# kb

id: the-pattern-on-the-stone-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pattern_on_the_Stone-0.md
category: reference
title: The Pattern on the Stone
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pattern_on_the_Stone
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:42.559402+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-pattern-on-the-stone-20260505-0
summary:
The Pattern on the Stone: The Simple Ideas that Make Computers Work is a book by W. Daniel Hillis, published in 1998 by Basic Books (ISBN 0-465-02595-1). The book attempts to explain concepts from computer science in layman's terms by metaphor and analogy. It aims to demystify computer science by demonstrating that complex processes can be broken down into simple, repeated patterns. The book emphasizes the underlying simplicity and elegance of computer science, encouraging readers to see the beauty in the patterns that power the technology that permeates our lives. == Summary == The book is composed of eight chapters, and two extra topics: Boolean algebra: The book starts with the fundamental building block of all digital computers: Boolean logic. It explains how simple switches ("on" or "off") can be combined using operators like AND, OR, and NOT to represent information and perform calculations. Think of it as the basic alphabet of computer language. Information theory: This section delves into the science of measuring, storing, and transmitting information. It covers concepts like data compression, which efficiently encodes information for storage or transmission, and error-correcting codes, which ensure information integrity despite glitches. Turing Machines: Turing machines are theoretical models of universal


id: perceptrons-book-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptrons_(book)-0.md
category: reference
title: Perceptrons (book)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptrons_(book)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:43.745538+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: perceptrons-book-20260505-0
summary:
Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry is a book written by Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert and published in 1969. An edition with handwritten corrections and additions was released in the early 1970s. An expanded edition was further published in 1988 (ISBN 9780262631112) after the revival of neural networks, containing a chapter dedicated to countering the criticisms made of it in the 1980s. The main subject of the book is the perceptron, a type of artificial neural network developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The book was dedicated to psychologist Frank Rosenblatt, who in 1957 had published the first model of a "Perceptron". Rosenblatt and Minsky knew each other since adolescence, having studied with a one-year difference at the Bronx High School of Science. They became at one point central figures of a debate inside the AI research community, and are known to have promoted loud discussions in conferences, yet remained friendly. This book is the center of a long-standing controversy in the study of artificial intelligence. It is claimed that pessimistic predictions made by the authors were responsible for a change in the direction of research in AI, concentrating efforts on so-called "symbolic" systems, a line of


id: perceptrons-book-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptrons_(book)-1.md
category: reference
title: Perceptrons (book)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptrons_(book)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:43.745538+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: perceptrons-book-20260505-0
summary:
=== The XOR affair === Some critics of the book state that the authors imply that, since a single artificial neuron is incapable of implementing some functions such as the XOR logical function, larger networks also have similar limitations, and therefore should be dropped. Research on three-layered perceptrons showed how to implement such functions. Rosenblatt in his book proved that the "elementary perceptron" with an a priori unlimited number of hidden layer A-elements (neurons) and one output neuron can solve any classification problem. (Existence theorem.) Minsky and Papert used perceptrons with restricted numbers of inputs of the hidden layer A-elements and a locality condition: each element of the hidden layer receives the input signals from a small circle. These restricted perceptrons cannot define whether the image is a connected figure or is the number of pixels in the image even (the parity predicate). There are many mistakes in this story. Although a single neuron can in fact compute only a small number of logical predicates, it was widely known that networks of such elements can compute any possible Boolean function. This was known by Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts, who even proposed how to create a Turing machine with their


id: perceptrons-book-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptrons_(book)-2.md
category: reference
title: Perceptrons (book)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptrons_(book)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:43.745538+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: perceptrons-book-20260505-0
summary:
=== Preliminary definitions === Let R {\textstyle R} be a finite set. A predicate on R {\textstyle R} is a boolean function that takes in a subset of R {\textstyle R} and outputs either 0 {\textstyle 0} or 1 {\textstyle 1} . In particular, a perceptron unit is a predicate. A predicate ψ {\textstyle \psi } has support S ⊂ R {\textstyle S\subset R} , iff any X ⊂ S {\textstyle X\subset S} , we have ψ ( X ) = ψ ( X ∩ S ) {\textstyle \psi (X)=\psi (X\cap S)} . In words, it means that if we know how ψ {\textstyle \psi } works on subsets of S {\textstyle S} , then we know how it works on subsets of all of R {\textstyle R} . A predicate can have many different supports. The support size of a predicate ψ {\textstyle \psi } is the minimal number of elements necessary in its support. For example, the constant-0 and constant-1 functions both are supported on the empty set, thus they both have support size 0. A perceptron (the kind studied by Minsky and Papert) over R {\textstyle R} is a function of form θ ( ∑ i a


id: prentice-hall-international-series-in-computer-science-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice_Hall_International_Series_in_Computer_Science-0.md
category: reference
title: Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice_Hall_International_Series_in_Computer_Science
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:44.902154+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: prentice-hall-international-series-in-computer-science-20260505-0
summary:
Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science was a series of books on computer science published by Prentice Hall. The series' founding editor was Tony Hoare. Richard Bird subsequently took over editing the series. Many of the books in the series have been in the area of formal methods in particular. == Selected books == The following books were published in the series: R. S. Bird, Introduction to Functional Programming using Haskell, 2nd edition, 1998. ISBN 0-13-484346-0. R. S. Bird and O. de Moor, Algebra of Programming, 1996. ISBN 0-13-507245-X. (100th volume in the series.) O.-J. Dahl, Verifiable Programming, 1992. ISBN 0-13-951062-1. D. M. Gabbay, Elementary Logics: A Procedural Perspective, 1998. ISBN 0-13-726365-1. I. J. Hayes (ed.), Specification Cases Studies, 2nd edition, 1993. ISBN 0-13-832544-8. M. G. Hinchey and J. P. Bowen (eds.), Applications of Formal Methods, 1996. ISBN 0-13-366949-1. C. A. R. Hoare, Communicating Sequential Processes, 1985. ISBN 0-13-153271-5 hardback or ISBN 0-13-153289-8 paperback. C. A. R. Hoare and M. J. C. Gordon, Mechanized Reasoning and Hardware Design, 1998. ISBN 0-13-572405-8. C. A. R. Hoare and He Jifeng, Unifying Theories of Programming, 1998. ISBN 0-13-458761-8. INMOS Limited, Occam 2 Reference Manual, 1988. ISBN 0-13-629312-3. Cliff Jones, Systematic Software Development


id: principles-of-compiler-design-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Compiler_Design-0.md
category: reference
title: Principles of Compiler Design
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Compiler_Design
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:46.081867+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: principles-of-compiler-design-20260505-0
summary:
Principles of Compiler Design, by Alfred Aho and Jeffrey Ullman, is a classic textbook on compilers for computer programming languages. Both of the authors won the 2020 Turing Award for their work on compilers. It is often called the "green dragon book" and its cover depicts a knight and a dragon in battle; the dragon is green, and labeled "Complexity of Compiler Design", while the knight wields a lance and a shield labeled "LALR parser generator" and "Syntax Directed Translation" respectively, and rides a horse labeled "Data Flow Analysis". The book may be called the "green dragon book" to distinguish it from its successor, Aho, Sethi and Ullman's Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools, which is the "red dragon book". The second edition of Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools added a fourth author, Monica S. Lam, and the dragon became purple; hence becoming the "purple dragon book". The book also contains the entire code for making a compiler. The back cover offers the original inspiration of the cover design: The dragon is replaced by windmills, and the knight is Don Quixote. The book was published in 1977 by Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0-201-00022-9. The acknowledgments mention that the book was entirely typeset at


id: programming-languages-application-and-interpretation-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_Languages:_Application_and_Interpretation-0.md
category: reference
title: Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_Languages:_Application_and_Interpretation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:47.249567+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: programming-languages-application-and-interpretation-20260505-0
summary:
Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation (PLAI) is a free programming language textbook by Shriram Krishnamurthi. It is in use at over 30 universities, in several high-schools. The book differs from most other programming language texts in its attempt to wed two different styles of programming language education: one based on language surveys and another based on interpreters. In the former style, it can be too easy to ignore difficult technical points, which are sometimes best understood by trying to reproduce them (via implementation); in the latter, it can be too easy to miss the high-level picture in the forest of details. PLAI therefore interleaves the two, using the survey approach to motivate ideas and interpreters to understand them. The book is accompanied by supporting software that runs in the Racket programming language. Since PLAI is constantly under development, some of the newer material (especially assignments) is found on course pages at Brown University. PLAI is also an experiment in publishing methods. The essay Books as Software discusses why the book is self-published. The current public release is version 3.2.2 (2023-02-26) is available as a free electronic edition for screen use or printing. == See also == List of online integrated


id: programming-the-universe-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_the_Universe-0.md
category: reference
title: Programming the Universe
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_the_Universe
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:48.395332+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: programming-the-universe-20260505-0
summary:
Programming the Universe: A Quantum Computer Scientist Takes On the Cosmos is a 2006 popular science book by Seth Lloyd, professor of mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The book proposes that the Universe is a quantum computer (supercomputer), and advances in the understanding of physics may come from viewing entropy as a phenomenon of information, rather than simply thermodynamics. Lloyd also postulates that the Universe can be fully simulated using a quantum computer; however, in the absence of a theory of quantum gravity, such a simulation is not yet possible. "Particles not only collide, they compute." == Reaction == Reviewer Corey S. Powell of The New York Times writes: In the space of 221 dense, frequently thrilling and occasionally exasperating pages, ... tackles computer logic, thermodynamics, chaos theory, complexity, quantum mechanics, cosmology, consciousness, sex and the origin of life—throwing in, for good measure, a heartbreaking afterword that repaints the significance of all that has come before. The source of all this intellectual mayhem is the kind of Big Idea so prevalent in popular science books these days. Lloyd, a professor of mechanical engineering at M.I.T., takes as his topic the fundamental workings of the universe..., which he


id: quantum-computation-and-quantum-information-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_Computation_and_Quantum_Information-0.md
category: reference
title: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_Computation_and_Quantum_Information
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:49.549139+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: quantum-computation-and-quantum-information-20260505-0
summary:
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information is a textbook about quantum information science written by Michael Nielsen and Isaac Chuang, regarded as a standard text on the subject. It is informally known as "Mike and Ike", after the candies of that name. The book assumes minimal prior experience with quantum mechanics and with computer science, aiming instead to be a self-contained introduction to the relevant features of both. (Lov Grover recalls a postdoc disparaging it with the remark, "The book is too elementary – it starts off with the assumption that the reader does not even know quantum mechanics.") The focus of the text is on theory, rather than the experimental implementations of quantum computers, which are discussed more briefly. As of December 2024, the book has been cited over 58,000 times on Google Scholar. In 2019, Nielsen adapted parts of the book for his Quantum Country project. == Table of Contents (Tenth Anniversary Edition) == Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview Chapter 2: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics Chapter 3: Introduction to Computer Science Chapter 4: Quantum Circuits Chapter 5: The Quantum Fourier Transform and its Applications Chapter 6: Quantum Search Algorithms Chapter 7: Quantum Computers: Physical Realization Chapter 8: Quantum Noise


id: the-rootkit-arsenal-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rootkit_Arsenal-0.md
category: reference
title: The Rootkit Arsenal
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rootkit_Arsenal
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:50.707588+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-rootkit-arsenal-20260505-0
summary:
The Rootkit Arsenal: Escape and Evasion in the Dark Corners of the System is a book written by Bill Blunden, published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers in May 2009. The book takes the reader in depth about rootkit technology and uses. It covers topics such as IA-32 assembly, the Windows system architecture, kernel debugging, advanced rootkit development, and much more concerning rootkit technology and how it can be applied onto e.g. white hat hacking. The book also provides many source code examples on rootkit development and how to properly use it. It is required and recommended to have a fair understanding of computer programming and operating systems in order to fully comprehend the contents of the book, as the back cover states it is an advanced book on its topic. == Content == The book is divided into four parts, and each of the 14 chapters goes into detail about specific technology and information required in advanced rootkit development and use. It also provides information about network and file system analyses, kernel objects, drivers, and much more related to rootkit technology. The reader can create a fully working rootkit by using the source codes in the appendix. The product description


