the concept and the name itself were changing. However, the show continued to be recorded every week, at the Technical Museum in Zagreb. In June 2013, after editorial changes, the show began airing again as the second program of Croatian Radio. == References ==


id: bastelstunde-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastelstunde-0.md
category: reference
title: Bastelstunde
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastelstunde
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:12.010475+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bastelstunde-20260505-0
summary:
Die Bastelstunde (meaning Bricolage Hour or Hobby Hour) was a radio hobby show that aired on Austrian radio from 1929 to 1952. Bastelstunde appears to have been, globally, the first such radio show in which the moderator was building and explaining certain technical and craft projects. The show aired first on RAVAG Vienna on 8 October 1929, before being taken over by ORF Radio and was geared towards "children and other bastlers". During the time of Anschluss, when Austria was annexed to Germany from 1938 to 1945, Bastelstunde was taken over by Nazi German radio and its content was adapted to the craft bricolage needs of soldiers. After World War II the show was continued as before the war. == Radio host Oskar Grissemann == The broadcast was devised and presented by Ing. Oskar Grissemann, who hosted the show from 1929 to his death in 1952 through four governmental systems, two parliamentary democracies and two dictatorships, one of them Nazi Germany. Oskar Grissemann was the uncle of Austrian radio legend and stage actor Ernst Grissemann and the Great Uncle of comedian and radio and TV host Christoph Grissemann. Grissemann was known endearingly as the "Bastelonkel" — the uncle who teaches


id: bit-byte-gebissen-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit,_byte,_gebissen-0.md
category: reference
title: Bit, byte, gebissen
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit,_byte,_gebissen
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:13.199881+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bit-byte-gebissen-20260505-0
summary:
Bit, byte, gebissen (German for Bit, Byte, Bitten) was a German radio program. It was the first program on computer topics on public radio in Germany, produced by the Bayerischer Rundfunk (Bavarian Broadcasting). Bit, byte, gebissen was broadcast from October 1985 to September 1993. It ran weekly on Mondays and was half an hour long. The idea was of the radio program was born out of the boom of home computers and video game consoles starting to fascinate youngsters at the beginning of the 1980s. Another successful program on computer topics for adolescent radio listeners was Chippie from the Hessischer Rundfunk (Hessian Broadcasting), starting in 1990. == External links == Die Zündfunk-Hall-of-Fame: Das erste Computermagazin (in German)


id: chippie-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chippie-0.md
category: reference
title: Chippie
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chippie
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:14.391727+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: chippie-20260505-0
summary:
Chippie (hr2-Computermagazin) was a German radio program. It was one of the first programs on computer topics, produced by the Hessischer Rundfunk (Hessian Broadcasting). == History == Chippie started in 1990. At first it was broadcast together with the youth magazine Radio unfrisiert, who won the Civis media prize that year. Later it got its own one-hour slot. The show was hosted by Claudia Bultje and Patrick Conley. Topics on the program were, for example: "Computer in Theater, Opera and Rock Concert" (2 May 1992), "Computer and Money" (5 September 1992), "Computers and Sex" (24 October 1992) and "Data Networks" (2 July 1994). The first computer magazine in German radio was Bit, byte, gebissen (BR, 1985). Today well-known programs are the Chaosradio (RBB) and Matrix (ORF). == References == (in German) Barbara Krebs: "Chippie – das Computermagazin". In: PCpur & TEST Magazin, Vol. 5, No. 3 (March 1992): p. 154. == External links == (in German) Game Boy & Co. Interview mit Chippie-Moderator Patrick Conley (hr3, 24. November 1991)


id: critter-of-the-week-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critter_of_the_Week-0.md
category: reference
title: Critter of the Week
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critter_of_the_Week
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:15.569518+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: critter-of-the-week-20260505-0
summary:
Critter of the Week is a weekly RNZ National programme about endangered and neglected native plants and animals of New Zealand. The show aims to raise awareness of often overlooked native critters, while raising funds for conservation efforts via Critter Of the Week Merch alongside Joyya - an ethical merch manufacturer that empowers communities facing extreme poverty and modern slavery. Beginning in 2015, Critter of the Week is an approximately 15-minute discussion between Nicola Toki (originally the Department of Conservation Threatened Species Ambassador) and RNZ Afternoons host Jesse Mulligan on an "uncharismatic and lovable" New Zealand species. Despite its name, the show features animals, plants, and fungi, with each species receiving an "attractiveness" score from 1 to 10. The show currently airs on Friday afternoons, and has a regular listenership of 100,000. == Origin and development == The topic of spotlighting uncharismatic species was raised in an interview by Mulligan in April 2015, and the programme originated later in 2015 in a discussion between Mulligan and Toki about threatened bird conservation, in which Toki lamented a lack of attention and corporate funding for species such as the Smeagol gravel slug. The first episode of Critter of the Week aired on


id: earth-sky-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_&_Sky-0.md
category: reference
title: Earth & Sky
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_&_Sky
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:18.215568+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: earth-sky-20260505-0
summary:
Earth & Sky was a daily radio series that presented information about science and nature. It began broadcasting in 1991 and ceased operations in 2013. EarthSky is the ongoing website, serving 21 million users in 2019, according to Google Analytics. == History == Earth & Sky was the creation of producers Deborah Byrd and Joel Block, who were also the hosts. Byrd had previously created the radio program Star Date that began broadcasting in the US in 1978, and Block was Star Date's original host. Several producers researched topics, interviewed scientists and wrote radio scripts for the program through the years, including Jorge Salazar and Marc Airhart. The final episode of Earth & Sky was broadcast on June 2, 2013. President and co-founder Deborah Byrd said that although funding options existed to continue the radio program, a decision was made to stop producing the radio show in order to concentrate on the EarthSky.org website and social media. == Content == Earth & Sky presented 60- and 90-second radio spots (called "modules") on a wide variety of scientific topics, communicating through terrestrial radio as well as satellite radio and internet radio. Earth & Sky was aired one or more times daily


id: formula-five-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_Five-0.md
category: reference
title: Formula Five
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_Five
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:19.461295+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: formula-five-20260505-0
summary:
Formula Five was a British science magazine programme on BBC Radio 5 aimed at listeners in their late teens. It ran from 1990 to 1994, when the network closed. Sue Nelson presented the programme for most of its time on air, with Jez Nelson co-presenting the final series. Quentin Cooper was a regular contributor. As well as science, the series featured a running serial of Captain Scarlet, using soundtracks from the television series of the same name. == References ==


id: in-our-time-radio-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_Our_Time_(radio_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: In Our Time (radio series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_Our_Time_(radio_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:20.728377+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: in-our-time-radio-series-20260505-0
summary:
In Our Time is a BBC Radio 4 discussion series and podcast exploring a wide variety of historical, scientific and philosophical topics. First aired in October 1998, it is one of Radio 4's most successful discussion programmes, acknowledged to have "transformed the landscape for serious ideas at peak listening time". The series passed its 1,000th episode in September 2023 and attracts a weekly audience exceeding two million listeners. The show was presented by Melvyn Bragg, from its first broadcast in 15 October 1998. On 3 September 2025, the BBC reported that Bragg had decided to retire from the programme ahead of its new series as a new presenter would be announced in due course. On 3 December 2025, the BBC announced that Misha Glenny would take over as the new presenter from 15 January 2026. == Programme == The series, devised and produced by Olivia Seligman (with others) and currently produced by Simon Tillotson with Victoria Brignell, runs weekly throughout the year on BBC Radio 4, except for a summer break of approximately eight to ten weeks between July and September. Each programme covers a specific historical, philosophical, religious, cultural or scientific topic. In a November 2009 interview, Bragg described


id: the-life-scientific-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Life_Scientific-0.md
category: reference
title: The Life Scientific
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Life_Scientific
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:22.250246+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-life-scientific-20260505-0
summary:
The Life Scientific is a BBC Radio 4 science programme, presented by Jim Al-Khalili, in which each episode is dedicated to the biography and work of a living scientist. The programme consists of an interview between Al-Khalili and the featured scientist, with others contributing anecdotes. It is broadcast on Tuesday mornings in the UK, and is available online and via BBC Sounds, as is an archive of past episodes. In October 2021 the programme reached its 10-year anniversary with discussion between Ottoline Leyser, Paul Nurse, Christopher Jackson and Sue Black on the topic of 'What makes a scientist?'. == Episodes == Guests have included: == References == == External links == The Life Scientific at BBC Online


id: material-world-radio-programme-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_World_(radio_programme)-0.md
category: reference
title: Material World (radio programme)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_World_(radio_programme)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:23.462506+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: material-world-radio-programme-20260505-0
summary:
Material World was a weekly science magazine programme broadcast on Thursday afternoons on BBC Radio 4. Its regular presenter was Quentin Cooper, with contributions from scientists who were researching areas discussed in each programme. == History == The programme began in April 1998 as The Material World, presented by Trevor Phillips. Phillips was a chemistry graduate of Imperial College, and also one of the few regular black broadcasters on Radio 4. In September 2000, Phillips was told that his close links with the Labour Party conflicted with BBC impartiality rules and meant he could no longer present BBC programmes. He was replaced with Quentin Cooper, who presented the programme until its end in 2013. From 5 April 2010 the programme was repeated on Monday evenings at 21.00, the former slot of Costing the Earth. For a short time, when programmes on 5 Live began webstreaming with video, Material World was also webcast. On 14 June 2013 it was announced that the show was to be cancelled and replaced by a new show, Inside Science. The last programme presented by Quentin Cooper was broadcast on 20 June 2013 with the final episode airing a week later on 27 June 2013, presented


id: the-naked-scientists-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Naked_Scientists-0.md
category: reference
title: The Naked Scientists
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Naked_Scientists
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:25.956407+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-naked-scientists-20260505-0
summary:
The Naked Scientists is a one-hour audience-interactive science radio talk show broadcast live by the BBC nationally on BBC Radio 5 Live (until 12 January 2025), and internationally on Friday nights on ABC Radio National, Australia; it is also distributed globally as a podcast. The programme was created and is edited by Cambridge University consultant virologist Dr Chris Smith. Former Naked Scientists line-up members include producers Phil Sansom, Adam Murphy, and Katie Haylor, with Peter Cowley adding ad-hoc technology perspectives. == History == Dr Chris Smith launched The Naked Scientists in 2001, rebranding the programme from a previous incarnation created in 2000 called ScienceWorld. Initially on commercial local radio, the show moved to the BBC's eastern region local radio network in 2003 where it was aired on Sundays on all 8 stations across the region. In August 2012, BBC East in response to national changes to local radio provision announced an impending change to the Sunday schedule which would have seen the show discontinued. In response to public reaction, the head of BBC East, Mick Rawsthorne, was interviewed on national radio about the decision to end the programme. Rawsthorne explained that the Naked Scientists did not fit the station's core


id: quirks-quarks-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quirks_&_Quarks-0.md
category: reference
title: Quirks & Quarks
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quirks_&_Quarks
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:29.871887+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: quirks-quarks-20260505-0
summary:
Quirks & Quarks is a Canadian science news program, heard over CBC Radio One of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). Created by CBC Producer Diana Filer and airing since October 8, 1975, Quirks & Quarks is consistently rated among the most popular CBC programs, attracting over 800,000 listeners each Saturday from 12:06 to 13:00. The show is also heard on Sirius Satellite Radio and some American public radio stations. The show consists of several segments each week, most of which involve the host interviewing a scientist about a recent discovery or publication, combined with in-depth documentaries; however, from time to time the show does a special "Question Show" episode, during which the format consists of scientists answering questions submitted by listeners. Quirks & Quarks has offered listeners Internet audio streams and MP3 downloads on its web page since 1993. The MP3 audio files have been archived on the program web site, going back to Sept. 2006. In 2005, Quirks became the first major CBC show available as a podcast. Since the program began, it has won more than 80 national and international journalism awards, including the prestigious Walter Sullivan Award (twice) and the Science Writing Award from the American Institute


id: science-friday-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Friday-0.md
category: reference
title: Science Friday
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Friday
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:31.174665+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-friday-20260505-0
summary:
Science Friday (known as SciFri for short) is a weekly call-in talk show that broadcasts each Friday on public radio stations, distributed by WNYC Studios, and carried on over 500 public radio stations. SciFri is hosted by science journalist Ira Flatow and Flora Lichtman and is produced by the Science Friday Initiative. The program is divided into two one-hour programs, with each hour ending with a complete sign-off. The focus of each program is news and information on science, nature, medicine, and technology. The show originated as the Friday episode of the daily call-in talk show Talk of the Nation, but was spun off as a series in its own right when Talk of the Nation was canceled in June 2013. The Science Friday radio program is produced by the Science Friday Initiative, a 501(c)(3) organization. The Science Friday Initiative is an independently run organization with a governing board of directors and executive director. In addition to the radio program and podcasts, the organization creates educational and digital content, finds underwriting for the program, and hosts public science events. Science Friday is also available as a daily podcast and is one of the most popular iTunes downloads, frequently in the


id: science-in-action-radio-programme-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_Action_(radio_programme)-0.md
category: reference
title: Science in Action (radio programme)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_Action_(radio_programme)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:33.406539+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-in-action-radio-programme-20260505-0
summary:
Science in Action was a long-running weekly radio programme produced by the BBC World Service and hosted by British journalists Roland Pease, Marnie Chesterton, and scientist and broadcaster Professor Adam Hart. It was broadcast on Thursdays at 18.32 GMT and repeated twice the following day, at 01.32 and 08.32. A programme with the title Science in Action is believed to have begun life in 1964, when it replaced an earlier series, dating from the 1950s, called Science and Industry. From September 1965 a short-lived series called Science in Action ran on the Home Service; it was broadcast at 19.30 on Thursdays, later 21.30. In December 1965 it was moved to 14.30 on Fridays. The present weekly World Service series, also called Science in Action, began on Saturday 7 July 1979. The last broadcast was on 30 October 2025, as part of a cut of £6 million from the World Service and loss of 130 jobs. The programme was replaced with BBC Radio 4's programme, Inside Science, which took over the former slots of Science in Action. == See also == Inside Science, radio programme on BBC Radio Four == References == == External links == Science in Action at BBC


id: stardate-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarDate-0.md
category: reference
title: StarDate
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarDate
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:34.610029+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: stardate-20260505-0
summary:
StarDate is a science radio program of The University of Texas at Austin McDonald Observatory, broadcast on over 300 radio stations. It is a daily guide to the night sky and breaking astronomical news. Typically heard without formal introduction, StarDate is a self-contained science news feature interwoven with routine radio programming. It is the longest-running science outreach program on U.S. radio. Created in 1978 by science journalist Deborah Byrd of the McDonald Observatory, the short (2-minute) format of StarDate sprang from Byrd's scripts written for a telephone hot line on astronomy, which had started a year earlier. The telephone scripts had attracted the notice of a producer at radio station KLBJ-FM in Austin, who had turned them into a radio show that was broadcast for a year under the name "Have You Seen the Stars Tonight?" — a reference to the song co-written by Paul Kantner of Jefferson Starship. With the support of Harlan James Smith, McDonald Observatory's director, and after securing funding from the National Science Foundation, Byrd changed the name to Star Date (invoking the term "stardate" used in the opening monologue of the 1960s television series Star Trek) and began the series' national distribution in 1979. The


id: startalk-podcast-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarTalk_(podcast)-0.md
category: reference
title: StarTalk (podcast)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarTalk_(podcast)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:35.950942+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: startalk-podcast-20260505-0
summary:
StarTalk is a podcast on science, comedy, and popular culture hosted by astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson and comedian Chuck Nice, with various other comic and celebrity co-hosts and frequent guests from the worlds of science and entertainment. Past co-hosts have included Colin Jost, Lynne Koplitz, Leighann Lord, Eugene Mirman, John Oliver, and Kristen Schaal. Guests have included astronaut Buzz Aldrin, actor Morgan Freeman, George Takei, comedian Joan Rivers, Arianna Huffington, YouTuber Sam Denby, Richard Dawkins and writer Mary Roach. StarTalk has a segment called Cosmic Queries, in which listeners send in questions about the universe to be answered on the show. In May 2014, Rolling Stone ranked StarTalk at number 13 on its list of "The 20 Best Comedy Podcasts Right Now". On February 29, 2016, it was announced that there would be a spinoff podcast, StarTalk All-Stars, whose rotating hosts will be former StarTalk guests. In addition, the regular StarTalk comedy co-hosts will appear. Starting on February 1, 2017, a second spinoff, Playing with Science, was launched to discuss the science of sports. It is hosted by Gary O'Reilly and frequent StarTalk co-host Chuck Nice. StarTalk is partially funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation. As a


id: sur-les-paules-de-darwin-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_les_épaules_de_Darwin-0.md
category: reference
title: Sur les épaules de Darwin
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_les_épaules_de_Darwin
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:37.262556+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sur-les-paules-de-darwin-20260505-0
summary:
Sur les épaules de Darwin (in English "on the shoulders of Darwin") is a one-hour science radio program broadcast by France Inter in France since 2010. it is also distributed globally as a podcast. It is presented and written by Jean-Claude Ameisen. == Bibliography == (in French) Jean Claude Ameisen, Sur les épaules de Darwin. Les battements du temps. France Inter/Les liens qui libèrent, 2012, 444p. (in French) Jean Claude Ameisen, Sur les épaules de Darwin. Je t'offrirai des spectacles admirables. France Inter/Les liens qui libèrent, 2013, 448p. (in French) Jean Claude Ameisen, Sur les épaules de Darwin : Retrouver l'aube. France Inter/Les liens qui libèrent, 2014, 448p. (in French) Jean Claude Ameisen, Nicolas Truong, Les chants mêlés de la Terre et de l’humanité. Editions de l'aube, 2015, 112p. == References == == External links == Website


id: vanguardia-de-la-ciencia-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanguardia_de_la_Ciencia-0.md
category: reference
title: Vanguardia de la Ciencia
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanguardia_de_la_Ciencia
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:38.590262+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: vanguardia-de-la-ciencia-20260505-0
summary:
Vanguardia de la Ciencia was a Spanish science podcast and radio program which was broadcast on the shortwave band by Radio Exterior de España, one of the stations of Radio Nacional de España (RNE). The program aired weekly, without interruption, from April 1995 until June 2007. It was available for download as mp3-files from the web pages of RNE from September 2003. The program was created by Ángel Rodríguez Lozano. A total of 98 programs are still available online. In addition to Vanguardia de la Ciencia, Lozano also hosted another popular science radio program and podcast, El Sueño de Arquímedes. == History == Vanguardia de la Ciencia had a large audience worldwide. Although exact numbers of downloads and listeners are unavailable, Radio exterior de España has 80 million listeners, only surpassed by the BBC and Radio Vaticana. In addition, Vanguardia de la Ciencia was retransmitted by several radio stations in Latin America and Spain. The program was popular throughout the Spanish-speaking world. In June 2007, Vanguardia de la Ciencia and El sueño de Arquímedes were abruptly terminated. In the correspondence section of one of the last programs, Lozano explained, in response to a letter from an outraged listener, that the


id: electricity-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)-0.md
category: reference
title: Electricity (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:41.849618+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: electricity-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-song-20260505-0
summary:
"Electricity" is the 1979 debut single by the English electronic band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), featured on their eponymous debut album the following year. Andy McCluskey and Paul Humphreys sing the lead vocals on the track together in unison, although Humphreys is positioned higher in the mix. Recognised as one of the most influential singles of its era, "Electricity" was integral to the rise of the UK's synth-pop movement. It has garnered praise from music journalists and other recording artists. The track is a holdover from defunct Wirral group the Id (who were led by McCluskey and Humphreys), and features a melodic synthesizer break as opposed to a sung chorus. Following OMD's release of "Electricity" on Factory Records, the band were offered a recording contract with Dindisc, who twice re-issued the single. It achieved limited success on the UK singles chart, peaking at no. 99 in early 1980, but found popularity in nightclubs. A 2019 re-release, through Virgin EMI, topped the UK Vinyl Singles Chart. == Background == "Electricity" was the first song that Andy McCluskey and Paul Humphreys wrote together at the age of 16. It addresses society's wasteful usage of energy resources. Inspired by Kraftwerk's "Radioactivity",


id: electricity-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-song-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)-1.md
category: reference
title: Electricity (Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_(Orchestral_Manoeuvres_in_the_Dark_song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:41.849618+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: electricity-orchestral-manoeuvres-in-the-dark-song-20260505-0
summary:
== Legacy == Andrew Trendell of NME recognised "Electricity" as a "classic" and "one of the most influential singles of the post-punk era". The Guardian's Mary Harron wrote that the song "pioneered a new electronic pop", while Mike Mettler of Digital Trends said it "is generally acknowledged as being the pioneering inspirational synth-pop track for many early electronic artists". Author and musician Rudi Esch described "Electricity" as "a song that started a new movement"; Esch borrowed its title for his book, Electri_City: The Düsseldorf School of Electronic Music (2016). John Earls of Classic Pop called the track "groundbreaking", as did AFI and Blaqk Audio frontman, Davey Havok. Erasure bandleader Vince Clarke (formerly chief songwriter of Depeche Mode and Yazoo) told the BBC, "When I was 18 or 19 I heard a single called 'Electricity' by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark. It sounded so different from anything I'd heard; that really made me want to make electronic music, 'cause it was so unique." The song was a fixture in the DJ sets of Duran Duran's Nick Rhodes; bandmate John Taylor cited it as an early influence on the group. The track has also impacted artists such as Alphaville, No Doubt, Ministry's


id: the-elements-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Elements_(song)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Elements (song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Elements_(song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:43.169047+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-elements-song-20260505-0
summary:
"The Elements" is a 1959 song with lyrics by musical humorist, mathematician and lecturer Tom Lehrer, which recites the names of all the chemical elements known at the time of writing, up to number 102, nobelium. Lehrer arranged the music of the song from the tune of the "Major-General's Song" from The Pirates of Penzance by Gilbert and Sullivan. The song can be found on Lehrer's albums Tom Lehrer in Concert, More of Tom Lehrer and An Evening Wasted with Tom Lehrer. The song is also included in the musical revue Tom Foolery, along with many of Lehrer's other songs. == Description of the song == The ordering of elements in the lyrics fits the meter of the song, and includes much alliteration, and thus has little or no relation to the ordering in the periodic table. This can be seen for example in the opening and closing lines: Lehrer had been a mathematics student and lecturer at Harvard; in the closing lines of the song, he pronounced "Harvard" and "discovered" in a parody of the non-rhotic Boston accent to make the two words rhyme, even though he did not normally speak with that accent. He accompanied himself on the


id: forty-six-2-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty_Six_&_2-0.md
category: reference
title: Forty Six & 2
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty_Six_&_2
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:44.412301+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: forty-six-2-20260505-0
summary:
"Forty Six & 2" is a song by American rock band Tool. It was released as a promotional single from their second studio album, Ænima (1996). == Title and theme == A popular belief is that the song title refers to an idea first conceived by Drunvalo Melchizedek concerning the possibility of reaching a state of evolution at which the body would have two more than the normal 46 total chromosomes and leave a disharmonious state. The premise is humans would deviate from the current state of human DNA which contains 44 autosomes and two sex chromosomes. The next step of evolution would likely result in human DNA being reorganized into 46 autosomes and two sex chromosomes, according to Melchizedek. Additionally, it may refer to the desire to experience change through the "shadow", an idea that represents the parts of one's psyche and identity that one hates, fears and represses; this exists as a recurring theme in the work of Carl Jung. == Composition == Considered an "alt-metal anthem", the song is mostly in 44 time with some sections of 78 in between. In the intro, Danny Carey plays four measures of 78 on his ride cymbal over the rest


id: the-future-s-so-bright-i-gotta-wear-shades-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Future's_So_Bright,_I_Gotta_Wear_Shades-0.md
category: reference
title: The Future's So Bright, I Gotta Wear Shades
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Future's_So_Bright,_I_Gotta_Wear_Shades
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:45.673881+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-future-s-so-bright-i-gotta-wear-shades-20260505-0
summary:
"The Future's So Bright, I Gotta Wear Shades" is a song by Timbuk 3. It is the opening track from their debut album, Greetings from Timbuk3. Released as the album's first single in 1986, it was the band's only significant mainstream hit. == Background == The inspiration for the song, and the title specifically, came when Barbara MacDonald said to her husband singer/songwriter Pat MacDonald, "The future is looking so bright, we'll have to wear sunglasses!" But, while Barbara had made the comment in earnest – it was the early '80s, the two had met and married and were starting a family, their first EP was coming, their book was filling up with gigs – Pat heard the comment as an ironic quip and wrote down instead, "The future's so bright, I gotta wear shades." From there, the lyrics to the song were born, but not the song as it ended up in the minds of popular culture. While Pat wrote a song of a young nuclear scientist and his rich future, listening audiences heard a graduation theme song. Pat revealed on VH1's 100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders of the 80s that the meaning of the song was widely misinterpreted as


id: galaxy-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Song-0.md
category: reference
title: Galaxy Song
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Song
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:46.887043+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: galaxy-song-20260505-0
summary:
"Galaxy Song" is a Monty Python song written by Eric Idle and John Du Prez. The song first appeared in the 1983 film Monty Python's The Meaning of Life and was later released on the album Monty Python Sings. The song was released as a single in the UK on 27 June 1983 when it reached No. 77 in the charts and again on 2 December 1991 as a follow-up to the successful reissue of Always Look on the Bright Side of Life. In 2014 the song was featured in the live stage show Monty Python Live (Mostly) which was followed by another single release on 13 April 2015, this time in collaboration with Stephen Hawking. == Premise and synopsis == The song originally debuted during the comedy sketch "Live Organ Transplants". The paramedic (John Cleese), upon failing to persuade Mrs. Brown (Terry Jones) to donate her liver, opens the refrigerator doors to reveal a man wearing a pink morning suit (Eric Idle). The man accompanies Mrs. Brown through outer space singing various statistics about the galaxy. The upshot of the song (which follows a synthesized instrumental montage that, in the movie, is accompanied by a computer-animated picture of a


id: galaxy-song-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Song-1.md
category: reference
title: Galaxy Song
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Song
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:46.887043+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: galaxy-song-20260505-0
summary:
Released in 1984, Jim Post's album Crooner From Outer Space features a remake called "Galaxy/Lighten Up". "Galaxy Song" was performed by Sharon, Lois & Bram on The Elephant Show and appeared on their album Stay Tuned. (The final line was changed to "Because we need some here on Earth".) In 1999, Clint Black recorded a remake of "The Galaxy Song" on his album D'lectrified, as well as the "Outside Intro (To Galaxy Song)", which he co-wrote and sang with Idle. In late 2012, an updated version of "The Galaxy Song" aired on BBC Two in a trailer for Wonders of Life, hosted by physicist Brian Cox. It was called "The Galaxy DNA Song" by Idle. In 2014, the song was performed in the stage show Monty Python Live (Mostly). Idle emerges from a refrigerator and begins singing to an elderly woman (Carol Cleveland). At one point, they start dancing on stage as a clip shows them dancing among the stars with the galaxy in the background. After the song ends, the show cuts to a clip of Cox at Cambridge discussing the various scientific inaccuracies within the song only to be knocked over by Stephen Hawking with his motorized wheelchair.


id: genetic-engineering-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_Engineering_(song)-0.md
category: reference
title: Genetic Engineering (song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_Engineering_(song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:48.167701+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: genetic-engineering-song-20260505-0
summary:
"Genetic Engineering" is a 1983 song by the English electronic band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), released as the first single from their fourth studio album Dazzle Ships. The synthesized speech featured on the track is taken from a Speak & Spell, an educational electronic toy developed by Texas Instruments in the 1970s intended to teach children spelling. "Genetic Engineering" reached number 20 on the UK Singles Chart. It was also a Top 20 hit in several European territories, and peaked at number 5 in Spain. In the US it made number 32 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. == Reception and legacy == Smash Hits wrote, "Well worth the wait. OMD's knack of coming up with exhilarating singles has not been affected by their year off... a great tune." Jim Reid in Record Mirror said, "Madly infectious hookline propels a song absolutely dripping with 'moderne' references. A cold record, whose raison d'être lies in the application of studio technology and the manipulation of hackneyed goobledegook. Should be massive – won't touch my turntable again." In a later piece, God Is in the TV's Andy Page wrote that "Genetic Engineering" is "surely one of the most inventive and unusual


id: here-comes-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_Comes_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Here Comes Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_Comes_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:49.336481+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: here-comes-science-20260505-0
summary:
Here Comes Science is the fourth children's album and fourteenth studio album by American alternative rock band They Might Be Giants. It was packaged as a CD/DVD set. The album is science-themed, and is the third in their line of educational albums, following Here Come the ABCs (2005) and Here Come the 123s (2008). It was nominated for the "Best Musical Album for Children" Grammy. "I Am a Paleontologist" was featured in a Payless ShoeSource commercial featuring kids inside a dinosaur museum. == Track listing == The CD track listing is the same as the DVD track listing, with the exception of the bonus track "Waves", which is absent from the DVD. == Personnel == They Might Be Giants John Linnell – vocals, keyboard John Flansburgh – vocals, guitar Marty Beller – drums Danny Weinkauf – bass, vocals (3) Dan Miller – guitar Additional musicians Robin Goldwasser – additional vocals (4, 5, 8, 13) Hannah & Niffer Levine – additional vocals (16) Lena & Kai Weinkauf – additional vocals (3) Dan Levine – trombone, bass trombone, arrangement, alto horn, euphonium Stan Harrison – tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone, flute Curt Ramm – trumpet, flugelhorn, trumpet solo Michael Leonhart – trumpet, flugelhorn,


id: i-g-y-what-a-beautiful-world-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I.G.Y._(What_a_Beautiful_World)-0.md
category: reference
title: I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I.G.Y._(What_a_Beautiful_World)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:50.536804+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: i-g-y-what-a-beautiful-world-20260505-0
summary:
"I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)" is a song written and performed by American songwriter, singer and musician Donald Fagen. It was the first track on his platinum-certified debut solo album The Nightfly, and was released in September 1982 as its first single. It charted within the top 30 on the Billboard Hot 100, Mainstream Rock, R&B Singles and Adult Contemporary charts. == Background == Fagen, along with musician Walter Becker, led the rock band Steely Dan during the 1970s. Between 1972 and 1981, Steely Dan had ten Top-40 singles, including the top-ten hits "Do It Again" (1972), "Rikki Don't Lose That Number" (1974) and "Hey Nineteen" (1980). In 1981 Becker and Fagen parted ways. Fagen's first album as a solo artist, The Nightfly, was released the next year. == Title and lyrics == The "I.G.Y." of the title refers to the "International Geophysical Year", an event that ran from July 1957 to December 1958. The I.G.Y. was an international scientific project promoting collaboration among the world's scientists. Fagen's lyric discusses the widespread optimistic vision of the future at that time, including futuristic concepts such as solar-powered cities, a transatlantic tunnel, permanent space stations, and spandex jackets. The song references the


id: irresistible-force-met-the-immovable-object-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irresistible_Force_(Met_the_Immovable_Object)-0.md
category: reference
title: Irresistible Force (Met the Immovable Object)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irresistible_Force_(Met_the_Immovable_Object)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:51.769360+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: irresistible-force-met-the-immovable-object-20260505-0
summary:
"Irresistible Force" is the second single from American alternative rock band Jane's Addiction's fourth studio album, The Great Escape Artist. The song was released on August 3, 2011. == Musical style and lyrics == The song features TV on the Radio member and multi-instrumentalist Dave Sitek on guitar and bass guitar. It is less rock-laden than the previous Jane's Addiction single, "End to the Lies", and focuses more on synth-aided textures and atmospheric soundscapes. The song starts with a spoken word intro and continues on verse-chorus form, which is accompanied by a guitar solo by Dave Navarro. The verses, which were built around "droning funk" and "the rubbery basslines" were also noted. Lyrically, the song contains references to the irresistible force paradox. In an interview with CNN, the lyricist Perry Farrell indicated that "the song chronicles how the universe was created", while the drummer Stephen Perkins described it as "what pulls him, Dave and Perry together". Will Hermes of Rolling Stone also commented on the song's lyrics, describing it as "Perry Farrell sounding like Carl Sagan in an episode of Cosmos, musing ominously about the stars and some sort of big bang." == Reception and release == The critical reception


id: lobachevsky-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobachevsky_(song)-0.md
category: reference
title: Lobachevsky (song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobachevsky_(song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:53.023034+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: lobachevsky-song-20260505-0
summary:
"Lobachevsky" is a humorous song by Tom Lehrer, referring to the mathematician Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky. According to Lehrer, the song is "not intended as a slur on [Lobachevsky's] character" and the name was chosen "solely for prosodic reasons". In the introduction, Lehrer describes the song as an adaptation of a routine that Danny Kaye did to honor the Russian actor Constantin Stanislavski. (The Danny Kaye routine is sung from the perspective of a famous Russian actor who learns and applies Stanislavski's secret to method acting: "Suffer.") Lehrer sings the song from the point of view of an eminent Russian mathematician who learns from Lobachevsky that plagiarism is the secret of success in mathematics ("only be sure always to call it please 'research'"). The narrator later uses this strategy to get a paper published ahead of a rival, then to write a book and earn a fortune selling the movie rights. Lehrer wrote that he did not know Russian. In the song he quotes two "book reviews" in Russian; the first is a long sentence that he then translates succinctly as "It stinks." The second, a different but equally long sentence, is also translated as "It stinks." The actual text of


id: major-general-s-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major-General's_Song-0.md
category: reference
title: Major-General's Song
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major-General's_Song
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:54.268684+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: major-general-s-song-20260505-0
summary:
"I Am the Very Model of a Modern Major-General" (often referred to as the "Major-General's Song" or "Modern Major-General's Song") is a patter song from Gilbert and Sullivan's 1879 comic opera The Pirates of Penzance. It has been called the most famous Gilbert and Sullivan patter song. Sung by Major-General Stanley at his first entrance, towards the end of Act I, the character introduces himself by presenting his résumé as a polymath but admitting to fundamental shortcomings. He claims a wide range of classical, historical and scientific knowledge but admits that he knows little of military tactics, weapons or jargon. The song thereby satirises the idea of the "modern" educated British Army officer of the latter 19th century. The song is replete with historical and cultural references, in which the Major-General describes his impressive and well-rounded education in non-military matters, but he says that his military knowledge has "only been brought down to the beginning of the century". The stage directions in the libretto state that at the end of each verse the Major-General is "bothered for a rhyme"; interpolated business occurs here, and in each case he finds a rhyme and finishes the verse with a flourish. The piece


id: major-general-s-song-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major-General's_Song-1.md
category: reference
title: Major-General's Song
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major-General's_Song
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:54.268684+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: major-general-s-song-20260505-0
summary:
=== Television references === The song, or parts of it, has been sung in numerous television programs. For example, The Muppet Show (season 3, episode 52) staged a duet of the song with guest host Gilda Radner and a 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) talking carrot. Radner had requested a seven-foot-tall talking parrot, but Kermit had difficulty reading her handwriting. In a short cutaway from the 2012 Family Guy episode "Killer Queen", Peter plays the Major-General in a community theater production and mumbles all through the opening verse of the song. The 2003 VeggieTales cartoon episode The Wonderful World of Auto-Tainment! features Archibald Asparagus singing the first verse of the song. In Season 2, Episode 13 of USA Network series In Plain Sight, "Let's Get It Ahn", WITSEC workers, Mary and Eleanor, sing along to the song while listening to it being played as hold music. In a Season 3 episode of Home Improvement, "Room for Change" (1994), Al Borland, believing that he is in a sound-proof booth, belts out the first stanza but is heard by everyone. Other examples of television renditions of the song include the Babylon 5 episode "Atonement", sung by Marcus Cole to irritate fellow passenger Dr. Franklin;


id: radioactivity-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity_(song)-0.md
category: reference
title: Radioactivity (song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity_(song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:55.498205+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: radioactivity-song-20260505-0
summary:
"Radioactivity" (German: "Radioaktivität") is a song by the German electronic music band Kraftwerk. It was released in February 1976 as the only single from their fifth studio album, Radio-Activity (1975). The song was a commercial success in France and Belgium, but failed to chart in other countries, and thus was not as successful as Kraftwerk's previous hit "Autobahn". == Composition == The original recording features a Minimoog bass line playing eighth notes. Morse code signals spelling out radioactivity are also present, near the beginning of the track and again near the end. The second time the message continues with is in the air for you and me. The song was re-recorded as a radically different version for The Mix album in 1991 and was issued as a single in an edited form with remixes by François Kevorkian and William Orbit. The 1991 version drops all references to radio and incorporates additional lyrics with a pointed anti-nuclear theme, remaking the central lyrical hook as “stop radioactivity” and also referring to “contaminated population” and mentioning by name Chernobyl, Harrisburg, Sellafield and Hiroshima. == Live performances == "Radioactivity" has remained a regular part of Kraftwerk's live sets over the years. On its original


id: the-scientist-song-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scientist_(song)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Scientist (song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scientist_(song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:56.774836+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-scientist-song-20260505-0
summary:
"The Scientist" is a song by British rock band Coldplay. The song is credited to all the band members on their second album, A Rush of Blood to the Head. It is built around a piano ballad, with lyrics telling the story about a man's desire to love and an apology. The song was released in the United Kingdom on 11 November 2002 as the second single from A Rush of Blood to the Head and reached number 10 in the UK Charts. It was released in the United States on 15 April 2003 as the third single and reached number 18 on the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and number 34 on the Adult Top 40 chart. Critics were highly positive toward "The Scientist" and praised the song's piano riff and Chris Martin's falsetto. Several remixes of the track exist, and its riff has been widely sampled. The single's music video won three MTV Video Music Awards, for the video's use of reverse narrative. The song was also featured on the band's 2003 live album Live 2003 and has been a permanent fixture in the band's live set lists since 2002. == Background == Lead singer Chris Martin


id: the-scientist-song-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scientist_(song)-1.md
category: reference
title: The Scientist (song)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scientist_(song)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:56.774836+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-scientist-song-20260505-0
summary:
"The Scientist" has been featured on two of Coldplay's live albums, Live 2003 (2003) and Live in Buenos Aires (2018). The song was covered live by Aimee Mann and released on a special edition of her album Lost in Space. Natasha Bedingfield and Avril Lavigne covered the song on Jo Whiley's Live Lounge radio show. Also, Belinda Carlisle did a live rendition on the ITV1 reality show Hit Me Baby One More Time. The British female quartet All Angels did a choral arrangement of the song on their second album Into Paradise, which was released in 2007. In addition, the American television show MADtv did a parody of the video, called "The Narcissist." Coldplay's original version plus a cover of the track performed by Johnette Napolitano and Danny Lohner were featured in the 2004 film Wicker Park. Allison Iraheta and Kris Allen performed an acoustic duet of the song at Oprah Winfrey's "No Phone Zone" rally in Los Angeles. In 2011, Willie Nelson covered the song for a Chipotle Mexican Grill short film titled Back to the Start, highlighting the problems of concentrated animal feeding operations. It also appears as the final track on his 2012 album Heroes. Nelson's version


id: she-blinded-me-with-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/She_Blinded_Me_with_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: She Blinded Me with Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/She_Blinded_Me_with_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:58.013278+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: she-blinded-me-with-science-20260505-0
summary:
"She Blinded Me with Science" is a song by the English musician Thomas Dolby, released in 1982. It was first released as a single in the United Kingdom on 25 October 1982. It was subsequently included on the EP Blinded by Science and the 1983 re-release of Dolby's debut album The Golden Age of Wireless. Although viewed as a success in both the United States and Canada, peaking at No. 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 and 2 weeks at No. 1 in Canada's RPM magazine, the song barely managed to score among the Top 50 in Dolby's native United Kingdom, peaking at No. 49 on the UK Singles Chart in 1982. Dolby is often considered a one-hit wonder in the United States on the basis of the song's chart success there. In 2002, US cable television network VH1 named "She Blinded Me with Science" No. 20 on its list of the "100 Greatest One-hit Wonders". While the song is Dolby's only Top 40 single on the Billboard Hot 100, he has had other songs that scored on the music charts. In 2006, VH1 placed it at No. 76 on their list of "Greatest Songs of the '80s". Then, in


id: tesla-girls-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Girls-0.md
category: reference
title: Tesla Girls
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Girls
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:42:59.218886+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: tesla-girls-20260505-0
summary:
"Tesla Girls" is a song by the English electronic band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), released as the third single from their fifth studio album, Junk Culture (1984). It peaked at No. 21 in the UK and Ireland, and No. 33 on the Dutch Top 40. Although only moderately successful on the charts, it became one of the group's biggest club hits. "Tesla Girls" appeared in the John Hughes film Weird Science (1985). == Background == The song title refers to the Serbian-American engineer, futurist, and inventor Nikola Tesla, and was suggested by the Canadian academic, designer and musician Martha Ladly, who had also suggested the title of their third studio album Architecture & Morality (1981). Tesla is known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system. "The references to electric chairs and dynamos is actually a reference to dynamos which was essential for the use of the alternating current and anything electrical basically," said Andy McCluskey in an online Q&A session in 1998. == Critical reception and legacy == "Tesla Girls" met with a few detractors on release. Singer Kim Wilde – whose work had been influenced by OMD – called


id: visan-om-solen-m-nen-och-planeterna-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visan_om_solen,_månen_och_planeterna-0.md
category: reference
title: Visan om solen, månen och planeterna
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visan_om_solen,_månen_och_planeterna
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:00.501996+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: visan-om-solen-m-nen-och-planeterna-20260505-0
summary:
Visan om solen, månen och planeterna is a poem written by Betty Ehrenborg-Posse, published in 1868 in Folkskolans läsebok. As a song it is, just like the Anthem of Europe, sung to the same tune as Beethoven's 9th symphony. The lyrics teach geography, astronomy and the four Northern Hemisphere temperate seasons. Nowadays, often just the closing verse is sung, named Månaderna, Januari börjar året, Månadsvisa or Visan om året. In the 1977 children's song book Smått å gott, the lyrics rika härliga framgå have been replaced by Härlig sommar är det då. == Publication == Nu ska vi sjunga, 1943, under the lines "Årstiderna", credited as "old rhyme". Smått å Gott, 1977 (as "Månaderna", credited as an "old rhyme", with "music out of Beethoven's 9th symphony") Barnvisor och sånglekar till enkelt komp, 1984, credited as music out of Beethovens 9th symphony) as well as using "Oh My Darling, Clementine" as an alternate tune, splitting the first verse up into two verses, opening the second with "Juli.." Barnens svenska sångbok, 1999, under the lines "Sånger för småfolk". == References == Barnens svenska sångbok, (1999)


id: why-does-the-sun-shine-the-sun-is-a-mass-of-incandescent-gas-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_Does_the_Sun_Shine-0.md
category: reference
title: Why Does the Sun Shine? (The Sun Is a Mass of Incandescent Gas)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_Does_the_Sun_Shine?_(The_Sun_Is_a_Mass_of_Incandescent_Gas)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:01.672897+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: why-does-the-sun-shine-the-sun-is-a-mass-of-incandescent-gas-20260505-0
summary:
Why Does the Sun Shine? (The Sun Is a Mass of Incandescent Gas) is an EP by the American alternative rock band They Might Be Giants, released in 1993. It is the band's first release with a full-band line-up, rather than only the two original members (John Flansburgh and John Linnell) performing. It was also released as a single on 7-inch vinyl. == Songs == The title song is a cover version of a song by Hy Zaret from Tom Glazer's 1959 album Space Songs. The lyrics for the refrain appear verbatim in the 1951 Golden Nature Guide Stars. They Might Be Giants re-arranged the song in an uptempo version for the 1998 live album, Severe Tire Damage, and the 2009 children's album, Here Comes Science, on which was added the self-written "Why Does the Sun Really Shine? (The Sun is a Miasma of Incandescent Plasma)", which corrects several factual inaccuracies in the original song. It was also included on the soundtrack to the children's game show Carmen Sandiego: Out of This World (1994) and was briefly heard in the Malcolm in the Middle episode "Malcolm Babysits". The second track, "Jessica", was originally recorded by the Allman Brothers Band for


id: amphibian-species-of-the-world-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian_Species_of_the_World-0.md
category: reference
title: Amphibian Species of the World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian_Species_of_the_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:03.283288+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: amphibian-species-of-the-world-20260505-0
summary:
Amphibian Species of the World 6.2: An Online Reference (ASW) is a herpetology database. It lists the names of frogs, salamanders and other amphibians, which scientists first described each species and what year, and the animal's known range. The American Museum of Natural History hosts Amphibian Species of the World, which is updated by herpetologist Darrel Frost. As of 2024, it contained more than 8700 species. == History == The Association of Systematics Collections (ASC) started this project in 1978 because the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES) needed a database for animals. (The ASC later changed its name to Natural Science Collections Alliance.) The ASC's Stephen R. Edwards wrote Mammal Species of the World first and started Amphibian Species of the World second. Edwards decided to write about living amphibians because Richard G. Zweifel had just composed a large list of amphibian names and because experts from the University of Kansas were available to assist him. Darrel Frost joined the project to help Edwards. Frost planned to write Turtle and Crocodilian Species of the World next, but he left to complete his Ph.D. instead. The first version of the catalogue was published as a


id: amphibiaweb-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmphibiaWeb-0.md
category: reference
title: AmphibiaWeb
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmphibiaWeb
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:14.502374+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: amphibiaweb-20260505-0
summary:
AmphibiaWeb is an American non-profit website that provides information about amphibians. It is run by a group of universities working with the California Academy of Sciences: San Francisco State University, the University of California at Berkeley, University of Florida at Gainesville, and University of Texas at Austin. AmphibiaWeb's goal is to provide a single page for every species of amphibian in the world so research scientists, citizen scientists and conservationists can collaborate. It added its 7000th animal in 2012, a glass frog from Peru. As of 2022, it hosted more than 8,400 species located worldwide. == Origins == Scientist David Wake founded AmphibiaWeb in 2000. Wake had been inspired by the decline of amphibian populations across the world. He founded it at the Digital Library Project at the University of California at Berkeley in 2000. Wake came to consider AmphibiaWeb part of his legacy. == Uses == AmphibiaWeb provides information to the IUCN, CalPhotos, Encyclopedia of Life and iNaturalist, and the database is cited in scientific publications. == References ==


id: anecdata-org-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anecdata.org-0.md
category: reference
title: Anecdata.org
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anecdata.org
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:15.761355+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: anecdata-org-20260505-0
summary:
Anecdata.org (often shortened to Anecdata) is a citizen science web portal developed by the Community Environmental Health Lab at the MDI Biological Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine. Anecdata.org supports projects in the collection of observational data, primarily in environmental science, biology, and public health. Anecdata was founded in 2014 to provide a data management system for the citizen science projects run by the Community Environmental Health Lab and has since expanded to include more than 200 projects, where more than 8,000 registered users have contributed over 30,000 images and more than 50,000 observations. In addition to the desktop site, there is a corresponding mobile app that can be used to submit observations to existing projects. Anecdata.org also acts as a data repository where data can be stored, discovered, and shared to other users. == Notable projects == === Litter-Free Digital Journal === The Litter-Free Digital Journal is a project from the South Carolina Aquarium hosted on Anecdata.org with a custom app, that encourages participants to track and remove plastics and other litter from both land and water. Users Since the start of the project in 2016, data from more than 7,000 litter cleanups have been entered into the project by


id: community-research-and-development-information-service-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Research_and_Development_Information_Service-0.md
category: reference
title: Community Research and Development Information Service
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Research_and_Development_Information_Service
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:18.327790+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: community-research-and-development-information-service-20260505-0
summary:
The Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS) is the European Commission's primary source for the results of projects funded by the EU's framework programmes for research and innovation, from FP1 to Horizon Europe. The CORDIS website include all public information held by the commission (project fact-sheets, publishable reports, links to publications and deliverables), editorial content (including videos and a podcast) to support dissemination and exploitation, and comprehensive links to external sources such as open access publications and websites. It is organised in 6 sections: Thematic Packs (Different multilingual collections of up-to-date articles about specific research themes. Projects Info Packs are about projects in their early stages, Results Packs are about finished or nearly finished projects, and focus mainly on the specific fields of application of the research results, Synergy Packs bundle projects focusing on the synergies between Horizon Europe and other EU funding programmes) Project & Results Videos & Podcasts News Datalab (Different resources to access CORDIS data: Querying CORDIS Linked Open Data through SPARQL and API, interactive maps, visualisation widgets, ...) Search interface It is also possible to browse all CORDIS content by domain of application: these domains regroup articles and projects focusing on how they can be


id: community-research-and-development-information-service-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Research_and_Development_Information_Service-1.md
category: reference
title: Community Research and Development Information Service
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_Research_and_Development_Information_Service
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:18.327790+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: community-research-and-development-information-service-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1994-1996 === 1994 was an important year for CORDIS. The launch of the 4th R&D Framework Programme (1994-1998), and within it the Innovation Programme, gave a further explicit mandate to CORDIS. Strong interest prompted the addition of German and French to the R&D News database, marking the first language addition to an English language environment. Migration onto a new open systems architecture (UNIX-like system, FULCRUM databases, Web and FTP servers) facilitated the introduction of a number of new features - a WWW service, and a user-friendly Windows interface, WatchCORDIS. These measures boosted the system's attractiveness to users. By the end of the year, CORDIS offered some 130 000 database records which encouraged 11 000 registered users to perform nearly 15 000 user sessions per month. 1995-96 was a period of further consolidation and development. The CORDIS databases and web services were fully integrated as the migration into the new Information Dissemination environment (IDS) was completed. On-line host access was integrated into Watch-CORDIS and added to the CD-ROM service, allowing users to work both on-line and off-line coherently. The R&D News service was enriched by adding Italian and Spanish, bringing the offer to five languages. The CORDIS-Focus publication was launched,


id: eagle-i-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle-i-0.md
category: reference
title: Eagle-i
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle-i
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:19.677273+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: eagle-i-20260505-0
summary:
The eagle-i network (or just eagle-i) was a tool developed by a set of institutions from the United States that enables users to locate scientific resources around their country. It was retired November 4, 2021 after more than a decade in service. It used an ontology to map the resources (such as scientific equipment) to their location, facilitating reuse and collaboration. The eagle-i team has produced ontologies that take care of different kinds of resources, such as the Reagent Application Ontology. == External links == [https://open.catalyst.harvard.edu/products/eagle-i/ eagle-i info page https://www.eagle-i.net/ - former web site == References ==


id: f1000-publisher-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F1000_(publisher)-0.md
category: reference
title: F1000 (publisher)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F1000_(publisher)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:22.933277+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: f1000-publisher-20260505-0
summary:
F1000 (formerly "Faculty of 1000") is an open research publisher for scientists, scholars, and clinical researchers. F1000 offers a different research evaluation service from standard academic journals by offering peer-review after, rather than before, publishing a research article. Initially, F1000 was named after the 1,000 faculty members who performed peer-reviews, but over time F1000 expanded to more than 8,000 members. When F1000 was acquired by Taylor & Francis Group in January 2020, it kept the publishing services. F1000Prime (AKA Faculty Opinions) and F1000 Workspace (AKA Sciwheel) were acquired by different brands. == History == Faculty of 1000 was founded in 2000 by publishing entrepreneur Vitek Tracz in London. Initially, it was named after the 1,000 experts it had reviewing academic works, but over time F1000 expanded to more than 8,000 members. In 2002, it introduced F1000Prime (later known as Faculty Opinions), which recommended scientific articles selected by its experts. At first, F1000 was focused on biology, but later expanded to additional scientific fields over time, including a focus on medicine beginning in 2006. The company was part of the Science Navigation Group until its acquisition by Taylor & Francis in January 2020. As part of the deal, founder Vitek Tracz


id: the-future-of-things-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Future_of_Things-0.md
category: reference
title: The Future of Things
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Future_of_Things
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:24.695580+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-future-of-things-20260505-0
summary:
The Future of Things (TFOT) is an online magazine covering diverse topics related to science and technology. The magazine was launched in 2006. == History == TFOT was founded by Iddo Genuth and co-founder Barak Raz in early 2006 and its beta version was first launched on the 27 of September 2006. During beta the site included two sections – Picture of the Day (PODs) and Articles. In mid-2007 TFOT launched its full version with several new sections and a new design. Its team has more than 20 writers, from various countries worldwide. As of 2013 TFOT has been running under a different management. == Sections == As of September 2008, TFOT had several sections including: headlines, news, PODs, personal columns, book reviews and forums. TFOT also includes full articles which typically contain a Q&A section which, according to TFOT, is a more accurate way of doing an interview. In January 2009 TFOT added a video section featuring science and technology related videos from the web as well as original video clips produced by the TFOT team. Another change in 2009 was the expansion of the daily RSS service, providing headlines from similar websites among the original research published in


id: i-believe-in-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Believe_in_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: I Believe in Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Believe_in_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:25.985792+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: i-believe-in-science-20260505-0
summary:
I Believe in Science (Arabic: أنا أصدق العلم, romanized: ʾana ʾuṣaddiqu l-ʿilm) is an Arabic-language website dedicated to publishing translations of science articles and research, with the aim of keeping the Arabic speaking world up-to-date with the latest scientific discoveries and accomplishments. The project has amassed more than 2000 volunteers who managed to produce around 15000 scientific articles. Issam Fawaz is the CEO. == History == The project started in 2011 by Ahmed Al-Rayes, an Iraqi geologist living in Lebanon, across social media platforms, the website was established in 2013. They paid tribute to a few of the women who volunteer translating research in March 2015 for International Women's Day. In 2016, the idea became an official NGO registered in both Lebanon and the European Union. In 2012, the project adopted the slogan: I Believe in Science because it’s the only methodology that actually works The project goals are: Removing and breaking the linguistic barriers that once prevented the Arabic speaking world from reaching true scientific knowledge, by creating a free uninfluenced platform to exchange knowledge and expertise Creating and encouraging an environment for the Arab speaking population, that belongs to a hostile culture towards scientific truth, to read and


id: iflscience-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFLScience-0.md
category: reference
title: IFLScience
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFLScience
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:27.849797+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: iflscience-20260505-0
summary:
IFLScience (formerly I Fucking Love Science) is a popular-science media website and brand that publishes news and educational content on topics including physics, biology, astronomy, health, and the environment. Originally a Facebook page started by Elise Andrew in 2012, it subsequently developed into a professional news website with full time salaried staff. == History == IFLScience began as a Facebook page called "I Fucking Love Science", created by Elise Andrew in March 2012. Though she had not intended it to grow beyond "posting to a few dozen of [her] friends", the page rapidly gained attention for its informal tone and shareable science facts. After the first day, the page had over 1,000 likes and passed 1 million likes in September 2012. Andrew stated that this work ultimately led LabX Media Group, a Canadian science-media publisher, to hire her as a social media content manager that same year. The next year, the website iflscience.com was launched to expand beyond social-media posts into longer-form articles and digital editorial content. By January 2015, the page's Facebook had risen to 19.5 million likes. In May 2020, Andrew renamed the company from "I Fucking Love Science" to "IFLScience", citing the swear word's incompatibility with Facebook's


id: lab-tests-online-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab_Tests_Online-0.md
category: reference
title: Lab Tests Online
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab_Tests_Online
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:29.160025+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: lab-tests-online-20260505-0
summary:
Lab Tests Online is a family of peer-reviewed non-profit web resources about clinical laboratory testing. The site provides information on clinical laboratory tests as well as conditions that are managed or diagnosed by lab tests. Lab Tests Online also provides summaries of recommendations by age, feature articles on lab-related topics, and news items of patient interest. All contents are reviewed and approved by an Editorial Review Board composed of laboratory professionals before being posted to the site. == History and development == The first site was launched in 2001 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry, the scientific society for clinical laboratory science. This led to a collaboration with professional societies in 17 other countries representing the laboratory medicine community. Each site is separately managed to allow both appropriate languages and information that matches local needs. === USA === In January 2021, AACC’s Lab Tests Online (labtestsonline.org) was acquired by OneCare Media. In November 2021, LabTestsOnline.org was rebranded to Testing.com. === UK === The UK site is provided by the Association for Laboratory Medicine. It provides contextual hyperlinks from individual reports to the appropriate support information on the site. This is in routine use from one of the major suppliers


id: lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings-0.md
category: reference
title: Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:30.324789+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-20260505-0
summary:
The Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings are annual scientific conferences held in Lindau, Bavaria, Germany, since 1951. Their aim is to bring together Nobel laureates and the world's most talented young scientists to foster scientific exchange between different generations, cultures and disciplines. The meetings assume a unique position amongst international scientific conferences, as from 30 to more than 75 Nobel laureates attending each edition they are the largest regular congregation of Nobel laureates in the world, apart from the Nobel Prize award ceremony in Stockholm. == Purpose == Every Lindau Meeting consists of a multitude of scientific sessions like lectures and panel discussions as well as a variety of networking and social events. The meetings are not centered on the presentation of research results, but instead, their main goals are the exchange of ideas and the discussion of topics globally relevant to all scientists. The Nobel laureates do not receive any kind of payment for their participation and are free to choose the topics of their presentations. Approximately 375 are members of the meetings’ Founders Assembly. Billed by the organising Council for the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings as their ‘Mission Education’, the aim of the meetings is to facilitate the transfer


id: lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings-1.md
category: reference
title: Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:30.324789+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-20260505-0
summary:
== Meetings == Ever since their inception, the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings have taken place in the small Bavarian town of Lindau on the shores of Lake Constance. The city's center is located on an island in the lake that is connected to the mainland via bridges. === Meeting cycle === The meetings focus alternately on physiology and medicine, physics, and chemistry – the three natural science Nobel Prize disciplines. Since 2000, an interdisciplinary meeting revolving around all three natural sciences is held every five years (last in 2021). In addition, since 2004 the Lindau Meeting on Economic Sciences is held every three years with recipients of the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel ("Economic Nobel Prize"). === Scientific programme === The following session types are currently part of the scientific programme of the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings: Lectures: Traditional presentations held by the Nobel laureates who are free to choose their topics. Agora Talks: The Agora Talks feature one or two Nobel laureates and a moderator, discussing a topic of the laureate’s choosing. Participants are given the opportunity to ask questions in an open forum setting. This format is especially suitable for controversial and


id: lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings-2.md
category: reference
title: Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:30.324789+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: lindau-nobel-laureate-meetings-20260505-0
summary:
In 1955 at the 5th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, German physics Nobel laureates Max Born and Otto Hahn initiated the ‘Mainau Declaration against the Use of Nuclear Weapons’ that was meant to urge world leaders to abstain from using nuclear weapons. It was initially signed by 18 Nobel laureates attending the meeting, but the number of signatories grew to 52 within a year. Sixty years later, at the 65th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting in the summer of 2015, a second Mainau Declaration was issued, this time making a statement on the need to combat climate change. The declaration was initially signed by 36 attending Nobel laureates who were later joined by 40 additional colleagues. The first "Mainau Declaration 2024 Against Nuclear Weapons" was taken up in the context of the "Mainau Declaration 2024" in 2024. At the conclusion of the 73rd At the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, 30 Nobel laureates signed a declaration, read out by David J. Gross, warning of the dangers of nuclear war. === Lindau Guidelines === Nobel laureate Elizabeth Blackburn initiated the “Lindau Guidelines” in her opening speech during the 68th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting. The initiative formulates guidelines for global, sustainable and cooperative open science


id: molecule-of-the-month-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule_of_the_Month-0.md
category: reference
title: Molecule of the Month
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule_of_the_Month
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:32.681712+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: molecule-of-the-month-20260505-0
summary:
The Molecule of the Month (MOTM) is a website launched in 1996 by Henry Rzepa of the Imperial College London, Karl Harrison of the University of Oxford, and Paul May of the University of Bristol. Each month since January 1996, a new molecule has been added to the list on the page, making it one of the longest-running chemistry websites on the internet. == References == == External links == The Molecule of the Month Molecule of the week


id: netprimer-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netprimer-0.md
category: reference
title: Netprimer
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netprimer
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:33.885355+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: netprimer-20260505-0
summary:
NetPrimer is a gratis web-based tool used for analysing primers used in PCR to amplify a DNA sequence. The software predicts the melting temperature of the primers using the nearest neighbor thermodynamic algorithm. The accurate prediction of the melting temperature (Tm) is one of the most important factors that governs the success of a PCR reaction. NetPrimer also analyzes the thermodynamically important secondary structures such as hairpins, self and cross dimers, runs and repeats. These structures significantly affect the primer efficiency and therefore the success of a PCR reaction. NetPrimer can be used to determine the best primer pairs for a given set of experimental conditions. The program assigns a rating to each primer analyzed. The rating is based on the proximity of the thermodynamic parameters to their ideal scores. In addition to the primer quality, its molecular weight and optical activity (both in nmol/A260 and μg/A260) are also presented for quantitation. Primers are analyzed for their GC% (Guanine-Cytosine content). This important parameter determines their annealing strength. == Business model == Although Netprimer is provided without charge, it is not free software. Users must register for access and thereby receive advertising of Premier Biosoft's other products. == References == ==


id: nucleonica-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleonica-0.md
category: reference
title: Nucleonica
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleonica
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:35.109265+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: nucleonica-20260505-0
summary:
Nucleonica is a nuclear science web portal created by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre. which was later spun off to the company Nucleonica GmbH in March 2011. == History == The company Nucleonica GmbH was founded by Dr. Joseph Magill in 2011 as a spin-off from the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements. In addition to providing user friendly access to nuclear data, the main focus of Nucleonica is to provide professionals in the nuclear industry with a suite of validated scientific applications for everyday calculations. The portal is also suitable for education and training in the nuclear field, both for technicians and degree-level and programmes in Nuclear engineering technology. Nucleonica GmbH also took responsibility for the management and development of the Karlsruhe Nuclide Chart print and online versions. == User access == Users can register for free access to Nucleonica. This free access gives the user access to most applications but is restricted to a limited number of nuclides. For full access to all nuclides and applications, the user can upgrade to Premium for which there is an annual user charge. == References == == Notes == == Sources == Cern (2017). "Nucleonica | CERN


id: open-rev-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Rev.-0.md
category: reference
title: Open Rev.
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Rev.
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:36.283221+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: open-rev-20260505-0
summary:
Open Rev. is a web-based platform for open discussion and annotation of research publications and related material. Researchers can comment directly on text, formulas, and images in research papers, post related questions and answer questions posed by each other. Open Rev's web-based PDF viewer allows public discussion and open peer review of scientific publications. User contributions are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported. Open Rev. was a participant of the Harvard i-Lab Venture Incubation Program 2014 and has won awards from the Harvard Institute for Learning and Teaching and Education Innovation Pitch Competition. == History == Open Rev. was created by Erik Bauch and Georg Kucsko, PhD candidates in the Harvard Physics program. It officially launched in 2014. As of 2015, the user base had risen to over 1000 participants and included institutions such as Harvard, MIT, Northeastern University, Royal Holloway University of London, and Uppsala Universitet. == Media == Open Rev. has been featured in Harvard Physics, the Harvard Gazette and the Harvard alumni magazine, Colloquy. In an interview in Colloquy, co- Bauch explained, “Up until now scientific discussions usually occurred at conferences, in journal club, or in hallways on the way to lunch. With Open Rev. we


id: r-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R/science-0.md
category: reference
title: R/science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R/science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:37.569679+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: r-science-20260505-0
summary:
r/science is an Internet forum on Reddit where the community of participants discuss science topics. A popular feature of the forum is "Ask Me Anything" (AMA) public discussions. As of 2014, r/science attracted 30,000–100,000 visitors per day, making it the largest community-managed science forum and an attractive place to host discussions. It has over 33 million members as of 2024. == History == === Nathan Allen === Nathan Allen is an American chemist. While working as a chemist at Dow Chemical Company, Allen began to imagine that scientists could use Reddit's "ask me anything" (AMA) interview format to create discussions between scientists and the public. Allen became a forum moderator there and has since been prominent in guiding the culture of the community there and as a spokesperson for the forum. Allen has advocated that chemists should be more active in communicating with the public in online forums such as reddit. === AMA series === As of 2014, r/science attracted 30,000–100,000 visitors per day, making it the largest community-managed science forum and an attractive place to host discussions. In January 2014 Allen began the r/science AMA series with the goal of raising the visibility of scientists who are producing groundbreaking


id: researchgate-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResearchGate-0.md
category: reference
title: ResearchGate
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResearchGate
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:38.899728+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: researchgate-20260505-0
summary:
ResearchGate is a commercial social networking site for scientists and researchers to share papers, ask and answer questions, and find collaborators. According to a 2014 study by Nature and a 2016 article in Times Higher Education, it is the largest academic social network in terms of active users, although other services have more registered users, and a 2015–2016 survey suggests that almost as many academics have Google Scholar profiles. While reading articles does not require registration, people who wish to become site members need to have an email address at a recognized institution or to be manually confirmed as a published researcher in order to sign up for an account. Articles are free to read by visitors, however additional features (such as job postings or advertisements) are accessible only as a paid subscription. Members of the site each have a user profile and can upload research output including papers, data, chapters, negative results, patents, research proposals, methods, presentations, and software source code. Users may also follow the activities of other users and engage in discussions with them. Users are also able to block interactions with other users. The site has been criticized for sending unsolicited email invitations to coauthors of


id: researchgate-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResearchGate-1.md
category: reference
title: ResearchGate
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResearchGate
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:38.899728+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: researchgate-20260505-0
summary:
== Reception == A 2009 article in BusinessWeek reported that ResearchGate was a "potentially powerful link" in promoting innovation in developing countries by connecting scientists from those nations with their peers in industrialized nations. It said the website had become popular largely due to its ease of use. It also said that ResearchGate had been involved in several notable cross-country collaborations between scientists that led to substantive developments. Academic reception of ResearchGate remains generally positive, as recent reviews of extant literature show an accepting audience with broad coverage of concepts. A 2012 paper published in The International Information & Library Review conducted a survey with 160 respondents and reported that out of those respondents using social networking "for academic purposes", Facebook and ResearchGate were the most popular at the University of Delhi, but also "a majority of respondents said using SNSs [Social Networking Sites] may be a waste of time". Although ResearchGate is used internationally, its uptake—as of 2014—is uneven, with Brazil having particularly many users and China having few when compared to the number of publishing researchers. In a 2014 study by Nature, 88 percent of the responding scientists and engineers said that they were aware of ResearchGate and


id: researchgate-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResearchGate-2.md
category: reference
title: ResearchGate
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResearchGate
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:38.899728+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: researchgate-20260505-0
summary:
== Criticism == ResearchGate's decision to not remove convicted sex offenders from its social networking site has been criticized by Canadian authorities. Many researchers world-wide deleted their account in protest as they refused to remove convicted child pornographer and registered sex offender in Canada, Ben Levin as a user. Identified on ResearchGate as "Research Ben", he had been a frequent user of ResearchGate, publishing over 80 papers of interest with the vast majority dealing with studies around child pornography and pedophiles. ResearchGate has been criticized for emailing unsolicited invitations to the coauthors of its users. These emails were written as if they were personally sent by the user, but were instead sent automatically unless the user opted out, which caused some researchers to boycott the service and contributes to the negative view of ResearchGate in the scientific community. As of November 2016, the site appears to have discontinued this practice. The TechCrunch moderator Mike Butcher accused ResearchGate of having scraped competitors' websites for email addresses to spam, which the ResearchGate CEO denied. A study published by the Association for Information Systems in 2014 found that a dormant account on ResearchGate, using default settings, generated 297 invitations to 38 people over


id: sci-hub-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-0.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
Sci-Hub is a shadow library that provides free access to millions of research papers, regardless of copyright, by bypassing publishers' paywalls in various ways. Unlike Library Genesis, it does not provide access to books. Sci-Hub was founded in Kazakhstan by Alexandra Elbakyan in 2011, in response to the rising costs of research papers behind paywalls. The site is extensively used worldwide. In September 2019, the site's operator(s) said that it served approximately 400,000 requests per day. In addition to its intensive use, Sci-Hub stands out among other shadow libraries because of its easy use and reliability, as well as the enormous size of its collection. A 2018 study estimated that Sci-Hub provided access to almost all scholarly publications. On 15 July 2022, Sci-Hub reported that its collection comprised 88,343,822 files. In December 2020, the site paused uploads due to legal troubles. Since then, the site has archived a much lower fraction of new articles. Sci-Hub and Elbakyan were sued twice for copyright infringement in the United States, in 2015 and 2017, and lost both cases by default, leading to loss of some of its Internet domain names. The site has cycled through different domain names since then. Sci-Hub has been


id: sci-hub-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-1.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
=== United States === In 2015, Elsevier filed a lawsuit against Sci-Hub, in Elsevier et al. v. Sci-Hub et al., at the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Library Genesis (LibGen) was also a defendant in the case, which may be based in either the Netherlands or in Russia. It was the largest copyright infringement case that had been filed in the U.S., or in the world, at the time. Elsevier alleged that Sci-Hub violated copyright law and induced others to do so, and it alleged violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act as well as inducements to violate that law. Elsevier asked for monetary damages and an injunction to stop the sharing of the papers. Elsevier has used accusations over the alleged security threat that Sci-Hub poses to institutions to encourage educational institutions to block its use. Elbakyan responded to the case in an interview by accusing Elsevier of violating the right to science and culture under Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. She later wrote a letter to the court about the case describing her reasons for creating Sci-Hub, in which she stated, "Payment of 32 dollars [for each


id: sci-hub-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-2.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
=== India === In December 2020, Elsevier, Wiley and the American Chemical Society filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against Sci-Hub and Library Genesis in the Delhi High Court. The plaintiffs seek a dynamic injunction which means that any future domain name, IP address, or name-change by the respondents will not require the plaintiffs to return to court for an additional injunction. The court restricted the sites from uploading, publishing, or making any article available until 6 January 2021. In response to the lawsuit, as well as to Elbakyan's claim that the FBI had requested data from her Apple account, Reddit users on the subreddit r/DataHoarder organized to download and seed backups of the articles on Sci-Hub, with the intention of creating a decentralized and uncensorable version of the site. In order to have a better chance of winning a lawsuit presented against her and Sci-Hub by Elsevier in India, Elbakyan complied with a preliminary injunction issued by an Indian court, and suspended in 2021 upload of new publications, except for some batch releases of content. In India, Sci-hub is being represented by Advocate Nilesh Jain. He was interviewed by Hannes Grassegger for the German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung along with Alexandra