id: structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs-0.md
category: reference
title: Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_Interpretation_of_Computer_Programs
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:51.931231+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: structure-and-interpretation-of-computer-programs-20260505-0
summary:
Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (SICP) is a computer science textbook by Massachusetts Institute of Technology professors Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman. It is known as the "Wizard Book" in hacker culture. It teaches fundamental principles of computer programming, including recursion, abstraction, modularity, and programming language design and implementation. MIT Press published the first edition in 1984, and the second edition in 1996. It was used as the textbook for MIT's introductory course in computer science from 1984 to 2007. SICP focuses on discovering general patterns for solving specific problems, and building software systems that make use of those patterns. MIT Press published a JavaScript version of the book in 2022. == Content == The book describes computer science concepts using Scheme, a dialect of Lisp. It also uses a virtual register machine and assembler to implement Lisp interpreters and compilers. Topics in the books are: === Chapter 1: Building Abstractions with Procedures === The Elements of Programming Procedures and the Processes They Generate Formulating Abstractions with Higher-Order Procedures === Chapter 2: Building Abstractions with Data === Introduction to Data Abstraction Hierarchical Data and the Closure Property Symbolic Data Multiple Representations for Abstract Data Systems


id: the-turing-guide-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Turing_Guide-0.md
category: reference
title: The Turing Guide
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Turing_Guide
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:54.316392+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-turing-guide-20260505-0
summary:
The Turing Guide, written by Jack Copeland, Jonathan Bowen, Mark Sprevak, Robin Wilson, and others and published in 2017, is a book about the work and life of the British mathematician, philosopher, and early computer scientist, Alan Turing (1912–1954). == Overview == The book includes 42 contributed chapters by a variety of authors, including some contemporaries of Alan Turing. The book was published in January 2017 by Oxford University Press, in hardcover, paperback, and e-book formats. == Contents == The Turing Guide is divided into eight main parts, covering various aspects of Alan Turing's life and work: Biography: Biographical aspects of Alan Turing. The Universal Machine and Beyond: Turing's universal machine (now known as a Turing machine), developed while at King's College, Cambridge, which provides a theoretical framework for reasoning about computation, a starting point for the field of theoretical computer science. Codebreaker: Turing's work on codebreaking during World War II at Bletchley Park, especially the Bombe for decrypting the German Enigma machine. Computers after the War: Turing's post-War work on computing, at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) and at the University of Manchester. He made contributions to both hardware design, through the ACE computer (later implemented as the Pilot


id: turtle-geometry-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle_Geometry-0.md
category: reference
title: Turtle Geometry
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle_Geometry
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:55.471772+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: turtle-geometry-20260505-0
summary:
Turtle Geometry is a college-level math text written by Hal Abelson and Andrea diSessa which aims to engage students in exploring mathematical properties visually via a simple programming language to maneuver the icon of a turtle trailing lines across a personal computer display. == See also == Turtle graphics Turtle Geometry at MIT Press


id: types-and-programming-languages-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_and_Programming_Languages-0.md
category: reference
title: Types and Programming Languages
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_and_Programming_Languages
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:56.608596+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: types-and-programming-languages-20260505-0
summary:
Types and Programming Languages, written by Benjamin C. Pierce who is a Professor of Computer and Information Science at the University of Pennsylvania is a computing book on type systems and programming languages. Types and Programming Languages was published in 2002 by MIT Press. Since its publication, the book has become one of the most widely cited and influential texts in the field of programming language theory. It is frequently used as a graduate-level textbook in computer science programs around the world and has shaped the way type systems are taught in academic curricula. A review by Frank Pfenning called it "probably the single most important book in the area of programming languages in recent years." == References == == External links == Official website


id: unifying-theories-of-programming-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unifying_Theories_of_Programming-0.md
category: reference
title: Unifying Theories of Programming
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unifying_Theories_of_Programming
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:57.775747+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: unifying-theories-of-programming-20260505-0
summary:
Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP) in computer science deals with program semantics. It shows how denotational semantics, operational semantics, and algebraic semantics can be combined in a unified framework for the formal specification, design, and implementation of programs and computer systems. The book of this title by C.A.R. Hoare and He Jifeng was published in the Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science in 1998 and has been made freely available on the web. A UTP Symposium series was started in 2006. == Theories == The semantic foundation of the UTP is the first-order predicate calculus, augmented with fixed-point constructs from second-order logic. Following the tradition of Eric Hehner, programs are predicates in the UTP, and there is no distinction between programs and specifications at the semantic level. In the words of Hoare: A computer program is identified with the strongest predicate describing every relevant observation that can be made of the behaviour of a computer executing that program. In UTP parlance, a theory is a model of a particular programming paradigm. A UTP theory is composed of three ingredients: an alphabet, which is a set of variable names denoting the attributes of the paradigm that can be observed by


id: the-visualization-handbook-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Visualization_Handbook-0.md
category: reference
title: The Visualization Handbook
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Visualization_Handbook
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:36:58.931450+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-visualization-handbook-20260505-0
summary:
The Visualization Handbook is a textbook by Charles D. Hansen and Christopher R. Johnson that serves as a survey of the field of scientific visualization by presenting the basic concepts and algorithms in addition to a current review of visualization research topics and tools. It is commonly used as a textbook for scientific visualization graduate courses. It is also commonly cited as a reference for scientific visualization and computer graphics in published papers, with almost 500 citations documented on Google Scholar. == Table of Contents == PART I - Introduction Overview of Visualization - William J. Schroeder and Kenneth M. Martin PART II - Scalar Field Visualization: Isosurfaces Accelerated Isosurface Extraction Approaches -Yarden Livnat Time-Dependent Isosurface Extraction - Han-Wei Shen Optimal Isosurface Extraction - Paolo Cignoni, Claudio Montani, Robert Scopigno, and Enrico Puppo Isosurface Extraction Using Extrema Graphs - Takayuki Itoh and Koji Koyamada Isosurfaces and Level-Sets - Ross Whitaker PART III - Scalar Field Visualization: Volume Rendering Overview of Volume Rendering - Arie E. Kaufman and Klaus Mueller Volume Rendering Using Splatting - Roger Crawfis, Daqing Xue, and Caixia Zhang Multidimensional Transfer Functions for Volume Rendering - Joe Kniss, Gordon Kindlmann, and Charles D. Hansen Pre-Integrated Volume Rendering -


id: ashrae-handbook-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASHRAE_Handbook-0.md
category: reference
title: ASHRAE Handbook
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASHRAE_Handbook
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:02.764903+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: ashrae-handbook-20260505-0
summary:
The ASHRAE Handbook is the four-volume flagship publication of the nonprofit technical organization ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers). This Handbook is considered the most comprehensive and authoritative repository of practical knowledge on the various topics that form the field of heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R). The four volumes are Fundamentals, Refrigeration, HVAC Applications ("Applications"), and HVAC Systems and Equipment ("Systems and Equipment"). Members of ASHRAE receive the current volume, in both print and CD-ROM form, each year as a basic membership benefit. An enhanced electronic version, known as ASHRAE Handbook Online is a web-based version updated annually that contains the four latest volumes as well as extra content such as calculations, demonstration videos, and spreadsheets. The various versions of the Handbook are typically available to the public via technical, and other, libraries and bookstores. == History == The ASHRAE Handbook has had a variety of titles. It began in 1922 as the ASH&VE Guide. In 1973 it became the ASHRAE Handbook, and in 1985 separate publication of inch-pound (I-P) and international system (SI) units versions of the volumes began. The current publisher of record is W. Stephen Comstock, and the Editor is Mark S. Owen.


id: backyard-ballistics-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backyard_Ballistics-0.md
category: reference
title: Backyard Ballistics
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backyard_Ballistics
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:03.995676+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: backyard-ballistics-20260505-0
summary:
Backyard Ballistics is a how-to book by William Gurstelle that was published in 2001. It is full of experiments that can be done relatively inexpensively and can be easily executed. It also includes the history and mechanical principles of some of the inventions and projects. From catapults to rockets, this book describes accessible ways to create these at home or in the classroom. In addition to recreational use by individuals, teacher's guides have been developed and science fair projects designed around this book. It has been cited in several educational and scientific journals. == References == == External links == Author William Gurstelle's website Backyard Ballistics Teacher's Guide Backyard Ballistics website William Gurstelle presentation on the Art of Living Dangerously


id: the-construction-and-principal-uses-of-mathematical-instruments-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Construction_and_Principal_Uses_of_Mathematical_Instruments-0.md
category: reference
title: The Construction and Principal Uses of Mathematical Instruments
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Construction_and_Principal_Uses_of_Mathematical_Instruments
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:05.140614+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-construction-and-principal-uses-of-mathematical-instruments-20260505-0
summary:
The Construction and Principal Uses of Mathematical Instruments (French: Traité de la construction et des principaux usages des instrumens de mathématique) is a book by Nicholas Bion, first published in 1709. It was translated into English in 1723 by Edmund Stone. The book describes ways to construct mathematical instruments. It was described as "the most famous book devoted to instruments" by historian of science David M. Knight. == Nicholas Bion == Nicholas Bion (French: Nicolas Bion [bjɔ̃]; 1652–1733) was a French instrument maker and author with workshops in Paris. He was king's engineer for mathematical instruments. He died in Paris in 1733 aged 81. === Bibliography === Bion is the author of the following: L'usage des Globes Célestes et Terrestres et des sphères suivant les differents systèmes du Monde (Amsterdam, 1700) Usage des Astrolabes Traité de la construction et des principaux usages des instrumens de mathématique (Paris, 1709) (online version) == References == == Further reading == Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 1. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2008. ISBN 978-0-684-31559-1. Kern, Ralf (2010). Wissenschaftliche Instrumente in ihrer Zeit. Vom 15. – 19. Jahrhundert. Köln: König, Walther. ISBN 978-3-86560-772-0. == External links == Online edition Bell Book Collection at the


id: the-department-of-mad-scientists-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Department_of_Mad_Scientists-0.md
category: reference
title: The Department of Mad Scientists
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Department_of_Mad_Scientists
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:06.328706+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-department-of-mad-scientists-20260505-0
summary:
The Department of Mad Scientists: How DARPA is Remaking Our World, from the Internet to Artificial Limbs, is a book by Michael Belfiore about the history and origins of DARPA. Belfiore describes DARPA's creation as the agency ARPA in Department of Defense and some of its notable contributions to artificial limbs, the Internet, space exploration and robotic automobiles. == Reception == In his review of the book, Tom Simonite says "Belfiore does a good job of exploring the sunny side of the moon that is DARPA", but also notes that the author had no access to DARPA's classified research, which constitutes approximately half of all work. Robin Tatu also observes Belfiore's limited access, but calls the book a "an engaging inquiry into the workings of the agency, its past contributions, and its concerns for future technology." David Pitt describes the book as "a capsule history" that, "for some readers [..] serves as a tantalizing introduction to subject that bears deeper exploration." == Notes == == References == == External links == Official website After Words interview with Belfiore on The Department of Mad Scientists, August 21, 2010


id: diagrams-and-explanations-of-the-wonderful-machines-of-the-far-west-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagrams_and_Explanations_of_the_Wonderful_Machines_of_the_Far_West-0.md
category: reference
title: Diagrams and Explanations of the Wonderful Machines of the Far West
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagrams_and_Explanations_of_the_Wonderful_Machines_of_the_Far_West
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:07.495193+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: diagrams-and-explanations-of-the-wonderful-machines-of-the-far-west-20260505-0
summary:
Diagrams and Explanations of the Wonderful Machines of the Far West (Chinese: Yuǎn xī qí qì túshuō lù zuì, 遠西奇器圖說錄最, often abridged as Qí qì túshuō, 奇器圖說) was an encyclopedia of Western mechanical devices translated into Chinese by the Jesuit Johann Schreck (1576-1630), and the Chinese scholar Wang Zheng (王徵 1571–1644). This book was the first to present Western mechanical knowledge to a Chinese audience. The book was published in 1627. Particularly, the works of the Italian engineers Agostino Ramelli or Vittorio Zonca were reproduced in this translation, as well as those of the French engineer Jacques Besson. Plates depicting European machine were reproduced quite precisely, although in a Chinese pictorial style. == See also == Jesuit China missions == References == === Citations === === Sources === Zhang Baichun, 'An Inquiry into the History of the Chinese Terms Jiqi (Machines) and Jixie (Machinery)', in Michael Lackner et al., New Terms for New Ideas: Western Knowledge and Lexical Change in Late Imperial China BRILL, 2001 ISBN 90-04-12046-7 Brian Scott Baigrie Picturing Knowledge: Historical and Philosophical Problems Concerning the Use of Art in Science University of Toronto Press, 1996 ISBN 0-8020-7439-1 Joseph Needham, Ling Wang, Gwei-Djen Lu Science and civilisation in