id: sci-hub-20260505-3
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-3.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
=== Delivery to users === The Sci-Hub website provides access to articles from almost all academic publishers, including Elsevier, Springer, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, American Chemical Society, Wiley Blackwell, and the Royal Society of Chemistry, as well as open-access works, and distributes them without regard to publishers' copyrights. It requires neither payments, nor subscriptions, nor registrations. Users can access works from all sources with a unified interface by entering the DOI in the search bar on the main page or in the Sci-Hub URL (like some academic link resolvers), or by appending the Sci-Hub domain to the domain of a publisher's URL (like some academic proxies). Sci-Hub redirects requests for some gold open access works, identified as such beyond the metadata available in CrossRef and Unpaywall. Some requests require the user to enter a CAPTCHA. Papers can also be accessed using a bot in the instant messaging service Telegram. If the paper is in the repository already, the request is served immediately. If the paper is not already in the repository, a wait screen appears while the site presents someone else's credentials on behalf of the user to a series of proxies until it finds one that has


id: sci-hub-20260505-4
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-4.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
less than 1% of all journals contribute to over 50% of all downloads while 50% of the least popular journals contribute to c. 1% of all downloads. Similar statistics are obtained when the downloads are normalized per article rather than per journal. Such data allowed academic libraries to negotiate reduced subscription costs or cut altogether less popular journals from big deal contracts. only 11% of all journal publishers are highly requested, while 45% of all publishers are significantly less accessed. Despite this, the oligopoly of publishers is even more remarkable on the level of content consumption, with 80% of all downloads being published through only 9 publishers. 1/3 of all articles downloaded were published by Elsevier, which published c. 24% of all journal articles. In 2017, Sci-Hub provided a more reliable access to legal open access articles, that the journal publishers, which have been prone to "unresolvable DOI's due to issues on publishers’ sides" and to "Open Access publications that disappear behind accidental paywalls". Of 27.8 million download requests via Sci-Hub, 23.2 million of these were for journal articles, 4.7 million (22%) of which were articles from medical journals. The requests for medical literature came mostly from middle- and low-income


id: sci-hub-20260505-5
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-5.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
A 2016 analysis of 28 million requests to Sci-Hub published in Science with the title Who's downloading pirated papers? Everyone shows a map of Sci-Hub users with dots all over the world. A 2020 study by researchers from 4 countries on 3 continents found that articles downloaded from Sci-Hub were cited 1.72 times more than papers not downloaded from Sci-Hub; the study's methods and conclusions were disputed by Phil Davis in a Scholarly Kitchen article. In a 2021 study conducted by the National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies, and Banaras Hindu University on the use of Sci-Hub in India, 13,144,241 out of 150,575,861 download requests in 2017 were found to have come from Indian IP addresses. Of the research papers downloaded in India, 1,050,62, or 18.46%, of these are already available in some form of open access. Indian users requested an average of 39,952 downloads per day from Sci-Hub in 2017. A 2018 study found a relatively low use of Sci-Hub in China. This was attributed to blocking of many Sci-Hub hosting sites by Cyberspace Administration of China and the existence of a Chinese twin of Sci-Hub, which is not accessible outside of China and is unknown to


id: sci-hub-20260505-6
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-6.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
== Reception == Sci-Hub's interface is perceived by users as providing a superior user experience and convenience compared to the typical interfaces available to users who have access to a paid subscription. In December 2022, in the journal Information Development, a survey of academic researchers found that, when confronted by a paywall, most respondents will first try to find an open-access version, then ask colleagues with other credentials, then use shadow libraries. 57% of respondents have used shadow libraries while 36% of respondents were unaware that shadow libraries exist. Sci-Hub has been lauded as having "changed how we access knowledge". It raised awareness about the scientific publishing business models and its ethics of making researchers' institutions pay for their articles to be published, while providing and reviewing them without payment. A study published in Journal Scientometrics in 2021 showed that articles downloaded from Sci-Hub were cited 1.72 times more often than articles not downloaded from Sci-Hub. Support for open-access science publishing extends beyond Sci-Hub; Plan S is an initiative launched by Science Europe on 4 September 2018. It is an initiative of "cOAlition S", a consortium launched by major national research agencies and funders from twelve European countries. The plan


id: sci-hub-20260505-7
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub-7.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Hub
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Hub
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:40.250052+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-hub-20260505-0
summary:
== Further reading == Alexandra Elbakyan. Why Science is Better with Communism? The Case of Sci-Hub (transcript and translation), Open Access Symposium 2016, University of North Texas (Archived from the original, 2016-07-24) McLaughlin, Stephen Reid (19 March 2016). "Sci-Hub/LibGen in Blogs and the Media". Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. (PDF) McNutt, Marcia (29 April 2016). "My love-hate of Sci-Hub". Science. 352 (6285). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 497. Bibcode:2016Sci...352..497M. doi:10.1126/science.aaf9419. PMID 27126012. S2CID 206650367. (Archived from the original) Houle, Louis (2017) Sci-Hub and LibGen: what if… why not? Paper presented at: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions WLIC 2017 – Wrocław, Poland – Libraries. Solidarity. Society. in Session S12 - Satellite Meeting: Serials and Other Continuing Resources Section and Acquisition and Collection Development. In: Open Access: Action Required, 16 – 17 August 2017, Gdańsk (Poland). Karaganis, Joe, ed. (4 May 2018). Shadow Libraries: Access to Knowledge in Global Higher Education. MIT Press. doi:10.7551/mitpress/11339.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-262-53501-4. Garcia-Puente, Maria; Pastor-Ramon, E.; Agirre, Oskia; Moran, Jose M.; Herrera-Peco, Ivan (October 2019). "The use of Sci-Hub in systematic reviews of the scholarly literature". Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 21 (5): 816. doi:10.1111/cid.12815. hdl:10810/35471. PMID 31328359. S2CID 198134428.


id: sci-mate-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Mate-0.md
category: reference
title: Sci-Mate
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci-Mate
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:41.493137+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sci-mate-20260505-0
summary:
Sci-Mate was a proposal for an open collaboration of scientists using Web 2.0 software to address well known challenges in academic publishing and technology transfer. The site provided free access to a collection of Web 2.0 software applications intended to make it easier for researchers and developers to bring together the necessary knowledge, tools and people for productive research and/or development. A demo version of the site was launched in April 2009, which included software supporting Articles, Discussion, Embedding and Item Exchange. Prior to launch the site was reviewed by The Australian and on ABC's Future Tense program. More recently the site was described in the December 2009 issue of the European Journal of Immunology in the lead up to the 1st Virtual Immunology Conference (VIC 2010). The site's terms and conditions state that it is research, not profit, oriented, and is intended to be owned, controlled and run by its community of research scientist members. == Articles == Articles on sci-mate used Web 2.0 solutions for scientists to put their knowledge initially into open access articles, which can be ultimately published in 'traditional' formats. Sci-Mate articles recorded authorship and an automatic claim of copyright on behalf of contributors instantly


id: science-and-development-network-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_Development_Network-0.md
category: reference
title: Science and Development Network
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_Development_Network
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:42.796810+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-and-development-network-20260505-0
summary:
SciDev.Net, short for Science and Development Network, is an online source of news and analysis about science and technology in the context of global development. It aims to help individuals and organisations apply science to decision-making in order to promote sustainable development and poverty reduction. == History == SciDev.Net was founded in 2001 by David Dickson as a science news service for developing countries. It originated from a project set up by news staff at the journal Nature (with financial assistance from the Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom) to report on the World Conference on Science, in Budapest, in 1999. It was established in response to the significant gap in scientific knowledge between rich and poor countries and with the understanding that “those who stand to benefit the most from modern science and technology are also those with the least access to information about it." SciDev.Net seeks to redress this imbalance via its free-to-access website, regional networks, and science communications training. == Ownership == Since 2017, SciDev.Net has been owned by CABI (CAB International), a not-for-profit organisation focusing primarily on agricultural and environmental issues in low- and middle-income countries, and the creation, curation, and dissemination of scientific knowledge. SciDev.Net operates editorially


id: science-information-on-wikipedia-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_information_on_Wikipedia-0.md
category: reference
title: Science information on Wikipedia
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_information_on_Wikipedia
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:44.022822+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-information-on-wikipedia-20260505-0
summary:
Science information on Wikipedia includes the information that Wikipedia presents about science. There have been critiques of and discussions about the impact and quality of that information, and of the interactions of Wikipedia editors, scientists, and public engagement with the information. == Impact == A 2016 study found evidence that Wikipedia increases the distribution and impact of open access science publications. A 2017 study found evidence that Wikipedia's popularity as the most popular general information source has influenced how everyone talks and writes about science. UNESCO reported in 2017 that Wikipedia is a popular source of science information because of its high ranking in search engines. A 2018 study examined the way that Wikipedia integrates new scientific information. == Editors == In 2016 the Wiki Education Foundation and the Simons Foundation presented an outreach program called the "Year of Science". In this program, Wikipedia educators visited academic conferences and invited scientists to contribute information from their field of expertise to Wikipedia. Some universities have programs to encourage students to edit Wikipedia's science articles as part of the learning experience. The Wikipedia community invites academics to edit Wikipedia articles. Various academic societies have encouraged their membership to edit Wikipedia. == Quantity


id: science-tv-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science.tv-0.md
category: reference
title: Science.tv
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science.tv
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:45.139455+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-tv-20260505-0
summary:
Science.tv is a virtual community for people interested in science. It enables users to upload videos and categorize them according to subject matter and intended audience. == History == science.tv was founded by Matt Thurling, a digital media pioneer and film-maker based in Bristol, England. Research and development work began in 2005 and the site was launched in December 2007. Thurling writes the science.tv blog, where he sets out the vision for the site and invites feedback and suggestions for improvements. == Domain name == The .tv ("dot-tv") extension is a Top-level domain name, originally associated with the Polynesian island nation of Tuvalu. The entire domain was purchased from the islands' residents in 2000 and the suffix is now increasingly being used for sites featuring, or relating to, video content. == Technology == A look at the source code of science.tv reveals a front-end built with Cascading Style Sheets and JavaScript. Video is delivered using the Adobe Flash codec. The back-end relies on a PHP interface to a mySQL content management system. == Content == The focus of science.tv is user-generated content, and much of the content on the site is actually embedded from other video sites, including YouTube. The


id: technosphere-virtual-environment-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TechnoSphere_(virtual_environment)-0.md
category: reference
title: TechnoSphere (virtual environment)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TechnoSphere_(virtual_environment)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:47.565710+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: technosphere-virtual-environment-20260505-0
summary:
TechnoSphere was an online digital environment launched on September 1, 1995 and hosted on a computer at a UK university. Created by Jane Prophet and Dr. Gordon Selley, TechnoSphere was a place where users from around the globe could create creatures and release them into the 3D environment, described by the creators as a "digital ecology." Earlier incarnations of TechnoSphere did not have the advantage of web-accessible 3D graphics, but was still governed by chaos theory and similar algorithms that determined each creature's unique behavior based on their components and interactions with each other and their environment. The online program was one of many digital artificial life simulations that evolved as the World Wide Web began to grow. Many museums and classrooms found the tool to be a valuable complement to learning material on natural selection and ecosystems. The experiment operated online until 2002. It was relaunched on January 15, 2007, but became offline again as of November 2012. == Description == TechnoSphere was a real-time, 3D simulation of an environment that was populated by virtual creatures. Users across the globe had the capability to create their own creatures through a website. TechnoSphere III, one of many incarnations of the


id: web-experimental-psychology-lab-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Experimental_Psychology_Lab-0.md
category: reference
title: Web Experimental Psychology Lab
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Experimental_Psychology_Lab
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:48.793596+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: web-experimental-psychology-lab-20260505-0
summary:
The Web Experimental Psychology Lab is a website for participating in Web-based experiments, a method used in experimental psychology. The Web Experimental Psychology Lab was founded in 1994-1995, by Ulf-Dietrich Reips at the University of Tübingen, then moved to the University of Zürich and on to the Universidad de Deusto, and is now at the University of Konstanz. For the first time, participants were able to take part in studies via a web browser in a virtual psychology laboratory. In January 2017, the Society for Computation in Psychology named Reips' 2001 article on the Web Experimental Psychology Lab in the journal Behavior Research Methods one of eight "groundbreaking and influential" articles in the history of the society and the field. == References == == External links == Web Experimental Psychology Lab


id: zooniverse-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zooniverse-0.md
category: reference
title: Zooniverse
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zooniverse
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:50.049698+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: zooniverse-20260505-0
summary:
Zooniverse is a global platform for people-powered research, also known as participatory science or citizen science. It is a collaboration between Chicago’s Adler Planetarium, the University of Oxford, and the University of Minnesota. It is home to some of the Internet's largest, most popular and most successful citizen science projects. == Background == The organization grew from the original Galaxy Zoo project and now hosts dozens of projects which allow volunteers to participate in crowdsourced scientific research. It has headquarters at Oxford University and the Adler Planetarium. Unlike many early internet-based citizen science projects (such as SETI@home) which used spare computer processing power to analyse data, known as volunteer computing, Zooniverse projects require the active participation of human volunteers to complete research tasks. Projects have been drawn from disciplines including astronomy, ecology, cell biology, humanities, and climate science. As of 14 February 2014, the Zooniverse community consisted of more than 1 million registered volunteers. By March 2025, the number had risen to over 2.7 million. The volunteers are often collectively referred to as "Zooites". The data collected from the various projects has led to the publication of more than 450 peer-reviewed research publications. A daily news website called 'The Daily


id: fermat-kitchen-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat_Kitchen-0.md
category: reference
title: Fermat Kitchen
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat_Kitchen
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:53.173405+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fermat-kitchen-20260505-0
summary:
Fermat Kitchen (Japanese: フェルマーの料理, Hepburn: Ferumā no Ryōri; 'Fermat's Cuisine') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yūgo Kobayashi. It has been serialized in Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Magazine since September 2018. A television drama adaptation aired from October to December 2023. An anime television series adaptation produced by Domerica aired from July to September 2025. == Characters == Gaku Kitada (北田 岳, Kitada Gaku) Voiced by: Ryōsuke Tomita Portrayed by: Fumiya Takahashi A math genius who was recruited by Kai to work as a chef at Restaurant K. Gaku applies his mathematical talents into molecular gastronomy to learn more about cooking and develop his own recipes. Kai Asakura (朝倉 海, Asakura Kai) Voiced by: Taito Ban Portrayed by: Jun Shison A culinary prodigy serving as the charismatic, enigmatic owner of Restaurant K. Kai becomes Gaku's mentor after witnessing his unique potential in cooking. Ranna Akamatsu (赤松 蘭菜, Akamatsu Ranna) Voiced by: Natsu Yorita Portrayed by: Fuka Koshiba The only female chef at Restaurant K who has a straightforward and cool personality. Magoroku Inui (乾 孫六, Inui Magoroku) Voiced by: Tatsumaru Tachibana Portrayed by: Rihito Itagaki A chef at Restaurant K who becomes close friends with


id: list-of-films-about-mathematicians-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_about_mathematicians-0.md
category: reference
title: List of films about mathematicians
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_about_mathematicians
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:54.322977+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-films-about-mathematicians-20260505-0
summary:
This is a list of feature films and documentaries that include mathematicians, scientists who use math or references to mathematicians. == About mathematics == Films where mathematics is central to the plot: 21 (2008) – A group of current and former MIT students, mostly mathematicians, and an algebra professor devise a card counting scheme for success at Las Vegas Strip blackjack tables. The Bank (2001) – A mathematician discovers a formula to predict fluctuations in the stock market. Cube (1997) – Six people, including math student Leaven, awake in a deathtrap based on mathematical principles. Fermat's Room (2007) – Three mathematicians and one inventor are invited to a house under the premise of solving a great enigma and told to use pseudonyms based on famous historical mathematicians. At the house, they are trapped in a room. They must solve puzzles given by the host, who calls himself "Fermat", in order to escape the slowly closing walls of the room. Gifted (2017) – Frank Adler (Chris Evans) is a single man raising a child prodigy—his spirited young niece Mary (Mckenna Grace)—in a coastal town in Florida after the death of her mother Diane, a mathematician. Mary's grandmother Evelyn (Lindsay Duncan) and


id: list-of-films-about-mathematicians-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_about_mathematicians-1.md
category: reference
title: List of films about mathematicians
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_films_about_mathematicians
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:54.322977+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-films-about-mathematicians-20260505-0
summary:
Agora (2009) – The life of the mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher Hypatia (Rachel Weisz), directed by Alejandro Amenábar. A Beautiful Mind (2001) – A fictional account based loosely on the life of mathematician John Nash (Russell Crowe), who made a breakthrough that wins him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Breaking the Code (1996) – A biographical film based on the life of Alan Turing adapted from the 1986 play of the same name. A Brief History of Time (1991) – A biographical documentary film about the physicist Stephen Hawking, directed by Errol Morris. Cartesius (1973) – A miniseries on the life of René Descartes, directed by Roberto Rossellini. Counting from Infinity: Yitang Zhang and the Twin Prime Conjecture (2015) – A documentary film by George Paul Csicsery about Yitang Zhang, a lecturer at the University of New Hampshire, working in complete isolation and making an important breakthrough towards solving the twin prime conjecture. Enigma (2001) – A story of romantic and psychological intrigue set in Bletchley Park during the World War II effort to crack the German Enigma machine. Fermat's Last Theorem (1997) – A documentary on the mathematician Andrew Wiles proving the eponymous theorem, directed by Simon


id: science-fell-in-love-so-i-tried-to-prove-it-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Fell_in_Love,_So_I_Tried_to_Prove_It-0.md
category: reference
title: Science Fell in Love, So I Tried to Prove It
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Fell_in_Love,_So_I_Tried_to_Prove_It
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:56.785178+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-fell-in-love-so-i-tried-to-prove-it-20260505-0
summary:
Science Fell in Love, So I Tried to Prove It (理系が恋に落ちたので証明してみた。, Rikei ga Koi ni Ochita no de Shōmei Shite Mita.) is a Japanese romantic comedy manga series by Alifred Yamamoto. It has been serialized online via Flex Comix's Comic Meteor website since 2016 and has been collected in twenty tankōbon volumes. A four-episode live-action drama adaptation aired from September 1 to September 22, 2018, and a live-action film adaptation premiered on February 1, 2019. An anime television series adaptation by Zero-G aired from January to March 2020. A second season aired from April to June 2022. == Premise == Saitama University researchers Shinya Yukimura and Ayame Himuro use data science to analyze the world's systems. But when Ayame confesses to Shinya that she might be in love with him, they both agree that they need to approach the issue with scientific experiments including measuring their heart rates under various situations. Their quirky coworkers in their research group also join in on the fun. == Characters == Shinya Yukimura (雪村心夜, Yukimura Shinya) Portrayed by: Shun Nishime (live-action TV series and film) Voiced by: Yuma Uchida (Japanese); Billy Kametz (English) (season 1), Alejandro Saab (season 2) (anime) Yukimura is a first-year


id: science-fell-in-love-so-i-tried-to-prove-it-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Fell_in_Love,_So_I_Tried_to_Prove_It-1.md
category: reference
title: Science Fell in Love, So I Tried to Prove It
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Fell_in_Love,_So_I_Tried_to_Prove_It
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:56.785178+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-fell-in-love-so-i-tried-to-prove-it-20260505-0
summary:
=== Anime === An anime television series adaptation was announced on January 8, 2019. The series was animated by Zero-G and directed by Tōru Kitahata, with Rintarō Ikeda credited for series composition. Ikeda and Michiko Yokote wrote the scripts, and Yūsuke Isouchi designed the characters. Hisakuni, Shouichiro Hirata, Kaoru Ōtsuka, Shūhei Takahashi, Takuma Sogi, and Yūko Takahashi composed the music. It aired from January 11, 2020, to March 28, 2020, on Tokyo MX, BS11, AT-X and UHB. Sora Amamiya (who voices Ayame Himuro) performed the series' opening theme song "PARADOX", while Akari Nanawo performed the series' ending theme song "Turing Love" with utaite Sou as guest vocals. Amazon Prime Video Japan released all 12 episodes of the series on January 11, 2020 JST. Crunchyroll simulcast the series with subtitles as well and has also released an English dub. On October 17, 2020, a second season was announced during a special event held in Japan. Titled Science Fell in Love, So I Tried to Prove It r=1-sinθ (Heart) , it aired from April 2 to June 18, 2022, with the cast and staff reprising their roles. Sora Amamiya performed the opening theme song "Love-Evidence", while CHiCO with HoneyWorks and Mafumafu performed


id: s-gaku-golden-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sūgaku_Golden-0.md
category: reference
title: Sūgaku Golden
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sūgaku_Golden
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:57.929372+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: s-gaku-golden-20260505-0
summary:
Sūgaku Golden (数学ゴールデン, Sūgaku Gōruden; lit. ''Mathematics Golden'') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Tatsuhiko Kuramaru. It began serialization in Hakusensha's seinen manga magazine Young Animal Zero in September 2019. == Plot == Haruichi Onoda has one goal in his life, representing Japan at the International Mathematical Olympiad. He has become so focused on his goal that he isolated himself from the outside world to avoid distractions. After entering high school, he gets approached by Nanase, a student who also likes mathematics. The two become friends over their shared desire to compete at the olympiad. == Publication == Written and illustrated by Tatsuhiko Kuramaru, Sūgaku Golden began serialization in Hakusensha's seinen manga magazine Young Animal Zero on September 9, 2019. Its chapters have been compiled into eight tankōbon volumes as of December 2025. == Reception == The series was nominated for the seventh Next Manga Awards in 2021 in the print category. The series was ranked second in the "I Want to Deliver It to the World" category at the first Rakuten Kobo E-book Awards in 2023. == References == == External links == Sūgaku Golden (manga) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia


id: s-ji-de-asobo-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sūji_de_Asobo-0.md
category: reference
title: Sūji de Asobo
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sūji_de_Asobo
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:43:59.069664+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: s-ji-de-asobo-20260505-0
summary:
Sūji de Asobo (数字であそぼ。; lit. 'Playing with Numbers') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Murako Kinuta. It has been serialized in Shogakukan's josei manga magazine Flowers since June 2018, with its chapters collected in 15 tankōbon volumes as of January 2026. The series won the 69th Shogakukan Manga Award in 2024. == Plot == == Publication == Written and illustrated by Murako Kinuta, Sūji de Asobo started in Shogakukan's josei manga magazine Flowers on June 28, 2018. Shogakukan has collected its chapters into individual tankōbon volumes. The first volume was released on December 10, 2018. As of January 9, 2026, 15 volumes have been released. === Volumes === == Reception == Along with The Elusive Samurai, Frieren: Beyond Journey's End, and Trillion Game, Sūji de Asobo won the 69th Shogakukan Manga Award in 2024. == Notes == == References == == Further reading == Taniguchi, Riuichi (November 30, 2021). 『数字であそぼ。』と『数学ゴールデン』が導く奥深き数学の世界 それぞれの魅力を徹底考察. Real Sound (in Japanese). Blueprint Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. 女子よ理学部へ 少女漫画でPR (in Japanese). The Asahi Gakusei Shimbun Company. June 21, 2023. Archived from the original on January 20, 2024. == External links == Official website at Flowers (in Japanese) Sūji


id: list-of-works-by-petr-van-ek-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_Petr_Vaníček-0.md
category: reference
title: List of works by Petr Vaníček
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_Petr_Vaníček
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:01.648533+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-works-by-petr-van-ek-20260505-0
summary:
This is the list of works by Petr Vaníček. == Remarks == B Book TB Textbook LN Lecture Notes PR Paper in a Refereed Journal R Research Paper C Critique, Reference Paper IP Invited Paper to a Meeting NP Paper Read at a Meeting TH Thesis RT Report (non-technical) RW Review Paper (technical) == List of works == == Sources == Santos, Marcelo, ed. (January 2003). Honoring The Academic Life of Petr Vanicek. Fredericton: Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, University of New Brunswick. pp. 184–219.


id: 365-days-of-astronomy-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/365_Days_of_Astronomy-0.md
category: reference
title: 365 Days of Astronomy
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/365_Days_of_Astronomy
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:03.318515+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 365-days-of-astronomy-20260505-0
summary:
365 Days of Astronomy is an educational podcast, inspired by the International Year of Astronomy, published daily beginning in 2009. It is produced as a collaboration between Southern Illinois University Edwardsville and Astrosphere New Media Association. The individual episodes are written, recorded, and produced by people all around the world. The podcast had 3,000–10,000 listeners each day. == History == In 2008, astronomer Pamela Gay initiated brainstorming via e-mail on possible "new media" programs for 2009, the International Year of Astronomy (IYA). The discussion included Michael Koppelman from Slacker Astronomy, Phil Plait of Bad Astronomy, and others involved in the IYA. Their ideas were distilled down into the 365 Days Of Astronomy podcast. The podcast was to publish one episode per day over the entire year of 2009 and was originally planned to only run for that year. In 2009, 365 Days of Astronomy released an episode with Ray Bradbury as a guest. During the podcast he spoke about one of his books, The Martian Chronicles, and said "We didn't think we could do it, and we did it! It was quite amazing" referring to the crewed moon launches. In 2013, the show evolved to add video. In 2015, it


id: an-astronomer-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Astronomer-0.md
category: reference
title: An Astronomer
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Astronomer
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:04.657120+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: an-astronomer-20260505-0
summary:
An Astronomer is an oil-on-canvas painting created in 1652 by Dutch artist Ferdinand Bol. He served as an apprentice to Rembrandt and earlier to Jacob Cuyp. The painting is held in the National Gallery, in London, to which it was donated by E.A. Bennett in 1862. == Description == The painting shows an astronomer at a table, on which are terrestrial and celestial globes. The work also draws on the themes of Melencolia I, an engraving by Albrecht Dürer. The depicted man, who is peering into an open book with a frowning expression, can easily be identified as an astronomer due to the presence of a world map and a celestial sphere on the table. The painting perhaps belongs to the trend dating back to Dürer, in which scientists were depicted in the melancholy generated by the awareness of the futility of their research in face of the prospect of death. == References ==


id: astronomy-cast-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy_Cast-0.md
category: reference
title: Astronomy Cast
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy_Cast
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:05.969007+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: astronomy-cast-20260505-0
summary:
Astronomy Cast is an educational nonprofit podcast discussing various topics in the field of astronomy. The specific subject matter of each episode shifts from week to week, ranging from planets and stars to cosmology and mythbusting. Premiering on September 10, 2006, the weekly show is co-hosted by Fraser Cain and Dr. Pamela L. Gay. Fraser Cain is the publisher of the space and astronomy news site Universe Today and has a YouTube channel with over 200,000 subscribers. The other host, Dr. Pamela L. Gay, is a Senior Education and Communication Specialist and Senior Scientist for the Planetary Science Institute and the director of CosmoQuest. Each show usually has a length of approximately 30 minutes, and all shows, past and present, are accessible for download through the Astronomy Cast archive, as well as in podcast format. The Astronomy Cast official website also hosts the blog Astronomy Cast LIVE, which covers select astronomy meetings using various bloggers, including Cain, Gay, and Phil Plait, as well as recent astronomy-related news and events. A public forum, the Astronomy Cast Forum, where registered members and site visitors may share and exchange valuable information can also be found on the website and is created under Bad


id: celestial-cartography-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_cartography-0.md
category: reference
title: Celestial cartography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_cartography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:07.144413+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: celestial-cartography-20260505-0
summary:
Celestial cartography, uranography, astrography or star cartography is the aspect of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere. Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques. These techniques have developed from angle measurements with quadrants and the unaided eye, through sextants combined with lenses for light magnification, up to current methods which include computer-automated space telescopes. Uranographers have historically produced planetary position tables, star tables, and star maps for use by both amateur and professional astronomers. More recently, computerized star maps have been compiled, and automated positioning of telescopes uses databases of stars and of other astronomical objects. == Etymology == The word "uranography" derived from the Greek "ουρανογραφια" (Koine Greek ουρανος "sky, heaven" + γραφειν "to write") through the Latin "uranographia". In Renaissance times, Uranographia was used as the book title of various celestial atlases. During the 19th century, "uranography" was defined as the "description of the heavens". Elijah H. Burritt re-defined it as the "geography of the heavens". The German word for uranography is "Uranographie", the French is "uranographie" and the Italian is "uranografia". == Astrometry == Astrometry, the science


id: celestial-cartography-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_cartography-1.md
category: reference
title: Celestial cartography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_cartography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:07.144413+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: celestial-cartography-20260505-0
summary:
=== Modern === Bright Star Atlas – Wil Tirion (stars to magnitude 6.5) Cambridge Star Atlas – Wil Tirion (Stars to magnitude 6.5) Norton's Star Atlas and Reference Handbook – Ed. Ian Ridpath (stars to magnitude 6.5) Stars & Planets Guide – Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion (stars to magnitude 6.0) Cambridge Double Star Atlas – James Mullaney and Wil Tirion (stars to magnitude 7.5) Cambridge Atlas of Herschel Objects – James Mullaney and Wil Tirion (stars to magnitude 7.5) Pocket Sky Atlas – Roger Sinnott (stars to magnitude 7.5) Deep Sky Reiseatlas – Michael Feiler, Philip Noack (Telrad Finder Charts – stars to magnitude 7.5) Atlas Coeli Skalnate Pleso (Atlas of the Heavens) 1950.0 – Antonín Bečvář (stars to magnitude 7.75 and about 12,000 clusters, galaxies and nebulae) SkyAtlas 2000.0, second edition – Wil Tirion & Roger Sinnott (stars to magnitude 8.5) 1987, Uranometria 2000.0 Deep Sky Atlas – Wil Tirion, Barry Rappaport, Will Remaklus (stars to magnitude 9.7; 11.5 in selected close-ups) Herald-Bobroff AstroAtlas – David Herald & Peter Bobroff (stars to magnitude 9 in main charts, 14 in selected sections) Millennium Star Atlas – Roger Sinnott, Michael Perryman (stars to magnitude 11) Field Guide to the Stars


id: chu-silk-manuscript-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript-0.md
category: reference
title: Chu Silk Manuscript
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:08.345210+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: chu-silk-manuscript-20260505-0
summary:
The Chu Silk Manuscript (traditional Chinese: 楚帛書; simplified Chinese: 楚帛书; pinyin: Chǔ Bóshū; Wade–Giles: Ch'u Po-shu), also known as the Chu Silk Manuscript from Zidanku in Changsha (traditional Chinese: 長沙子彈庫楚帛書; simplified Chinese: 长沙子弹库楚帛书; pinyin: Chángshā Zǐdànkù Chǔ Bóshū; Wade–Giles: Ch'ang-sha Tzu-tan-k'u Ch'u Po-shu), is a Chinese astrological and astronomical text. It was discovered in a (c. 300 BCE) Warring States period tomb from the southern Chinese state of Chu. == History == The provenance of the Chu Silk Manuscript is uncertain, like many illicit antiquities. Sometime between 1934 and 1942, grave robbers discovered it in a tomb near Zidanku (literally "bullet storehouse"), east of Changsha, Hunan. Archaeologists later found the original tomb and dated it to around 300 BCE. In 1946, the art collector Cai Jixiang (蔡季襄) owned the manuscript. John Hadley Cox then transported it to the United States. How John Hadley Cox acquired the manuscript from Cai Jixiang remains a controversy: Cai claimed that Cox had been asked to help scan the manuscript only; Cai's efforts to have the manuscript returned had persisted till the late 1970s but failed. The philanthropist Arthur M. Sackler purchased the ancient manuscript in 1965, and it is preserved in the Arthur M.


id: chu-silk-manuscript-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript-1.md
category: reference
title: Chu Silk Manuscript
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:08.345210+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: chu-silk-manuscript-20260505-0
summary:
If [...] and the length of the lunar months becomes too long or too short, then they will not fit the proper degree and spring, summer, autumn, and winter will [not] be [...] regular; the sun, moon, and planets will erratically overstep their paths. When (the months) are too long, too short, contrary, or chaotic, (the growth of) the grasses and trees have no regularity. This is [called] yao, "demonic" (influences or omens). When heaven and earth create calamities, the Heaven's Cudgel (Tianpou) star creates (sweeping) destruction, sending (the destruction) down through all four regions (of the earth). Mountains collapse, springs gush forth geysers. This is called "contravention." If you contravene the years (and) the months, then upon entering the seventh or eighth day of the month there will be fog, frost, and clouds of dust, and you will not be able to function according (to heaven's plan). "Seasons (Inner Short Text)" also has three subsections; describing how the gods separated heaven and earth and determined the four seasons, Yandi and Zhu Rong supported the heavens with five pillars of different colors, and Gong Gong divided time into periods, days, months, and years. Long, long ago, Bao Xi of [...]


id: chu-silk-manuscript-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript-2.md
category: reference
title: Chu Silk Manuscript
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_Silk_Manuscript
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:08.345210+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: chu-silk-manuscript-20260505-0
summary:
=== Sources === Andersen, Poul (1989). "The Practice of Bugang". Cahiers d'Extrême- Asie. 5 (5): 15–53. doi:10.3406/asie.1989.942. Barnard, Noel (1958). "A Preliminary Study of the Ch'u Silk Manuscript – A New Reconstruction of the Text". Monumenta Serica. 17: 1–11. doi:10.1080/02549948.1958.11730971. Barnard, Noel (1972). Studies on the Ch'u Silk Manuscript. Monographs on Far Eastern History. Vol. 4. Australian National University. Barnard, Noel (1973). The Ch'u Silk Manuscript. Translation and Commentary. Australian National University Press. Barnard, Noel (1981). "The nature of the Ch'in "Reform of the Script" as reflected in archaeological documents excavated under conditions of control". In Needham, Joseph (ed.). Science in Traditional China: a Comparative Perspective. The Chinese University Press. pp. 181–214. ISBN 978-0-674-79439-9. Cook, Constance A.; Major, John S., eds. (1999). Defining Chu: Image and Reality in Ancient China. Hawaii University Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2905-6. Jao Tsung-I (1985). Chu boshu 楚帛書 (in Chinese). Zhonghua shuju. Jao Tsung-I (1987). "The Calligraphic Art of the Chu Silk Manuscript". Orientations. 18 (9): 79–84. Lawton, Thomas, ed. (1991). New Perspectives on Chu Culture during the Eastern Zhou Period. Princeton University Press. Li Ling (1985). Changsha Zidanku Zhanguo Chu boshu yanjiu 長沙子彈庫戰國楚帛書研究 (in Chinese). Zhonghua shuju. Li, Ling; Cook, Constance A. (1999). "Translation of the


id: eso-st-ecf-science-archive-facility-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESO/ST-ECF_Science_Archive_Facility-0.md
category: reference
title: ESO/ST-ECF Science Archive Facility
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESO/ST-ECF_Science_Archive_Facility
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:09.578413+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: eso-st-ecf-science-archive-facility-20260505-0
summary:
The ESO/ST-ECF Science Archive Facility is an electronic archive for astronomical data. It currently contains more than 40.0 Terabytes of scientific data obtained with the ESA/NASA Hubble Space Telescope (HST), with the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) and Very Large Telescope (VLT) and with the Wide Field Imager on the ESO/MPI 2.2m Telescope. == External links == The ESO/ST-ECF Science Archive Facility The European Southern Observatory The Space Telescope-European Coordinating Facility


id: integrated-software-for-imagers-and-spectrometers-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Software_for_Imagers_and_Spectrometers-0.md
category: reference
title: Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Software_for_Imagers_and_Spectrometers
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:10.880847+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: integrated-software-for-imagers-and-spectrometers-20260505-0
summary:
Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (Isis) is a specialized software package developed by the USGS to process images and spectra collected by current and past NASA planetary missions sent to Earth's Moon, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and other solar system bodies. == History == The history of ISIS began in 1971 at the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in Flagstaff, Arizona. Isis was developed in 1989, primarily to support the Galileo NIMS instrument. It contains standard image processing capabilities (such as image algebra, filters, statistics) for both 2D images and 3D data cubes, as well as mission-specific data processing capabilities and cartographic rendering functions. == Raster data format name == Family of related formats that are used by the USGS Planetary Cartography group to store and distribute planetary imagery data. PDS, Planetary Data System ISIS2, USGS Astrogeology Isis cube (Version 2) ISIS3, USGS Astrogeology ISIS Cube (Version 3) == See also == Ames Stereo Pipeline == References == == External links == Official website


id: the-jodcast-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jodcast-0.md
category: reference
title: The Jodcast
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jodcast
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:12.208097+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-jodcast-20260505-0
summary:
The Jodcast is a monthly podcast created by astronomers at Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA), University of Manchester in Manchester, England. It debuted in January 2006, aiming to inspire and inform the public about astronomy and related sciences, to excite young people with the latest astronomy research results, to motivate students to pursue careers in science, and to dispel stereotypes of scientists as incomprehensible and unapproachable. The Jodcast provides insight into up-to-date astronomical and astrophysical research via regular interviews with researchers from institutions worldwide, as well as with its own staff at the University of Manchester. Episodes also feature interviews with JBCA PhD students during Jodbites to promote early-career researchers and to offer a unique perspective to life in academia. The Jodcast team also regularly interacts with listeners and answers questions related to astronomy and astrophysics during its monthly Ask an Astronomer segments. The ever-popular Night Sky segment has not returned in 2024, following the passing of Prof Ian Morison. The Jodcast was co-founded by previous Manchester students Stuart Lowe, Nick Rattenbury and David Ault in 2006. Current and previous episodes of the Jodcast may be downloaded via its own website and RSS feeds, and from iTunes. The Jodcast


id: astronomical-survey-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_survey-0.md
category: reference
title: Astronomical survey
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_survey
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:14.632339+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: astronomical-survey-20260505-0
summary:
An astronomical survey is a general map or image of a region of the sky (or of the whole sky) that lacks a specific observational target. Alternatively, an astronomical survey may comprise a set of images, spectra, or other observations of objects that share a common type or feature. Surveys are often restricted to one band of the electromagnetic spectrum due to instrumental limitations, although multiwavelength surveys can be made by using multiple detectors, each sensitive to a different bandwidth. Surveys have generally been performed as part of the production of an astronomical catalog. They may also search for transient astronomical events. They often use wide-field astrographs. == Scientific value == Sky surveys, unlike targeted observation of a specific object, allow astronomers to catalog celestial objects and perform statistical analyses on them without complex corrections for selection effects. In some cases, an astronomer interested in a particular object will find that survey images are sufficient to make new telescope time entirely unnecessary. Surveys also help astronomers choose targets for closer study using larger, more powerful telescopes. If previous observations support a hypothesis, a telescope scheduling committee is more likely to approve new, more detailed observations to test it. The wide


id: astronomical-survey-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_survey-1.md
category: reference
title: Astronomical survey
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_survey
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:14.632339+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: astronomical-survey-20260505-0
summary:
Optical Hipparchus - created the first known star catalogue with more than 850 stars. The data was incorporated into the Almagest along with the first list of stellar magnitudes and was the primary astronomical reference until modern times, 190-120 BC. Bonner Durchmusterung - whole-sky astrometric star catalog, 1859–1903 Astrographic Catalogue - international astronomical survey of the entire sky. The survey was performed by 18 observatories using over 22,000 photographic plates. The results have been the basis of comparison for all subsequent surveys, 1887–1975. Henry Draper Catalogue - spectral classifications based on photographic plates, 1918–1924, extension 1925–1936 Catalina Sky Survey - an astronomical survey to discover comets and asteroids. Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (NGS–POSS) – survey of the northern sky on photographic plates, 1948–1958 CfA Redshift Survey – A program from Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. It began in 1977 to 1982 then from 1985 to 1995. Digitized Sky Survey – optical all-sky survey created from digitized photographic plates, 1994 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dfGRS) – redshift survey conducted by the Anglo-Australian Observatory between 1997 and 2002 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) – an optical and spectroscopic survey, 2000–2006 (first pass) Photopic Sky Survey –


id: astronomical-survey-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_survey-2.md
category: reference
title: Astronomical survey
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_survey
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:14.632339+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: astronomical-survey-20260505-0
summary:
=== Surveys of the Magellanic Clouds === Catalogues of H-α emission stars and nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds - published 1956 (Astrophys. J. Suppl., 2, 315) MCELS (Magellanic Cloud Emission-line Survey) The Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey – UBVI (optical) Deep Near Infrared Survey (DENIS) – near-IR == See also == See astronomical catalogue for a more detailed description of astronomical surveys and the production of astronomical catalogues Redshift surveys are astronomical surveys devoted to mapping the cosmos in three dimensions Category:astronomical catalogues—List of astronomical catalogues on Wikipedia Astrograph for a type of instrument used in Astronomical surveys. Timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys == References ==


id: timeline-of-astronomical-maps-catalogs-and-surveys-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_astronomical_maps,_catalogs,_and_surveys-0.md
category: reference
title: Timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_astronomical_maps,_catalogs,_and_surveys
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:15.784798+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: timeline-of-astronomical-maps-catalogs-and-surveys-20260505-0
summary:
This timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs and surveys spans over four millennia of observations. == Second millennium BCE == c. 1800 BCE — Babylonian star catalog (see Babylonian star catalogues) c. 1370 BCE — Observations for the Babylonia MUL.APIN (an astro catalog). == First millennium BCE == c. 350 BCE — Shi Shen's star catalog has almost 800 entries c. 300 BCE — star catalog of Timocharis of Alexandria c. 134 BCE — Hipparchus makes a detailed star map == First millennium CE == c. 150 — Ptolemy completes his Almagest, which contains a catalog of stars, observations of planetary motions, and treatises on geometry and cosmology c. 705 — Dunhuang Star Chart, a manuscript star chart from the Mogao Caves at Dunhuang c. 750 — The first Zij treatise, Az-Zij ‛alā Sinī al-‛Arab, written by Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī and Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī c. 777 — Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq's Az-Zij al-Mahlul min as-Sindhind li-Darajat Daraja c. 830 — Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi's Zij al-Sindhind c. 840 — Al-Farghani's Compendium of the Science of the Stars c. 900 — Al-Battani's Az-Zij as-Sabi 964 — Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi)'s star catalog Book of the Fixed Stars == Second millennium CE == 1031


id: wuxingzhan-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuxingzhan-0.md
category: reference
title: Wuxingzhan
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuxingzhan
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:17.001204+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: wuxingzhan-20260505-0
summary:
The Wuxingzhan (五星占), translated to English as the Prognostications of the Five Planets, is a 170 BCE text on astronomy and astrology found in Mawangdui tomb, near Changsha, Hunan. The text was compiled around the Han Dynasty period in China. Thought to be lost, the text was rediscovered during the 1970s. == Contents == The text is about nine chapters covering different planets: Jupiter, Venus, Mars, Saturn, and Mercury. The Wuxingzhan provides numerical data on the visibility and movement of the five classical planets in a non-classical order. It also includes original excerpts from ancient Chinese astronomical works by Gan De and Shi Shen. === Saturn === The Wuxingzhan states that Saturn's orbital period is 30 years, in comparison, the Grand Inception Calendar says 29.79 years. Much like the calendar, the Wuxingzhan is more concerned with calendrical accuracy than relying on mere astrology. === Venus === In terms of Venus, the Wuxingzhan states that the planet is visible for 224 days, correcting the 240 days noted in other sources, likely due to a copying error. Venus's true orbital period is about 224.70 days, but early Chinese astronomers struggled to define it clearly due to its position relative to the sun.


id: biology-in-fiction-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_in_fiction-0.md
category: reference
title: Biology in fiction
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_in_fiction
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:18.569232+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: biology-in-fiction-20260505-0
summary:
Biology appears in fiction, especially but not only in science fiction, both in the shape of real aspects of the science, used as themes or plot devices, and in the form of fictional elements, whether fictional extensions or applications of biological theory, or through the invention of fictional organisms. Major aspects of biology found in fiction include evolution, disease, genetics, physiology, parasitism and symbiosis (mutualism), ethology, and ecology. Speculative evolution enables authors with sufficient skill to create what the critic Helen N. Parker calls biological parables, illuminating the human condition from an alien viewpoint. Fictional alien animals and plants, especially humanoids, have frequently been created simply to provide entertaining monsters. Zoologists such as Sam Levin have argued that, driven by natural selection on other planets, aliens might indeed tend to resemble humans to some extent. Major themes of science fiction include messages of optimism or pessimism; Helen N. Parker has noted that in biological fiction, pessimism is by far the dominant outlook. Early works such as H. G. Wells's novels explored the grim consequences of Darwinian evolution, ruthless competition, and the dark side of human nature; Aldous Huxley's Brave New World was similarly gloomy about the effects of genetic engineering.


id: biology-in-fiction-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_in_fiction-1.md
category: reference
title: Biology in fiction
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_in_fiction
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:18.569232+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: biology-in-fiction-20260505-0
summary:
=== Physiology === The creation scene in James Whale's 1931 film Frankenstein makes use of electricity to bring the monster to life. Shelley's idea of reanimation through electric shock was based on the physiology experiments of Luigi Galvani, who noted that a shock made the leg of a dead frog twitch. Electric shock is now routinely used in pacemakers, maintaining heart rhythm, and defibrillators, restoring heart rhythm. The ability to produce electricity is central to Naomi Alderman's 2016 science fiction novel The Power. In the book, women develop the ability to release electrical jolts from their fingers, powerful enough to stun or kill. Fish such as the electric eel, Electrophorus electricus, create powerful electric fields with modified muscles, stacked end-to-end as cells in a battery in their electric organs, and the novel indeed references such fish and the electricity generated in striated muscle. === Parasitism === Parasites appear frequently in fiction, from ancient times onwards as seen in mythical figures like the blood-drinking Lilith, with a flowering in the nineteenth century. These include intentionally disgusting alien monsters in science fiction films, though these are sometimes less "horrible" than real examples in nature. Authors and scriptwriters have to some extent exploited


id: biology-in-fiction-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_in_fiction-2.md
category: reference
title: Biology in fiction
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_in_fiction
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:18.569232+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: biology-in-fiction-20260505-0
summary:
A common use of fictional biology in science fiction is to provide plausible alien species, sometimes simply as terrifying subjects, but sometimes for more reflective purposes. Alien species include H. G. Wells's Martians in his 1898 novel The War of the Worlds, the bug-eyed monsters of early 20th century science fiction, fearsome parasitoids, and a variety of giant insects, especially in early 20th century big bug movies. Humanoid (roughly human-shaped) aliens are common in science fiction. One reason is that authors use the only example of intelligent life that they know: humans. The zoologist Sam Levin points out that aliens might indeed tend to resemble humans, driven by natural selection. Luis Villazon points out that animals that move necessarily have a front and a back; as with bilaterian animals on Earth, sense organs tend to gather at the front as they encounter stimuli there, forming a head. Legs reduce friction, and with legs, bilateral symmetry makes coordination easier. Sentient organisms will, Villazon argues, likely use tools, in which case they need hands and at least two other limbs to stand on. In short, a generally humanoid shape is likely, though octopus- or starfish-like bodies are also possible. Many fictional plants


id: flesh-and-spirit-painting-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flesh_and_Spirit_(painting)-0.md
category: reference
title: Flesh and Spirit (painting)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flesh_and_Spirit_(painting)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:19.723409+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: flesh-and-spirit-painting-20260505-0
summary:
Flesh and Spirit is a painting created by American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat c. 1982–83. The multi-panel painting, which is one of the largest ever made by Basquiat, sold for $30.7 million at Sotheby's in May 2018. == History == Flesh and Spirit is made up of two horizontal panels hinged to create four quadrants, measuring a combined 12 by 12 feet. The title is a reference to Robert Farris Thompson’s 1983 book Flash of the Spirit: African and Afro-American Philosophy, which Basquiat said was "probably the best book I ever read on African art. It's one of the best." The artwork features elements of a skeleton, a brain and a disembodied hand, along with texts like "SPIRIT," "POTATO," and "FLESH." Basquiat had a fascination with the human anatomy since he was a child. A major reference source used throughout his career was the book Gray's Anatomy. After he was hit by a car, his mother had given him the book while he was in the hospital recovering from a broken arm and various internal injuries. Flesh and Spirit was acquired by art collector and patron of the arts Dolores Neumann, who was also an art dealer for graffiti artists. She


id: the-inner-life-of-the-cell-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Inner_Life_of_the_Cell-0.md
category: reference
title: The Inner Life of the Cell
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Inner_Life_of_the_Cell
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:21.019991+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-inner-life-of-the-cell-20260505-0
summary:
The Inner Life of the Cell is an 8.5-minute 3D computer graphics animation demonstrating the molecular mechanisms that occur when a white blood cell in the blood vessels of the human body is activated by inflammation (Leukocyte extravasation). It shows how a white blood cell rolls along the inner surface of the capillary, flattens out, and squeezes through the cells of the capillary wall to the site of inflammation where it contributes to the immune reaction. == Production == David Bolinsky, former lead medical illustrator at Yale, lead animator John Liebler, and Mike Astrachan are some of the creators at XVIVO who made the movie. The audio track was composed, recorded, and produced by Matt Berky. They created the animation for Harvard's Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology. Most of the processes animated were the result of Alain Viel and Robert Lue's work describing the processes to the team. Alain Viel is an associate director of undergraduate research at Harvard University. The film took 14 months to create for 8.5 minutes of animation. It was first seen by a wide audience at the 2006 SIGGRAPH conference in Boston. == References == == External links == "The Inner Life of the


id: phozon-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phozon-0.md
category: reference
title: Phozon
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phozon
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:22.576846+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: phozon-20260505-0
summary:
Phozon is a 1983 puzzle video game developed and published by Namco for arcades. It was only released in Japan in November 1983. It is notable for its chemistry-based gameplay. == Gameplay == The player takes control of the Chemic, a small black atom with red spikes that must adhere itself to passing Moleks (which come in four different colors: cyan, green, pink and yellow) in order to duplicate the patterns shown in the center of the screen; if a Molek adheres itself to the Chemic incorrectly, the player can press the button to disconnect the most recently connected Molek. A stage is completed by correctly replicating the Molek formation shown in the center of the screen. The yellow counter at the bottom shows how many Moleks are remaining, which decreases as more Moleks appear. If the bar empties and the player has not replicated the Molek formation, the round restarts from the beginning. The sole enemy in the game is the Atomic, a clump of balls that moves randomly around the screen and kills the Chemic on contact. From the second world on, the Chemic can counter-attack by adhering itself to a Power Molek. Once the Chemic has adhered


id: code-of-a-killer-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_a_Killer-0.md
category: reference
title: Code of a Killer
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_a_Killer
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:24.153872+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: code-of-a-killer-20260505-0
summary:
Code of a Killer is a three-part British police drama television series which tells the true story of Alec Jeffreys' discovery of DNA fingerprinting and its introductory use by Detective David Baker in catching the double murderer Colin Pitchfork. Filming commenced in late September 2014, and the program aired on the ITV network, on 6 and 13 April 2015. Endemol Shine handled international distribution of the series. == Plot == Set over a nearly four-year period from 1983 to 1987, DCS David Baker leads an investigation into the vicious murders of the two Leicestershire teenage schoolgirls, Lynda Mann and Dawn Ashworth. Meanwhile, Alec Jeffreys is an ambitious scientist who has recently discovered a remarkable method to read a person's DNA and, from it, generate a unique DNA fingerprint. Convinced one local person committed both crimes, Baker approaches Jeffreys to utilise his scientific technique to solve the murders. The first-ever DNA manhunt follows, involving the blood testing of many men — all in the aid of catching the killer. == Cast == == Production == === Development === Code of a Killer was commissioned by ITV's Director of Drama Steve November and Controller of Drama Victoria Fea on 16 May 2014.


id: cold-case-files-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Case_Files-0.md
category: reference
title: Cold Case Files
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Case_Files
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:25.436038+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cold-case-files-20260505-0
summary:
Cold Case Files is a reality legal show/documentary on the cable channel A&E Network and a rebooted series. It is hosted by Bill Kurtis and the original series produced by Tom Golden. The show documents the investigation of many long-unsolved murders (referred to as "cold cases" in detectives' parlance) through the use of modern forensic science (especially recent advances in DNA techniques), and criminal psychology, in addition to recent breakthroughs in the case(s) involving previously silent witnesses. On January 19, 2017, Blumhouse Television, AMPLE Entertainment and A&E revived the series for a ten-episode run. The well received reboot features highly cinematic recreations and music. The new episodes first began airing on February 27, 2017. Actor Danny Glover took over for Kurtis as narrator for this new 10-episode series. Kurtis later returned. On August 20, 2021, after a four-year hiatus, the series returned with a new season on A&E, again with Kurtis as the host. == Overview == According to A&E, the show has been widely praised by law enforcement agencies, and its investigative reports are commonly used in the training of detectives. Cold Case Files first aired as a sub-series of another A&E crime documentary program, Investigative Reports, also hosted


id: exhibit-a-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibit_A_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Exhibit A (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibit_A_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:26.651271+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: exhibit-a-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Exhibit A is a four-part English-language documentary TV-series that premiered on Netflix on June 28, 2019 created and directed by Kelly Loudenberg. It explores how forensic techniques, tools and evidence such as blood spatter, touch DNA, cadaver dogs and CCTV footage can be misinterpreted and manipulated to have potentially innocent people convicted. == Release == It was released on August 2, 2019 on Netflix streaming. == References == == External links == Exhibit A on Netflix Exhibit A at IMDb Exhibit A at Rotten Tomatoes


id: exhibit-a-secrets-of-forensic-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibit_A:_Secrets_of_Forensic_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Exhibit A: Secrets of Forensic Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibit_A:_Secrets_of_Forensic_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:27.870243+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: exhibit-a-secrets-of-forensic-science-20260505-0
summary:
Exhibit A: Secrets of Forensic Science was a Canadian television series highlighting the role of forensic science in solving crimes. == References == == External links == Exhibit A: Secrets of Forensic Science at IMDb


id: forensic-factor-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_Factor-0.md
category: reference
title: Forensic Factor
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_Factor
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:29.870580+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: forensic-factor-20260505-0
summary:
Forensic Factor is a Canadian true crime docuseries, which airs on Discovery Channel Canada, Sun TV, and the True Crime Network The series, which uses an anthology format, features forensic techniques and their application in crime-solving by examining notable cases. == Episodes == === Season 1 (2003) === === Season 2 (2004) === === Season 3 (2005) === === Season 4 (2007) === === Season 5 (2008–09) === === Season 6 (2010) === == Forensic Factor: A New Era == In 2023, Discovery Channel rebooted the series. The first season aired with 6 episodes. === Season 1 (2023) === === Season 2 (2025) === == References ==


id: the-new-detectives-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_Detectives-0.md
category: reference
title: The New Detectives
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_Detectives
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:31.183137+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-new-detectives-20260505-0
summary:
The New Detectives: Case Studies in Forensic Science (or simply The New Detectives, formally "Forensic Detectives") is a documentary true crime television show that aired two to three different cases in forensic science per episode from 1996 to 2004. Episode reruns currently air on the Discovery Channel, TLC, Investigation Discovery, Pluto TV, and True Crime Network. Before the series was canceled, the show also aired on The History Channel and Court TV in the United States and Canal D in Canada, as well as Botswana TV. The show was also carried by international markets where the series was shown on the Discovery Channel UK, Discovery Europe, the Crime & Investigation Network in Australia, Prime TV in New Zealand, TV Norge, TV Danmark, Kanal 5 in Sweden, and RTL in the Netherlands. In Brazil, the TV series was narrated by the Italian-Brazilian announcer and journalist Wilson Versolato. == Synopsis == The New Detectives centers on murders that are committed in North America and the forensics used to convict the murderers of their crimes. The New Detectives shows reenactments and dramatizations of events surrounding a murder. Real-file footage is shown on occasion. Unlike The FBI Files, a sister show, also produced by


id: nutshell-studies-of-unexplained-death-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutshell_Studies_of_Unexplained_Death-0.md
category: reference
title: Nutshell Studies of Unexplained Death
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutshell_Studies_of_Unexplained_Death
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:32.503624+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: nutshell-studies-of-unexplained-death-20260505-0
summary:
The Nutshell Studies of Unexplained Death are a series of twenty intricately designed dollhouse-style dioramas created by Frances Glessner Lee (1878–1962), a pioneer in forensic science. Glessner Lee used her inheritance to establish a department of legal medicine at Harvard Medical School in 1936, and donated the first of the Nutshell Studies in 1946 for use in lectures on the subject of crime scene investigation. In 1966, the department was dissolved, and the dioramas went to the Maryland Medical Examiner's Office in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. where they are on permanent loan and still used for forensic seminars. The dioramas are detailed representations of death scenes that are composites of actual court cases, created by Glessner Lee on a 1-inch to 1 foot (1:12) scale. Originally twenty in number, each model cost about US$3,000–4,500 to create. She attended autopsies to ensure accuracy, and her attention to detail extended to having a wall calendar include the pages after the month of the incident, constructing openable windows, and wearing out-of-date clothing to obtain realistically worn fabric. The dioramas show tawdry and, in many cases, disheveled living spaces very different from Glessner Lee's own background. The dead include sex workers and victims of domestic


id: a-nightmare-on-elm-street-the-dream-dealers-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Nightmare_on_Elm_Street:_The_Dream_Dealers-0.md
category: reference
title: A Nightmare on Elm Street: The Dream Dealers
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Nightmare_on_Elm_Street:_The_Dream_Dealers
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:37.768333+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: a-nightmare-on-elm-street-the-dream-dealers-20260505-0
summary:
A Nightmare on Elm Street: The Dream Dealers is a 2006 British science fiction horror novel written by Jeffrey Thomas and published by Black Flame. A tie-in to the Nightmare on Elm Street series of American horror films, it is the fifth and final installment in a series of five Nightmare on Elm Street novels published by Black Flame and is set in a future where technological advancement has allowed for the recording and reliving of dreams, attracting the attention of supernatural killer Freddy Krueger. == Plot == In the near future, where dreams and memories can be recorded and relived with Saxon Systems' TranceBoxes, the government has contracted the Springwood, Ohio, branch of Macrocosm Research to study the digitized brains of local murder victims, all of whom had strange tumors in the parts of their brains associated with dreaming; unbeknownst to the Macrocosm researchers, the victims were killed by Freddy Krueger, a serial child rapist and killer who, after being burned to death by angry parents, now haunts the Dream World. Freddy, long dormant due to a lack of fear from Springwood's populace to feed on, is revitalized by his old victims' nightmares being studied and begins terrorizing the


id: final-theory-novel-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Theory_(novel)-0.md
category: reference
title: Final Theory (novel)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Theory_(novel)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:39.682368+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: final-theory-novel-20260505-0
summary:
Final Theory is a 2008 techno-thriller novel written by Scientific American contributing editor Mark Alpert and published by Touchstone Books. The novel fictitiously posits that Albert Einstein actually achieved his life's ambition of discovering a unified field theory. If he had been successful in developing this theory, it would have large consequences for the world, including the development of a weapon of mass destruction. Final Theory is Alpert's debut novel. == Plot == The narrative begins with a brutal attack on the aged theoretical physicist Hans Walther Kleinman. Kleinman is rushed to the hospital and summons his former student David Swift, now a professor at Columbia University. Just before dying, Kleinman pulls Swift close and wheezes two words in German: "Einheitliche Feldtheorie" and a sequence of numbers. It is revealed that the German phrase refers to the unified field theory developed by Einstein during his later years. Swift is intimidated by Lucille Parker, a sixtyish FBI Agent who is also after the theory. Swift meets with his old friend Monique Reynolds, a string theorist at Princeton University. Swift learns of the deaths of two close students of Einstein. The sequence of numbers points to The Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon


id: minutephysics-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinutePhysics-0.md
category: reference
title: MinutePhysics
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinutePhysics
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:40.862253+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: minutephysics-20260505-0
summary:
MinutePhysics is an educational YouTube channel created by Henry Reich in 2011. The channel's videos use whiteboard animation to explain physics-related topics. Early videos on the channel were approximately one minute long. As of January 2026, the channel has over 5.94 million subscribers. == Background and video content == MinutePhysics was created by Henry Reich in 2011. Reich attended Grinnell College, where he studied mathematics and physics. He then attended the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, where he earned his master's degree in theoretical physics from the institute's Perimeter Scholars International program. The video content on MinutePhysics deals with concepts in physics. Examples of videos Reich has uploaded onto the channel include one dealing with the concept of "touch" in regards to electromagnetism. Another deals with the concept of dark matter. The most viewed MinutePhysics video, with more than 20 million views, discusses whether it is more suitable to walk or to run when trying to avoid rain. Reich also has uploaded a series of three videos explaining the Higgs Boson. In March 2020, Reich produced a video that explained exponential projection of statistics as data is being collected, using the evolving record related to COVID-19 data. === Collaborations ===


id: 3-2-1-contact-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-2-1_Contact-0.md
category: reference
title: 3-2-1 Contact
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-2-1_Contact
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:43.926113+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 3-2-1-contact-20260505-0
summary:
3-2-1 Contact is an American science educational television show produced by the Children's Television Workshop (CTW, now known as Sesame Workshop). It aired on PBS from 1980 to 1988 and later ran on Noggin (a joint venture between the CTW and Nickelodeon) from 1999 to 2003. The show teaches scientific principles and their applications. Edward G. Atkins, who was responsible for much of the scientific content of the show, felt that the TV program would not replace a classroom but would encourage viewers to ask questions about the scientific purpose of things. == History == === Initial conception === 3-2-1 Contact was the brainchild of Samuel Y. Gibbon Jr., who had been the executive producer of the original The Electric Company for the CTW from 1971 to 1977. (Gibbon had left the CTW before Contact's production officially began, though he was still credited as "Senior Consultant".) The show was based on the original concept of The Curiosity Show, an Australian science-based children's educational TV show that had been running since 1972. That program was hosted by Australian scientists Rob Morrison and Deane Hutton, who were consultants to The Children's Television Workshop in the early planning stages of what became 3-2-1


id: 3-2-1-contact-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-2-1_Contact-1.md
category: reference
title: 3-2-1 Contact
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-2-1_Contact
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:43.926113+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 3-2-1-contact-20260505-0
summary:
== Magazine == Three months before the show premiered, a print magazine of the same name that also focused on science was released. In 1985, the magazine absorbed some of the content of sibling publication Enter (which went out of print that same year), including reader submissions of computer programs written in the BASIC computer language as well as reviews of popular computer programs. The Enter section also contained a new feature called "The Slipped Disk Show", in which a fictional disc jockey answered computer-related questions submitted by readers. In 1987, the magazine began featuring content from another CTW production, Square One Television. Such content frequently took the form of a two-page comic strip, often parodying a popular show or movie of the time, with a math-related question at the end. The Bloodhound Gang mysteries also made the leap to the magazine, but they were subsequently replaced with a series entitled The Time Team in September 1990. These stories found teenage characters Sean Nolan and Jenny Lopez traveling to different time periods in the past and future. Their surroundings and personal encounters were described with great detail, educating readers as to the customs of various cultures throughout history, and –


id: adventure-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventure_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Adventure (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventure_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:45.181709+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: adventure-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Adventure is a documentary television series that aired on CBS beginning in 1953. The series was produced in collaboration with the American Museum of Natural History and hosted by Charles Collingwood. The program consisted of interviews with scientists and academicians and films of anthropological expeditions. Individuals appearing in interviews included historian Bernard DeVoto, biologist Alexander Fleming, and adventurer Sasha Siemel. Marcel LaFollette has written, "Production approaches that are now standard practice on NOVA and the Discovery Channel derive, in fact, from experimentation by television pioneers like Lynn Poole and Don Herbert and such programs as Adventure, Zoo Parade, Science in Action, and the Bell Telephone System's science specials. These early efforts were also influenced by television's love of the dramatic, refined during its first decade and continuing to shape news and public affairs programming, as well as fiction and fantasy, today." LaFollette included the program in her 2008 overview of early broadcasting devoted to science popularization. == Broadcast history == The show began its run on May 10, 1953 and was broadcast on late Sunday afternoon. It switched to early Sunday evening (6:00 pm to 7:00 pm) on June 28, 1953. In October 1953, it returned to Sunday afternoon and


id: astronarium-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronarium-0.md
category: reference
title: Astronarium
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronarium
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:46.450090+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: astronarium-20260505-0
summary:
Astronarium is a Polish documentary and popular science television series about astronomy and space research. The program is produced by the Polish Television and Polish Astronomical Society, with support from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. The series premiered on March 2, 2015 on the TVP Regionalna channel (now the name of this channel is TVP 3). It has been broadcast on various channels in Poland and abroad, including TVP 1, TVP 3, TVP Polonia. The episodes are also available on the internet as a VOD, some of them with English subtitles. The cumulative audience in Poland during the first week of emission of an episode is on the level of 500,000 viewers (RCH parameter). The first season of 8 episodes was first broadcast from March to April 2015, the second season of 13 episodes from September 2015 to March 2016, the third season of 13 episodes started in April 2016. Format of the series is about visiting science institutes and astronomical observatories, where scientists involved in research are explaining various topics about astronomy and space research. The series uses also CGI renderings, video footage, photographs. Each episode is about a particular topic. Astronarium is also available at


id: backyard-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backyard_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Backyard Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backyard_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:47.685060+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: backyard-science-20260505-0
summary:
Backyard Science is an Australian educational children's television show based on the Dorling Kindersley book of the same name that aired from 28 August 2003 until 2007. The series was originally commissioned by Super RTL and TVOntario, and had 78 episodes produced in three seasons. Some airings split this into 156 15-minute episodes. In this series, children experiment with everyday items in order to make something fun and practical and also provide scientific insights in a child's world. == International distribution == The show is broadcast in overseas markets including: Serbia (Nauka iz dvorišta) Ultra Canada (TVOKids) Croatia (Mali znanstvenici) RTL Kockica Czech Republic (Věda je zábava) Germany (WOW – Die Entdeckerzone) Hungary (Da Vinci Learning) Indonesia (Spacetoon) India (Disney India, Hungama TV and National Geographic Channel) Israel (LOGI Channel, Titled as "Mitahat La'af" – מתחת לאף) Italy (K2) Latin America (Boomerang) Malaysia (Astro TVIQ) Pakistan (PTV) Poland (Da Vinci Learning) Romania (Da Vinci Learning) Russia (Da Vinci Learning) Turkey (Da Vinci Learning and Yumurcak TV) UAE (e-Junior) UK (Toonami and POP!) have carried the English-language episodes; a Scots Gàidhlig version, Saidheans Sporsail, hosted by Allen MacDonald and Kerry Anne MacLeod, airs on BBC Alba. USA (Discovery Kids, under the


id: bang-goes-the-theory-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang_Goes_the_Theory-0.md
category: reference
title: Bang Goes the Theory
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang_Goes_the_Theory
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:48.991278+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bang-goes-the-theory-20260505-0
summary:
Bang Goes the Theory or Bang is a British television science magazine series, co-produced by the BBC and the Open University, that began on 27 July 2009 and ended on 5 May 2014 on BBC One. Originally presented by Liz Bonnin, Jem Stansfield, Dallas Campbell and Yan Wong, the show employed a hands-on approach to test scientific theory and demonstrate how science shapes our world. From series seven, Maggie Philbin replaced Dallas Campbell as a main presenter and Yan Wong no longer appeared and the programme was subsequently cancelled after just two more seasons. == Production == === Creation === The co-production between the BBC and the Open University was announced in June 2009 and was commissioned by Jay Hunt, controller of BBC One, for ten 30 minute episodes. It promises to "put scientific theory to the test" and examine "how science shapes the world around us". During the announcement, Hunt stated that the series "brings popular science back to the very heart of BBC One", referring to the long-running BBC series Tomorrow's World, which ran from 1965 to 2003 and was cancelled following falling ratings. Comparing Bang Goes the Theory to Tomorrow's World, series editor Dermot Caulfield said, Rather


id: bang-goes-the-theory-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang_Goes_the_Theory-1.md
category: reference
title: Bang Goes the Theory
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang_Goes_the_Theory
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:48.991278+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bang-goes-the-theory-20260505-0
summary:
=== Series 3 === The third series consisted of six episodes, starting on 8 September 2010. It was also broadcast on BBC HD. === Series 4 === The fourth series commenced with an hour-long special, starting on 10 March 2011. It was also broadcast on BBC HD, and also with the slogan "Revealing your world with a bang" until Series 5. The slogan "Revealing your world through science" was used on Japan Earthquake special episode. === Series 5 === The fifth series began airing on 15 August 2011 on BBC One and in HD on BBC One HD. === Series 6 === The sixth series began airing on 12 March 2012 on BBC One and in HD on BBC One HD, in England and Scotland. It is shown a day later, on BBC Two in Northern Ireland and Wales. === Series 7 === The seventh series began airing on 4 March 2013 on BBC One and in HD on BBC One HD, in England, at the same time but on BBC Two in Scotland, and a day later on BBC Two in Northern Ireland and Wales. === Series 8 === The eighth and final series began airing on 10 March


id: beakman-s-world-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beakman's_World-0.md
category: reference
title: Beakman's World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beakman's_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:50.252424+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beakman-s-world-20260505-0
summary:
Beakman's World is an American educational children's television program. The program is based on the Universal Press Syndicate syndicated comic strip You Can with Beakman and Jax created by Jok Church. The series premiered on Wednesday, September 16, 1992, on TLC, and three days later on September 19, began a concurrent run in weekly syndication on 220 television stations across the United States through an agreement with Columbia Pictures Television Distribution (whose indirect successor, Sony Pictures Television, currently maintains domestic and international distribution rights to the series). On September 18, 1993, it moved from national syndication to CBS's Saturday morning children's lineup. At the peak of its popularity, it was seen in nearly ninety countries around the world. The series was canceled in 1997. Reruns returned to national syndication in September 2006, after which it was transferred to local stations such as KICU. The program's host, Paul Zaloom, still performs as Beakman in live appearances around the globe. == Summary == The program starred Paul Zaloom as Beakman, an eccentric scientist who performed comical experiments and demonstrations in response to viewer mail to illustrate various scientific concepts from density to electricity to flatulence. When his experiments were successful, he would


id: beakman-s-world-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beakman's_World-1.md
category: reference
title: Beakman's World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beakman's_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:50.252424+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beakman-s-world-20260505-0
summary:
== Home media == On September 7, 2004, a DVD entitled The Best of Beakman's World was released. This DVD is a direct transfer of the VHS tape of the same name, and features only experiments and segments taken from The Beakman Challenge. There have yet to be any full-episode releases on DVD. All 4 seasons were available on Netflix with the exception of the following five episodes: 9 (1-9), 24 (1-24), 31 (2-5), 51 (2-25) and 66 (4-1), as noted in the chart above. Their streaming license ended on September 30, 2014, and the content was removed from their site. Beakman's World returned to television on MeTV beginning on October 2, 2016, showing two episodes every Sunday. == Awards == Beakman's World was nominated for and won numerous awards: Excellence in Media's Silver Angel Award (1993) International Monitor Award for Outstanding Audio Post Production (1993) Television Critics Association nomination for Outstanding Children's Program (1993) Ollie Award - American Center for Children's Television (1993) Parent's Choice Award for Outstanding Accomplishment in Children's Programming (1993) Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Live and Tape Sound Mixing and Sound Effects (1993–1994) CableACE Award for Best Children's Programming 7+ older (1994) International