id: engineering-and-the-mind-s-eye-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_and_the_Mind's_Eye-0.md
category: reference
title: Engineering and the Mind's Eye
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_and_the_Mind's_Eye
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:08.666143+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: engineering-and-the-mind-s-eye-20260505-0
summary:
Engineering and the Mind's Eye (1992) is a book by Eugene S. Ferguson, an engineer and historian of science and technology. It was published by MIT Press. In it, Ferguson discusses the importance of the mind's eye for the practicing engineer, including spatial visualization and visual thinking. == Preface == A major argument of the book is summarized as follows in the preface: Since World War II, the dominant trend in engineering has been away from knowledge that cannot be expressed as mathematical relationships. The art of engineering has been pushed aside in favor of the "engineering sciences," which are higher in status and easier to teach. The underlying argument of this book is that an engineering education that ignores its rich heritage of nonverbal learning will produce graduates who are dangerously ignorant of the myriad subtle ways in which the real world differs from the mathematical world their professors teach them. == Chapters == The book comprises 7 chapters and two additional sections on notes about the text and its figures. The chapters are: The Nature of Engineering Design The Mind's Eye Origins of Modern Engineering The Tools of Visualization The Development and Dissemination of Engineering Knowledge The Making


id: engineering-legends-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_Legends-0.md
category: reference
title: Engineering Legends
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_Legends
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:09.820952+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: engineering-legends-20260505-0
summary:
Engineering Legends: Great American Civil Engineers is a 2005 book by engineer Richard Weingardt. The book features a list of 32 engineering legends from the 1700s to the present, including Fazlur Khan, Hal Iyengar, Tung-Yen Lin, Benjamin Wright, and Fred Severud. Weingardt describes how the ingenuity of these engineers, many of whom were immigrants to the United States, revolutionized the world, and how people take so many things for granted which were made possible because of the genius of these engineers. The book discusses the fact that while the engineering achievements are regularly recognized, the engineers themselves are rarely discussed. These engineers should become common household names. The book explores the personal lives and professional accomplishments of its subjects, providing an in-depth look at the people behind these achievements. The book also illustrates the diversity surrounding these engineers, such as their differing backgrounds, their reasons for becoming engineers, the obstacles they faced, and their work in different disciplines of civil engineering. In the foreword, Henry Petroski describes the book as a work that "cannot help but inspire engineers, future engineers, and all who benefit (and will continue to benefit) from their work". == Listed engineers == === Empire Makers ===


id: how-to-make-a-spaceship-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Make_a_Spaceship-0.md
category: reference
title: How to Make a Spaceship
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Make_a_Spaceship
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:10.973468+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: how-to-make-a-spaceship-20260505-0
summary:
How to Make a Spaceship: A Band of Renegades, an Epic Race, and the Birth of Private Spaceflight is a 2016 non-fiction book by journalist Julian Guthrie about the origins of the X Prize Foundation and Peter Diamandis, the first X Prize, the Ansari X Prize and Anousheh Ansari, the entrants into that suborbital spaceflight competition, and the winning team, Mojave Aerospace Ventures of Vulcan Inc., Paul G. Allen, Scaled Composites, Burt Rutan, and their platform of Tier One of SpaceShipOne and WhiteKnightOne. == Synopsis == The book is an overview of what led to the creation of the X Prize, and the running of that first X Prize. Profiles of the major players in the X Prize initiative are included in the book. It chronologically starts with the influences that weighed upon Peter Diamandis, and his progression into the space industry. It also covers the process to get funding, rejections, and the arrival of the Ansaris, becoming title sponsors. The book surveys several of the teams that entered into the competition to win the Ansari X Prize. The team that is focused on most is that which won the X Prize in 2004, the one headed by Paul Allen


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-0.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
This is a bibliography of works by Theodore von Kármán. == Books == Kármán, Th. von; Burgers, J. M. (1924). General Aerodynamic Theory, 2 vols. Julius Springer. Kármán, Th. von; Biot, M. A. (1940). Mathematical Methods in Engineering; An introduction to the Mathematical Treatment of Engineering Problems. McGraw-Hill. p. 505. ASIN B0006AOTLK. Kármán, Th. von; Biot, M. A. (2004) [Cornell University Press, 1954]. Aerodynamics: Selected Topics in the Light of Their Historical Development. Dover Books on Aeronautical Engineering. Dover Publications. p. 224. ISBN 978-0486434858. Kármán, Th. von (1956). Collected Works of Dr. T. von Kármán (1902 - 1951), 4 vols. Vol. v. 1. 1902-1913, v. 2. 1914-1932, v. 3. 1933-1939, v. 4. 1940-1951. London: Butterworths Scientific Publications. Kármán, Th. von (1961). From Low-Speed Aerodynamics to Astronautics. Pergamon Press. ASIN B000H4OVPO. Kármán, Th. von; Edson, L. (1967). The Wind and Beyond — T. von Kármán Pioneer in Aviation and Pathfinder in Space. Little Brown. p. 376. ISBN 978-0316907538. == Papers == === 1900s === Kármán, Th. von (1902). "The motion of a heavy rod supported on its rounded end by a horizontal plate". Journal of Mathematics and Physics, Mathematical Society, Budapest, Hungary (in Hungarian). 9. Kármán, Th. von (1906). "A kihajlás


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-1.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
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parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1910s === Kármán, Th. von (1910). "Mitől függ az anyag igénybevétele?" [What determines the stress-strain behavior of matter?] (PDF). Magyar Mérnök és Építész Egylet Közlönye [Journal of the Society of Hungarian Engineers and Architects] (in Hungarian). 44 (10): 212–226. Retrieved 27 June 2014. Kármán, Th. von (1910). "Untersuchungen über die Bedingungen des Bruches und der plastischen Deformation, insbesondere bei quasi-isotropen Körpern" [Studies on the conditions of the fracture and plastic deformation, particularly in quasi-isotropic bodies]. Habilitationschrift, Göttingen (in German). Kármán, Th. von (1910). Untersuchungen über Knickfestigkeit [Studies on buckling strength] (in German). Vol. 81. pp. 1–45. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-01994-8. hdl:2027/iau.31858059335400. ISBN 978-3-662-01994-8. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help); |journal= ignored (help) Kármán, Th. von (1910). "Festigkeitsprobleme im Maschinenbau" [Strength problems in engineering]. Encyklopädie der Mathematischen Wissenschaften (in German). 4. Kármán, Th. von (1911). "Festigkeitsversuche unter allseitigem Druck" [Strength tests under pressure from all sides]. Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure (in German). 55. Kármán, Th. von (1911). "Über die Formänderung dünnwandiger Röhre, insbesondere federnder Ausgleichröhre" [Strength tests under pressure from all sides]. Zeitschrift des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure (in German). 55. Kármán, Th. von (1911). "(Bemerkung zu der Arbeit von Frau Margrete Bose und Herrn E. Bose) Über die Turbulenzreibung verschiedener Flüssigkeiten"


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-2.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
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parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1920s === Kármán, Th. von (1921). "Die Bedeutung der Mechanik für das Studium der technischen Physiker" [The importance of the mechanics for the study of technical physicist]. Zeitschrift für Technische Physik (in German). 2. Kármán, Th. von (1921). "Über laminare und turbulente Reibung" [About laminar and turbulent friction]. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (in German). 1 (4): 233–252. Bibcode:1921ZaMM....1..233K. doi:10.1002/zamm.19210010401. ISSN 1521-4001. Kármán, Th. von (1921). "Mechanische Modelle zum Segelflug" [Mechanical models for gliding]. Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt (in German). 12. Kármán, Th. von (1921). "Theoretische Bemerkungen zur Frage des Schraubenfliegers" [Theoretical remarks on the question of powered aviation]. Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt (in German). 12. Kármán, Th. von (1921). "Bemerkung zu der Frage der Strömungsform um Widerstandskörper bei grossen Reynoldsschen Kennzahlen" [Remark on the issue of flow resistance to form body at large Reynolds numbers]. Lectures from the Field of Hydro- and Aerodynamics, Innsbruck; Berlin (in German). Kármán, Th. von (1 February 1922). "Über den motorlosen Flug" [About motorless flight]. Die Naturwissenschaften (in German). 10 (6): 121–133. Bibcode:1922NW.....10..121V. doi:10.1007/BF01488103. ISSN 1432-1904. S2CID 41610344. Lilienthal, G; Kármán, Th. von (1 April 1922). "von Kármáns Erklärungen des Segelflugs" [von Kármán's explanations of gliding]. Die Naturwissenschaften (in German).


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-3
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-3.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
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parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1930s === Kármán, Th. von; Wattendorf, F. L. (1930). "Mathematik und technische Wissenschaften" [Mathematics and Engineering Sciences]. Die Naturwissenschaften (in German). 18 (1): 12–16. Bibcode:1930NW.....18...12V. doi:10.1007/BF01500951. S2CID 9793761. Kármán, Th. von (1930). "Mechanische Ähnlichkeit und Turbulenz" [Mechanical similarity and turbulence]. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen Mathematisch-physikalische Klasse (in German). Kármán, Th. von (1930). "Mechanische Ähnlichkeit und Turbulenz" [Mechanical similarity and turbulence]. Proceedings of the Third International Congress of Applied Mechanics (in German). Kármán, Th. von; Huber, K. (1930). "Zuschriften an den Herausgeber" [Letters to the Editor]. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (in German). 10 (2): 206–208. Bibcode:1930ZaMM...10..206S. doi:10.1002/zamm.19300100222. ISSN 1521-4001. Kármán, Th. von (1931). "Die Seitenwege der Luftfahrt" [The byways of aviation]. Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt (in German). 22. Kármán, Th. von; Moore, N. (1932). "The resistance of slender bodies moving with supersonic velocities". Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 54: 303–310. doi:10.1115/1.4021846. ISSN 0097-6822. S2CID 258196905. Kármán, Th. von; Moore, N. (1932). "Theorie des Reibungswiderstandes". Hydromechanische Probleme des Schiffsantriebs [Theory of the frictional resistance] (in German). pp. 50–73. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-47554-2_2. ISBN 978-3-642-47206-0. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help); |journal= ignored (help) Kármán, Th. von (1932). "Quelques problèmes actuels de l'aérodynamique" [Some


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-4
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-4.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
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parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1940s === Kármán, Th. von (1940). "Some remarks on mathematics from the engineer's viewpoint". Mechanical Engineering. Kármán, Th. von; Dunn, L.; Tsien, H. S. (1940). "The influence of curvature on the buckling characteristics of structures". Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences. 7 (7): 276–289. doi:10.2514/8.1123. ISSN 1533-385X. OCLC 809393. Kármán, Th. von (1940). "The engineer grapples with nonlinear problems" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 46 (8): 615–683. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1940-07266-0. ISSN 1088-9485. Kármán, Th. von; Malina, F. (1940). "Characteristics of the ideal solid propellant rocket motor". Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Report. 1–4 (2). Kármán, Th. von (21 November 1940). "Aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges". Engineering News-Record: 40. ISSN 0013-807X. Kármán, Th. von; Tsien, H. S. (1941). "The buckling of thin cylindrical shells under axial compressions". Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences. 8 (8): 303–312. doi:10.2514/8.10722. ISSN 1533-385X. OCLC 809393. Kármán, Th. von; Tsien, H. S. (July 1941). "Compressibility effects in aerodynamics". Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences. 8 (9): 337–356. doi:10.2514/8.10737. ISSN 1533-385X. OCLC 809393. Kármán, Th. von (1941). "Problems of flow in compressible fluids". University of Pennsylvania Bicentennial Conference. Kármán, Th. von (1942). "Isaac Newton and aerodynamics". Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences. 9 (14): 521–522. doi:10.2514/8.10958. ISSN 1533-385X.


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-5
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-5.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1950s === Kármán, Th. von; Duwez, P. (1950). "The propagation of plastic deformation in solids" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physics. 21 (10): 987. Bibcode:1950JAP....21..987V. doi:10.1063/1.1699544. Kármán, Th. von; Fabri, J. (1950). "Ecoulement transsonique à deux dimensions le long d'une paroi ondulée" [Transonic flow in two dimensions along a corrugated wall]. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des Sciences (in French). 231. Kármán, Th. von (1950). "Considérations aérodynamiques sur la formation des ondulations du sable" [Aerodynamic considerations on the formation of sand ripples]. Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, XXXV, Actions éoliennes. Phénomènes d'Évaporation et d'Hydrologie Superficielle dans les Régions Arides (in French): 103–108. Kármán, Th. von; Lin, C. C. (1951). "On the statistical theory of isotropic turbulence". Advances in Applied Mechanics. 2: 516–519. Kármán, Th. von (1951). "19". Introductory remarks on turbulence. p. 129. Bibcode:1951pca..conf..129V. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Kármán, Th. von (1951). "The theory of shock waves and the second law of thermodynamics". L'Aerotecnica. 31. Kármán, Th. von; Farquharson, F. B.; Dunn, L. G. (1952). "Aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges, Part IV. The investigation of models of the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge under the action of the wind, Part III". Bulletin of the


id: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-6
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography-6.md
category: reference
title: Theodore von Kármán bibliography
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:12.241122+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: theodore-von-k-rm-n-bibliography-20260505-0
summary:
=== 1960s === Kármán, Th. von (1961). "How to improve scientific cooperation in NATO". NATO Journal. 1. Kármán, Th. von (1961). "Space-age education". Astronautics. 6. Kármán, Th. von (1961). "Engineering education in our age". Journal of Engineering Education. 52. Kármán, Th. von; Lin, C. C. (1961). "On the existence of an exact solution of the equations of Navier-Stokes". Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics. 14. Kármán, Th. von (1962). "Introductory remarks on space propulsion problems". Advances in Astronautical Propulsion (Proceedings of a Seminar Held in Milan by Instituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere in Collaboration with AGARD, 1960). Kármán, Th. von (1962). "The developing role of nuclear energy in aerospace technology". IRE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 9 (1): 49–51. Bibcode:1962IRTNS...9...49V. doi:10.1109/TNS2.1962.4315889. S2CID 51639305. Kármán, Th. von (1962). Diax, J. B.; Pai, S. I. (eds.). "Non-linear buckling of thin shells". Fluid Dynamics and Applied Mathematics. ASIN B00K2Y0GSA. Kármán, Th. von; Kerr, A. D. (1965). Abir, D.; Ollendorff, F.; Reiner, M. (eds.). "Instability of spherical shells subjected to external pressure". Topics in Applied Mechanics (Schwerin Memorial Volume). ASIN B0093DD5Z2. == Patents == GB patent 137332, Th. von Kármán & W. Zurovec, "Improvements in captive flying machines of the helicopter type", published


id: kempe-s-engineers-year-book-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kempe's_Engineers_Year-Book-0.md
category: reference
title: Kempe's Engineers Year-Book
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kempe's_Engineers_Year-Book
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:13.384266+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: kempe-s-engineers-year-book-20260505-0
summary:
Kempe's Engineers Year Book was for many years a standard reference work of practical engineering information in the United Kingdom, covering a wide range of subjects. == History == First published in 1894 by H. R. Kempe with W. Hannaford-Smith and then published annually, except during World War II, until 2002, the book was a standard source of reference for civil, mechanical, electrical, marine, mining, and other engineers. == See also == Machinery's Handbook == References == == External links == Kempe's Engineers Year Book, 1949, Vol. 1, Archive.org Kempe's Engineers Year Book, 1949, Vol. 2, Archive.org Kempe's Engineers Year Book, 1969, Vol. 2, Archive.org Kempe's Engineers Year Book, 1989, Vol. 1, Archive.org Kempe's Engineers Year Book, 1985, Archive.org


id: metamaterials-handbook-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamaterials_Handbook-0.md
category: reference
title: Metamaterials Handbook
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamaterials_Handbook
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:14.544628+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: metamaterials-handbook-20260505-0
summary:
Metamaterials Handbook is a two-volume handbook on metamaterials edited by Filippo Capolino professor of electrical engineering in University of California. The series is designed to cover all theory and application topics related to electromagnetic metamaterials. Disciplines have combined to study, and develop electromagnetic metamaterials. Some of these disciplines are optics, physics, electromagnetic theory (including computational methods) microfabrication, microwaves, nanofabrication, nanotechnology, and nanochemistry. == Theory and Phenomena of Metamaterials == Theory and Phenomena of Metamaterials is the first volume of the Metamaterials Handbook. It contains contributions from researchers (scientists) who have produced accepted results in the field of metamaterials. Most of the contributors are associated with Metamorphose VI AISBL, a non-profit, European organization that focuses on artificial electromagnetic materials and metamaterials. Metamorphose provided access to the network of contributors (researchers) who work in a variety of scientific disciplines, involved with metamaterials This book is in an article review format, covering prior work in metamaterials. It focuses on theories underpinning metamaterial research along with the properties of metamaterials. The text covers all areas of metamaterial research. == Applications of Metamaterials == Applications of Metamaterials is the second volume of the Metamaterials Handbook. This book derives its organization for discussion of its topics


id: rescuing-prometheus-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rescuing_Prometheus-0.md
category: reference
title: Rescuing Prometheus
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rescuing_Prometheus
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:15.701550+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: rescuing-prometheus-20260505-0
summary:
Rescuing Prometheus: Four Monumental Projects That Changed the Modern World (1998) is a book by Thomas P. Hughes. The book uses four extremely large engineering projects of the late 20th century as examples to explore how the limits of modern system engineering are stressed by real life projects. It also traces the development of the management of large technical system development. The book documents four massively-cooperative projects: Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE), a computer- and radar-based air-defense system The Atlas project, which produced America's first ICBM Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel Project, a traffic-unclogging system of highways, tunnels and bridges originally scheduled for completion in 2004 ARPANET, an interactive computer-based information network that paved the way for the Internet == See also == Large Technical System == References == Rescuing Prometheus: Four Monumental Projects That Changed the Modern World (ISBN 0-679-73938-6) by Thomas P. Hughes, 2000.


id: roman-building-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Building-0.md
category: reference
title: Roman Building
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Building
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:16.869160+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: roman-building-20260505-0
summary:
Roman Building: Materials and Techniques (French: La Construction Romaine: matériaux et techniques) is a treatise on Roman construction by French architect and archaeologist Jean-Pierre Adam, first published in 1984. A second edition was published in 1989, and an English translation by Anthony Mathews was published in 1994. The book comprehensively studies architecture across the Roman empire throughout its history, focusing on technique rather than design. == Contents == The book has 11 chapters: Surveying Materials Construction using Large Stone Blocks Structures of Mixed Construction Masonry Construction Arches and Vaults Carpentry Wall Covering Floors Civil Engineering Domestic and Commercial Architecture == Reception == When the translation was released, several reviewers of Roman Building such as classicist Nigel Spivey commended it for its thorough, accurate coverage. These English-speaking academics noted its ambitious scope beyond almost all previous scholarly works: it treated all areas of construction technique throughout ancient Rome's history across all of Roman territory. While classicist Roger Ulrich was among them, he noticed that the French author emphasized Italy, Gaul and North Africa in his choice of examples, and within Italy the well-preserved cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. He also faulted the treatise's sometimes inaccurate handling of Latin technical terminology. ==


id: what-engineers-know-and-how-they-know-it-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Engineers_Know_and_How_They_Know_It-0.md
category: reference
title: What Engineers Know and How They Know It
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Engineers_Know_and_How_They_Know_It
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:18.027908+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: what-engineers-know-and-how-they-know-it-20260505-0
summary:
What Engineers Know and How they Know It: Analytical Studies from Aeronautical History (The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990) is a historical reflection on engineering practice in US aeronautics from 1908 to 1953 written by Walter Vincenti (1917–2019) an accomplished practitioner and instructor. This period represents the dawn of aviation which was fraught with uncertainties and numerous paths to many possible worlds. The book captures two main conclusions from this period. The first order conclusion of this book is about "what engineers know." Five case studies from the history of aeronautical engineering are used to argue engineering often demands its own scientific discoveries. Thus, engineering should be understood as a knowledge-generating activity that includes applied science but is not limited to applied science. The second order conclusion of this book pertains to "how engineers know" by using the same case studies to reveal patterns in the nature of all engineering. These patterns form an “epistemology” of engineering that may point the way to an “engineering method” as something distinct from scientific method. Walter Vincenti ends the work with a general "variation-selection model" for understanding the direction of technological innovation in human history. The book is filled with numerous additional observations


id: what-engineers-know-and-how-they-know-it-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Engineers_Know_and_How_They_Know_It-1.md
category: reference
title: What Engineers Know and How They Know It
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Engineers_Know_and_How_They_Know_It
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:18.027908+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: what-engineers-know-and-how-they-know-it-20260505-0
summary:
== An Epistemology of Engineering (How Engineers Know) == Throughout the book, Walter Vincenti makes epistemology observations pertaining to engineering. The following are six of several observations made throughout the book. These observations do not constitute an "engineering method" per se but offer a conjecture that they may point the way for further research. He wrote, "in the final paragraph of chapter 5, I also raised the question of whether it might be profitable to look for "engineering method" analogous to but distinguishable from scientific method that has been a fruitful concern for the history of science. Could it be that the variation-selection process outlined here is that method, with its distinctive features lying in the criterion of selection and the vicarious methods used to shortcut direct trial?" === Seven Interactive Elements of Engineering Learning === First, there is a pattern to the iterative engineering discovery process seen in the development of flying-quality specifications. This process is referred to as "Seven Interactive Elements of Engineering Learning" and includes: Familiarization with vehicle and recognition of problem. Identification of basic variables and derivation of analytical concepts and criteria. Development of instruments/piloting techniques for in-flight measurements. Growth and refinement of pilot opinion regarding


id: what-engineers-know-and-how-they-know-it-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Engineers_Know_and_How_They_Know_It-2.md
category: reference
title: What Engineers Know and How They Know It
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Engineers_Know_and_How_They_Know_It
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:18.027908+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: what-engineers-know-and-how-they-know-it-20260505-0
summary:
==== Uncertainty In the Variation-Selection Process (blindness in variation and unsureness in selection) ==== In the long term, “the entire variation-selection process—variation and selection together—is filled with uncertainty.” The level of uncertainty is affected by two things. First, “uncertainty comes from the degree of blindness in the variations.” Uncertainty in the whole process decreases as technology matures—he notes that aircraft designers of today operate with more “sure-footedness” than the French of the early 1900s or even his era working at NACA. Yet, there is a paradox in decreasing blindness. While blindness decreases over time, advances simultaneously become more difficult to come by and more sophisticated... which in turn increases blindness! Thus the temptation to see a net decrease in blindesss “stems from an illusion.” The variation-selection process can create as much blindness as it reduces; just ask “talented engineers who struggle to advance a mature technology like present-day aeronautics…” The second factor on uncertainty in the whole variation-selection model is “unsureness” in the process of selection. Both vicarious and overt trials suffer from unsureness which adds complication to the variation selection model. But unlike blindness in variation, unsureness in selection decreases with the precision in both kinds of trials. Blindness