id: beyond-tomorrow-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Tomorrow_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Beyond Tomorrow (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Tomorrow_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:51.584798+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beyond-tomorrow-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Beyond Tomorrow is an Australian science and technology television series produced by Beyond Television Productions. It began airing in 1981 as Towards 2000, then in 1985 was renamed Beyond 2000, a name the show kept until its cancellation in 1999. It then started airing again in 2005 with the name Beyond Tomorrow. == Towards 2000 and Beyond 2000 == Towards 2000 debuted on the ABC in 1981 as a half-hour show dedicated to showcasing developments and inventions in science and technology. Original presenters were Jeffrey Watson, Sonia Humphrey and David Flatman. There were four series of the program (1981, 82, 83 and 84) and it was a popular and high rating success on the national broadcaster. After production finished on the 4th series, the ABC decided not to continue with Towards 2000, and instead started up a new science program, named Quantum, under the newly appointed Dick Gilling from BBCTV. The Towards 2000 reporters then spoke with Ted Thomas, General Manager of ATN 7, who agreed that his network could start a new hour long production and name it Beyond 2000, airing until 1993 when it was picked up by Network Ten, airing until 1999. Beyond 2000 was also broadcast


id: beyond-tomorrow-tv-series-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Tomorrow_(TV_series)-1.md
category: reference
title: Beyond Tomorrow (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Tomorrow_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:51.584798+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beyond-tomorrow-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
== International == In the United States, episodes of the series aired on the Fox network, under the Beyond Tomorrow name, from 1988 until 1990. The show was produced by Beyond International Group. From 1992 until its cancellation, the Discovery Channel aired Beyond 2000 with all of the episodes and segment introductions (along with new material) hosted by KRON-TV news anchor Henry Tenenbaum. In Sweden, a version called Bortom 2000 was hosted by nature photographer Bo Landin on TV4 in the early 1990s. (The series was short lived, however.) In Finland, a version called 2000 Nyt! was presented in 1994 on the MTV3 channel. In Italy, Beyond 2000 aired from 1988 to the early '90s on syndication network Odeon TV. In Malaysia, Beyond 2000 previously aired in the late 1980s through the early 1990s on RTM 1 (Later RTM TV1). Beyond Tomorrow would not be aired on the channel, but was eventually aired on the Discovery Channel (Southeast Asia) in the mid-2000s. In Indonesia, Beyond 2000 was aired on RCTI every Saturday morning in the early 1990s. In South Africa, Beyond 2000 was screened on SABC, M-Net and Bop TV. In Ireland, Beyond 2000 aired on RTÉ being shown on


id: the-big-bang-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Big_Bang_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Big Bang (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Big_Bang_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:52.764735+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-big-bang-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The Big Bang is a CITV science show broadcast from 15 April 1996 – 8 September 2004 and produced by Yorkshire Television. It is notable for being one of CITV's longest-running science programmes. The aim of the programme was to make science fun and interesting for children. == History == Starting in 1996, The Big Bang was originally presented by Gareth Jones and Kate Bellingham. Kate Bellingham left after the second series to care for her new child. Gareth Jones's long-time friend and then partner Violet Berlin was her replacement for the third series in 1998. The show essentially stayed the same before a new logo and set design was introduced for the fifth and sixth series in 2000 and 2001. Both Gareth and Violet left the show after the sixth series as they were, as said by ITV at the time, "concentrating on running their own company [WhizzBang] and looking after baby Indigo". However, Gareth Jones later revealed on his website that they left because "when we were asked to do the 2002 series it looked like many of the people who usually make the programme with us wouldn't be doing it any more. There were lots of changes


id: bill-nye-saves-the-world-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_Saves_the_World-0.md
category: reference
title: Bill Nye Saves the World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_Saves_the_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:53.963499+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bill-nye-saves-the-world-20260505-0
summary:
Bill Nye Saves the World is an American television show streaming on Netflix hosted and created by Bill Nye. It is both a sequel and a revival of sorts of Bill Nye the Science Guy, which is also created by Nye. The show's byline was, "Emmy-winning host Bill Nye brings experts and famous guests to his lab for a talk show exploring scientific issues that touch our lives", with the series' focus placed on science and its relationship with politics, pop culture, and society. Unlike Nye's previous show Bill Nye the Science Guy (which is revived in this show) which was intended for children, Bill Nye Saves the World is intended for adults (especially those adults who watched Bill Nye the Science Guy when they were children during its original run in the 1990s). As such, some episodes have Nye discuss topics that would be considered inappropriate to mention to minors. Though the show was hosted by Nye, five correspondents assist in the presentation of the show. These include fashion model Karlie Kloss, science YouTuber and educator Derek Muller, comedian Nazeem Hussain, comedian and writer Joanna Hausmann, and the TV host and producer Emily Calandrelli. The show's theme song was


id: bill-nye-the-science-guy-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_the_Science_Guy-0.md
category: reference
title: Bill Nye the Science Guy
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_the_Science_Guy
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:55.230353+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bill-nye-the-science-guy-20260505-0
summary:
Bill Nye the Science Guy is an American science education television program created by Bill Nye, James McKenna, and Erren Gottlieb, with Nye starring as a fictionalized version of himself. It was produced by Seattle public television station KCTS and McKenna/Gottlieb Producers, and distributed by Buena Vista Television with substantial financing from the National Science Foundation. The show aired in syndication from September 10, 1993, to February 5, 1999, producing a total of six seasons and 100 episodes; beginning with its second season, a concurrent run of the series began airing on PBS from October 10, 1994, and ran until September 3, 1999, as it continued to be distributed in commercial first-run syndication. After the show's first run was completed, Nye continued to portray the Science Guy character for a number of short interstitial segments for the Noggin cable channel that aired during reruns of the show. A video game based on the series was released in 1996, and a subsequent television show aimed at adults, Bill Nye Saves the World, ran from 2017 to 2018 on Netflix. Known for its quirky humor and rapid-fire MTV-style pacing, the show was critically acclaimed and was nominated for 23 Emmy Awards, winning


id: bill-nye-the-science-guy-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_the_Science_Guy-1.md
category: reference
title: Bill Nye the Science Guy
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_the_Science_Guy
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:55.230353+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bill-nye-the-science-guy-20260505-0
summary:
Bill Nye was originally an engineer for the 747 airliner at Boeing, having moved to Seattle in 1977 after he was accepted for the position. Nye began to perform stand-up comedy in his spare time after he entered and won a Steve Martin lookalike contest at a comedy club, which led to him meeting fellow comedians Ross Shafer and John Keister. Nye eventually left Boeing in 1985 to join Shafer and Keister in writing and performing for Almost Live!, a then-fledgling sketch comedy television show produced by local NBC affiliate KING-TV. During his tenure on the show, Nye began cultivating a science-explaining TV persona; the first instance of the persona occurred in 1985 when Nye called Shafer on-air to correct his pronunciation of the word "gigawatt", to which Shafer retorted, "Who do you think you are – Bill Nye the Science Guy?" As a result, Nye was subsequently asked to give scientific answers to the show's call-in questions. His persona's first on-air appearance, as it is contemporarily known, occurred on January 8, 1987, by circumstance when the primary guest for that night's performance of Almost Live! called in to cancel their appearance; with no backup guest planned to fill the


id: bill-nye-the-science-guy-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_the_Science_Guy-2.md
category: reference
title: Bill Nye the Science Guy
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Nye_the_Science_Guy
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:55.230353+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bill-nye-the-science-guy-20260505-0
summary:
=== Production === The show was created in 1992 by Bill Nye, James McKenna and Erren Gottlieb, produced by McKenna/Gottlieb Producers, Inc, in partnership with KCTS in Seattle. The following year, the production companies entered a distribution agreement with Buena Vista Television, a subsidiary of Disney. As part of the agreement, the profits of the show were split between Disney and the production team, with Disney owning full distribution rights across linear television, home video, and digital streaming. McKenna and Gottlieb all met while McKenna was a producer on Almost Live!, a Seattle-based comedy show. The announcer for the program was Pat Cashman, whom Nye knew from his time on Almost Live!. Before his show launched, Nye had previously worked alongside Christopher Lloyd in Back to the Future: The Animated Series, where he played Doc Brown's assistant and demonstrated several experiments. The show has been likened to the next-generation version of Watch Mr. Wizard. The show ran about the same time as and covered similar topics to Beakman's World, in fact sharing one crew member, editor/writer/director Michael Gross. The show was primarily funded by the National Science Foundation, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and the annual financial support from the


id: boffins-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boffins_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Boffins (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boffins_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:56.472619+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: boffins-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Boffins (also referred to as The Boffins) is an Australian children's television programme produced by Film Australia in 1993. It was created by John Patterson and Ian Munro, who also co-created Johnson and Friends. The series was never broadcast or picked up by a network within Australia. The ABC initially wanted to show it as part of their schools programming, but this never happened for unknown reasons. The series did air internationally and was translated into several languages, and within Australia, it was later released on home video by the ABC in 1995. == Plot == Boffins follows the adventures of four tiny furry alien-like creatures known as Boffins, who spend their days in kitchen cupboards and surrounding areas, trying to discover the science behind how the world works, Madame Curie and Aristotle are very close to some of the answers, but Newton and Echo, the young boffins from the house next door are only interested in having fun! The series was designed to introduce primary school children to some of the basic laws of science. Each episode explores a different concept; the transmission of sound, levers, pulleys, magnetism, gravity, siphons, evaporation, reflection and dispersion of light, friction, and requirements


id: brain-games-2011-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_Games_(2011_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Brain Games (2011 TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_Games_(2011_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:57.706514+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: brain-games-2011-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Brain Games is an American popular science television series that explores cognitive science by focusing on illusions, psychological experiments, and counterintuitive thinking. The series debuted on National Geographic in 2011 as a special. Its return as an original series in 2013 set a record for the highest premiere rating for any National Geographic original series with 1.5 million viewers. Neil Patrick Harris was the unseen narrator in the first season, replaced by Jason Silva for the remainder of the series as its host and presenter; in addition, sleight-of-hand artist Apollo Robbins has been a frequent consultant and illusionist guest on the show. As time passed, Magician Eric Leclerc took over this role in seasons 4 and 5. The show is interactive, encouraging television viewers, often along with a handful of live volunteers, to engage in visual, auditory, and other cognitive experiments, or "brain games", that emphasize the main points presented in each episode. Experts like Sri Sarma also explain why humans react in a certain way because of the brain. The series is deemed acceptable for use toward E/I credits, and Litton Entertainment added repurposed reruns of the show to its syndicated Go Time block in fall 2016, and The


id: the-brain-with-david-eagleman-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Brain_with_David_Eagleman-0.md
category: reference
title: The Brain with David Eagleman
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Brain_with_David_Eagleman
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:44:58.889945+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-brain-with-david-eagleman-20260505-0
summary:
The Brain with David Eagleman is a PBS documentary series created and presented by neuroscientist Dr. David Eagleman. Eagleman explores the wonders of the human brain with the goal of revealing why we feel and think the things we do. The series debuted on PBS in 2015, followed by airings on the BBC in the United Kingdom and the SBS in Australia. == Episode list == The series consists of six 1-hour episodes: == Book == Eagleman's book to accompany the series, The Brain: The Story of You, was co-published by Pantheon Books (US) and Canongate Books (UK). == Reception == The series and accompanying book garnered wide critical acclaim. The New York Times listed it as one of the best television shows of 2015. Forbes magazine wrote that "in the fine tradition of Carl Sagan, Eagleman shows that science is captivating without hyped embellishment, and, if you pay attention, you'll find yourself immersed in it". The scientific journal Nature described the series as "an ideal introduction to how biology generates the mind... structured around crucial and wide-ranging questions, saturated with personal and social relevance. And Eagleman's answers are consistently clear, engaging and thought-provoking." Actor Hugh Laurie described the series


id: brainiac-science-abuse-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainiac:_Science_Abuse-0.md
category: reference
title: Brainiac: Science Abuse
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainiac:_Science_Abuse
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:00.059950+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: brainiac-science-abuse-20260505-0
summary:
Brainiac: Science Abuse (often shortened to simply Brainiac) is a British entertainment documentary show that aired on Sky One from 13 November 2003 to 30 March 2008. It was created by Executive Producer Stewart Morris and Andy Milligan. During each episode of the show, numerous experiments are carried out to verify whether common conceptions are true (such as whether it is possible to run across a pool of custard) or simply to create impressive explosions. The experimenters on the show are referred to as "Brainiacs", and each episode usually finishes with the destruction of a caravan. The original presenters were Richard Hammond and Jon Tickle, who were joined in the second series by Charlotte Hudson. Hammond, alongside the original production team, left after the fourth season and was replaced by Vic Reeves, and Hudson left after the fifth and was replaced by Thaila Zucchi. On 28 July 2008 Sky cancelled the show saying it had been taken as far as it could go. == History == === Series 1 (2003) === Series 1 featured a wide variety of experiments including testing to see whether a mobile phone would ignite petrol vapours, walking on custard and testing the effects of electric


id: brainiac-science-abuse-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainiac:_Science_Abuse-1.md
category: reference
title: Brainiac: Science Abuse
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainiac:_Science_Abuse
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:00.059950+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: brainiac-science-abuse-20260505-0
summary:
=== Series 6 (2008) === Series 6 saw the return of Vic Reeves as host and Jon Tickle as co-host. Thaila Zucchi replaced Hudson as the third co-host and made her debut on the series in two items: "How Hard is Your Thing?" in which she tests the hardness of different objects using thermite and a ton of bricks dropped from a crane, and "Shocking Acts" in which she finds out whether variety acts can still perform while receiving electric shocks. Other new segments included "Gas Bang Wallop" featuring a character called Barry Bernard who destroys things with gas, "Chemistry Deathmatch" in which regular characters Dr Bunhead and Professor John Kilcoyne go head-to-head to produce the best experiments, "Custard Dreams" which follows the adventures of a Brainiac who discovers he can walk on custard, and "Stars in Their Caravans" which sees a variety of UK celebrities trapped in caravans, in a mock game show which results in large explosions. Competitors Gail Porter Frank Bruno Paul Daniels Debbie McGee Jayne Middlemiss Wozza Thompson (Antony Worrall Thompson) Tony Blackburn WAGs Danielle Lloyd Abi Titmuss Keeley Hazell == Forged results == At least one faked result has surfaced: the alkali metal experiments. The


id: building-giants-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Giants_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Building Giants (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Giants_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:01.374584+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: building-giants-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Building Giants is a British documentary television series covering the design and construction of large structures, including stadiums, tunnels, bridges, cruise ships, and other giant engineering feats that premiered in early 2018. == Broadcast History == The show first aired on the Science Channel in the U.S. on January 4, 2018 with the "World's Greatest Stadium" episode that shows the Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta. Discovery Networks reported that along with Mega Machines, the series pushed Thursday ratings up 32% over January 2017. The series premiered on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom (the show's production country), starting on April 16, 2018 beginning with the "World's Strongest Wall" episode that features the MOSE in Venice, Italy. On August 5, 2019, it was announced that the second season will premiere on August 7, 2019. On May 4, 2020, it was announced that the third season will premiere on May 6, 2020. The first season of the series is currently available for streaming online on ITV Studios' YouTube channel Blueprint, as well as Amazon Prime Video, FilmRise (who holds the AVOD streaming rights to ITV Studios shows that Shout! Studios does not distribute in North America), The Roku Channel and Tubi, while the


id: c-est-pas-sorcier-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C'est_pas_sorcier-0.md
category: reference
title: C'est pas sorcier
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C'est_pas_sorcier
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:02.534113+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: c-est-pas-sorcier-20260505-0
summary:
C'est pas sorcier (literally It's Not Sorcery, French for "it's not rocket science") is a popular French live-action, science education television program that originally aired from September 19, 1993, to February 1, 2014. In total, 559 episodes were produced. This program was popular culture, with an audience share of over 30% in France. The episodes continued to be rebroadcast, until at least 2021. Dubbed or subtitled, the program is or has been broadcast in many countries, in Europe (Italy, Finland, Greece via Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi, Poland via Da Vinci Learning, and Portugal), in Asia (Cambodia, China, South Korea, Japan, Laos, Lebanon, Mongolia, Turkey, and Vietnam), in Africa (Morocco on the channel 2M, Tunisia via Tunisian television 2, Algeria via Canal Algérie and Berbère Télévision, and Mauritius by the national broadcaster), and in the United States on the streaming service France Channel (under the name The Whizz Report). In 2015, a new show, l'Esprit Sorcier hosted by Frédéric Courant began airing online, presenting itself as a successor to C'est pas sorcier. == The presenters == In the show, "Sabine" (Sabine Quindou) and "Fred" (Frédéric Courant) work together in the field. They travel around the world, interviewing specialists, and asking questions to


id: cells-at-work-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!-0.md
category: reference
title: Cells at Work!
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:03.855473+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cells-at-work-20260505-0
summary:
Cells at Work! (Japanese: はたらく細胞, Hepburn: Hataraku Saibō) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Akane Shimizu. It features the anthropomorphized cells of a human body, with the two main protagonists being a red blood cell and a white blood cell she frequently encounters. It was serialized in Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sirius from January 2015 to January 2021. It is licensed in North America by Kodansha USA. The series has been adapted into an anime television series by David Production, with two seasons broadcast from July 2018 to February 2021, totaling 21 episodes. A theatrical anime titled "Hataraku Saibō!!" Saikyō no Teki, Futatabi. Karada no Naka wa "Chō" Ōsawagi! premiered in September 2020. The series has also spawned several spin-off manga series, including Cells at Work! Code Black, published from 2018 to 2021 and adapted into an anime television series. == Plot == The story takes place inside the body of an adult human, where trillions of anthropomorphic cells each do their job to keep the body healthy. The series largely focuses on two such cells; a rookie red blood cell, AE3803, who often gets lost during deliveries, and a relentless white blood cell, U-1146,


id: cells-at-work-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!-1.md
category: reference
title: Cells at Work!
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:03.855473+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cells-at-work-20260505-0
summary:
== Characters == Erythrocyte / Red Blood Cell (AE3803) (赤血球, Sekkekkyū) Voiced by: Kana Hanazawa (Japanese); Cherami Leigh (English) Portrayed by: Mei Nagano A red blood cell who has just started her job, delivering oxygen, carbon dioxide and different nutrients all over the body. She meets Neutrophil when he saves her from an attacking pneumococcus bacterium. She is clumsy and gets lost often, but is determined to perform to the best of her ability. It is later revealed that she had encountered Neutrophil when they were younger, after he saved her from a bacterium. Neutrophil (好中球, Kōchūkyū) / White Blood Cell (U-1146) (白血球, Hakkekkyū) Voiced by: Tomoaki Maeno (Japanese); Billy Kametz (English) Portrayed by: Takeru Satoh A type of white blood cell, whose job is to kill pathogens infecting the body. Despite his violent and ruthless occupation, he is quite soft-spoken and gentle. When he was still in school as a young cell, he saved AE3803 from a bacterium after she got lost in a training exercise. Killer T Cell (キラーT細胞, Kirā Tī Saibō) Voiced by: Daisuke Ono (Japanese); Robbie Daymond (English) Portrayed by: Koji Yamamoto A type of white blood cell that recognizes and kills various foreign matter and


id: cells-at-work-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!-2.md
category: reference
title: Cells at Work!
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:03.855473+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cells-at-work-20260505-0
summary:
She has a smug demeanor, is somewhat condescending towards other cells and her relationship with Killer T Cell is akin to that of an intense sibling rivalry. Cancer Cell (がん細胞, Gan Saibō) Voiced by: Akira Ishida (Japanese); Khoi Dao (English) Portrayed by: Fukase An antagonistic cell bent on creating a world where cells no longer have to kill each other, even if it means risking the life of the body. Normal Cell / Cell Boy (正常細胞, Seijō Saibō) Voiced by: Yūsuke Kobayashi (Japanese); Bryce Papenbrook (English) Normal Cell is a minor character who plays a major role in season 2. Normal Cell is a soft-hearted troublemaker. He finds his job of copying himself boring hence he began to venture outside of his apartment to explore or mess around. Despite not being able to do anything, he has a strong will to protect someone that is precious to him (Lactic Acid Bacteria). According to AE3803, he lives by the pharynx, which happens to be an area that contains lymph nodes.


id: cells-at-work-20260505-3
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!-3.md
category: reference
title: Cells at Work!
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:03.855473+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cells-at-work-20260505-0
summary:
== Media == === Manga === Written and illustrated by Akane Shimizu, Cells at Work! was serialized in Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sirius from January 26, 2015, to January 26, 2021. Kodansha collected its chapters in six tankōbon volumes, released from July 9, 2015, to February 9, 2021. Kodansha USA announced that it had licensed Cells at Work! in North America on March 21, 2016. ==== Spin-offs ==== The series has spawned several spin-offs published across various Kodansha's manga magazines and digital platforms: Cells at Work!: Bacteria! (はたらく細菌) by Haruyuki Yoshida. The series follows the lives of good and bad bacteria in the intestines. It was serialized in the shōjo manga magazine Nakayoshi from April 3, 2017, to July 3, 2020. It was followed by Cells at Work! Neo Bacteria (はたらく細菌Neo), serialized in Nakayoshi and on the Palcy manga app from December 28, 2020, to February 22, 2021, with a single volume released on the latter date. Cells NOT at Work! (はたらかない細胞) by Moe Sugimoto. It follows immature red blood cells (erythroblasts) that do not want to work. It was serialized in Monthly Shōnen Sirius from July 26, 2017, to November 26, 2021. Cells at Work! Code Black


id: cells-at-work-20260505-4
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!-4.md
category: reference
title: Cells at Work!
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:03.855473+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cells-at-work-20260505-0
summary:
An anime television series adaptation was announced in January 2018. It is directed by Kenichi Suzuki and animated by David Production, with scripts written by Suzuki and Yūko Kakihara, and character designs by Takahiko Yoshida. The series' music is composed by Kenichiro Suehiro and Mayuko. The anime series premiered on July 8, 2018, on Tokyo MX and other channels. The series ran for 13 episodes. Aniplex of America licensed the series in North America and simulcast it on Crunchyroll. Madman Entertainment simulcasted Australia and New Zealand on AnimeLab, while Muse Communication licensed the series in Southeast Asia and South Asia, and simulcasted it on Animax Asia. MVM Entertainment acquired the series for distribution in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The opening theme is "Mission! Health Comes First" (ミッション！ 健・康・第・イチ, Mission! Ken - Kō - Dai - Ichi) by Red Blood Cell (Kana Hanazawa / Cherami Leigh), White Blood Cell (Tomoaki Maeno / Billy Kametz), Killer T Cell (Daisuke Ono / Robbie Daymond), and Macrophage (Kikuko Inoue / Laura Post), while the ending theme is "CheerS" by ClariS. A special episode premiered on December 27, 2018. Aniplex of America released the English dub on August 27, 2019. On March 23, 2019,


id: cells-at-work-code-black-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!_Code_Black-0.md
category: reference
title: Cells at Work! Code Black
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cells_at_Work!_Code_Black
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:05.032535+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cells-at-work-code-black-20260505-0
summary:
Cells at Work! Code Black (Japanese: はたらく細胞BLACK, Hepburn: Hataraku Saibō Burakku) is a Japanese manga series spin-off to Cells at Work! by Akane Shimizu. The manga was written by Shigemitsu Harada and illustrated by Issei Hatsuyoshiya. It was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Morning from June 2018 to January 2021, and was licensed in North America by Kodansha USA. An anime television series adaptation produced by Liden Films aired from January 10 to March 21, 2021. == Plot == In contrast to the main series, which is set in a generally healthy human body, Cells at Work! Code Black is set in a "black" environment of an adult man suffering an unhealthy lifestyle. The story follows the anthropomorphic cells struggling to maintain the body against threats such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and sexually transmitted infections. == Characters == Erythrocyte / Red Blood Cell (AA2153) (赤血球, Sekkekkyū) Voiced by: Junya Enoki (Japanese); Kyle McCarley (English) Portrayed by: Rihito Itagaki AA2153 is one of the two protagonists. He is a rookie erythrocyte that had started working inside a poorly maintained body, and thus an abusive work environment. As a rookie, AA2153 was initially excited for his task of going to


id: checkpoint-tv-program-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_(TV_program)-0.md
category: reference
title: Checkpoint (TV program)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_(TV_program)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:06.590676+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: checkpoint-tv-program-20260505-0
summary:
Checkpoint was a Dutch children's TV show broadcast by the Evangelische Omroep on Zapp. It can be described as a jumble between Brainiac, Jackass and Fear Factor for youth. The show is presented by Klaas van Kruistum. In this show tests are carried out which can be sent in by the viewers. However, most tests are not based upon scientific methods. It is rather a show in which stunts are performed. The ninth season of Checkpoint aired in September 2014. == Structure and development == Since 2009, when the show aired for the first time, its structure has chanced a couple of times. During the first two seasons of Checkpoint, every episode consisted of three tests. The second one always was Boys vs Girls. In these tests the differences between boys and girls are scrutinized and it focussed on whether men or women are better in performing a certain task or function. The other two tests changed every episode and these focused on products being pinpointed. Since the third season, which was broadcast in Spring 2010, the structure changed, the number of items went up from three to about four. Also: recurring items were introduced, of which one featured a


id: crash-test-danny-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_Test_Danny-0.md
category: reference
title: Crash Test Danny
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crash_Test_Danny
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:07.830733+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: crash-test-danny-20260505-0
summary:
Crash Test Danny was a series of 13 educational science sketch television shows for the Discovery Kids channel in the UK. Danny, played by Ben Langley, is a crash test dummy who goes the extra mile to put the fizz into physics. He is both motivated and hindered by the Professor, played by Gary Carpenter (who also co-wrote the program). The shows were directed by Justin Rhodes, narrated by Jon Holmes, and series produced by Mark Robson at Initial Television. == References ==


id: cro-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Cro (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:09.232372+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cro-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Cro is an American animated television series produced by the Children's Television Workshop (now known as Sesame Workshop) and Film Roman. It was partially funded by the National Science Foundation. Every episode has an educational theme, introducing basic concepts of physics, mechanical engineering, and technology. The show's narrator is an orange woolly mammoth named Phil who was found frozen in ice by a scientist named Dr. C and her assistant Mike. After they defrost him, Phil tells both of them about life in the Ice Age, including stories about his friend Cro, a Cro-Magnon boy. The show debuted on September 18, 1993, on ABC. ABC canceled the series in 1994, which caused the Children's Television Workshop to plan its own TV channel so that it would not have to rely on other companies to air its shows. The new channel, Noggin, debuted in 1999 and aired Cro reruns from its launch date until 2004. From 2000 to 2002, Cro also aired on Nickelodeon during the "Noggin on Nick" block. The series' story editors were Sindy McKay and Mark Zaslove, who was also the developer of the show. The premise of using woolly mammoths as a teaching tool for the principles


id: cro-tv-series-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro_(TV_series)-1.md
category: reference
title: Cro (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cro_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:09.232372+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cro-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
=== Modern-day characters === Phil (voiced by Jim Cummings) is a smart but goofy woolly mammoth with orange and reddish fur who is kind to humans and mammoths alike. During the end of the Ice Age, Phil fell into a glacier while saving Cro from Selene and was thawed out by Mike and Dr. C 45,000 years later. He narrates stories of his life in Woollyville in every episode. Dr. Cecilia (voiced by April Ortiz) is an eccentric female scientist. She and Mike thawed out Phil, so he tells them his stories. Dr. C speaks with a distinct Hispanic accent and speaks a few Spanish words in some episodes. She bears a resemblance to Cro and may in fact be his descendant. Mike (voiced by Jussie Smollett) is a young friend of Dr. C who wears big glasses. He likes to play basketball and lives with Dr. C for reasons not specified. He and Dr. C were the two people that thawed out Phil and therefore, he tells them his stories. === Villains === Big Red (voiced by Charlie Adler) is the conniving leader of a menacing pack of bumbling dire wolves. He uses threats to scare his minions into


id: the-curiosity-show-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Curiosity_Show-0.md
category: reference
title: The Curiosity Show
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Curiosity_Show
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:10.463907+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-curiosity-show-20260505-0
summary:
The Curiosity Show is an Australian educational children's television show produced from 1972 to 1990 and hosted by Rob Morrison and Deane Hutton. The show was produced by Banksia Productions in South Australia for the Nine Network. 500 episodes were produced across 19 seasons. Clips from episodes have been archived on YouTube for preservation. == History == Banksia Productions produced the popular children's series Here's Humphrey from 1965. The company planned to add some science segments in 1971 and sought assistance from the South Australian Institute of Technology. Rob Morrison and Deane Hutton were selected as presenters and the segments were introduced as Humphrey B Bear's Curiosity Show. After positive reception from the audience, Banksia Productions and the Nine Network agreed to produce a spin-off series. Planning commenced with the working title The F Show. Until the early 1970s, children's television was aimed at younger children. The broadcasting regulations were changed to require a proportion of programs to be aimed at school-age children, broadcast after school hours. This prompted the creation of the Curiosity Show as a separate show. The Curiosity Show was screened nationally in Australia as well as in Europe, Asia, and Australasia in 14 countries, and it


id: cyberchase-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberchase-0.md
category: reference
title: Cyberchase
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberchase
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:11.660164+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cyberchase-20260505-0
summary:
Cyberchase is an animated science fantasy children's television series that airs on PBS Kids. The series centers around three children from Earth: Jackie, Matt and Inez, who are brought into Cyberspace, a digital universe, in order to protect it from the villainous Hacker (Christopher Lloyd). They are able to foil Hacker's schemes by means of problem-solving skills in conjunction with basic mathematics, environmental science and wellness. In Cyberspace, they meet Digit (Gilbert Gottfried for the first thirteen seasons, later Ron Pardo as of the fourteenth), a "cybird" who helps them on their missions. Cyberchase was created by Sandra Sheppard, developed for children ages 8 to 11, and premiered on PBS Kids on January 21, 2002. In 2010, after season 8, Cyberchase went on hiatus, but it returned in 2013 for a ninth season, focusing more on environmental science. Cyberchase is the sixth longest-running animated series in the United States, behind The Simpsons, South Park, Family Guy, SpongeBob SquarePants, and Arthur. It also is the second longest-running animated PBS Kids series, behind Arthur. == Plot == Motherboard is the "brain of the giant computer system that oversees all of Cyberspace". Her technician computer scientist, Doctor Marbles, kept her functioning properly until


id: cyberchase-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberchase-1.md
category: reference
title: Cyberchase
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberchase
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:11.660164+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cyberchase-20260505-0
summary:
=== Villains === Hacker, also known as The Hacker (voiced by Christopher Lloyd), is a self-centered mad scientist bent on conquering or creating ultimate chaos for Cyberspace, but he is almost always thwarted by the CyberSquad. Hacker was originally created by Doctor Marbles to assist Motherboard, but he rebelled and was exiled to Northern Frontier. Nevertheless, he does have the potential to become good again, as shown in a pair of episodes where he became a peaceful artist and when he helped the CyberSquad protect the trees in the Northern Frontier. He has a pair of cyborg lackeys, Buzz and Delete, whose reliability is quite variable; sometimes, he gets very peeved when he has to do things himself as Buzz and Delete cannot. Buzz, nicknamed "Buzzy" (voiced by Len Carlson in seasons 1–5, Philip Williams in seasons 6–15, and Peter Cugno in season 16 onward), is one of Hacker's henchmen. Buzz is a small spherical cyborg with a large mouth and scrawny limbs. Buzz seems to think he is a big tough guy; however, he can be kind at times and loves doughnuts. In later seasons, he and Delete have been on friendlier terms with the CyberSquad, occasionally joining their


id: cyberchase-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberchase-2.md
category: reference
title: Cyberchase
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberchase
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:11.660164+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cyberchase-20260505-0
summary:
=== Cyberchase For Real === Each Cyberchase episode is followed by "Cyberchase For Real", a live-action educational supplement linking concepts learned in the show to real life experiences. The actors Bianca DeGroat and Matthew A. Wilson (known as Harry Wilson on the show) are in their 30s, but amusingly act in a manner similar to the age of the target audience. "For Real" is produced by WNET in and around New York City after production is completed on the animated segments. These "For Real" segments are broadcast exclusively on PBS in the United States where the program runs longer and fills the time gap where there might be breaks for "commercials". Some "For Real" segments can also be viewed online. In 2012, "Oh Noah", shorts that teach kids to speak Spanish, aired in place of the "For Real" segments on select episodes. Beginning with Season 11, DeGroat and Wilson were joined by Courtney Chu, who plays Harry's niece, and Jaden Michael, who plays Bianca's nephew. In later seasons, they assume the role of host for the live-action segments, along with other children, including Violet Tinnirello as Alex. == Development == === Conception === Cyberchase was conceived in 1999 as an


id: demonstrations-in-physics-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstrations_in_Physics-0.md
category: reference
title: Demonstrations in Physics
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstrations_in_Physics
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:12.882385+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: demonstrations-in-physics-20260505-0
summary:
Demonstrations in Physics was an educational science series produced in Australia by ABC Television in 1969. The series was hosted by American scientist Julius Sumner Miller, who demonstrated experiments involving various disciplines in the world of physics. The series was also released in the United States under the title Science Demonstrations. This program was a series of 45 shows (approximately 15 minutes each) on various topics in physics, organized into 3 units: Mechanics; Heat and Temperature / Toys; and Waves and Sound / Electricity and Magnetism. == Episodes == Following is a listing of episode titles, as given by the index on one set of the videos (the titles as introduced by Professor Miller during the episode are often different). === Unit 1 - Mechanics === Episode 1. The Idea of the Center of Gravity Episode 2. Newton's First Law of Motion Episode 3. Newton's Second Law of Motion Episode 4. Newton's Third Law of Motion Episode 5. Energy and Momentum Episode 6. Concerning Falling Bodies and Projectiles Episode 7. The Simple Pendulum, Oscillating Things Episode 8. Adventures with Bernoulli Episode 9. Soap Bubbles and Soap Films Episode 10. Atmospheric Pressure - Properties of Gases Episode 11. Centrifugal Force and


id: discover-the-world-of-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discover:_The_World_of_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Discover: The World of Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discover:_The_World_of_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:14.128212+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: discover-the-world-of-science-20260505-0
summary:
Discover: The World of Science is an American television show that ran between 1983 and 1990. Actor Peter Graves is the on-camera host and narrator of Discover: The World of Science, a monthly, one-hour magazine-style television series which provides a human perspective on new developments in robots, science, technology, medicine, the environment, behavior and natural history. The series was typically broadcast on Wednesday evenings at 8 PM on PBS. The series, with early episodes being underwritten by Atari and later episodes being underwritten by GTE, was produced by Chedd-Angier Productions in association with Discover Magazine. Peter Graves hosted 24 episodes of the series. Chedd-Angier succeeded this show with Scientific American Frontiers. The series was periodically spoofed on Saturday Night Live with comedian Phil Hartman portraying Peter Graves. == List of known episodes == == References == == Further reading == "Advertising: Gulf Oil Will Sponsor Discover TV Special". The New York Times. November 20, 1981. Unger, Arthur (August 27, 1982). "Of interest". Christian Science Monitor. on Sept. 13 through 17, a new syndicated science show will be appearing mostly on independent stations in the 57 top US markets. It is Discover: The World of Science, a one-hour special, the first


id: discoveries-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discoveries_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Discoveries (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discoveries_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:15.346546+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: discoveries-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Discoveries is a Canadian youth science television series which aired on CBC Television in 1957. == Premise == This Winnipeg-produced science show was geared towards youth ages 12 to 14. Some episodes featured Manitoba Museum curator Dick Sutton presenting segments on nature and its history. In March 1957, the series featured Manitoba Telephone System executive R. P. Coats who demonstrated principles of telecommunications by presenting basic, easily constructed devices. University of Manitoba greenhouse operator Stan Westaway taught about plants, trees and vegetables during the May 1957 broadcasts. Rod Mackenzie, a Winnipeg secondary school teacher, hosted the final three episodes of Discoveries on the topic of electricity. This series is distinct from an Ann Arbor, Michigan-produced Discoveries science series which was presented by Mary Lela Grimes and broadcast on CBC Television from July to September 1959. == Scheduling == This 15-minute series was broadcast on Fridays at 5:00 p.m. (Eastern) from 8 February to 28 June 1957. == References == == External links == Allan, Blaine (1996). "Discoveries". Queen's University. Archived from the original on 14 January 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2010.


id: discovering-psychology-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovering_Psychology-0.md
category: reference
title: Discovering Psychology
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovering_Psychology
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:17.148068+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: discovering-psychology-20260505-0
summary:
Discovering Psychology is a PBS documentary on psychology presented by Philip Zimbardo, for which he received the Carl Sagan Award for Public Understanding of Science. The series was released in 1990, with an updated edition comprising three additional episodes in 2001. == Episodes == Sensation and Perception Understanding Research Remembering and Forgetting Cognitive Processes Judgment and Decision Making Motivation and Emotion The Mind Awake and Asleep The Mind Hidden and Divided The Self Testing and Intelligence Sex and Gender Maturing and Aging The Power of the Situation Constructing Social Reality Psychopathology Psychotherapy Health, Mind, and Behavior Applying Psychology in Life Cognitive Neuroscience Cultural Psychology == References == == External links == Discovering Psychology companion website


id: doing-davinci-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doing_DaVinci-0.md
category: reference
title: Doing DaVinci
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doing_DaVinci
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:18.396654+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: doing-davinci-20260505-0
summary:
Doing DaVinci is a popular science television program originally aired on the Discovery Channel in which the hosts attempted to create many of Leonardo da Vinci's inventions. The show aired on a weekly schedule with the first episode broadcast on April 13, 2009. == Team == The inventions are created by a team of six members: Valek Sykes, a special effects expert and mechanical designer, actor, owner of Tech Works Studios and Exit Biohazard and Crime Scene Cleanup Bill Duggan, a carpenter and the host of Curb Appeal Flash Hopkins, an artist, builder, and long time Burning Man personality Jurgen Heimann, a designer and puppeteer Alan Bovinett, an entrepreneur and mechanical engineer. Terry Sandin, a mechanical and animatronics engineer and a host of Prototype This! The team consults with da Vinci researcher Jonathan Pevsner to understand the inventions and decide on materials for their construction. == Construction == The team first consults with Jonathan Pevsner to decide on materials and map out the basics of the design. The invention is then reconstructed in Autodesk Inventor and Autodesk's Digital Prototyping solutions. Then the team heads to a workshop to begin construction. After the invention is completed it is tested to determine


id: don-t-ask-me-tv-programme-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don't_Ask_Me_(TV_programme)-0.md
category: reference
title: Don't Ask Me (TV programme)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don't_Ask_Me_(TV_programme)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:19.556974+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: don-t-ask-me-tv-programme-20260505-0
summary:
Don't Ask Me is a popular British television science show made by Yorkshire Television for the ITV network and ran from 1974 to 1978. It attempted to answer science-based questions and contributors included Magnus Pyke (natural sciences), Rob Buckman (medicine), David Bellamy (biology), Miriam Stoppard (medicine), and Derek Griffiths. Those behind the scenes included Adam Hart-Davis, who later became a well-known science presenter in his own right. The theme music was "House of the King" by the contemporary Dutch progressive rock band Focus. The series was rebroadcast on TVOntario in the late 1970s and early 1980s. A follow-up called Don't Just Sit There ran for 19 episodes from 1979 to 1980. It was also produced by Yorkshire TV and featured the same panel. == References == == External links == Don't Ask Me at IMDb Carl Gardner, Robert M. Young. "Science on TV: a Critique". The Human Nature Review.


id: dragonflytv-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DragonflyTV-0.md
category: reference
title: DragonflyTV
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DragonflyTV
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:20.797676+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: dragonflytv-20260505-0
summary:
DragonflyTV (subtitled GPS: Going Places in Science for seasons 5–6, and Nano for season 7) is an American science education television series produced by Twin Cities Public Television. The show aired on PBS Kids from January 19, 2002, to December 20, 2008. It was aimed at ages 9–12. Seasons 1–4 were co-hosted by Michael Brandon Battle and Mariko Nakasone. Seasons 5–7 were hosted by Eric Artell and were produced in partnership with science museums. DragonflyTV was created in collaboration with Project Dragonfly at Miami University, which founded Dragonfly magazine, the first national magazine to feature children's investigations, experiments, and discoveries. DragonflyTV pioneered a "real kids, real science" approach to children's science television and led to the development of the SciGirls television series. DragonflyTV and SciGirls were funded in part by the National Science Foundation to provide a national forum for children's scientific investigations. Reruns of DragonflyTV aired on select PBS stations until 2019, and later in off-network syndication to allow commercial stations to meet federal E/I mandates. == Episodes == === Season 1 (2002) === === Season 2 (2003) === Teams of DFTV's kid scientists demonstrate different approaches to investigations – experimental, engineering, and observational. === Season 3 (2004) ===


id: dude-what-would-happen-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude,_What_Would_Happen-0.md
category: reference
title: Dude, What Would Happen
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude,_What_Would_Happen
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:22.123528+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: dude-what-would-happen-20260505-0
summary:
Dude, What Would Happen is an American live-action reality series that aired on Cartoon Network originally as part of its CN Real block, which aired a line of live-action reality shows promoted in the summer of 2009. The show premiered on August 19, 2009, preceded by another CN Real series Bobb'e Says. The show is hosted by three male teenagers (C.J. Manigo, Jackson Rogow, and Ali Sepasyar) who wondered what would happen if some wild event, scheme or experiment were to occur. The three teens attempt to create the event themselves and consult experts ("The Lab Dudes") when needed. The series went on to have three seasons aired throughout a span of two years, in which the series eventually ended in September 2011, as the series was not announced for a renewal by Cartoon Network. Dude, What Would Happen was one of only two CN Real shows (the other being Destroy Build Destroy) to have been renewed for additional seasons, as the other CN Real shows had already been cancelled earlier due to critically negative reception. == Cast == C.J. Manigo Jackson Rogow Ali Sepasyar == Production == In the "Dudes Make It Happen" weekend special, it was revealed that


id: dynamo-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DynaMo-0.md
category: reference
title: DynaMo
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DynaMo
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:23.288610+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: dynamo-20260505-0
summary:
DynaMo was a British children's educational programme created in 1998. It was broadcast by the BBC on the BBC Learning Zone. The programme was hosted by the eponymous cartoon dog DynaMo with his friend SlowMo to teach children aged 5–9 about English, maths, science and history. The programme was broadcast on BBC television from 3 October 1998 to 24 September 2001. == Programme == The concept came about from a BBC survey of 2,800 parents, teachers and children. The survey showed that parents were unwilling to assist children with homework due to not wanting to impose on them or risk upsetting teachers. DynaMo was created as a result. The programme designed for an eight week run on the BBC Learning Zone. It was created by the BBC to be a way for children to enjoy learning by involving cartoon characters and using educational clips from other BBC Education programmes. The programme was designed to follow the British National Curriculum. Hosted by the titular cartoon dog DynaMo and his friend SloMo, the two investigate a certain educational topic each episode. It was designed so that it could be watched by children alone or with their parents. The programme whilst part of


id: earth-revealed-introductory-geology-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Revealed:_Introductory_Geology-0.md
category: reference
title: Earth Revealed: Introductory Geology
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Revealed:_Introductory_Geology
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:24.499061+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: earth-revealed-introductory-geology-20260505-0
summary:
Earth Revealed: Introductory Geology, originally titled Earth Revealed, is a 26-part video instructional series covering the processes and properties of the physical Earth, with particular attention given to the scientific theories underlying geological principles. The telecourse was produced by Intelecom and the Southern California Consortium, was funded by the Annenberg/CPB Project, and first aired on PBS in 1992 with the title Earth Revealed. All 26 episodes are hosted by Dr. James L. Sadd, professor of environmental science at Occidental College in Los Angeles, California. Some footage used in Earth Revealed previously had been seen in the 1986 PBS series Planet Earth. == Episodes == === Module I: Introduction (February 17–24, 1992) === 1. "Down to Earth" – Beginning by comparing surface conditions on the planets Venus and Mars with the living landscapes of the Earth to highlight how unique the Earth is, the episode describes the goal of the study of geology and introduces major topics the series addresses, including the Earth's heat engines, plate tectonics, volcanism, earthquakes and seismology, erosion, and natural resources such as groundwater. 2. "The Restless Planet" – The episode discusses the development of astronomical theory, including the geocentrist views of astronomers in ancient Greece and


id: earth-revealed-introductory-geology-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Revealed:_Introductory_Geology-1.md
category: reference
title: Earth Revealed: Introductory Geology
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Revealed:_Introductory_Geology
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:24.499061+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: earth-revealed-introductory-geology-20260505-0
summary:
=== Module IV: The Rock Cycle (May 4, 1992-June 15, 1992) === 12. "Minerals: The Materials of Earth" – The episode examines the variety of minerals, their atomic and crystalline structures, and their physical properties such as color, hardness, luster, cleavage, and streak. It also describes how petrologists section rocks and discusses hydrothermal solutions, the precipitation of metallic minerals, gems, precious metals, the formation and excavation of ores, and the value of silicates. 13. "Volcanism" – The episode describes volcanic processes, how tectonic plate boundaries are related to volcanism, and how volcanoes provide geologists with clues as to what is happening within the Earth. It also surveys the various types of volcanic eruptions, craters, cones, and vents, lava domes, magma, rift zones, volcanic rock, the relationship of volcanoes to ore deposits and geothermal energy, and the clues that volcanologists use to predict eruptions. 14. "Intrusive Igneous Rocks' – The episode examines the process in which magma seeps into crevices in existing rock and cools to form dikes of intrusive igneous rock without ever extruding onto the Earth's surface and how plate tectonics play a role in the process. It also discusses the formation and types of magma, xenoliths, batholiths, igneous


id: earth-revealed-introductory-geology-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Revealed:_Introductory_Geology-2.md
category: reference
title: Earth Revealed: Introductory Geology
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Revealed:_Introductory_Geology
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:24.499061+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: earth-revealed-introductory-geology-20260505-0
summary:
=== Module VI: Living With Earth (August 3–10, 1992) === 25. "Living With Earth: The Loma Prieta Earthquake" – The episode uses the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in California as the starting point for a discussion of how humans are learning to cope with earthquakes, methods of studying earthquakes, and how various groups and agencies are studying the San Andreas Fault and the damage caused along its path during the Loma Prieta earthquake to better understand how earthquakes affect the land, buildings, and people. It also discusses aftershocks, liquefaction, scientific concerns about the Hayward Fault, the cause of most human casualties during earthquakes, and what can be done to limit casualties and property damage in the event of an earthquake. 26. "Living With Earth: Preserving the Legacy" – The episode discusses the impact on the Earth of the Industrial Revolution, as well as where petroleum comes from, how it is discovered and extracted, and how it is converted into energy, and the effects on the Earth of oil drilling and the burning of fossil fuels. It also examines the potential of alternative energy sources, including the pros and cons of, and problems related to, the exploitation of geothermal energy. ==


id: elinor-wonders-why-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinor_Wonders_Why-0.md
category: reference
title: Elinor Wonders Why
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinor_Wonders_Why
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:25.727302+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: elinor-wonders-why-20260505-0
summary:
Elinor Wonders Why is an animated television series created by Jorge Cham and Daniel Whiteson. The series premiered on September 7, 2020 from PBS Kids. == Overview == The exploration-themed show encourages children to follow their curiosity, ask questions when they don't understand, and find answers using science inquiry skills. The main character, Elinor, is the most observant and curious bunny rabbit in Animal Town just north of Natural Forest, California. She introduces children ages 3–6 to science, nature, and communities through adventures with her friends Olive and Ari. Each episode includes two 11-minute animated stories, plus interstitial content, where Elinor and her classmates enjoy either Señor Tapir singing about famous nature explorers or Ms. Mole reading stories. == Characters == === Main === Elinor Rabbit (voiced by Markeda McKay) – A white bunny girl with an inquisitive nature and a sweet personality. Ari Bat (voiced by Wyatt White in season 1, and Athan Giazitzidis in season 2) – A funny, imaginative light brown bat boy who lives in a hollow boulder, and is one of Elinor's best friends. Olive Elephant (voiced by Maria Nash in season 1, and Lizette Chambers in season 2) – An elephant calf girl who


id: emily-s-wonder-lab-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily's_Wonder_Lab-0.md
category: reference
title: Emily's Wonder Lab
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily's_Wonder_Lab
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:26.970449+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: emily-s-wonder-lab-20260505-0
summary:
Emily's Wonder Lab is an educational television series starring Mason Wells, Sky Alexis, Zaela Rae, Kennedi Butler and Makenzie Lee-Foster, with Emily Calandrelli as host. It premiered on August 25, 2020 on Netflix. On July 13, 2021, the series was canceled after just one season. == Cast == Emily Calandrelli Mason Wells Sky Alexis Kennedi Butler Makenzie Lee-Foster Arya Darbahani Zaela Rae Alex Jayne Go Tenz McCall Olivia Coates Christopher Farrar Jayden Langarica == Episodes == == Release == Emily's Wonder Lab was released on August 25, 2020, on Netflix. == References == == External links == Emily's Wonder Lab on Netflix Emily's Wonder Lab at IMDb


id: eureka-british-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_(British_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Eureka (British TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_(British_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:28.195776+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: eureka-british-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Eureka (sometimes referred to as Eureka!) is a British educational television series about science and inventiveness which was originally produced and broadcast by the BBC from 1982 to 1986, and repeated until 1987. Devised and written by Clive Doig and Jeremy Beadle, the series told the stories behind the inventions of commonplace objects. == Cast == Presented by Jeremy Beadle (series 1, 1982), then Sarah Greene (series 2, 1983), Paul McDowell (series 2 and 3, 1983 and 1985) and Wilf Lunn (series 4, 1986), the show featured an ensemble cast who re-enacted the moments of invention or performed humorous sketches to deliver key facts and information. Notable cast members included Sylvester McCoy, Simon Gipps-Kent, Bernard Holley, Madeline Smith, Mike Savage, Julia Binsted, Philip Fox and Jackie Clarke. Each show also featured a segment showcasing a madcap and not always reliable invention by Wilf Lunn often to the bemusement of McCoy or another of the regular cast. In the fourth and final series, the format changed slightly and Lunn became the presenter, playing the Doctor of Alternative Invention at the Eureka Museum of Invention. == References == == External links == http://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/classic/titles/eureka.shtml The show's title sequence Eureka at IMDb https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDzadukw-u4 'The


id: eureka-tv-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_TV-0.md
category: reference
title: Eureka TV
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_TV
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:29.378614+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: eureka-tv-20260505-0
summary:
Eureka TV is a British children's television series about science that ran from 2001 to 2005 on the children's TV channel CBBC. == Presenters == Fearne Cotton (series 1–2) 2001-2003 Kate Heavenor (series 1–3) 2001-2005 Mohini Sule (series 3) 2004-2005 == Features == High Tech Eureka The latest technology. Micro Eureka Showed an everyday object, magnified hundreds of times. Little Eureka A science experiment using everyday objects. Wild Eureka About animals. Big Eureka Mysteries from the world of science. Paper Eureka Things to do with an A4 sheet of paper. == Eureka Mondays == Presenters Mohini Sule – main morning presenter Sophie McDonell – helper morning presenter/morning continuity presenter Kate Heavenor – main afternoon presenter Angellica Bell – afternoon continuity presenter Andrew Hayden-Smith – helper afternoon presenter/afternoon continuity Holly Willoughby – relief presenter for all areas == Series == === Series 1 (2001-2002) === The first series aired on 24 September 2001 and ended on 17 December 2001. The series was presented by Kate Heavenor and Fearne Cotton. This series had all of the features above except for Paper and Micro Eureka. === Series 2 (2003) === The series was the second which aired midway through 2003, it was put


id: exploring-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploring_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Exploring (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploring_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:30.578544+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: exploring-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Exploring is a Saturday morning children's educational series in color that appeared on NBC television on Saturday afternoons from October 13, 1962 to April 9, 1966. The NBC News series, which was nominated for an Emmy Award in 1964 and won a Peabody Award in 1963, featured segments about science and the arts. The series was hosted by Dr. Albert Hibbs, a scientist and educator. Mary Ritts and Paul Ritts were puppeteers on the show; Paul performed Albert, Calvin and Sir Geoffrey, while Mary played Magnolia. Besides the Ritts puppets, the series also featured short films, animated versions of famous legends (by John David Wilson), and music Millard Research Associates produced a printed copy of their survey results which found over 600,000 Exploring Teachers Guides were requested for teachers in major school districts all across the country (they were free). A Millard survey found 86% of the teachers requesting the Guides were assigning the Saturday morning program for family viewing. This was the first instance of proving you could change ratings with Teachers Guides. This was done again on CBS with the Teachers Guides to the 21st Century (Young and Rubicon researched this) and later on PBS. == References ==


id: the-eyes-of-nye-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Eyes_of_Nye-0.md
category: reference
title: The Eyes of Nye
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Eyes_of_Nye
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:31.812822+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-eyes-of-nye-20260505-0
summary:
The Eyes of Nye is a science program that aired on public television in the United States in 2005 and featured Bill Nye. The show had an older target audience than its predecessor Bill Nye the Science Guy, aimed more toward adults and teenagers than children. The creation of the show was motivated by the success of Bill Nye the Science Guy, as well as a widespread contempt among scientists for scientific journalism in the media. The program was based in Seattle, Washington, produced by Buena Vista Television, and broadcast during Prime time by KCTS, the local PBS affiliate. == Recurring segments == Straight Talk: Parodies interview shows like Larry King Live. The guest is always a deep-voiced, overbearing senator whose opinion fluctuates quite wildly with each question. Opinions Now with Chris David: Parodies "debate" shows like Hardball with Chris Matthews. The host is very loud, constantly leans forward and glares at the camera, and demands solid answers, or at least strong opinions, at all times. Taking a jab at modern television news shows, the more level-headed and cautious experts are often ignored in favor of other guests with more extreme and livid views on the subject at hand. Science


id: eyewitness-british-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyewitness_(British_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Eyewitness (British TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyewitness_(British_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:33.123507+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: eyewitness-british-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Eyewitness is a nature and science television series based on the bestselling Eyewitness Books series by Dorling Kindersley. It was produced by the BBC, DK Vision (the video production arm of Dorling Kindersley) and Oregon Public Broadcasting. Guy Michelmore composed the series' opening and ending themes, as well as the score for each individual episode of Season 1, with Guy Dagul writing the score for each individual episode of seasons 2 and 3, respectively. Dagul's scores for season 3 also incorporated stock music tracks and cues by Dick DeBenedictis. The series aired from 1995 to 1998 (seasons 1–3) on PBS in the United States and from 1995 to 1996 (seasons 1–2) on Disney Channel in the United Kingdom. == Premise == Eyewitness is a documentary series. Each half-hour episode focuses on a single subject in the field of natural science, such as the Solar System or the various functions of the human body, similar in form to the book series on which it was based, with most being based, in part or in whole, off of existing book titles at the time, with few exceptions (though some titles, such as "Planets" and "Natural Disaster" started off as episodes and were


id: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman-0.md
category: reference
title: Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:34.319880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-0
summary:
Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman (sometimes shortened as Fetch!) is an American live-action/animated television series that aired on PBS Kids Go! and is largely targeted toward children ages 6–10. It is a reality competition hosted by Ruff Ruffman, an animated anthropomorphic dog who dispenses challenges to the show's real-life contestants. The series aired from May 29, 2006, to November 4, 2010, on PBS across five seasons and 100 episodes, and featured 30 contestants. Although a sixth season was planned, with auditions taking place in January 2010, WGBH announced on June 14, 2010, that the series would end due to lack of funding. In June 2008, the series received its first Emmy for Best Original Song for its theme. == Premise == Fetch! is a reality-based game show where young contestants (ages 10–14) face various challenges to gain points. During these challenges, they must complete various tasks assigned to them ahead of time and on the fly by Ruff and surrogates, depending on the situation. There is also an educational component, as contestants often must learn something, such as astronomy, puzzles, carpentry, engineering, food science, biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics, to complete the task. Unlike most reality competition shows, there were no


id: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman-1.md
category: reference
title: Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:34.319880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-0
summary:
Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman contains many cultural references, which make up most of its comedic style. In the season 2 premiere, when Nina does a sloppy job at making chocolate candy, Ruff remarks that it is "Jackson Pollock candy." In the following episode, he mentions that he likes REO Speedwagon. In season 2, episode 4, when Rosario voiced Ruff for the first time, Ruff remarked: "Is that Ruff Ruffman or Marge Simpson?" In season 2, episode 15, when the scuba instructors arrived at the beach, Ruff claimed that they were "faster than Batman" and that he "hoped [Batman] was watching the show". In season 3, episode 13, when Sam and Harsha throw sacks in a pail, Ruff states, "I feel like Shaq in the free throw line", referencing Shaquille O' Neal. In season 4, episode 14, when Talia finds a horseshoe crab while working on a shrimp boat, Ruff states that it "Looks like Darth Vader's face with a billion legs coming out of it!" In season 4, episode 16, when Ruff calls Isaac, who is dressed as an old lady, he accidentally calls him Mrs. Doubtfire before correcting himself and calling him Mrs. Issacson. In season 4, episode 17,


id: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman-2.md
category: reference
title: Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:34.319880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-0
summary:
=== Supporting === Grandma Ruffman (voiced by Jim Conroy) is Ruff and Scruff's grandmother, who speaks with a Long Island accent. She loves Ruff, but can be very critical at times. Like her son and daughter-in-law, Wink and Dinah Ruffman, she was a game show host/spy in her youth. Scruff Ruffman (voiced by Jim Conroy) is Ruff's identical evil twin brother, who is distinguished from him by a five-o'clock shadow. Throughout the show's run, Scruff becomes less evil and seeks to redeem himself and his family name. This likely stems from his girlfriend Petunia Fidolopolus framing Grandma Ruffman for trying to break Scruff out of prison. In season 5, he is paroled and is currently living under Grandma Ruffman's custody. Ruffael Ruffmanowitz (voiced by Jim Conroy) is Ruff's great-great-great-great-great-great grandfather, who was an inventor. Great Uncle McRuffmantosh (voiced by Jim Conroy) is Ruff's great-uncle who has a beard and has an exaggerated Scottish accent. He is a scholar with a Ph.D., and usually appears on the show for historical challenges. Spot Spotnik is Ruff's rival, who is tan with brown spots. Ruff sometimes sees him as his old friend, but he is shown to be devious and will do anything


id: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-3
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman-3.md
category: reference
title: Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:34.319880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-0
summary:
=== Studio G set === Studio G is the studio for Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman. Three segments of the show take place in the studio – the intro, half-time quiz show, and "Triumph Tally". In season 1, the contestants recognized that Studio G looked like a garage and asked Ruff why. This really annoyed Ruff, who told them it was not a garage but "Studio G". Throughout the show's five seasons, the studio changed. For seasons 1 and 2, the studio remained relatively unaltered, but sizable changes were made to the studio for season 3. The television through which the contestants communicate with Ruff was changed to a more current flat-screen TV, and Ruff's owner parked her car, a dusty Volkswagen Karmann Ghia, in the studio. A flamingo and trees as well as a "Studio G" sign and a "wall of fame" displaying past Fetch! contestant season winners were added to the studio in season 2. In season 4, a new remote control mailbox was placed on the TV Screen, which popped out when a challenge was in the mailbox. Season 5's major renovation occurred during the season finale – it became the Go Get It! studio (Studio P), and


id: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-4
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman-4.md
category: reference
title: Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetch!_with_Ruff_Ruffman
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:34.319880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fetch-with-ruff-ruffman-20260505-0
summary:
=== Critical response === The show was an instant hit with audiences and received critical acclaim. The New York Times praised the series, writing "The show’s creators have written in all the sarcasm and amazingness of a more sophisticated and harder-edged show, but not in a way that condones such behavior. There’s a kind of genius to the setup." Larisa Wiseman of Common Sense Media gave the series four out of five stars, saying this entertaining PBS series combines the comedy of a cartoon, the challenge of a game show, and the best of reality TV. === Awards and accolades === Fetch! has received numerous awards over the years. APEX 2009: Grand Award for The Ruff Guide to Science U.S. International Film and Video Festival 2009: "Certificate for Creative Excellence" in the Children's Programming category 2009 Daytime Emmy Nominations: Outstanding Children's Series, Outstanding Writing in a Children's Series, Outstanding Achievement in Main Title and Graphic Design iParenting Media Award 2009: Winner – Television "2009 Best Products" Parents' Choice Awards 2009: Silver Honor Winner: TV show WorldFest Houston 2009: Gold Remi Award "TV Series – Family/Children" WorldFest Houston 2009: Platinum Remi Award "TV Series – Family/Children" MITX Award 2008: Winner –


id: the-fixies-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fixies-0.md
category: reference
title: The Fixies
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fixies
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:35.537708+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-fixies-20260505-0
summary:
The Fixies (Russian: Фиксики, romanized: Fiksiki) is a Russian animated children's television series based on The Little Warranty People by Eduard Uspensky. The series premiered on 13 December 2010 as a segment on the television show Good Night, Little Ones! on Russia-1 and Bibigon. The series was created by Alexander Tatarsky and is produced by Aeroplane Productions. == Premise == The Fixies centers around the adventures of little people called fixies (a portmanteau of "fix" and "pixie") who live inside various devices and keep them in order with their technical knowledge. Each episode focuses on a particular everyday device and involves the fixies explaining what it is, how it works, and how to safely use it. One of the protagonists is Tom Thomas, who managed to make friends with fixies named Simka and Nolik. To learn more about different things, they are helped by older fixies—their parents Papus and Masiya, as well as Grandpus. At the same time, Tom Thomas is obliged to keep the fixies' existence a secret from everyone else and to protect them from his dog Chewsocka. In the second season, new characters were introduced—four classmates of Simka and Nolik: Fire, Verta, Digit, and Toola, as well


id: fur-feather-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fur_&_Feather-0.md
category: reference
title: Fur & Feather
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fur_&_Feather
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:36.833289+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fur-feather-20260505-0
summary:
Fur & Feather is a Canadian children's television series about animals which aired on CBC Television from 1955 to 1956. It was hosted by Ian McTaggart-Cowan who headed the Zoology Department at the University of British Columbia. == Scheduling == The Vancouver-produced series aired on Wednesdays at 5:00 p.m. from 6 July 1955 to 21 September 1955, then aired Mondays at 4:30 p.m. from 26 September 1955 until 25 June 1956. The debut episode featured penguins. McTaggart-Cowan was joined by David Maxwell on some episodes. == Selected episodes == == References == == External links == Fur & Feather at University of Victoria Libraries, selected episodes


id: future-fantastic-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_Fantastic-0.md
category: reference
title: Future Fantastic
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_Fantastic
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:37.982117+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: future-fantastic-20260505-0
summary:
Future Fantastic was a British documentary television series which premiered in 1996. This show looked at the how science and science fiction complement each other, and how ideas and technologies from the past are helping to shape our future. The series was narrated by Gillian Anderson and co-produced by the British Broadcasting Corporation, The Learning Channel and Pro Sieben. == Episodes == === "Alien" === Alien: Discusses the possibility of encountering intelligent life on other planets. Interviewed Story Musgrave (astronaught), Seth Shostak (astronomer), Frank Drake (astronomer), Jill Tarter (astronomer), Arthur C. Clarke (author), Richard F. Haines (scientist), Robert Sheaffer (UFO investigator), Jack Cohen (biologist), John Clute (author), David Bischoff (author), Glenn Campbell (Area 51 Investigator), Bob Lazar (engineer) This episode was first broadcast on 21 June 1996. === "I, Robot" === I, Robot: Discusses the evolving and growing role of artificial intelligence, computers, and robots in our everyday life. Interviewed Joe Engelberger (roboticist), Red Whittaker (roboticist), Marvin Minsky (cognitive scientist), Hans Moravec (computer scientist), Takeo Kanade (roboticist), Kevin Warwick (roboticist), Rodney Brooks (roboticist) This episode was first broadcast on 28 June 1996. === "Starman" === Starman: Looks at how we might eventually reach the stars. Interviewed Nick Argento (historian), Arthur


id: future-kid-takara-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_Kid_Takara-0.md
category: reference
title: Future Kid Takara
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_Kid_Takara
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:39.279940+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: future-kid-takara-20260505-0
summary:
Future Kid Takara is a Japanese original anime television series produced by NHK Enterprises and Beyond C. and animated by Studio 4°C. The series is directed by Yuta Sano, produced by Shun Hasegawa, and written by Shinji Obara, with original character designs handled by Shinji Kimura. The 11-episode short-form series originally premiered at the Osaka World Expo on September 25, 2025, and it aired between November 8 and 9 of the same year on NHK Educational TV. The theme song is "Chikyu no Namida" (地球のなみだ) performed by Yuki Kaji and Honoka Yoshida. == Characters == Takara (タカラ) Voiced by: Yuki Kaji Sara (サラ) Voiced by: Honoka Yoshida Sugar (シュガー, Shugā) Voiced by: Keiko Toda Dr. Amory (エイモリー博士, Eimorī Hakase) Voiced by: Yūki Kaji Naomi (ナオミ) Voiced by: Keiko Toda Genji (源じぃ) Voiced by: Yūki Kaji Announcer (アナウンサー, Anaunsā) Voiced by: Keiko Toda Ranfo (ランフォ) == References == == External links == Anime official website (in Japanese) Future Kid Takara (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia


id: genius-american-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_(American_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Genius (American TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_(American_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:40.696442+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: genius-american-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Genius is an American biographical anthology drama series developed by Noah Pink and Kenneth Biller which premiered on National Geographic. The first season, which aired between April and June 2017, followed the life of Albert Einstein, from his early years, through his time as a patent clerk, and into his later years as a physicist who developed the theory of relativity; the season is based on the 2007 book Einstein: His Life and Universe by Walter Isaacson. The second season, which aired between April and June 2018, followed the life and artistry of Pablo Picasso. In April 2018, National Geographic renewed the series for a third season. The season was originally supposed to focus on Mary Shelley, but this was changed during development to instead focus on Aretha Franklin. It aired in March 2021. In December 2020, the series was renewed for a fourth season to be released on National Geographic and Disney+. The fourth season follows the lives of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X and premiered on February 1, 2024. Throughout the years the series received several nominations and accolades, including two Primetime Emmy Awards and an NAACP Image Awards. == Synopsis == The first season chronicles


id: genius-american-tv-series-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_(American_TV_series)-1.md
category: reference
title: Genius (American TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_(American_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:40.696442+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: genius-american-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
==== Season 4 ==== In September 2022, the cast was announced, with Kelvin Harrison Jr. and Aaron Pierre set to star as Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X respectively, while Weruche Opia was cast as Coretta Scott King and Jayme Lawson as Betty Shabazz. In November, Ron Cephas Jones, Gary Carr and Hubert Point-Du Jour were added to the main cast for the season, with Lennie James, LisaGay Hamilton, Ashley Romans, Donal Logue and Griffin Matthews joining in recurring roles. Jalyn Hall was cast as a younger Martin Luther King Jr. in December. === Filming === Principal photography for season one took place in mid-2016 in Prague. Filming for season two began in November 2017 in Málaga and was expected to take place for over five months in various cities around the world, including Barcelona, Paris, and Budapest. Filming for the third season was set to commence in November 2019, for an early-2020 release. In March 2020, the production was shelved due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The series resumed production on October 1, 2020. === Music === Most of Franklin's music in season three was recorded by Erivo. However, the producers were unable to obtain the rights to use


id: genius-by-stephen-hawking-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_by_Stephen_Hawking-0.md
category: reference
title: Genius by Stephen Hawking
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_by_Stephen_Hawking
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:41.880518+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: genius-by-stephen-hawking-20260505-0
summary:
Genius by Stephen Hawking is a television series aired on PBS hosted by Stephen Hawking. It premiered on May 18, 2016, and ended on June 1, 2016, with only one season being produced before Hawking's death in 2018. == Premise == Genius by Stephen Hawking is a series that first aired on PBS on Wednesdays, from May 18 to June 1, 2016. Professor Stephen Hawking challenges volunteers to think like geniuses and solve some of humanity's most enduring questions. What, Why, Where, are We (as in humanity) are covered, as well as Are We Alone and Can We Time Travel. Generally three volunteers with these questions are followed as they try to find the answers to their questions. The idea is to teach the volunteers and watchers how to think like a genius. All are G-rated TV hour episodes originally aired in pairs. == Episodes == == References == == External links == Genius by Stephen Hawking PBS https://www.pbs.org/show/genius-stephen-hawking/ http://www.metacritic.com/tv/genius-by-stephen-hawking


id: a-glorious-accident-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Glorious_Accident-0.md
category: reference
title: A Glorious Accident
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Glorious_Accident
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:43.120767+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: a-glorious-accident-20260505-0
summary:
Een schitterend ongeluk (translated "A Glorious Accident" in English) was a 1993 documentary series featuring six prominent scientists and philosophers. Hosted by Wim Kayzer, a Dutch television producer, and filmed in seven parts, A Glorious Accident included interviews with Daniel Dennett, Freeman Dyson, Stephen Jay Gould, Oliver Sacks, Rupert Sheldrake, and Stephen Toulmin. During six individual interviews with each guest and a final round table, the attendees discussed their vision of their work and the world with the central themes introduced by Kayzer: "How far did you come in your understanding of our thoughts and actions? What did science really bring us at the end of the 20th century: knowledge or also understanding?" "What is consciousness?" "What is memory?" The roundtable discussion was filmed in the Netherlands. The film was released by VPRO and produced by Nellie Kamer and Wim Kayzer. The film broke viewing records in the Netherlands in 1993. In the United States, A Glorious Accident was broadcast twice in June 1994 on PBS member station WNET. In September 1996, PBS member station KCET in Los Angeles also broadcast the series. The film was over 15 hours in length. The title phrase "glorious accident" is attributed to Stephen