id: list-of-environmental-books-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_environmental_books-0.md
category: reference
title: List of environmental books
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_environmental_books
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:19.728194+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-environmental-books-20260505-0
summary:
Humans have been writing about the environment for centuries, and the environment has figured prominently as a theme in both Western and Eastern philosophies. Books about or featuring the environment as a prominent theme have proliferated especially since the middle of the twentieth century. The rise of environmental science, which has encouraged interdisciplinary approaches to studying the environment, and the environmental movement, which has increased public and political awareness of humanity's impact on the environment, have been highly influential. The 1962 publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring has been regarded as particularly important in popularizing environmental science and helping to launch the modern environmental movement. The emergence of the environmental humanities, including fields like environmental history, has also been important in bridging divides between the sciences and humanities and encouraging further interdisciplinary approaches. The environment also features prominently in much fictional literature. This page is a list of environmental books. In this context they are notable books that feature the environment as a major theme, including human impacts on the environment. == Non-fiction environmental books == Non-fiction accounts are ones that are presented as factual, although often in the context of subjective argument. Non-fiction environmental books may, for example, be


id: list-of-australian-environmental-books-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_environmental_books-0.md
category: reference
title: List of Australian environmental books
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_environmental_books
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:20.901271+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: list-of-australian-environmental-books-20260505-0
summary:
This is a list of Australian environmental books: Global Spin: The Corporate Assault on Environmentalism (1997), by Sharon Beder Human Ecology, Human Economy: Ideas for an Ecologically Sustainable Future (1997), edited by Mark Diesendorf and Clive Hamilton Running from the Storm: The Development of Climate Change Policy in Australia (2001), by Clive Hamilton A Big Fix: Radical Solutions for Australia's Environmental Crisis (2005), by Ian Lowe Living in the Hothouse: How Global Warming Affects Australia (2005), by Ian Lowe The Weather Makers (2005), by Tim Flannery Environmental Principles and Policies (2006), by Sharon Beder Chasing Kangaroos (2007), by Tim Flannery Greenhouse Solutions with Sustainable Energy (2007), by Mark Diesendorf High and Dry: John Howard, Climate Change and the Selling of Australia's Future (2007), by Guy Pearse Maralinga: Australia’s Nuclear Waste Cover-up (2007), by Alan Parkinson Reaction Time: Climate Change and the Nuclear Option (2007), by Ian Lowe Scorcher: The Dirty Politics of Climate Change (2007), by Clive Hamilton Climate Code Red: The Case for Emergency Action (2008), by David Spratt and Philip Sutton Now or Never: A Sustainable Future for Australia? (2008), by Tim Flannery Quarry Vision: Coal, Climate Change and the End of the Resources Boom (2009), by Guy


id: 1491-new-revelations-of-the-americas-before-columbus-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491:_New_Revelations_of_the_Americas_Before_Columbus-0.md
category: reference
title: 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491:_New_Revelations_of_the_Americas_Before_Columbus
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:22.072580+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 1491-new-revelations-of-the-americas-before-columbus-20260505-0
summary:
1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus is a 2005 non-fiction book by American author and science writer Charles C. Mann about the pre-Columbian Americas. It was the 2006 winner of the National Academies Communication Award for best creative work that helps the public's understanding of topics in science, engineering or medicine. The book presents recent research findings from different fields which suggest human populations in the Western Hemisphere—that is, the Indigenous peoples of the Americas—were more numerous, had arrived earlier, were more sophisticated culturally, and controlled and shaped the natural landscape to a greater extent than scholars had previously thought. The author notes that, according to these findings, two of the first six independent centers of civilization arose in the Americas: the first, Norte Chico or Caral-Supe, in present-day northern Peru; and that of formative-era Mesoamerica in what is now southern Mexico. == Book summary == Mann develops his arguments from a variety of recent re-assessments of long-standing views about the pre-Columbian world, based on new findings in demography, climatology, epidemiology, economics, botany, genetics, image analysis, palynology, molecular biology, biochemistry, and soil science. Although there is no consensus, and Mann acknowledges controversies, he asserts that the general trend


id: 1491-new-revelations-of-the-americas-before-columbus-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491:_New_Revelations_of_the_Americas_Before_Columbus-1.md
category: reference
title: 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491:_New_Revelations_of_the_Americas_Before_Columbus
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:22.072580+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 1491-new-revelations-of-the-americas-before-columbus-20260505-0
summary:
"the Maya collapsed because they overshot the carrying capacity of their environment. They exhausted their resource base, began to die of starvation and thirst, and fled their cities 'en masse', leaving them as silent warnings of the perils of ecological hubris." Mann discusses the growing evidence that shows Native Americans did indeed transform their lands. Most Native Americans shaped their environment with fire, using slash-and-burn techniques to clear forests and create grasslands for cultivation and to encourage the abundance of game animals. Native Americans domesticated fewer animals and cultivated plant life differently from their European counterparts, but did so quite intensively nonetheless. Ancient cultures in South America have been found to have constructed elaborate irrigation systems, terraced steep mountains to produce crops, and defensively protected their settlements. The author suggests that Europeans' limited and often racist views about indigenous peoples, in addition to the lack of a common language among the indigenous peoples, often resulted in the failure of Europeans to recognize how Native Americans managed their lands. Some historians have drawn conclusions such as the "law of environmental limitation of culture" (Betty J. Meggers); that is, Native Americans' practices before slash and burn worked because vast expanses of healthy


id: 2052-a-global-forecast-for-the-next-forty-years-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2052:_A_Global_Forecast_for_the_Next_Forty_Years-0.md
category: reference
title: 2052: A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2052:_A_Global_Forecast_for_the_Next_Forty_Years
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:23.264731+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 2052-a-global-forecast-for-the-next-forty-years-20260505-0
summary:
2052 – A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years is a 2012 book describing trends in global development. It is written by Jørgen Randers and is a follow-up to The Limits to Growth, which in 1972 was the first worldwide report by the Club of Rome. It differs in three ways from the previous report. First, it does not describe an impending disaster scenario, but shows only trends. Secondly, it is to be read in the light of experience since 1972, namely, that all of humanity has responded to the report, but with a delay of 20 to 40 years. Thirdly, it offers not only future scenarios, it makes concrete proposals on how the individual should respond to emerging developments. Randers repeatedly points out that he does not want to predict specific events, only general trends. == Global forecast == The underlying logic of the prognosis Randers's reflections are based on two central questions: "What will happen to the consumer over the next 40 years?" and "Under what conditions – in which social and natural environment – will this future consumption take place?" (p. 78). He uses computer models to make sure feedback effects are not overlooked. Forecast on


id: 2081-a-hopeful-view-of-the-human-future-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2081:_A_Hopeful_View_of_the_Human_Future-0.md
category: reference
title: 2081: A Hopeful View of the Human Future
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2081:_A_Hopeful_View_of_the_Human_Future
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:24.446416+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: 2081-a-hopeful-view-of-the-human-future-20260505-0
summary:
2081: A Hopeful View of the Human Future is a 1981 book by Princeton physicist Gerard K. O'Neill. The book is an attempt to predict the social and technological state of humanity 100 years in the future. O'Neill's positive attitude towards both technology and human potential distinguished this book from gloomy predictions of a Malthusian catastrophe by contemporary scientists. Paul R. Ehrlich wrote in 1968 in The Population Bomb, "in the 1970s and 1980s hundreds of millions of people will starve to death". The Club of Rome's 1972 Limits to Growth predicted a catastrophic end to the Industrial Revolution within 100 years from resource exhaustion and pollution. O'Neill's contrary view had two main components. First, he analyzed the previous attempts to predict the future of society—including many catastrophes that had not materialized. Second, he extrapolated historical trends under the assumption that the obstacles identified by other authors would be overcome by five technological "Drivers of Change". He extrapolated an average American family income in 2081 of $1 million/year. Two developments based on his own research were responsible for much of his optimism. In The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space O'Neill described solar power satellites that provide unlimited clean energy,


id: abundance-the-future-is-better-than-you-think-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance:_The_Future_Is_Better_Than_You_Think-0.md
category: reference
title: Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance:_The_Future_Is_Better_Than_You_Think
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:25.569105+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: abundance-the-future-is-better-than-you-think-20260505-0
summary:
Abundance: The Future Is Better Than You Think is a non-fiction book on advancing the human condition authored by Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler that was published in 2012. Diamandis is otherwise primarily known for founding the X Prize Foundation, a nonprofit effort based around scientific competitions, and Kotler is otherwise known both as a journalist and as a writer of previous works. The writers refer to the work's title as signifying a future in which nine billion people have access to clean water, food, energy, health care, housing, education, and everything else that is necessary for a fully meaningful standard of living, this occurring due to rapid developments in technological innovation causing economic progress during the decades of the 2010s and 2020s. Critical praise came from the U.S. publications Christian Science Monitor and Time. == Reviews and commentary == Bryan Walsh of Time said the book's message is that the future will be better than we think, even with all the bad news. He mentioned that despite the constant negative information, a closer look at the numbers shows that things are better than we believe. Kate Wiede of the Christian Science Monitor published a praising review that remarked


id: all-the-fish-in-the-sea-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_the_Fish_in_the_Sea-0.md
category: reference
title: All the Fish in the Sea
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_the_Fish_in_the_Sea
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:26.755676+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: all-the-fish-in-the-sea-20260505-0
summary:
All the Fish in the Sea: Maximum Sustainable Yield and the Failure of Fisheries Management is a 2011 book by Carmel Finley. The book argues that the policies for international fishing and whaling management were essentially locked in place by 1958, and that the United States played a large role in setting them. In the development of the international law covering fisheries, the US supported laws that would protect the US tuna and salmon fisheries while limiting the ability of other nations, and Japan in particular, to fish in US waters. The book thus ties fisheries management inseparably with Cold War politics. In particular, Finley traces the development of the concept of maximum sustainable yield (MSY), arguing that MSY had no scientific basis and thus was a political and economic construct more than a scientific one. The "model did not represent the codification of quantitative, empirical evidence." Once instituted, instead of limiting fishing, MSY's assertion that underfishing wasted oceanic resources meant MSY "was not really a limit, but a goal to be reached," thus encouraging more fishing rather than less. The book engages the myth of the "Tragedy of the Commons" by demonstrating that governmental action and international policy led


id: amazon-watershed-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Watershed-0.md
category: reference
title: Amazon Watershed
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Watershed
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:27.928663+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: amazon-watershed-20260505-0
summary:
Amazon Watershed : the new environmental investigation is a 1991 book by British writer and environmental and political activist George Monbiot. == Synopsis == The book is an investigation into the expulsion of peasants from their homes and their forced relocation to the Amazon. Military police attempt to kill Monbiot as he exposes a vast military project opening up the area to logging and deforestation. He tracks timber cut illegally from Indian reserves all the way back to retailers in the United Kingdom. According to the publishers, Monbiot also "examines the role of the British and American governments in promoting, wittingly or otherwise, this great ecological catastrophe". == Reception == The book won the Natural World Book Prize, described as "the premier environmental book prize in the UK" in 1991. == References ==


id: an-appeal-to-reason-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Appeal_to_Reason-0.md
category: reference
title: An Appeal to Reason
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Appeal_to_Reason
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:29.096630+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: an-appeal-to-reason-20260505-0
summary:
An Appeal to Reason: A Cool Look at Global Warming is a 2008 pseudoscientific climate change denial book by Nigel Lawson. In it, Lawson claims that, although global warming is happening, the science is far from settled. He opposes the scientific consensus as summarized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). He also argues that warming will bring both benefits and negative consequences, and that the impact of these changes will be relatively moderate rather than apocalyptic. The book has been rejected by climatologists, including IPCC authors Jean Palutikof and Robert Watson as unscientific. == Overview == This book is an expansion of a lecture which Lawson gave in 2006 to the Centre for Policy Studies, a think tank with links to the Conservative Party. The lecture was called "The Economics and Politics of Climate Change. An Appeal to Reason" The book claims to examine each of the dimensions of the global warming issue, including the science, the economics, both from the perspective of long-term forecasting and cost-effectiveness analysis, the politics, and the ethical aspect. The book begins by arguing that "the science of global warming is far from settled." Although Lawson accepts that warming is real, he questions


id: aqueous-wastes-from-petroleum-and-petrochemical-plants-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_Wastes_from_Petroleum_and_Petrochemical_Plants-0.md
category: reference
title: Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_Wastes_from_Petroleum_and_Petrochemical_Plants
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:30.261378+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: aqueous-wastes-from-petroleum-and-petrochemical-plants-20260505-0
summary:
Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants is a book about the composition and treatment of the various wastewater streams produced in the hydrocarbon processing industries (i.e., oil refineries, petrochemical plants and natural gas processing plants). When it was published in 1967, it was the first book devoted to that subject. The book is notable for being the first technical publication of a method for the rigorous tray-by-tray design of steam distillation towers for removing hydrogen sulfide from oil refinery wastewaters. Such towers are commonly referred to as sour water strippers. The design method was also presented at a World Petroleum Congress Meeting shortly after the book was published. The subjects covered in the book include wastewater pollutants and the pertinent governmental regulations, oil refinery and petrochemical plant wastewater effluents, treatment methods, miscellaneous effluents, data on the cost of various wastewater treatment methods, and an extensive reference list. == Availability in libraries == The book became a classic in its field and is available in major university, public and industrial libraries worldwide. The book has no ISBN because they were not in use in 1967. The Library of Congress catalog number (LCCN) is 67019834 and the British Library system number


id: arming-mother-nature-the-birth-of-catastrophic-environmentalism-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arming_Mother_Nature:_The_Birth_of_Catastrophic_Environmentalism-0.md
category: reference
title: Arming Mother Nature: The Birth of Catastrophic Environmentalism
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arming_Mother_Nature:_The_Birth_of_Catastrophic_Environmentalism
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:31.419073+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: arming-mother-nature-the-birth-of-catastrophic-environmentalism-20260505-0
summary:
Arming Mother Nature is a 2013 non-fiction book by Jacob Darwin Hamblin, a history professor at Oregon State University. His book argues that The Pentagon and its military planning for WW III promoted "catastrophic environmentalism" by funding environmental science in the Cold War after WW II. The Pentagon planners were interested in the various ways in which natural processes could be harnessed to kill millions of people and/or destroy the agricultural, or other, sectors of the economies of enemy nations. == Reception == According to Professor Gregg Mitman of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Hamblin's book gives a compelling account of how military thinking about WW III and military sources of money supported the scientific study, monitoring, and diplomacy of planet Earth's environment. Mitman particularly commends how a book chapter reveals connections between Charles Elton's research on invasive species and military planners' concerns about agriculture and national security. Reviews indicate that Arming Mother Nature is well-documented and well-written. == Awards == The book won the 2014 Paul Birdsall Prize from the American Historical Association and the 2016 Watson Davis and Helen Miles Davis Prize from the History of Science Society. == See also == Environmental disaster Environmental impact of war Nuclear


id: atlas-of-our-changing-environment-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Our_Changing_Environment-0.md
category: reference
title: Atlas of Our Changing Environment
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Our_Changing_Environment
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:32.575354+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: atlas-of-our-changing-environment-20260505-0
summary:
Atlas of Our Changing Environment is a series of atlases published beginning in 2005 by the United Nations Environment Programme. The series includes: One Planet Many People: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (2005) Africa Lakes: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (2006) Africa: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (2008) These publications primarily make use of historical and recent satellite data alongside maps and photos to highlight areas of environmental change around the globe. == References == == External links == Official website Africa Lakes: Atlas of Our Changing Environment at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived 2015-12-15) Africa: Atlas of Our Changing Environment at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived 2015-12-15) WorldCat


id: awful-splendour-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awful_Splendour-0.md
category: reference
title: Awful Splendour
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awful_Splendour
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:33.721849+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: awful-splendour-20260505-0
summary:
Awful Splendour: A Fire History of Canada is a 2007 non-fiction book by American environmental historian Stephen J. Pyne. It examines the natural, social and political history of forest fires in Canada. == Background == Author Pyne has a long relationship with forest fires; the Arizona State University professor was a wildland firefighter on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon for fifteen years, as well as a member of the United Nations Wildfire Advisory Group. The book is part of a series on forest fires by Pyne. In his Circle of Fire series, he has covered forest fires in the U.S., Australia and on a global scale. The Canadian Forest Service encouraged Pyne to tackle the topic of Canadian forest fires. The phrase "awful splendour" was taken from a quote from early Canadian naturalist Henry Youle Hind, referring to the destructive beauty of prairie fires. == Synopsis == The book is divided into three sections, titled "Torch", "Axe", and "Engine", roughly corresponding to the pre-contact, exploration, and industrial periods of Canadian history. In its frequent mentions of American experiences with fire, the book engages in some comparative history. Pyne defines several geographical "rings" of fire in Canada, including the


id: beaverland-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaverland-0.md
category: reference
title: Beaverland
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaverland
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:34.882290+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beaverland-20260505-0
summary:
Beaverland: How One Weird Rodent Made America is a non-fiction book written by Leila Philip published on December 6, 2022 by Twelve Books. == Overview == Beaverland is a non-fiction book describing the behavior, history, and cultural significance of the North American beaver. Philip discusses the relationship between beavers and humans throughout history with a focus on Indigenous cultures and the American westward expansion. The title, Beaverland, is an allusion to Philip's argument that "Before 1600, all of the continent from west to east, save a few desert sections, had stretched out as one great Beaverland". == Reception == Beaverland received positive reviews from critics. Kate Bellody reviewed the book for Library Journal and positively described the level of detail it gave to beaver activity, along with praising Philip for weaving discussion of "Indigenous wisdom" throughout the book. Richard Adams Carey, writing in The Wall Street Journal, described Beaverland as being "in parts a memoir, a local and national history, and a sort of quest narrative." Kirkus Reviews noted the large amount of field research conducted by Philip while writing the book, while Publishers Weekly praised Philip's prose and described the book as a "triumph of popular nature writing." Beaverland


id: beyond-oil-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Oil-0.md
category: reference
title: Beyond Oil
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Oil
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:36.118309+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beyond-oil-20260505-0
summary:
Beyond Oil: The View from Hubbert's Peak is a 2005 book by Kenneth S. Deffeyes. Deffeyes was a geologist who warned of the coming oil crisis in a previous book called Hubbert's Peak. == Overview == In this book, he explores the Earth's supply of potential replacement fuels for oil. Beyond Oil evaluates a range of primary energy sources ("fuels from the earth"), from petroleum to heavy oil, oil shale, tar sands, natural gas, coal, uranium, and hydrogen (which, as he notes, is actually an energy carrier and not a source), and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of each. Finally making scientific based policy decisions is a task for all citizens. The book begins with brief explanations of the supply problem of liquid hydrocarbons used mostly as transportation fuel. Then he explains a simpler math version of Hubbert's differential calculus to estimate what is available in the ground, see Hubbert linearization. The middle part covers the different energy resources which are available in the ground. Additionally the hydrogen path is discussed including conversion options and efficiencies from different energy forms (coal to electricity) into this gaseous energy carrier. Finally the last Chapter is an essay on the big picture from


id: beyond-silent-spring-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Silent_Spring-0.md
category: reference
title: Beyond Silent Spring
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_Silent_Spring
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:37.277318+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beyond-silent-spring-20260505-0
summary:
Beyond Silent Spring: Integrated Pest Management and Chemical Safety is a 1996 book about environmentalism edited by Helmut Fritz van Emden and David Peakall. It is a follow-up to the influential 1962 book Silent Spring. == References ==


id: beyond-the-limits-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_the_Limits-0.md
category: reference
title: Beyond the Limits
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_the_Limits
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:38.387659+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: beyond-the-limits-20260505-0
summary:
Beyond the Limits is a 1992 book continuing the modeling of the consequences of a rapidly growing global population that was started in the 1972 report The Limits to Growth. Donella Meadows, Dennis Meadows, and Jørgen Randers are the authors and all were involved in the original Club of Rome study as well. Beyond the Limits (Chelsea Green Publishing Company) and Earthscan addressed many of the criticisms of the The Limits to Growth book, but still has caused controversy and mixed reactions. == Influence == Billionaire investor Richard Rainwater indicates having been influenced to invest in oil in the 1990s upon reading Beyond the Limits. His niece Kelley Rainwater reports she gave him this book as a Christmas present. She was introduced to the book through Dr. Jay Earley who is a social transformation theorist and colleague of the Meadows. == See also == Donella Meadows' twelve leverage points to intervene in a system World3 Steady-state economy Peak oil The Limits to Growth The Ultimate Resource == References ==


id: a-big-fix-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Big_Fix-0.md
category: reference
title: A Big Fix
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Big_Fix
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:39.538488+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: a-big-fix-20260505-0
summary:
A Big Fix: Radical Solutions for Australia's Environmental Crisis is a 2005 book by Ian Lowe which argues that the warnings from environmental scientists are urgent and unequivocal. Lowe suggests that resources are being used too quickly, environmental systems are being compromised, and society is being destabilised by the increasing gap between rich and poor. Lowe proposes several radical solutions. He advocates a fundamental change to our personal values and social institutions and provides a vision of a healthier society – one that is more humane, takes an eco-centric approach, adopts longer-term thinking, and respects natural systems. == See also == List of Australian environmental books == References ==


id: black-faces-white-spaces-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Faces,_White_Spaces-0.md
category: reference
title: Black Faces, White Spaces
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Faces,_White_Spaces
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:40.703518+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: black-faces-white-spaces-20260505-0
summary:
Black Faces, White Spaces: Reimagining the Relationship of African Americans to the Great Outdoors is a 2014 book by cultural geographer Carolyn Finney. The book examines the relationship between African Americans and the environment, particularly challenging the notion of the environment and environmentalism as white spaces. Black Faces, White Spaces uses a combination of autoethnographic accounts, discourse analysis of media, interviews, and analysis of artistic forms of expression to contextualize a narrative about environmental policy and race relations in the United States. Finney explores the subject through the lenses of environmental history, feminist and critical race theories. In her discussion of American experiences with the environment, Finney highlights how the legacy of slavery creates disparities in the impact of environmental laws such as the Wilderness Act due to factors such as racial segregation. Black Faces, White Spaces challenges assumptions that the environmental movement makes about universal values, individualism, and agency, arguing that they reflect a class-based and racial power structure that denies participation from people of color. == References ==


id: blessed-unrest-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Unrest-0.md
category: reference
title: Blessed Unrest
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Unrest
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:41.837880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: blessed-unrest-20260505-0
summary:
Blessed Unrest: How the Largest Movement in the World Came into Being and Why No One Saw It Coming is a 2007 New York Times bestseller by Paul Hawken. The book is about the many non-profit groups and community organizations, dedicated to many different causes, which Hawken calls the "environmental and social justice movement". Hawken explains that this is a diverse movement with no charismatic leader. The movement follows no unifying ideology, and is not recognized by politicians, the public and the media. But, Hawken argues, it has the potential to benefit the planet. A New York Times reviewer states that Blessed Unrest is "about a movement that no one has noticed, not even the people involved". For this reviewer, the "high point of the book is Hawken's excellent critique of the chemical industry's attack on Rachel Carson's Silent Spring in 1962", at a time when she was fighting cancer. Hawken also tells the stories of other people who have endured hardship and difficulty as they stood up to large corporations. == See also == Environmental movement Leaderless resistance The Starfish and the Spider Unorganisation Wiser.org == References == == External links == Blessed Unrest for a Wiser Earth: John


id: the-blue-economy-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blue_Economy-0.md
category: reference
title: The Blue Economy
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blue_Economy
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:42.979554+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-blue-economy-20260505-0
summary:
The Blue Economy: 10 years – 100 innovations – 100 million jobs is a book by Gunter Pauli. The book expresses the ultimate aim that a "Blue Economy business model" will shift society from scarcity to abundance "with what is locally available", by tackling issues that cause environmental and related problems in new ways. == Contents == The book highlights potential benefits in connecting and combining seemingly disparate environmental problems with open-source scientific solutions based upon physical processes common in the natural world, to create solutions that are both environmentally beneficial and which have financial and wider social benefits. The book suggests that we can alter the way in which we run our industrial processes and tackle resultant environmental problems, refocusing from the use of rare and high-energy cost resources to instead seek solutions based upon simpler and cleaner technologies. The book proposes to focus on the generation of more value, instead of blindly cutting costs. The book aims to inspire entrepreneurs to adopt its insights, by demonstrating ways in which this can create economic benefits via job creation, reduced energy use, and more revenue streams from each step of the process, at the same time benefiting the communities involved.