id: hjernevask-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjernevask-0.md
category: reference
title: Hjernevask
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjernevask
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:44.839481+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: hjernevask-20260505-0
summary:
Hjernevask ("Brainwash") is a Norwegian documentary miniseries about science that aired on NRK1 in 2010. The series, consisting of seven episodes, was created for NRK and presented by the comedian and sociologist Harald Eia. The series contrasted cultural determinist models of human behavior (also referred to as the Standard social science model) with nature-nurture interactionist perspectives. In support of the cultural determinist perspective it interviewed mainly Norwegian humanities scholars, in particular literary theorist Jørgen Lorentzen at the Centre for Gender Research. Experts interviewed for the series in support of a nature-nurture interactionist perspective included Simon Baron-Cohen, Steven Pinker, Simon LeVay, David Buss, Glenn Wilson, Robert Plomin and Anne Campbell. This ignited a wide public discussion on the subject of the nature versus nurture debate, and especially focused on the views expressed by Lorentzen. The entire series has since been released online. == Objectives and awards == Eia and coproducer Ole Martin Ihle have named Steven Pinker's book The Blank Slate as an inspiration for the documentary series. The series was a huge success, and Eia was awarded the Fritt Ord Award for "having precipitated one of the most heated debates on research in recent times". == Episodes == The producers


id: hot-dog-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_Dog_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Hot Dog (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_Dog_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:46.040213+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: hot-dog-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Hot Dog was a Saturday morning documentary series for children, seen on NBC from September 12, 1970 to September 4, 1971. Created by Frank Buxton and co-produced by Buxton and Lee Mendelson, the program was notable for its hosts – comedienne Jo Anne Worley, comedian Jonathan Winters and writer and actor Woody Allen. The pilot, televised on March 28, 1970, starred Worley, Allen and Tom Smothers, who was replaced with Winters when the show became a series. Based on Buxton's travels as a comedian (and later, as host of the ABC series Discovery), which took him on tours to various factories, Hot Dog explained, in a humorous manner, how we do things (such as snore) and how things were made (such as the eponymous hot dogs and their buns, plus condiments like mustard). Seventy topics were covered during the course of this series, which lasted 13 episodes and was rerun the rest of the season. NBC won a Peabody Award for the series in 1970. Some of the music in this series was performed by The Youngbloods. == Syndication and alternate versions == Reruns of Hot Dog were syndicated during the 1977–1978 television season, at a time when Allen had


id: the-investigators-british-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Investigators_(British_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Investigators (British TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Investigators_(British_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:47.209849+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-investigators-british-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The Investigators is a BAFTA-nominated children's science program, presented by children, on Channel 4 in Great Britain. It showed various interesting experiments from how to blow a balloon up with yeast to building bridges. Other experiments included on the program were making salmon flavoured ice cream and making periscopes. It aired on Saturday morning. == References == == External links == The Investigators at IMDb


id: the-johns-hopkins-science-review-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Johns_Hopkins_Science_Review-0.md
category: reference
title: The Johns Hopkins Science Review
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Johns_Hopkins_Science_Review
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:48.864978+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-johns-hopkins-science-review-20260505-0
summary:
The Johns Hopkins Science Review is an American television series about science that was produced at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland from 1948-1955. Starting in 1950, the series aired on the DuMont Television Network until the network's demise in 1955. The series' creator was Lynn Poole, who wrote or co-wrote most of its episodes and acted as the on-camera host. The original series was followed by three related series produced by Poole at Johns Hopkins University: Tomorrow (1955), Tomorrow's Careers (1955–1956), and Johns Hopkins File 7 (1956–1960). Johns Hopkins University ended its production of television series in 1960. == Broadcast history == The original series aired from March 9, 1948, to March 6, 1955. Initially, the show was broadcast only in the Baltimore area. Starting with the December 17, 1948, episode, shows were broadcast by CBS from stations along the East Coast. As was typical in the early days of television broadcasting, each show was broadcast live from a studio at Johns Hopkins University. Each week's show involved one or more guests, often from the Johns Hopkins faculty and staff. Poole acted as the host and interviewer. The guest might show how a scientific apparatus such an electron microscope


id: die-knoff-hoff-show-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Knoff-Hoff-Show-0.md
category: reference
title: Die Knoff-Hoff-Show
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Knoff-Hoff-Show
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:50.124408+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: die-knoff-hoff-show-20260505-0
summary:
Die Knoff-Hoff-Show was a comedy science TV show on the German public broadcaster ZDF. The original series was broadcast between 1986 and 1999; it returned as Die große Knoff-Hoff-Show in 2002–04. The name is a joke German pronunciation of the English expression know-how. == Concept == The concept of the show was developed in the mid-1980s by Joachim Bublath, a TV presenter trained as a physicist. He was a presenter in all episodes. His co-presenters were Ramona Leiß, Babette Einstmann, Monica Lierhaus and Kim Fisher. The show explained scientific concepts by means of simple experiments that anyone could replicate. In addition, hobbyists were given the opportunity to present their inventions; these included a pretzel-cutting machine and a foam-throwing machine. Each week, the show included some "crazy" experiments by Knoff-Hoff Professor Charlie (played by Egon Keresztes); these were so absurd, they frequently went wrong. The Veterinary Street Jazz Band played the theme tune, an interpretation of the 1927 song "Ain’t She Sweet", first recorded by Lou Gold & His Orchestra, at the start and end of the program, and also brief musical interludes between segments. Die Knoff-Hoff-Show rapidly became one of the most successful science shows on German television. It was


id: les-aventures-lectriques-de-zeltron-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Aventures_électriques_de_Zeltron-0.md
category: reference
title: Les Aventures électriques de Zeltron
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Aventures_électriques_de_Zeltron
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:51.407939+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: les-aventures-lectriques-de-zeltron-20260505-0
summary:
Les Aventures électriques de Zeltron is an educational children's television series broadcast on Antenne 2's Récré A2 program in France and TVJQ in Quebec, Canada. The show was sponsored by Électricité de France (EDF) and was produced from 1979 to 1982. The companies D-3-mil and CIP Vidéo worked on the show and the staff included Marcel Dupouy. The show features an extraterrestrial named Zeltron (voiced by Michel Elias), who resembles a small greeninsulator with orange limbs and a bolt on top of his blue head, as he teaches electricity-related subjects and history. Some episodes include his adventures and conversations with Jo and Jessie, a boy and girl living on Earth. Episodes end with a question the viewer can answer through postcard. Another character is the robot Voltix. In the show's production, Zeltron and Voltix are marionettes with different colors than they appear in the show. A process was used to achieve cartoon-like visuals for the two characters. Early in the show's run, the backgrounds were illustrated before switching to reel footage. The character Zeltron was created by François Castan and made earlier appearances at the Salon de l'enfance and Les Visiteurs du mercredi in 1978. Zeltron was merchandised through products


id: life-on-fire-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_on_Fire-0.md
category: reference
title: Life on Fire
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_on_Fire
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:52.599899+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: life-on-fire-20260505-0
summary:
Life on Fire is a six-part television documentary series, created in 2009–12, about volcanoes. It was directed by Bertrand Loyer, Jacques Bedel, and François de Riberolles and was produced by Saint Thomas Productions of Marseille between 2009 and 2012. It was narrated by Jeremy Irons. The series was first broadcast in France as Le Peuple des Volcans, and had its American première on PBS on 2 January 2013. == Episodes == Ash Runners Animals in New Britain have adapted to live with the activity of the local volcano near the city of Rabaul. Directed by Bertrand Loyer and released in France on 18 March 2010. Original title: Les Vagabonds des Cendres. PBS first broadcast date: 30 January 2013. Pioneers of the Deep In the Tongan archipelago, the sooty tern and the Alvin shrimp cope when an underwater volcano becomes an island. Directed by Bertrand Loyer and released in France on 23 October 2010. Original title: Naissance d'Une Ile. PBS first broadcast date: 6 February 2013. The Surprise Salmon Volcanic activity in Alaska 2,000 years ago disrupted the spawning journey of sockeye salmon, leading them to Surprise Lake in the caldera of Mount Aniakchak. Directed by Bertrand Loyer and released in


id: mad-scientist-toon-club-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_Scientist_Toon_Club-0.md
category: reference
title: Mad Scientist Toon Club
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad_Scientist_Toon_Club
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:53.809192+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: mad-scientist-toon-club-20260505-0
summary:
Mad Scientist Toon Club (also known as Mad Scientist Kids Club) is an educational children's television show produced by Saban Entertainment that aired in US syndication from September 15, 1993 to January 25, 1994. Each hour-long program mixed live action segments hosted by the scientist character "Dr. π" and pre-existing Japanese animation, including Saban's Tic Tac Toons. Dr. Pi wore a green lab coat and a backwards baseball cap, surrounded by a colorful set, and presented experiments that children could perform at home. The format of the science portions was similar to Beakman's World and Bill Nye the Science Guy; all three were produced in response to the 1990 Children's Television Act, which mandated each broadcaster to air a minimum amount of educational programming. Tic Tac Toons was going to air on its own on Fox Family in 1998 but it never made it. == Episodes == This Mad Scientist Toon Club episode list was compiled from US Copyright Office listings. The episodes that aired on the same date were given a combined entry in the registry. == References == http://www.faqs.org/copyright/dex-at-bat-invasion-of-leawood-exit-nefaria-enter-barbaria-2/#id11534764 "Slick and Fast, Science Shows Emulate MTV" United States Copyright Office - Public Catalog Search (episode 1 is registration


id: the-magic-school-bus-rides-again-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_Rides_Again-0.md
category: reference
title: The Magic School Bus Rides Again
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_Rides_Again
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:55.063246+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-magic-school-bus-rides-again-20260505-0
summary:
The Magic School Bus Rides Again is an animated children's television series, based on the book series of the same name by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. Produced by Scholastic Entertainment and 9 Story Media Group, it serves as a continuation of the 1994–1997 PBS Kids series The Magic School Bus, with Lily Tomlin reprising her role as Ms. Frizzle. The series premiered on Netflix on September 29, 2017, and the second season premiered on April 13, 2018. The series made its television channel debut on Qubo on November 1, 2020, and aired until the channel ceased broadcasting on February 28, 2021. 3 45-minute specials, "Kids in Space", "The Frizz Connection", and "In the Zone", premiered on Netflix in 2020. A fourth special, "Goldstealer" was never released on Netflix but was instead released on a DVD, mainly in Canada. They were dedicated to Joanna Cole, the author of the original books, who died in 2020. == Plot == In the sequel to the original animated television series, the flagship Valerie Frizzle (now Professor Frizzle) gets her Ph.D. and retires from teaching at Walkerville Elementary School. She then hires her younger sister, Miss Fiona Frizzle, to teach the class, and passes


id: the-magic-school-bus-rides-again-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_Rides_Again-1.md
category: reference
title: The Magic School Bus Rides Again
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_Rides_Again
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:55.063246+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-magic-school-bus-rides-again-20260505-0
summary:
== Production == On June 10, 2014, the series was first announced by Netflix and Scholastic Media, and was titled The Magic School Bus 360°. The new iteration of the franchise features a modernized "Ms. Frizzle" (replacing Valerie with her younger sister Fiona) and a high-tech bus that stresses modern inventions such as robotics, wearables and camera technology. The hope is to captivate children's imaginations and motivate their interest in the sciences. It was produced by 9 Story Media Group. Producer Stuart Stone, who voiced Ralphie in the original series, stated that The Magic School Bus 360° will feature some of the original voice actors in different roles. The show's voice cast is based in Los Angeles, California, United States and Toronto, Ontario, Canada with Susan Blu as the Los Angeles voice director and Alyson Court as the Toronto voice director. In February 2017, Kate McKinnon was cast in the role of Ms. Frizzle (without clarifying it was Fiona, the younger sister of Valerie, now Professor Frizzle, still voiced by Tomlin). The series then changed its name to The Magic School Bus Rides Again. The series was released on Netflix on September 29, 2017. The second season was released on


id: the-magic-school-bus-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Magic School Bus (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:56.450096+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-magic-school-bus-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The Magic School Bus is an animated educational children's television series, based on the book series of the same name by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. Originally broadcast from 1994 to 1997, the series received critical acclaim for its use of celebrity voice talent, as well as combining entertainment with an educational series. The series stars Lily Tomlin as the voice of Ms. Frizzle. The theme song is performed by Little Richard. == Premise == The animated series follows the adventures of eccentric teacher Ms. Frizzle and her eight students as they explore the wonders of science on their exciting field trips. Their journey takes them to different locations, time periods, and encounters with various creatures, all while learning about science and the world around them. The school they attend, Walkerville Elementary, is set in the fictitious town of Walkerville. The characters travel all over the world and into space throughout the duration of the show. == Voice cast == === Main === Lily Tomlin as Ms. Valerie Frizzle Amos Crawley (season 1) and Danny Tamberelli (seasons 2–4) as Arnold Perlstein Daniel DeSanto as Carlos Ramon Tara Meyer as Dorothy Ann "D.A." Hudson Erica Luttrell as Keesha Franklin Maia Filar


id: the-magic-school-bus-tv-series-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_(TV_series)-1.md
category: reference
title: The Magic School Bus (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magic_School_Bus_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:56.450096+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-magic-school-bus-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
== Home media == The series (through home media) was released on VHS from 1995 to 2002, DVD from 2002 to 2013, DVD (by New Video Group) in Region 1 (which are the rereleases of the Warner Home Video DVDs) on July 31, 2012, and Netflix on August 15, 2013. The series was originally released on VHS. The series on VHS was distributed by WEA Corp. and Warner Home Video between 1995 and 2002. On DVD, it was distributed by Warner Home Video between 2002 and 2005. On July 31, 2012, New Video Group released the complete series on DVD in Region 1, as well as rereleases of the Warner Home Video DVDs. On August 15, 2013, Scholastic announced the complete series' availability on Netflix. Currently however only season 1 of the series is available to stream on Netflix. But the full series is available to stream on Peacock, and for free on Tubi, and The Roku Channel. == Reception == === Critical response === In a 2007 column for the online edition of The Wall Street Journal, Jason Fry expressed an overall appreciation for the series, but wrote that the episode "The Magic School Bus Gets Programmed" illustrated the


id: mars-american-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(American_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Mars (American TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(American_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:57.772621+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: mars-american-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Mars is a hard science-fiction television series produced by National Geographic that premiered on November 14, 2016, on its channel and FX. Prior to its official airdate, it was launched in a streaming format on November 1, 2016. It blends elements of real interviews with a fictional story of a group of astronauts as they land on the planet Mars. The series is based on the Stephen Petranek book How We'll Live on Mars (2015). The fictional narrative initially alternates between the years 2016 and 2033, using present-day non-fiction interviews to explain events unfolding in the story. Over the series, the fictional narrative progresses through to 2042 as the colony develops. The series was filmed in Budapest and Morocco. A companion book to the series, Mars: Our Future on the Red Planet (October 2016), details the science behind the show. A prequel episode, called Before Mars, was produced and released conjointly with the series. It tells the fictional story of a moment in the life of one of the astronauts and the decisions she made to get involved in science. On January 13, 2017, it was announced that National Geographic had renewed the series for a second season, which premiered


id: math-tinik-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Math-Tinik-0.md
category: reference
title: Math-Tinik
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Math-Tinik
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:45:59.556920+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: math-tinik-20260505-0
summary:
Math-Tinik (lit. 'math-thorn'; stylized as MATH-Tinik, a pun on the word “Matinik” which literally translates to “Thorny” but is often used to mean ‘sharp’ in terms of mental acuity) is a Philippine television educational show by ABS-CBN. Hosted by Angela Garcia, Lorena Garcia, Huey Remulla, Claudine Alejandro and Mark Guayco, it aired from January 7, 1997 to August 3, 2004. == Cast == Angela Garcia as Ms. Math-Tinik Lorena Garcia as Sheila Mae Huey Remulla as Charlie Claudine Alejandro as Patricia Mark Guayco as Joey Introduced in 2000 Herbie Go as Artmetic == Production == The series' headwriters are Catherina Calzo-Fournier and Andrea Delos Reyes, with the former later becoming editor-in-chief of the Pinas newspaper. One of the episode directors is Rene Guidote, who has also directed Sine'skwela, Bayani, Pahina and other educational series made by ABS-CBN Foundation. As with other educational television programs from the ABS-CBN Foundation and DECS, a single episode of Math-Tinik took between three and nine months to make from conception to approval. === Music === The "Math-Tinik Theme" was sung by Cris Villonco, with lyrics by Ting-ting Calzo-Fournier and music composed by Jungee Marcelo. The series composers were Noel Argosino, Froilan Malimban, and Noel Manalo,


id: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe-0.md
category: reference
title: The Mechanical Universe
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:00.901203+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-0
summary:
The Mechanical Universe...And Beyond is a 52-part telecourse, filmed at the California Institute of Technology, that introduces university level physics, covering topics from Copernicus to quantum mechanics. The 1985-86 series was produced by Caltech and INTELECOM, a nonprofit consortium of California community colleges now known as Intelecom Learning, with financial support from Annenberg/CPB. The series, which aired on PBS affiliate stations before being distributed on LaserDisc and eventually YouTube, is known for its use of computer animation. == Overview == Produced starting in 1982, the videos make heavy use of historical dramatizations and visual aids to explain physics concepts. The latter were state of the art at the time, incorporating almost eight hours of computer animation created by computer graphics pioneer Jim Blinn along with assistants Sylvie Rueff and Tom Brown at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Each episode opens and closes with bookend segments in which Caltech professor David Goodstein, speaking in a lecture hall, delivers explanations "that can't quite be put into the mouth of our affable, faceless narrator". After more than a quarter century, the series is still often used as a supplemental teaching aid, for its clear explanation of fundamental concepts such as special relativity. The bookend


id: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe-1.md
category: reference
title: The Mechanical Universe
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:00.901203+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-0
summary:
== Production details == The room seen in the bookend segments is the Bridge lecture hall at Caltech. Many of the extras were students from other schools, and the front rows of the lecture hall were deliberately filled with more women than would have typically been seen at Caltech lectures. The TV production team added fake wood paneling to the lecture hall so that it would more closely resemble that seen in the show The Paper Chase. Later, the Caltech physics department was sufficiently impressed by the result that panels were installed permanently. Many seats in the lecture hall had to be removed in order to make room for the camera track and studio lights. To cover this, additional reaction shots of a full lecture hall were filmed later, so that the illusion of a complete audience could be created in editing. For most of the footage of Goodstein himself, only two rows of students were present. Many other video segments were shot on location, for example at a Linde industrial plant that produced liquid air. Historical scenes were often made to be generic, in order to facilitate their reuse across multiple episodes: "Young Newton strolls through an apple orchard,


id: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe-2.md
category: reference
title: The Mechanical Universe
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:00.901203+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-0
summary:
=== Initial responses === PBS and The Learning Channel began broadcasting The Mechanical Universe in September 1985. During the fall of 1986, roughly 100 PBS stations carried The Mechanical Universe, and by the fall of 1987, over 600 higher-education institutions had purchased it or licensed the episodes for use. In 1992, Goodstein noted that the series had been broadcast, via PBS, by over 100 stations, "usually at peculiar hours when innocent people were unlikely to tune in accidentally on a differential equation in the act of being solved". He observed that detailed viewership figures were difficult to obtain, but when the show had been broadcast in Miami during Saturday mornings, the producers were able to obtain Nielsen ratings.In fact, it came in second in its time slot, beating the kiddie cartoons on two network stations. There were 18,000 faithful core households in Dade County alone, the median age of the viewers was 18, and half were female. However, we seldom get that kind of detailed information.Goodstein and assistant project director Richard Olenick noted:Anecdotal information in the form of letters and phone calls indicates very considerable enthusiasm among users at all levels from casual viewers to high-school students to research university


id: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-3
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe-3.md
category: reference
title: The Mechanical Universe
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:00.901203+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-mechanical-universe-20260505-0
summary:
== Awards == In 1987, "The Lorentz Transformation" (episode 42) was awarded the sixteenth annual Japan Prize for educational television. Other awards received by The Mechanical Universe include the 1986 Gold Award from the Birmingham International Film Festival, two "Cindy" awards from the International Association of Audio Visual Communicators (1987 and 1988), a Gold Award (1985) and a Silver Award (1987) from the International Film and TV Festival of New York, Silver (1986) and Gold Apple (1987) awards from the National Educational Film and Video Festival, and a Gold Plaque (1985) from the Chicago International Film Festival. Goodstein received the 1999 Oersted Medal for his work in physics education, including The Mechanical Universe. For his contributions to the field of computer graphics, including his animations for Cosmos, The Mechanical Universe and Project Mathematics!, Blinn received a MacArthur fellowship in 1991, as well as the 1999 Steven A. Coons Award. == Portrayal of Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse == Like many introductory physics texts, The Mechanical Universe cites the spectacular 1940 collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge as an example of resonance, using footage of the disaster in the "Resonance" episode. However, as more-recent expositions have emphasized, the catastrophic oscillations that destroyed


id: mega-movie-magic-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega_Movie_Magic-0.md
category: reference
title: Mega Movie Magic
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mega_Movie_Magic
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:02.635474+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: mega-movie-magic-20260505-0
summary:
Mega Movie Magic is an American television program that was shown on Discovery Channel as part of its Sunday morning children-targeted line-up. The program explored special effects used in films. It was produced by GRB Entertainment. The program was nominated for a CableAce Award in 1998, and "drew healthy ratings" in its first season. It began in 1998 as the children's version of Discovery Channel's 1994–97 program, Movie Magic, and was shown during 2004. == References ==


id: men-of-rock-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_of_Rock-0.md
category: reference
title: Men of Rock
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_of_Rock
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:03.931440+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: men-of-rock-20260505-0
summary:
Men of Rock is a 2010 TV series produced by the BBC about pioneering geologists working in Scotland. It is presented by Professor Iain Stewart. == Episodes == Deep Time 1/3 The story of James Hutton, the founding father of geology. Moving Mountains 2/3 An examination of how geologist Edward Bailey discovered Scotland once had super volcanoes. The Big Freeze 3/3 The story of Louis Agassiz, who first proposed that the earth had experienced an ice age. == References == == External links == Men of Rock at BBC Online Men of Rock at IMDb


id: the-metric-marvels-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Metric_Marvels-0.md
category: reference
title: The Metric Marvels
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Metric_Marvels
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:05.126817+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-metric-marvels-20260505-0
summary:
The Metric Marvels is a 1978–1979 series of seven animated educational shorts featuring songs about meters, liters, Celsius, and grams, designed to teach American children how to use the metric system. They were produced by Newall & Yohe, the same advertising agency which produced ABC's Schoolhouse Rock! series, and first aired on the NBC television network in September 1978. The spots were shown three times each Saturday during the children's programming block for the 1978–79 season. Voices for the Metric Marvels shorts include Lynn Ahrens, Bob Dorough, Bob Kaliban, and Paul Winchell. == Origins == On December 23, 1975, President Gerald Ford signed the Metric Conversion Act into law; this act gave official sanction for the United States to convert to the metric system of measurement. At the time the United States mainly used the U.S. Customary system. Ford's presidential successor, Jimmy Carter, began to implement this law in earnest, helping to set up the U.S. Metric Board as a task force to determine when and how the U.S. would convert to metric. The USMB suggested that the transition ought to be voluntary and gradual, taking place over at least a ten-year period. As part of this gradual transition, the


id: the-miracle-of-life-documentary-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Miracle_of_Life_(documentary)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Miracle of Life (documentary)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Miracle_of_Life_(documentary)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:06.348122+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-miracle-of-life-documentary-20260505-0
summary:
The Miracle of Life is a documentary film about the human reproductive process. The film won multiple awards including a Peabody and an Emmy when it was broadcast as part of the American TV series Nova. Photographed by Lennart Nilsson, the program originally aired in Sweden on November 26, 1982 under the title of "The Saga of Life." The BBC acquired the episode for the documentary series Horizon and aired it that same month. Many scenes were edited and the intro in both the Horizon and Nova versions are different, as well as the ending scene where the baby was born. The Nova version of the film was broadcast on PBS on February 15, 1983. It was written and produced by Bebe Nixon and narrated by Anita Sangiolo. A sequel called "Life's Greatest Miracle" aired on November 20, 2001 on PBS using microimagery taken by Lennart Nilsson with narration by John Lithgow. == Awards == The episode won the following awards: 1984 American Film Festival Blue Ribbon American Film Festival Emily Award Ohio State Award San Francisco International Film Festival Award 1983 Emmy Award George Foster Peabody Award ALA Notable Children's Videos == References == == External links == The


id: the-mr-science-show-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mr._Science_Show-0.md
category: reference
title: The Mr. Science Show
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mr._Science_Show
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:07.520863+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-mr-science-show-20260505-0
summary:
The Mr. Science Show was a lecture based science television program for children developed by Tim Perkins, which aired weekly in the 1990s on Time Warner Cable's Public-access television cable TV channel. The program was produced in Melbourne, Florida, United States. The show utilized simple science experiments, silly stories, and stunts to explain specific concepts in science. == History == A Central Florida cable television program titled Cable Goes To School, which was produced by Time Warner Cable, aired a segment introducing a series of live science education shows at a small theatre in Melbourne, Florida. The live science education shows initially were developed to promote The Science Fare science supply stores. After airing the program, which explained magnets and magnetism, the first standalone episodes of The Mr. Science Show were produced to feature additional science topics. With Tim Perkins in the role of Mr. Science, a name bestowed by the children in the audience. The first standalone episodes of the Mr. Science Show were produced with each show featuring an in depth review of a particular science topic. The Mr. Science Show first aired on Time Warner Cable as a Public-access television show in 1992 with Tim Perkins as


id: the-nature-of-things-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nature_of_Things-0.md
category: reference
title: The Nature of Things
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nature_of_Things
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:10.036859+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-nature-of-things-20260505-0
summary:
The Nature of Things (formerly, The Nature of Things with David Suzuki) is a Canadian television series of documentary programs. It debuted on CBC Television on 6 November 1960. Many of the programs document nature and the effect that humans have on it, although the program's overall scope includes documentaries on any aspect of science. The program "was one of the first mainstream programs to present scientific evidence on a number of environmental issues, including nuclear power and genetic engineering". The series is named after an epic poem by Roman philosopher Lucretius: "De rerum natura"—On the Nature of Things. == History == The first host was Donald Ivey, with Patterson Hume co-hosting many episodes. Following Ivey's departure, the second season continued with several guest hosts, including Lister Sinclair, Donald Crowdis, and John Livingston. David Suzuki became the show's host and narrator in 1979, a position he held until his retirement from the series at the end of the 2022 season. He was succeeded by co-hosts Sarika Cullis-Suzuki (David's daughter) and Anthony Morgan. The series has won many awards and Suzuki has won three Gemini Awards and one ACTRA Award as best host. Documentarian William Whitehead has also been a frequent


id: newton-s-apple-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_Apple-0.md
category: reference
title: Newton's Apple
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_Apple
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:11.417519+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: newton-s-apple-20260505-0
summary:
Newton's Apple is an American educational television program produced and developed by KTCA of Minneapolis–Saint Paul, and distributed to PBS stations in the United States that ran from October 15, 1983, to January 3, 1998, with reruns continuing until October 31, 1999. The show's title is based on the legend of Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree and an apple falling near him—more popularly, on his head—prompting him to ponder what makes things fall, leading to the development of his theory of gravitation (an event often loosely described as him "discovering" gravity). The show was produced by Twin Cities Public Television (TPT). For most of the run, the show's theme song was Ruckzuck by Kraftwerk, later remixed by Absolute Music. Earlier and later episodes of the show featured an original song. Ira Flatow was the show's first host during the first five seasons and in the 6th season, he was replaced by David Heil, then assistant director of the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry (OMSI). In the 5th season, Peggy Knapp joined the show as a field reporter and later became the co-host in the 13th season. The last three seasons were hosted by the team of Peggy


id: newton-s-apple-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_Apple-1.md
category: reference
title: Newton's Apple
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_Apple
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:11.417519+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: newton-s-apple-20260505-0
summary:
=== Season 5 (1987–1988) === Plastic Surgery; High-Speed Bicycles; "Lemons"; Ailing Whale (October 10, 1987) Treasure Diving; Blackboard Chat; "Lemons"; Mothballs & Wintergreen (October 17, 1987) Polar Expedition; Inventors' Fair; Sea Otter (October 24, 1987) Submarine; Budgies In A Truck; Uvula Chat; Lemons, Sea World Science Day (October 31, 1987) Tornado; Exploratorium; Laryngitis Chat; "Lemons"; Beach Science (November 7, 1987) Neon Lights; Rube Goldberg; Aspirin Chat; "Lemons"; Puffins (November 14, 1987) MRI; Segment Update; Stars Twinkle Chat; "Lemons"; Kitchen Science (November 21, 1987) Cavities; Snowflakes; Reflexes Chat; "Lemons"; Arctic Fox (November 28, 1987) Cocaine Addiction; Laundry Science; "Lemons"; Sled Dogs (December 5, 1987) Child Development; Bridges; "Lemons"; Octopus (December 12, 1987) Sailing; Skin Lotion Chat; "Lemons"; Jelly Fish (December 19, 1987) Bureau Of Standards; Gravity Contest; Upset Stomach Chat; "Lemons"; Kelp Forest (December 26, 1987) Gymnastics; Computer Vision; "Lemons"; Golden Monkeys (January 2, 1988) === Season 6 (1988–1989) === Skydiving; Facial Symmetry; "Lemons"; Baby Orangutans (October 15, 1988) Movie Creatures; Cholesterol; "Lemons"; Suntan; Vulture (October 22, 1988) Microsurgery; Strobes; Coordination Chat; "Lemons"; Aardvark (October 29, 1988) Air Traffic Control; Feet; Bell Curves; Tracking Bears (November 5, 1988) Clouds; Rube Goldberg; Skin Itch Chat; Home Runs; Cold Remedies (November 12, 1988)


id: newton-s-apple-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_Apple-2.md
category: reference
title: Newton's Apple
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_Apple
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:11.417519+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: newton-s-apple-20260505-0
summary:
=== Season 12 (1994–1995) === Hang Gliding; Karate; Robin Leach; Elephant (October 15, 1994) Sled Dogs; Arctic Travel; Life In Camp; Arctic Weather (October 22, 1994) Aircraft Carrier; Brain; Carrier Life (October 29, 1994) Brain Mapping; Garlic; Sunscreens; Tasmanian Devil (November 5, 1994) Movie Dinosaurs; Bread Chemistry; Scott Hamilton; Wallaby (November 12, 1994) Movie Sound Effects; Sun; Globetrotters; Hedgehog (November 19, 1994) Dinosaur Extinction; Floods; Blue Seas; Siberian Tiger (November 26, 1994) Internet; Antibiotics; Panning For Gold; Taxidermy (December 3, 1994) Ethnobotany; Hubble Telescope; Inventors' Fair; Komodo Dragons (December 10, 1994) Raptor Hospital; Photography; Skipping Stones; Snakes (December 17, 1994) Redwoods; Electricity; Monuments; Red Fox (December 24, 1994) Printing Money; Gravity; Nature Labs (December 31, 1994) Bridges; Earthquakes; Chroma-Key; Grizzly Bear (January 7, 1995) === Season 13 (1995–1996) === Waterskiing; Reflexes; Escalator; Fat-Free Foods (October 14, 1995) Circus High Wire; Mummies; Bug Spray; Armadillo (October 21, 1995) Maya Bike Trek; Hearing; Parachutes; Owls (October 28, 1995) Balloon Safari; Grasslands; Maasai Mara; Mara Animals (November 4, 1995) Ice Surfing; DNA Fingerprinting; Bubble Gum; Cold Remedies (November 11, 1995) Aircraft Fire Rescue; Balloons; Knives; Science Home Videos (November 18, 1995) Simulator Rides; Dolphin Communication; Parade Technology; Laser Show (November 25, 1995) Hazardous


id: nigel-latta-blows-stuff-up-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Latta_Blows_Stuff_Up-0.md
category: reference
title: Nigel Latta Blows Stuff Up
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Latta_Blows_Stuff_Up
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:12.732333+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: nigel-latta-blows-stuff-up-20260505-0
summary:
Nigel Latta Blows Stuff Up is a New Zealand science television series that started on 19 April 2015, hosted by Nigel Latta. == Watch options == Curiosity Stream Apple TV TVNZ+ == References ==


id: nina-and-the-neurons-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_and_the_Neurons-0.md
category: reference
title: Nina and the Neurons
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_and_the_Neurons
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:13.925688+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: nina-and-the-neurons-20260505-0
summary:
Nina and the Neurons is a British live action/animated television programme shown on the CBeebies channel, aimed at young children to help them understand basic science. Nina is a neuroscientist who enlists the help of five Neurons (animated characters representing the senses) in her brain to answer a scientific question. It was first aired on 26 February 2007. The show was produced by Lucille McLaughlin, who has also produced the children's programmes like Balamory, Me Too! and Bits and Bobs. The series is commissioned by CBeebies Controller, Michael Carrington. == Synopsis == Most of the show was based at Glasgow Science Centre, with a little part taking place outdoors. At the start of the show, Nina conducts experiments in front of an unseen audience of children. At one point of the show, Nina is 'contacted' by (usually two or three, but rarely four) children, who appear on a computer screen asking a science-related question (e.g., 'What makes rainbows appear and disappear?') Nina then chooses one (or more) of the five Neurons inside her brain based upon which of the senses is most appropriate to answer the question. Once the Neuron has been selected by Nina, the children (called the 'experimenters')


id: nina-and-the-neurons-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_and_the_Neurons-1.md
category: reference
title: Nina and the Neurons
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina_and_the_Neurons
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:13.925688+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: nina-and-the-neurons-20260505-0
summary:
Hide And Seek: Luke Getting Goosebumps: Felix Nina's Cake Bake: All Neurons I Can See A Rainbow: Luke Terrific Teeth: Bud Touching The Clouds: Felix Smelly Feet: Ollie In A Spin: Belle Bubble Trouble: Luke Fun in the Sun: Felix Tummy Rumbles: All Neurons Finding Flowers: Luke And Ollie Lovely Lollies: Bud Brilliant Bones: Felix Rumbling Thunder: Belle Nina Gets Nosey: Ollie What A Fright: Felix Let's Hear It For Ears: Belle Making Waves: Luke Splish Splash: Felix Baby Talk: Bud Funny Honey: All Neurons Digging Dogs: Luke And Ollie When the Wind Blows: Belle Tremendous Toes: Felix === Go Eco! (2008) === The third series – Go Eco!, premiered on 13 June 2008 and continued on weekly until 15 August. It was commissioned as part of CBeebies' year-long green initiative called EcoBeebies, and so episodes focus on green-related topics. For this series only, the Experimenters wore green T-shirts instead of the light blue or red ones in other series. Branching Out: Luke Food, Glorious Food: Ollie And Bud Keeping Cosy: Felix Super Slimy Slugs: Luke Mouldy Food: Luke Something Fishy: Felix Recycling: Luke Flying High: Felix Monkey Business: Bud Every Drop Counts: Luke === Go Inventing (2009) === The