id: a-blueprint-for-survival-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Blueprint_for_Survival-0.md
category: reference
title: A Blueprint for Survival
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Blueprint_for_Survival
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:44.149436+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: a-blueprint-for-survival-20260505-0
summary:
A Blueprint for Survival was an influential environmentalist text that drew attention to the urgency and magnitude of environmental problems. First published as a special edition of The Ecologist in January 1972, it was later published in book form and went on to sell more than 750,000 copies. The Blueprint was signed by over thirty of the leading scientists of the day—including Sir Julian Huxley, Sir Frank Fraser Darling, Sir Peter Medawar, E. J. Mishan and Sir Peter Scott. It was largely written by Edward Goldsmith and Robert Allen (with contributions from John Davoll and Sam Lawrence of the Conservation Society, and Michael Allaby) who argued for a radically restructured society in order to prevent what the authors referred to as "the breakdown of society and the irreversible disruption of the life-support systems on this planet". It recommended that people live in small, decentralised and largely de-industrialised communities. Some of the reasons given for this were that: it is too difficult to enforce moral behaviour in a large community agricultural and business practices are more likely to be ecologically sound in smaller communities people feel more fulfilled in smaller communities reducing an area's population reduces the environmental impact The authors


id: break-through-book-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break_Through_(book)-0.md
category: reference
title: Break Through (book)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break_Through_(book)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:45.331025+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: break-through-book-20260505-0
summary:
Break Through: From the Death of Environmentalism to the Politics of Possibility, first published in October 2007, is a book written by Ted Nordhaus and Michael Shellenberger, both long-time environmental strategists. Break Through is an argument for a positive, "post-environmental" politics that abandons the traditional environmentalist focus on nature protection for a focus on creating a new sustainable economy. The book is based on a controversial October-2004 essay by the same authors, "The Death of Environmentalism: Global Warming Politics in a Post-Environmental World." The essay argues that environmentalism is conceptually and institutionally incapable of dealing with climate change and should "die" so that a new politics can be born. The essay was widely discussed among liberals and greens at Salon, Grist, and The New York Times. After the failure of climate legislation in the U.S. Senate for the third time in June 2008, Time magazine named Nordhaus and Shellenberger "Heroes of the Environment", calling Break Through "prescient" for its prediction that climate policy should focus not on making fossil fuels expensive through regulation but rather on making clean energy cheap. The book's authors reiterated this argument in a September 2008 op-ed for the Los Angeles Times, arguing for $30–$50bn in


id: break-through-book-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break_Through_(book)-1.md
category: reference
title: Break Through (book)
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break_Through_(book)
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:45.331025+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: break-through-book-20260505-0
summary:
Climate change and the political response to it is already defining a new fault line in the culture. On one side of that line will be a global NIMBYism that sees the planet as too fragile to support the hopes and dreams of seven billion humans. It will seek to establish and enforce the equivalent of an international caste system in which the poor of the developing world are consigned to energy poverty in perpetuity. This politics of limits will be anti-immigration, anti-globalization, and anti-growth. It will be zero-sum, fiscally conservative, and deficit-oriented. It will combine Malthusian environmentalism with Hobbesian conservatism. On the other side will be those who believe that there is room enough for all of us to live secure and free lives. It will be pro-growth, progressive, and internationalist. It will drive global development by creating new markets. It will see in institutions like the WTO, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund not a corporate conspiracy to keep people poor and destroy the environment, but an opportunity to drive a kind of development that is both sustainable and equitable. It will embrace technology without being technocratic. It will seek adaptation proactively, not fatalistically. It will


id: bringing-whales-ashore-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bringing_Whales_Ashore-0.md
category: reference
title: Bringing Whales Ashore
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bringing_Whales_Ashore
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:46.460009+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: bringing-whales-ashore-20260505-0
summary:
Bringing Whales Ashore: Oceans and the Environment of Early Modern Japan is a 2018 book by Jakobina K. Arch. The book details the history of whaling in Japan, especially during the Tokugawa period. In particular, the book notes the relationship between the Japanese archipelago and the maritime space around it, as well as between the shore and inland populations of Japan. While shore-based and near-shore whaling was big business in early modern Japan, employing tens of thousands of workers and drawing substantial investment, the practice was unsustainable, and it fell off before the middle of the nineteenth century, even before American whaling ships had a major impact on Pacific whale species. If the oceans are paid attention to as global environments and as key sources of nutrients and economic resources, the book argues, then Tokugawa Japan was neither as self-sufficient nor as sustainable as has previously been argued. This decline in whaling by about the 1840s brings the book's argument up to the present. The book "finds little evidence of Japan's supposed 9,000-year unbroken whaling tradition in modern factory-ship whaling," which would thus render Japan's twentieth century claims to qualify for exemptions from the International Whaling Commission's moratorium on commercial


id: brittle-power-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittle_Power-0.md
category: reference
title: Brittle Power
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittle_Power
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:47.637613+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: brittle-power-20260505-0
summary:
Brittle Power: Energy Strategy for National Security is a 1982 book by Amory B. Lovins and L. Hunter Lovins, prepared originally as a Pentagon study and re-released in 2001 following the September 11 attacks. The book argues that the U.S. domestic energy infrastructure is very vulnerable to disruption, whether by accident or malice, often even more so than US technology is vulnerable to disruption of the imported oil supply. According to the authors, a resilient energy system is feasible, costs less, works better, and is favoured in the market, but is rejected by U.S. policy. In the preface to the 2001 edition, Lovins explains that these themes are still very current. == Vulnerability to large-scale failures == Lovins argues that the United States has for decades been running on energy that is "brittle" (easily shattered by accident or malice) and that this poses a grave and growing threat to national security, life, and liberty. Lovins explains that this danger comes not from hostile ideology but from misapplied technology. The size, complexity, pattern, and control structure of the electrical power system makes it inherently vulnerable to large-scale failures. The same is true of the technologies that deliver coal, gas, and oil


id: cadillac-desert-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Desert-0.md
category: reference
title: Cadillac Desert
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Desert
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:48.785481+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cadillac-desert-20260505-0
summary:
Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water is a 1986 American history book by Marc Reisner about land development and water policy in the western United States. The book largely focuses on the history of two federal agencies, the Bureau of Reclamation and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and their struggles to remake the American West in ways to satisfy national settlement and energy generation goals. The book concludes that the development-driven policies, formed when settling the West was the country's main concern, have had serious long-term negative effects on the environment and water quantity. The book was revised and updated in 1993, with a new afterword by the author. The book was again reissued in 2017, with a lengthy Postscript by Lawrie Mott, a former staff scientist at the Natural Resources Defense Council. == Topics discussed == == Reception == In a review written shortly after publication, The New York Times described the book as "a revealing, absorbing, often amusing and alarming report on where billions of their dollars have gone – and where a lot more are going." In 1986, Cadillac Desert was a finalist for both the National Book Critics' Circle Award and the


id: california-against-the-sea-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Against_the_Sea-0.md
category: reference
title: California Against the Sea
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Against_the_Sea
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:49.936651+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: california-against-the-sea-20260505-0
summary:
California Against the Sea: Visions For Our Vanishing Coastline is a 2023 nonfiction book by American author and Los Angeles Times environmental reporter Rosanna Xia. == Summary == Xia travels along the California coastal communities to interview indigenous leaders, community activists, politicians and environmental scientists on how their communities are responding to rising sea levels. == Publication == The book was published by Heyday on September 26, 2023. The cover art was done by Adrian Montalvo and the design by Frances Baca. == Reception == Peter Fish of the San Francisco Chronicle described the book as "thoughtful, balanced, deeply researched and reported." Publishers Weekly called it "a vivid exploration" and an "unsparing look at California’s contentious battle to cope with a changing climate." == Awards and nominations == The book was the winner of the 2024 PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award. It was also selected as the Great Read from California for the 2024 Library of Congress National Book Festival. It was included as part of the San Francisco Chronicle's favorite nonfiction books of 2023. The book was featured on The Architect's Newspaper's list of best books of 2023. The book was a recipient of the 2024 American


id: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas-0.md
category: reference
title: The California Field Atlas
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:51.144541+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-0
summary:
The California Field Atlas is a 2017 book written and illustrated by Obi Kaufmann. It was published by Heyday Books, a Berkeley-based nonprofit small press. Through passages of nature writing and hundreds of watercolor paintings, the book details California's ecology and geography. Kaufmann, an artist and outdoorsman, was born in California and currently resides in Oakland. He prepared the book over the course of a year, drawing from a lifetime of experience hiking thousands of miles of California wilderness. With the California Field Atlas, he intended to foster geological literacy and conservation of the state's natural environment. The book contains ten chapters spanning more than 500 pages in total. The first eight chapters examine California's ecological system, the ninth chapter is an overview of nature throughout the state's 58 counties, and the final chapter covers the topic of rewilding. Rather than focusing on already-famous natural landmarks such as Yosemite, Kaufmann sought to present a comprehensive overview of the state that included detailed surveys of lesser-known regions. The title combines the phrases field guide and atlas, but the book differs in purpose and function from both categories as traditionally conceived. The term "field atlas" was coined by the author to describe


id: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas-1.md
category: reference
title: The California Field Atlas
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:51.144541+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-0
summary:
=== Artwork === Kaufmann's renderings of animals are mostly realistic but incorporate expressionistic flourishes—particularly in his choices of color palette—and thus do not adhere to the more literalistic standards of accuracy that would be expected from a conventional field guide. His wildlife paintings are meant to capture "the spirit of the subject" above all, and he acknowledged that his approach sometimes resulted in conspicuous differences between his art and an animal's literal appearance. As an example, he has often noted that the book includes a painting of a purple coyote, even though the animal is not actually purple in the wild. However, he explained that "coyotes aren't purple unless you're looking at them in the high desert sagebrush at sunset," and the subjective impression of the animal's appearance that can occur in that rare setting is what he sought to capture in his painting. The book's maps include surveys of a wide variety of subjects, like the habitats of wild pigs, the state's various fir trees, areas prone to wildfire, wildflowers gardens, and many others. Each map is indexed with a unique four-digit number. Kaufmann said much of the book is "data-driven", in that the maps and their data are


id: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-2
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas-2.md
category: reference
title: The California Field Atlas
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:51.144541+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-0
summary:
He saw the Field Atlas as having two main purposes: a scientific agenda to foster geographic literacy, and an artistic agenda to promote the cause of conservation—the latter of which also has political dimensions. He told the website 7x7 that the "whole book—this whole endeavor—is an exercise in how we can continue our human residency in California not only over the next 100 years, for example, but over the next 10,000 years." On the other hand, Kaufmann sought to avoid any overt political argumentation in the book, and he has expressed frustration with partisan approaches to conservation. Mike Sonksen identified the book—particularly its ecological perspective and sense of "geographic literacy"—with the ideas of deep ecology and bioregionalism as articulated by Kaufmann's influence Gary Snyder in such works as Turtle Island (1974) and A Place in Space (1995). The book reflects a deep-time perspective on the state's ecology and landscapes. In the book's introduction, Kaufmann wrote that he was "participating in the wild reimagining of the place, past the scars inflicted over the past two hundred years and revealing a story about what has always been here and what will remain long after our residency is through." In an interview, he


id: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-3
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas-3.md
category: reference
title: The California Field Atlas
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_California_Field_Atlas
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:51.144541+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-california-field-atlas-20260505-0
summary:
=== Critical response === The book received generally positive reviews, primarily from local California publications and outlets. John McMurtrie, the book editor of the San Francisco Chronicle, called the California Field Atlas a "magnificent ode to the natural wonders of [Kaufmann's] home state" and said it "stands as one of the finest books ever published by Heyday". The Chronicle later listed it as one of the 100 best books of 2017. In Diablo Magazine, Linda Lenhoff remarked on its "stunning detail" and "passionate plea" for conservation. Judith M. Gallman at Oakland Magazine wrote "[s]cience and animal lovers will find much to cherish in this unusually lovely and hefty collection." Rachael Myrow, a host of Forum on NPR affiliate KQED, compared the book to Rebecca Solnit's Infinite City: A San Francisco Atlas (2010), saying that for both books, the reader is "staring at something you think you know, California, but you're looking at a reading of it that most people don't think of." Kim Wyatt at Lake Tahoe News wrote that the book was "[b]reathtaking and informative and one of a kind" and "will lead to fresh insights about the Golden State, promoting geographic literacy, historical understanding and perhaps, in turn,


id: canada-s-deadly-secret-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada's_Deadly_Secret-0.md
category: reference
title: Canada's Deadly Secret
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada's_Deadly_Secret
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:52.299128+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: canada-s-deadly-secret-20260505-0
summary:
Canada's Deadly Secret: Saskatchewan Uranium and the Global Nuclear System is a 2007 book by Jim Harding which chronicles the struggle over Saskatchewan's uranium mining, and demonstrates the negative impacts on Aboriginal rights and environmental health, and the effect of free trade. Harding argues that nuclear energy cannot mitigate global warming and that the "peaceful nuclear technology" does not exist. Helen Caldicott wrote the foreword to the book. Jim Harding is an emeritus professor of environmental and justice studies and was director of research for Prairie Justice Research at the University of Regina. He is a founding member of the Regina Group for a Non-Nuclear Society and International Uranium Congress. Harding also acted as Prairie Correspondent for Nuclear Free Press and consultant to the award-winning film Uranium, a 1990 documentary about uranium mining in Canada. Several reviews of the book have been published. == See also == List of books about nuclear issues Nuclear disarmament Anti-nuclear movement == References ==


id: carbon-shift-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_Shift-0.md
category: reference
title: Carbon Shift
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_Shift
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:53.469053+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: carbon-shift-20260505-0
summary:
Carbon Shift: How Peak Oil and the Climate Crisis Will Change Canada (and Our Lives) is a 2009 non-fiction book edited by Thomas Homer-Dixon and Nick Garrison that collects six essays that discusses the issues of peak oil and climate change. The book was first published in hardcover by Random House of Canada in 2009 under the title Carbon Shift: How the Twin Crises of Oil Depletion and Climate Change Will Define the Future, and became a national bestseller. In 2010, the paperback was published by Vintage Canada, a division of Random House Canada, the sub-title then changing to How Peak Oil and the Climate Crisis Will Change Canada (and Our Lives). == Synopsis == Carbon Shift encompasses six essays by experts in the fields of economics, geology, politics, and science. The essays argue points such as humanity's potential for exhausting the supply of non-renewable fuels and what could be done to prevent this. == Contributors == Thomas Homer-Dixon - Introduction and Conclusion Nick Garrison - Introduction and Conclusion Ronald Wright - Foreword David Keith - Dangerous Abundance David Hughes - The Energy Issue: a More Urgent Problem than Climate Change Mark Jaccard - Peak Oil and Market Feedbacks: Chicken


id: challenging-the-chip-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challenging_the_Chip-0.md
category: reference
title: Challenging the Chip
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challenging_the_Chip
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:54.587999+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenging-the-chip-20260505-0
summary:
Challenging the Chip is a 2006 book on "labor rights and environmental justice in the global electronics industry" edited by Ted Smith, David A. Sonnenfeld, and David Naguib Pellow. It is published by Temple University Press. In three parts, the book looks at global electronics, environmental justice and labor rights, and electronic waste and extended producer responsibility. In four appendices, the book also deals with the principles of environmental justice, the computer take-back campaign, sample shareholder resolutions, and the electronics recycler's pledge of true stewardship. This 357-page book was put together by "scores of people around the world (who) have been involved over the course of several years in the conceptualization, development, editing and production (of it)". == "New wave of technology" == In his foreword to the text, former Texas Agriculture Commissioner Jim Hightower makes out a case to explain how "technology happens". He writes: "Take cars. After Henry Ford began mass production, it took only a flash in time for these four-wheeled chunks of technology to wholly transform our landscape, environment, economy, culture, psychology, and ... well, pretty much our whole world. For better or worse, cars created freeways, shopping malls, McDonald's, drive-in banking – even the Beach


id: challenging-the-chip-20260505-1
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challenging_the_Chip-1.md
category: reference
title: Challenging the Chip
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challenging_the_Chip
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:54.587999+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenging-the-chip-20260505-0
summary:
== "Downside not addressed" == Says an introduction to its contents: "Of the millions of words written over the past several decades about the electronics industry's incredible transformation of our world, far too few have been addressed (to) the downside of this revolution. Many are surprised to learn that environmental degradation and occupational health hazards are as much a part of high-tech manufacturing as miniaturization and other such marvels". == Third World women's labor, pollute surroundings == The editors also comment: "Although most consumers are eager to enjoy their latest computers, televisions, cellular phones, iPods, and electronic games, few relate the declining prices of these and other electronic technologies to the labor of Third World women, who are paid pennies a day. Fewer still realize that the amazingly powerful microprocessors and superminiaturized, high-capacity memory devices harm the workers who produce them and pollute the surrounding communities' air and water". == Comments on the book == Sandra Steingraber calls this book "essential reading for anyone who owns a cell phone or a computer" and says "our digital possessions connect us not only to global information but also to global contamination and injustice". Nicholas Ashford calls the work "an impressive, comprehensive critique


id: chasing-kangaroos-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasing_Kangaroos-0.md
category: reference
title: Chasing Kangaroos
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasing_Kangaroos
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:55.742214+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: chasing-kangaroos-20260505-0
summary:
Chasing Kangaroos: A Continent, a Scientist, and a Search for the World's Most Extraordinary Creature, is a 2007 book (ISBN 978-0802118523) by Professor Tim Flannery. The book draws on three decades of travel, research, and field work to explore Australia's kangaroos. Seventy species make up the kangaroo family, which includes wallabies and rat-kangaroos. Professor Tim Flannery is also author of The Weather Makers, which received much critical acclaim. == See also == List of Australian environmental books == References ==


id: the-chilling-stars-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Chilling_Stars-0.md
category: reference
title: The Chilling Stars
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Chilling_Stars
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:56.932243+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: the-chilling-stars-20260505-0
summary:
The Chilling Stars is a non-fiction book about the possible causes and effects of global climate change by Henrik Svensmark and Nigel Calder. The paperback version was published by Totem Books on March 19, 2003. An updated version titled The Chilling Stars: A New Theory of Climate Change was published in 2007. Svensmark is otherwise known as a Danish physicist and professor, while Calder had worked as a science journalist. The authors argue that cloud cover changes caused by variations in cosmic rays are a major contributor to global temperature increases, and they state that human influences have been exaggerated. == Contents and background == The authors describe a cross-disciplinary theory that takes in elements of cosmology, particle physics, paleo-climatology, and meteorology. They label their concept 'cosmoclimatology', and they attempt to look back through prior climate trends such as the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. They detail what they view as a close correlation between the rate of cosmic rays reaching the Earth, which varies based on electromagnetic fluctuation on the Sun's surface, and the Earth's temperature. They write how the solar magnetic field grew over twice as strong as before over the 20th century, and they


id: cinderella-of-the-new-south-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinderella_of_the_New_South-0.md
category: reference
title: Cinderella of the New South
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinderella_of_the_New_South
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:58.106040+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: cinderella-of-the-new-south-20260505-0
summary:
Cinderella of the New South: A History of the Cottonseed Industry, 1855–1955 is a 1995 book by Lynette Boney Wrenn. It is significant as the first scholarly book to examine the history of the cottonseed industry in the southern United States. In Cinderella of the New South, Wrenn argues that the cottonseed industry between 1855 and 1955 was an example of a lack of industrialization in the southern United States. The book covers the antebellum origins of the cottonseed industry and the rapid rise of the industry between 1880 and 1914, which was fuelled by demand for cottonseed products, such as cooking oil, soaps, and candles. Cinderella of the New South addresses the extraction-to-manufacturing process of the cottonseed crop during the 1880–1914 period, during which the southern mills performed the least-profitable step of crushing the cottonseed while largely northern-owned businesses handled the more-lucrative secondary manufacturing and marketing stages. The book ends with the consolidation of the cottonseed industry after World War II and the subsequent end of the hydraulic crushing of the seed in the 1950s. == References ==


id: a-civil-action-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Civil_Action-0.md
category: reference
title: A Civil Action
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Civil_Action
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:37:59.197887+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: a-civil-action-20260505-0
summary:
A Civil Action is a 1995 non-fiction book by Jonathan Harr about a water contamination case in Woburn, Massachusetts, in the 1980s. The book became a best-seller. It won the National Book Critics Circle Award for nonfiction. It is based on the case of Anderson v. Cryovac. The first reported decision in the case is at 96 F.R.D. 431 (denial of defendants' motion to dismiss). A 1998 film of the same name, starring John Travolta as plaintiff's lawyer Jan Schlichtmann and Robert Duvall as Beatrice Foods attorney Jerome Facher, was based on the book. == Plot summary == After finding that her child is diagnosed with leukemia, Anne Anderson notices a high prevalence of leukemia, a relatively rare disease, in her city. Eventually she gathers other families and seeks a lawyer, Jan Schlichtmann, to consider their options. Schlichtmann originally decides not to take the case due to both the lack of evidence and a clear defendant. Later picking up the case, Schlichtmann finds evidence suggesting trichloroethylene (TCE, an industrial solvent that is not known to cause leukemia in humans) contamination of the town's water supply by Riley Tannery, a subsidiary of Beatrice Foods; a chemical company, W. R. Grace; and


id: climate-change-isn-t-everything-liberating-climate-politics-from-alarmism-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Climate Change Isn't Everything: Liberating Climate Politics from Alarmism
tags: science, encyclopedia
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:38:00.374507+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: climate-change-isn-t-everything-liberating-climate-politics-from-alarmism-20260505-0
file:
data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Change_Isn't_Everything:_Liberating_Climate_Politics_from_Alarmism-0.md

summary:
Climate Change Isn’t Everything: Liberating Climate Politics from Alarmism is a book by Mike Hulme published in 2023 by Polity Press. == Synopsis == Climate Change Isn't Everything: Liberating Climate Politics from Alarmism is a book by Mike Hulme, Professor of Human Geography at the University of Cambridge, where the author introduces the readers to his meaning of the term / neologism 'climatism'. According to a blurb for the book offered by Ted Nordhaus of the Breakthrough Institute climatism reduces the condition of the world to the fate of global temperature or to the atmospheric concentration of Carbon dioxide, to the detriment of tackling serious issues as varied as poverty, liberty, biodiversity loss, inequality and international diplomacy. Hulme notes that the term has been used before, and noticeably in Steve Goreham's Climatism, Science, Common Sense and the 21st Century Hottest Topic, New Lenox Books 2010. While Goreham contest the human origin of climate change, Hulme holds the opposite view, p. 168. == Main == The author opens the book with a discussion of how the Syrian Civil War, started in March 2011 after civil unrest following the torture by President Assad's security agents of young Syrians schoolboys, was blamed on

source_url:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Change_Isn't_Everything:_Liberating_Climate_Politics_from_Alarmism


id: climate-code-red-20260505-0
file: data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Code_Red-0.md
category: reference
title: Climate Code Red
tags: science, encyclopedia
source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Code_Red
date_saved: 2026-05-05T08:38:01.515498+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: climate-code-red-20260505-0
summary:
Climate Code Red: The Case for Emergency Action is a 2008 book which presents scientific evidence that the global warming crisis is worse than official reports and national governments have so far indicated. The book argues humanity is facing a sustainability emergency that requires a clear break from business-as-usual politics. The authors explain that emergency action to address climate change is not so much a radical idea as an indispensable course to embark upon. It draws heavily on the work of many climate scientists, including James E. Hansen. == General == The key themes of Climate Code Red are: "Our goal is a safe-climate future – we have no right to bargain away species or human lives." "We are facing rapid warming impacts: the danger is immediate, not just in the future." "For a safe climate future, we must take action now to stop emissions and to cool the earth." "Plan a large-scale transition to a post-carbon economy and society." "Recognise a climate and sustainability emergency, because we need to move at a pace far beyond business and politics as usual". Co-author David Spratt is a Melbourne businessman, climate-policy analyst, and co-founder of the Carbon Equity network, and Research Director