id: nova-american-tv-program-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_(American_TV_program)-0.md
category: reference
title: Nova (American TV program)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_(American_TV_program)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:15.308994+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: nova-american-tv-program-20260505-0
summary:
Nova (stylized as NOVΛ) is an American popular science television program produced by WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts, since 1974. It is broadcast on PBS in the United States, and in more than 100 other countries. The program has won many major television awards. Nova often includes interviews with scientists doing research in the subject areas covered and occasionally includes footage of a particular discovery. Some episodes have focused on the history of science. Examples of topics covered include the following: Colditz Castle, the Drake equation, elementary particles, the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Fermat's Last Theorem, the AIDS epidemic, global warming, moissanite, Project Jennifer, storm chasing, Unterseeboot 869, Vinland, Tarim mummies, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The Nova programs have been praised for their pacing, writing, and editing. Websites that accompany the segments have also won awards. == Episodes == == History == Nova was first aired on March 3, 1974. The show was created by Michael Ambrosino, inspired by the BBC 2 television series Horizon, which Ambrosino had seen while working in the UK. In the early years, many Nova episodes were either co-productions with the BBC Horizon team, or other documentaries originating outside of the United States, with


id: once-upon-a-time-planet-earth-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Planet_Earth-0.md
category: reference
title: Once Upon a Time... Planet Earth
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Planet_Earth
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:16.506433+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: once-upon-a-time-planet-earth-20260505-0
summary:
Once Upon a Time... Planet Earth (French: Il était une fois... notre Terre) is a children's television educational animated series directed by Albert Barillé. It is the seventh series in the Once Upon a Time... franchise. The series was produced by Procidis and France 3 with the support of the Centre National de la Cinematographie, the Directorate-General for Research of the European Commission and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The series was initially broadcast since 22 December 2008 on France 3. Its original premise was set up from "Once Upon a Time... the Earth (and Tomorrow?)", the final episode of the first series Once Upon a Time... Man, thus finally going back to the beginning where it all started and ended. The series' premiere also coincided with the 30th anniversary milestone of the franchise. == Episodes == Planet guards Climate I: Far North Water in India Water in Sahel Amazon forest Energies exhaustion Fair trade Oceans in danger Ecosystems Water of the World Poverty Forests of the world Excessive fishing Climate II: Origins Farming Biodiversity Climate III: Effects Recycling Women of the World Children's labour New energies House and city Climate IV: Solutions Children: Health and Education Technologies Tomorrow ==


id: once-upon-a-time-space-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Space-0.md
category: reference
title: Once Upon a Time... Space
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Space
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:17.876867+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: once-upon-a-time-space-20260505-0
summary:
Once Upon a Time... Space (French: Il était une fois… l'Espace) is a science fiction animated television series created and directed by Albert Barillé. It is the second series in the Once Upon a Time... franchise. It reprises almost all of the characters from its predecessor, Once Upon a Time... Man, and adapts them into a science fiction futuristic context. The series was produced by French studio Procidis in co-production with France Régions (FR3, France), Société Radio-Canada (Canada), Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI, Italy), Katholieke Radio Omroep (KRO, Netherlands), Televisión Española (TVE, Spain), Crustel (Argentina), and Eiken (Japan) who was the one who made the animation. The series premiered in France on FR3, between 2 October 1982 and 2 April 1983, and it was subsequently broadcast on the channels of the rest of the broadcasters that participated in the production dubbed into their own language. The show was animated in Japan by the animation studio Eiken, and is thus considered an anime as it also aired in Japan on Fuji Television, albeit not until 1984, under the title Galaxy Patrol PJ. In contrast to the show's success in the West, the series' Japanese broadcast was consigned to an early-morning time slot and


id: once-upon-a-time-space-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Space-1.md
category: reference
title: Once Upon a Time... Space
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Space
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:17.876867+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: once-upon-a-time-space-20260505-0
summary:
Colonel Pierre. He is the head of the Omega Space Police and the husband of the President of the Confederation. He is a happily married man, strict and highly moral. Pierrette. President of the Omega Confederation, wife of Pierre, and mother of Pierrot. She is a smiling figure and a skilled politician. She governs by building consensus among Council members. Pierrot. He is the son of Colonel Pierre and President Pierrette. He joined the Space Police of the Omega Confederation after completing his studies. He finds himself in command of a dragonfly-type vessel. He starts the series with the rank of lieutenant, and he later becomes a captain. His promotion is a reward for his bravery in saving the Earth from an attack by a remote-controlled rocket. He is a kind, brave man with a curious mind and a thirst for discovery. Mercedes, nicknamed "Psi". She is a young Hispanic woman, calm and involved. She is particularly intuitive, precognitive, a telepath, and a skilled hypnotist. She tries repeatedly to convince Pierrot that her precognitions are both relevant and accurate. He initially distrusts her visions, a source of conflict among them. Gradually, Pierrot comes to trust her more. The characters are


id: once-upon-a-time-space-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Space-2.md
category: reference
title: Once Upon a Time... Space
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time..._Space
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:17.876867+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: once-upon-a-time-space-20260505-0
summary:
=== Theme music and song === The series' eponymous theme song was performed in the original French-language version by Jean-Pierre Savelli. An alternate version was recorded for the compilation feature film Revenge of the Humanoids, and was performed by Virginia Vee. The song was released as a single in 1982 by RCA Records (PB 61015), along with a condensed audio adaptation of the episode "Du Cote d’Andromède" (PL 37720). A second single of the song was issued in 1983 with another Savelli song "Humanoïdes" (PB 61074); the lyrics were later translated in the English-language dub, retitled as "Fly with Me", this version was also sung by Virginia Vee. === Score === The incidental score made sure use of blending Legrand's signature jazz-funk with synthesized electronic music; most of the instrumental music from the series would later be reused for later Once Upon a Time... series, starting with Life. A soundtrack album collecting all the incidental music of the series was first released in 1999 by Procidis (56101), and later reissued in 2001 by Loga-Rythme (LR-677004) as a part of the Anime Classique range. == See also == List of French animated television series == Notes == == References == ==


id: outrageous-acts-of-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrageous_Acts_of_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Outrageous Acts of Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrageous_Acts_of_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:19.112069+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: outrageous-acts-of-science-20260505-0
summary:
Outrageous Acts of Science is a science program shown on Science Channel in the United States, featuring a fast-paced countdown of the top 20 internet videos in each episode. The series first aired in the United Kingdom on Discovery International with the title You Have Been Warned. The program features homemade science experiments and stunts, often accompanied by warnings of "don't try this at home" when doing so might endanger the viewer. For the U.S. TV network, it was the top-rated show of 2015. Each episode focuses on a particular science theme that features the cleverest, funniest, most daring, or just downright bizarre clips, along with an explanation and breakdown from science and engineering experts, including Hakeem Oluseyi, Debbie Berebichez, Carin Bondar and also-comedians Helen Arney, Matt Parker, Adam Ruben, and Tom Wrigglesworth, among others. The expert panel's explanations are accompanied by storytelling motion graphics and an explanation of what, how and why these clips were scientifically possible. Outrageous Acts of Science is narrated by Tim Dadabo, while Gareth Cornick voices You Have Been Warned for Europe. In mid 2017, the last ten episodes of season seven aired on Discovery Channel (Australia) as Dr. Karl's Outrageous Acts of Science, hosted


id: outrageous-acts-of-science-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrageous_Acts_of_Science-1.md
category: reference
title: Outrageous Acts of Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrageous_Acts_of_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:19.112069+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: outrageous-acts-of-science-20260505-0
summary:
=== Season 3 === Fact or Fake? - January 17, 2015 - Underwater BASE jumping and a billiards trick shot. License to Thrill - January 24, 2015 Kings of Creation - January 31, 2015 - Ridiculous inventions, like a car that skips a jump rope, a robot that always wins at Rock Paper Scissors, and a single-wheeled motorbike. Born to Be Wild - February 7, 2015 - More daredevils, including an avalanche survivor, a man who can hold his breath for more than 22 minutes, and one who walks between hot-air balloons a few thousand feet (over a kilometer) above ground. Grand Masters - February 14, 2015 - A man drifting two cars at once, a snake able to open a door, and a three-year-old basketball player. Tested on Humans - February 21, 2015 - A man who pops his eyes out of their sockets, contagious yawning, and a bike helmet with an emergency airbag. Lord of the Elements - February 28, 2015 - A skydiver with a jetpack, levitating objects, and a solar car. Cowboys of Chaos - March 7, 2015 - A homemade cannon, exploded houses, and magnets that can crush a person's hand. Epic Fails - March


id: peep-and-the-big-wide-world-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peep_and_the_Big_Wide_World-0.md
category: reference
title: Peep and the Big Wide World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peep_and_the_Big_Wide_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:20.267316+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: peep-and-the-big-wide-world-20260505-0
summary:
Peep and the Big Wide World is an animated preschool television series created by Danish-Canadian animator Kaj Pindal. It revolves around the lives of three birds named Peep, Chirp, and Quack, as they discover, investigate, and explore the world around them. The show was based on the 1988 short film of the same name produced by the National Film Board of Canada, which itself is based on the 1962 short film The Peep Show, also produced by the National Film Board of Canada. The series premiered on April 12, 2004, on Discovery Kids and on TLC as part of their Ready Set Learn! children's block in the United States, and on TVOKids in Canada. It was produced by WGBH in Boston (through its kids division WGBH Kids), 9 Story Media Group (formerly 9 Story Entertainment; in its debut production), Eggbox LLC, the National Film Board of Canada, and Discovery Kids Studios (seasons 1–3), in association with TVOntario and Discovery Kids, and is distributed by Alliance Atlantis (through AAC Kids for the first season). Throughout its run, it was underwritten by the National Science Foundation, with Northrop Grumman underwriting season four in 2010. Each episode consists of two 9-minute stories, which


id: peep-and-the-big-wide-world-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peep_and_the_Big_Wide_World-1.md
category: reference
title: Peep and the Big Wide World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peep_and_the_Big_Wide_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:20.267316+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: peep-and-the-big-wide-world-20260505-0
summary:
=== Minor === Ant (voiced by Robert Tinkler) is a very busy male ant who is leader of the ants. Bat (voiced by Ron Rubin in season 1 and Ron Pardo in season 2) is a very shy bat. Beaver Boy (voiced by Tessa Marshall in seasons 1–3 and Amanda Gryniewski in seasons 4–5) is a young naïve male beaver who lives in an adjoining pond to Quack's pond. He appears in several episodes. His desire to please his mom and dad often results in him chewing down too many trees. He often calls Quack "Blue Sailor", Peep "Yellow Guy", and Chirp "Red Round". Beaver Dad (voiced by Phillip Williams) is Beaver Boy's businesslike father. Beaver Mom (voiced by Kathleen Laskey in season 1 and Debra McGrath seasons 2–3) is Beaver Boy's workaholic mother. Blue Jays (voiced by David Huband and Kathleen Laskey for male and female, resp.) are very silly blue and white birds who love to cause lots of trouble when they see stuff. Bunnies (voiced by Melanie Tonello, Raquel Cadilha, Alexander Conti, resp. in seasons 1–2; Avigail Humphreys and Riele Downs in seasons 4–5) are inhabitants who live in rabbit holes. In season 1, three bunnies who


id: peep-and-the-big-wide-world-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peep_and_the_Big_Wide_World-2.md
category: reference
title: Peep and the Big Wide World
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peep_and_the_Big_Wide_World
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:20.267316+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: peep-and-the-big-wide-world-20260505-0
summary:
=== United States === Peep and the Big Wide World was originally broadcast on TLC and Discovery Kids — the latter as part of the Ready Set Learn! preschool block — from April 12, 2004, to September 14, 2007. Carriage on the Discovery children's networks ended on October 8, 2010, when Discovery Kids discontinued the block and reruns of the first three seasons to make way for the new network to launch known as The Hub on October 10. WGBH began airing the series on August 1, 2004, and it was later offered to public television stations via independent public television distributor American Public Television from April 1, 2007, to January 3, 2018. The last two seasons were broadcast exclusively on select local public television stations with episodes distributed by APT from January 4, 2010 to October 14, 2011, though second-runs of previous episodes began as early as April 1, 2007. APT continued distributing reruns until January 3, 2018, well after commercial networks dropped the program. A total of 60 episodes (120 segments) were broadcast. Beginning on January 1, 2018, distribution and reruns of Peep and the Big Wide World began airing on the 24-hour PBS Kids channel, marking the


id: planet-earth-1986-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Planet Earth (1986 TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:21.577721+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: planet-earth-1986-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Planet Earth is a seven-episode 1986 PBS television documentary series focusing on the Earth, narrated by Richard Kiley. Planet Earth explores geoscience and how discoveries of the early and mid-1980s were revolutionizing mankind's understanding of the Earth's past, present, and future. It also highlights scientific discoveries not yet fully understood and still under study in the mid-1980s. The series explores the Earth's origins, history, and structure; the forces that operate continually to alter its surface; its oceans; its climate; its natural resources; its biosphere and the effects of life on the physical world; its relationship to the Sun and other bodies in the Solar System; and its possible future in the face of pressures the growing human population places on the natural world. The BBC used the same title for its 2006 series, but the two series are completely unrelated and quite different in focus and content. == Production == Produced by WQED in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in association with the National Academy of Sciences as the centerpiece for a college-credit telecourse, Planet Earth was filmed over a period of four years on all seven continents and from the ocean bottom to earth orbit. The Annenberg/CPB Project and IBM funded production


id: planet-earth-1986-tv-series-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)-1.md
category: reference
title: Planet Earth (1986 TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:21.577721+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: planet-earth-1986-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
== Episode list == "The Living Machine" (aired January 22, 1986) – The episode discusses plate tectonics and geologic time, highlighting the work of James Hutton, Alfred Wegener, Harry Hess, Allan V. Cox, Brent Dalrymple, Frederick Vine, and Drummond Matthews, and discussing how geologists study layers of rock to read billions of years of the Earth's history. Topics covered include radiometric dating, seafloor spreading, magnetic field reversals, earthquakes, volcanism, subduction, and hotspots, how continents grow through accretion, how geophysicists study the interior of the Earth and what they have discovered, the theory of "microplate tectonics," how computer simulations have recreated the effects of continental drift on the world's geography over time from the prehistoric supercontinent Pangaea to the world of today, and how plate tectonics may have shaped the migratory behaviors of some animals. In addition to showing scientists studying the Kilauea volcano in Hawaii and using the research submarine Alvin to explore the Atlantic Ocean's Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the episode visits the Grand Canyon; Scotland's Arthur's Seat, Salisbury Crags, and Siccar Point; California's Owens Valley and San Andreas Fault; New Madrid, Missouri; and Ascension Island. "The Blue Planet" (aired January 29, 1986) – The episode discusses major new revelations about


id: planet-earth-1986-tv-series-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)-2.md
category: reference
title: Planet Earth (1986 TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:21.577721+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: planet-earth-1986-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The episode visits the Hillman Hall of Minerals and Gems at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; ancient copper mining sites on Cyprus; the kuroko mines of Japan; deep-sea black smokers off the coast of Mexico in a dive aboard the research submersible Alvin; the Kid Creek Mine in northern Canada; the Bushveld Complex in South Africa; the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Hawaii; western Tennessee; Benares, the River Ganges, and the Ganges Delta in India; the Mississippi Delta in Louisiana; a cedar swamp in the process of forming a peat bog in Maine; offshore oil platforms in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland; Sudan; the NASA Ames Research Center in San Francisco, California; the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California; and the Cuprite Hills of Nevada. "The Solar Sea" (aired February 26, 1986) – The episode explores the Earth's relationship with the Sun. It discusses ancient religious beliefs involving Sun worship; the disappearance of the Anasazi culture in what is now the Four Corners region of the western United States; the influence of the Sun on climate, weather, and ocean currents; sunspots, their causes and cycles, and the Maunder Minimum; how the


id: the-planets-1999-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(1999_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Planets (1999 TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(1999_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:23.348414+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-planets-1999-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The Planets is a documentary miniseries produced by the BBC and A&E and released in 1999. The series was remastered in 2004. It documents the Solar System and its nature, formation, and discovery by humans during the Space Age. The series of eight episodes includes a substantial amount of archival footage from both the United States and Soviet space programs. It also depicts the Solar System through computer graphics. There were a total of eight episodes produced for the series. The series featured appearances from famous pioneering space scientists and explorers, and was narrated by Samuel West in the original 1999 edition, and Mark Halliley in the 2004 remastered edition. == Episodes == Commentators in episode 1 include Hal Levison, George Wetherill, and David Levy. Commentators in episode 4 include Apollo 17 Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmidt, while episode 5 features Apollo 12 Commander Charles Conrad and solar physicist Eugene Parker (of whom the NASA Parker Solar Probe was named in tribute), episode 6 retired USAF Colonel and Project Excelsiot pilot Joe Kittinger, and episode 8 Apollo 17 Commander and last human to walk on the Moon Eugene Cernan. Commentators in episode 5 include Douglas Gough. It also talks about


id: the-planets-2019-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(2019_TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Planets (2019 TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Planets_(2019_TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:24.605157+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-planets-2019-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The Planets is a 2019 BBC/PBS/Tencent/Open University television documentary series about the Solar System presented by Professor Brian Cox in the UK version and Zachary Quinto in the US version. First broadcast on BBC Two beginning Tuesday 28 May 2019, the five-episode series looks at each planet in detail, examining scientific theories and hypotheses about the formation and evolution of the Solar System gained by uncrewed missions to the planets. Originally released in the UK, it was changed to cater more to the American audience watching on PBS's series Nova. Cox presents segments to camera from various locations around the world alongside extensive computer-generated imagery and footage from space missions. The series was created as a partnership between BBC Studios and the Open University. == Episodes == == Merchandise == A 288-page hardback book written by Brian Cox and Andrew Cohen was released on 23 May 2019. by HarperCollins (ISBN 978-0007488841). The book was also released for ebook readers as well as an audiobook on the same day. == References == == External links == The Planets at BBC Online


id: popular-mechanics-for-kids-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Mechanics_for_Kids-0.md
category: reference
title: Popular Mechanics for Kids
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Mechanics_for_Kids
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:25.797461+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: popular-mechanics-for-kids-20260505-0
summary:
Popular Mechanics for Kids (sometimes abbreviated to PMK) is a Canadian educational television program based on the Popular Mechanics magazine. The program aired on Global TV from 1997 until 2000, with re-runs airing on BBC Kids Canada until its closure in 2018. Original cast included Elisha Cuthbert, Jay Baruchel, Tyler Kyte, Vanessa Lengies, and Charles Powell. == Overview == The intent of Popular Mechanics for Kids was to teach children how things work. Episodes covered a wide range of topics, including animals, body systems, amusement parks, electricity and airplanes. Each episode was led by hosts Jay (Season 1), Elisha, Tyler (Seasons 2–4) and Vanessa (Seasons 3–4), who would embark on adventures around the world which relate to the central theme of each episode. Sketch comedy segments were incorporated to balance out the educational content. "Mechanix with Nix and Tix" (usually shortened to just "Nix and Tix") was an animation segment that used slapstick comedy to help further educate and entertain the viewers about the episode's theme. During the segment "Charlie's Experiment/Tip", actor Charles Powell would answer questions, teach, and demonstrate an experiment related to the topic of the episode. It was common for real children to participate and ask questions


id: project-mc2-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Mc2-0.md
category: reference
title: Project Mc2
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Mc2
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:26.988783+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: project-mc2-20260505-0
summary:
Project Mc2 (pronounced Project MC-squared ) is an American comedy television series co-produced for Netflix by MGA Entertainment and – despite being a live action series – by DreamWorks Animation's AwesomenessTV. The series was first released on August 7, 2015. The last set of episodes was released on November 7, 2017. == Plot == Set in the fictional town of Maywood Glen, California, and revolving around the fields of STEM, the series follows the adventures of McKeyla McAlister and her best friends, who work for a government organization called NOV8 (pronounced "innovate"), a highly secretive group of female government operatives who are trying to protect the world. == Cast and characters == === Main === Mika Abdalla as McKeyla McAlister, the lead girl and an agent of NOV8. At the beginning of Part 4, she was given the name "The Owl". Ysa Penarejo as Camryn Coyle, the engineer with a high IQ Victoria Vida as Adrienne Attoms, the culinary chemist from Spain who always wears high heels Genneya Walton as Bryden Bandweth, the tech junkie of the group Antonio Marziale as Prince Xander (main: Part 1, recurring: Part 4) Marcus Choi (main: Part 1) and Ash Lee (recurring: Part 5)


id: rocket-science-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_Science_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Rocket Science (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_Science_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:29.227098+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: rocket-science-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Rocket Science is a BBC television documentary series, first broadcast in March 2009 on BBC Two, exploring new ways to teach science to children. The series follows a group of second-year students as they learn about the science of fireworks and build their own fireworks display, under the auspices of physics teacher Andy Smith. == Episodes == Andy Smith won the secondary school teacher of the year for the north west region in 2005. He has also filmed shows for the digital channel Teacher's TV. He is a big Doctor Who fan and has assisted in many conventions in which previous stars of the series attend, notably the Who in the Cavern, which raises money for the Liverpool children's hospital Alder Hey. He once famously presided over a quiz between fifth doctor Peter Davison and sixth doctor Colin Baker. == References == == External links == Rocket Science at BBC Online Homepage of the director Andy Robbins with more information about the documentary: http://www.andyrobbins.info


id: rough-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Rough Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:30.622623+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: rough-science-20260505-0
summary:
Rough Science is a British documentary reality television series made by the BBC in collaboration with the Open University. Six series were made between 2000 and 2005. It was broadcast in prime time on BBC Two and is considered something of a "break-out hit" for the Open University. The series' formula consists of a group of four or five scientists with specialities in different fields who are given a task that they must complete using the natural resources of the surrounding area together with a small set of supplies. Each programme features a different task and follows the scientists as they use their knowledge and ingenuity in attempting to fulfil it and, in the process, educate the viewing public – despite failure being common. Each episode either requires the team to work together in smaller groups to create requirements for the overall challenge, for the small groups to fulfil vaguely related challenges or even to complete the same task in competition. It has been set in a different scenic location each series, typically somewhere with plenty of plants for use by the group. The series is presented by Kate Humble, with most of the scientists appearing in several series. ==


id: rough-science-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Science-1.md
category: reference
title: Rough Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:30.622623+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: rough-science-20260505-0
summary:
"Shipwrecked" – Design and build a submersible exploration vehicle to explore a shipwreck, determine when low tide occurs for the best chance at getting to the wreck, and how to purify the scientists' water supply. "Lost at Sea" – Build a distress flare, make an emergency flotation device, and create a warning light activated by seawater. "Call of the Wild" – Const an underwater hydrophone, an underwater viewing device, and create mosquito repellent. "To the Lighthouse" – Build a lighthouse by creating a light source visible from great distances while at sea, as well as create the lighthouse infrastructure and make the light flash. "The Reef" – Create a system to protect a coral reef by alerting approaching boats that they're entering a protected area. "Beneath the Waves" – Build a SCUBA device that can safely be used to a depth of 5 meters and still provide freedom for exploration. == Series 6 == This series, shown in 2005, takes place in the San Juan Mountains in Colorado. For this series, geomorphologist Hermione Cockburn replaced Kathy Sykes. "Power" – Supply electricity and natural gas to their basecamp, located in an old mill. "Safety" – Build a fire extinguisher (using carbon


id: the-science-alliance-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Science_Alliance_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: The Science Alliance (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Science_Alliance_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:46:32.162394+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-science-alliance-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
The Science Alliance is an educational television show which was produced and broadcast by TVOntario in 1981–82. The hosts were Rex Hagon and Judy Haladay. The typical episode would feature the hosts demonstrating various aspect of the subject of the episode. In addition, a largely unseen narrator named Bryant would interrupt at pertinent points with a vignette called "Bryant's Giants of Science" which would tell the story of a figure in the history of science and his contribution to scientific knowledge. == Episode list == 11 episodes were produced. They were: "Magnets" "Electricity" "Matter" "Energy" "Machines" "Heat" "Air" "Sound" "Light" "Water" "Safety" All episodes were 15 minutes in length. == External links == The Science Alliance at IMDb


id: science-court-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Court-0.md
category: reference
title: Science Court
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Court
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:47:52.932238+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-court-20260505-0
summary:
Science Court (retitled Squigglevision in 1998) is an educational entertainment, animation/non-traditional court show from Tom Snyder Productions, which was aired on ABC's Disney's One Saturday Morning block from 1997 to 2000. The cartoon was animated in Squigglevision. == Development == Science Court utilized the limited-animation Squigglevision as its style of animation. In 1998, Science Court was renamed to Squigglevision in its second to third seasons. Tom Snyder Productions has released twelve of the episodes into a series of educational CD-ROMs with accompanying workbooks and experiment kits for schools. On December 2, 2004, Snyder, founder and former CEO of Tom Snyder Productions, was inducted into the Association of Educational Publishers Hall of Fame to honor his extraordinary contribution to educational publishing. == Plot and characters == The half-hour program mixed courtroom drama, science experiments, and humor to teach fundamental concepts in elementary and middle school science such as the water cycle, work, matter, gravity, flight, and energy. As each case unfolded, the characters in the trial used humor to highlight scientific misconceptions and model good scientific practice. In a typical episode, a lawsuit or criminal action would take place based around some scientific point. Humor and musical numbers were used to


id: science-in-action-tv-series-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_Action_(TV_series)-0.md
category: reference
title: Science in Action (TV series)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_in_Action_(TV_series)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:47:54.090627+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: science-in-action-tv-series-20260505-0
summary:
Science in Action is a weekly half-hour television program devoted to science. The program was produced by the California Academy of Sciences, and was broadcast from 1950 to 1966. It was thus among the first live science television program in the United States; The Johns Hopkins Science Review was broadcast from 1948 to 1955, and is apparently the very first such program. In all, 566 programs were produced. Dr. Tom Groody hosted the program for its first two years; he was succeeded by Dr. Earl S. Herald, who was the host for the following fourteen years until production ceased in 1966. Marcel LaFollette has written, "Production approaches that are now standard practice on NOVA and the Discovery Channel derive, in fact, from experimentation by television pioneers like Lynn Poole and Don Herbert and such programs as Adventure, Zoo Parade, Science in Action, and the Bell Telephone System’s science specials. These early efforts were also influenced by television’s love of the dramatic, refined during its first decade and continuing to shape news and public affairs programming, as well as fiction and fantasy, today." LaFollette included the program in her 2008 overview of early broadcasting devoted to science popularization. == References ==


id: scientastic-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientastic!-0.md
category: reference
title: Scientastic!
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientastic!
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:47:55.310143+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: scientastic-20260505-0
summary:
Scientastic! is an elementary to middle school age family television show that explores science, health, and social issues through the eyes of today's youth. The show was created by John A. Pollock, Leo Eaton, and Mike Erskine-Kellie. The show's format blends live-action and animation and is a hybrid of mystery and reality genres, incorporating a fictional plot with interviews from actual doctors and scientists in and around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where the show is filmed. To date, two episodes have been released. The episode “Are You Sleeping?” was the recipient of two Emmy Awards in 2015. == Concept == The show's concept originated from Duquesne University biology professor John A. Pollock, with the goal of improving science literacy among school students ages 8 to 13 years old. Pollock partnered with television production company Planet Earth Television to create the pilot episode, "Sticks and Stones" (2010) and the subsequent episode “Are You Sleeping?” (2014). Both episodes were directed by Emmy award-winning producer and director Leo Eaton (Zoboomafoo) and written by Mike Erskine-Kellie. The show's storyline follows the character of a young girl driven to explore topics in science out of an interest to learn and a desire to help others and the


id: scigirls-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SciGirls-0.md
category: reference
title: SciGirls
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SciGirls
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:47:56.643593+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: scigirls-20260505-0
summary:
SciGirls is an American live-action/animated children's television series. It was produced by Twin Cities PBS and builds on the "real kids doing real science" approach of DragonflyTV. It is an educational outreach program for elementary school children based on proven best practices for: science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) education for girls. It was launched in February 2010 and produced by Twin Cities Public Television, the episodes are broadcast on most PBS stations and the project's website, SciGirls, The show was designed to encourage girls to pursue STEM careers, in response to the low numbers of women in many scientific careers. A sixth season themed around NASA was confirmed and completed, and it premiered on February 3, 2023. The seventh and final season premiered three months later on May 26, 2023. == Overview == Each episode depicts the STEM-themed activities of a group of middle-school girls, including engineering a miniature wind farm, creating a turtle habitat, designing an electronic dress, and more. Additionally, women scientists and engineers mentor the girls, demonstrating that interest in STEM subjects can lead to a rewarding lifelong pursuit. The series is unified by two animated characters, Izzie (voiced by Lara Jill Miller) and Jake (voiced


id: scitech-our-world-tomorrow-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SciTech_-_Our_World_Tomorrow-0.md
category: reference
title: SciTech - Our World Tomorrow
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SciTech_-_Our_World_Tomorrow
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:47:58.230477+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: scitech-our-world-tomorrow-20260505-0
summary:
SciTech - Our World Tomorrow (Arabic: سايتك عالمنا غداً) is the title of two separate but related German-Arabic science television series, one airing on the ONTV (Egypt) television network, the other airing on Oman TV. The series is a cooperation between the German Federal Foreign Office, ONTV (Egypt) and Sultanate of Oman Television. The topics of the series deal with research and inventions in various fields such as energy, transport, environment and technology, with focus on Arabic-German collaborations. The series, hosted by the German journalist Constantin Schreiber in Arabic, is produced in Egypt, Oman and Germany and is broadcast monthly. A new feature in the second season is a talk (Arabic: لقاء الخبراء) in which experts and decision makers are interviewed. The launch ceremony in Muscat was held in June 2012, under the auspices of Dr. Abdullah al Harrasi, chairman of the public authority for radio and television as well as the former German ambassador Angelika Storz-Chakarji. In Egypt, the series was launched on April 19, 2012. == References == == External links == Official Website (English) Official Website (Arabic)


id: the-second-voyage-of-the-mimi-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Second_Voyage_of_the_Mimi-0.md
category: reference
title: The Second Voyage of the Mimi
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Second_Voyage_of_the_Mimi
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:47:59.543271+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-second-voyage-of-the-mimi-20260505-0
summary:
The Second Voyage of the Mimi is a 12-episode American educational television program depicting a fictional crew of a sailboat named the Mimi exploring Mayan ruins in Southern Mexico. Along the way, they learn about ancient civilization and also attempt to foil the plans of looters who steal the artifacts from the ancient sites. This series is a sequel to The Voyage of the Mimi, produced in 1984, in which the Granvilles rented their boat and services to zoologists studying the humpback whale in the waters off Massachusetts. The series aired on PBS and was created by the Bank Street College of Education in 1988 to teach middle-schoolers about science and social studies. In each episode, viewers are taught something scientific relating to plot events in the previous episode of the show. For example, an episode's plot would be about deciphering Mayan writing, and the viewer also receives information about how the Maya wrote various words and numbers. == Cast == The Second Voyage of the Mimi saw a young Ben Affleck return as C.T. Granville, and Peter G. Marston as his grandfather Captain Granville. Marston was a scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the production of the program


id: serving-through-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serving_Through_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Serving Through Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serving_Through_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:48:01.175101+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: serving-through-science-20260505-0
summary:
Serving Through Science is "the first regular science-related network series" and the first educational television series broadcast in the United States. The series premiered on the DuMont Television Network in May 1945, and was shown Tuesdays at 9 pm ET. The weekly program starred Dr. Miller McClintock showing short films produced by Encyclopædia Britannica, and was sponsored by U. S. Rubber. The last show aired May 27, 1947. The series' name was also a slogan used by the sponsor in its advertising. == See also == List of programs broadcast by the DuMont Television Network List of surviving DuMont Television Network broadcasts 1946-47 United States network television schedule == References and sources == References Sources David Weinstein, The Forgotten Network: DuMont and the Birth of American Television (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2004) ISBN 1-59213-245-6 Alex McNeil, Total Television, Fourth edition (New York: Penguin Books, 1980) ISBN 0-14-024916-8 Tim Brooks and Earle Marsh, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network TV Shows, Third edition (New York: Ballantine Books, 1964) ISBN 0-345-31864-1


id: sid-the-science-kid-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_the_Science_Kid-0.md
category: reference
title: Sid the Science Kid
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_the_Science_Kid
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:48:02.445074+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sid-the-science-kid-20260505-0
summary:
Sid the Science Kid, also known as Jim Henson's Sid the Science Kid, is an American animated educational children's television series produced by The Jim Henson Company in association with PBS affiliate KCET, that aired on PBS Kids from September 1, 2008 to March 25, 2013. The show is created using digital puppetry. Each character required two puppeteers working in concert, one performing the face and mouth using a remote manipulator or Waldo, and the other performing the body using performance capture. Development began in early 2007 under the original working title of "What's the Big Idea?" and with the title-character being originally named Josh. In the fall of 2007, the show was retitled "Sid the Science Kid", and the original Josh was renamed to become the title-character. In mid-November 2007, the title-character was altered and, by the end of the month, Gerald, May and Gabriella joined the series as main characters, bringing the total to four. In early December 2007, Susie joined the character list as the only adult, bringing the total to five. Production began in January 2008 with 40 half-hour episodes (in addition to a special) being ordered for the first season as a two-year on-air commitment.


id: sid-the-science-kid-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_the_Science_Kid-1.md
category: reference
title: Sid the Science Kid
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_the_Science_Kid
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:48:02.445074+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sid-the-science-kid-20260505-0
summary:
=== Main === Sid (puppeteers Misty Rosas (body) and Drew Massey (voice and face)) always wished about being a scientist when he grows up. Sid is the most practical character on the show and is often portrayed as a very supportive friend and leading scientist in his group. He ponders many questions every day while at his school, sometimes after thinking of them the night before. His special item is a toy microphone with four different colored buttons. When pressed, the blue button plays the recorded laughter of people, the yellow button plays the recorded applause, the red button makes a cow noise, and the white button records echoes. Sid's mother is of African-American descent and mainly does research as noted in every episode and his father grew up Jewish as noted in the Hanukkah/Christmas/Kwanzaa episode. May (puppeteers Dana Michael Woods (body) and Julianne Buescher (voice and face)) is one of Sid's best friends; she is known for her friendliness and politeness, and is considerably smarter than her other three friends. She is Chinese, has a cat named Mooshu, and wears glasses due to nearsightedness, which is proven in the episode "Grandma's Glasses" when she has trouble seeing the eye


id: sid-the-science-kid-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_the_Science_Kid-2.md
category: reference
title: Sid the Science Kid
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_the_Science_Kid
date_saved: 2026-05-05T07:48:02.445074+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: sid-the-science-kid-20260505-0
summary:
=== Sid the Science Kid: The Movie (2013) === Sid the Science Kid: The Movie is an animated film premiered on PBS Kids on March 25, 2013 (2013-03-25) (the same day that reruns of the show were added to sister network, PBS Kids Sprout). It featured the original voice cast of the series alongside special guest voice Christopher Lloyd as Dr. Bonanodon. In the film, Sid and his friends enter a contest and win a trip to a new science museum in town. Sid and Gabriela win the contest and are allowed inside the museum before it officially opens to the public. Along the way, they meet some new friends; such as Yangyang, Niuniu, and BobbyBot. However, BobbyBot malfunctions, causing the museum to be in total chaos and havoc, putting the grand opening of the museum in jeopardy. It's up to Sid and his friends to save the museum before it opens up. This also serves as the series finale of Sid the Science Kid. == Awards == "Save the Stump!" won in the Children's Programming category Saturday at the 26th Genesis Awards, presented by the Humane Society of the United States. Additionally, the series has received a total of


