# kb

id: test-your-skills-css-styling-basics-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: CSS styling basics - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:21.854556+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-css-styling-basics-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Aug 21, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F78bdd004c24d256efc8372f18204ea58f83a1b5e%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-08-21T12%3A32%3A59.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.


id: test-your-skills-css-styling-basics-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: CSS styling basics - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:21.854556+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-css-styling-basics-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills-2.md


id: test-your-skills-backgrounds-and-borders-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Backgrounds and borders - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:24.289257+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-backgrounds-and-borders-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders


id: test-your-skills-backgrounds-and-borders-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Backgrounds and borders - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:24.289257+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-backgrounds-and-borders-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Mar 28, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/backgrounds_and_borders/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/backgrounds_and_borders \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FBackgrounds_and_borders&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fbackgrounds_and_borders%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FBackgrounds_and_borders%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fbackgrounds_and_borders%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F00d961466c7e388bad444f2bb1b34d5bed629686%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-03-28T17%3A06%3A45.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders


id: test-your-skills-backgrounds-and-borders-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Backgrounds and borders - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:24.289257+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-backgrounds-and-borders-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Backgrounds_and_borders


id: test-your-skills-the-box-model-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: The box model - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:27.000178+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-the-box-model-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model


id: test-your-skills-the-box-model-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: The box model - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:27.000178+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-the-box-model-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Feb 3, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/box_model/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/box_model \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FBox_model&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fbox_model%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FBox_model%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fbox_model%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2Fa623d4459e2aa00d17dc0fd6b6bc44f56c589950%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-02-03T12%3A46%3A45.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model


id: test-your-skills-the-box-model-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: The box model - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:27.000178+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-the-box-model-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Box_model


id: test-your-skills-the-cascade-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: The Cascade - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:29.635961+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-the-cascade-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade


id: test-your-skills-the-cascade-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: The Cascade - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:29.635961+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-the-cascade-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Feb 3, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/cascade/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/cascade \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FCascade&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fcascade%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FCascade%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fcascade%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2Fa623d4459e2aa00d17dc0fd6b6bc44f56c589950%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-02-03T12%3A46%3A45.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade


id: test-your-skills-the-cascade-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: The Cascade - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:29.635961+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-the-cascade-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Cascade


id: test-your-skills-images-and-form-elements-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Images and form elements - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:32.117583+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-images-and-form-elements-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images


id: test-your-skills-images-and-form-elements-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Images and form elements - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:32.117583+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-images-and-form-elements-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Feb 3, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/images/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/images \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FImages&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fimages%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FImages%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fimages%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2Fa623d4459e2aa00d17dc0fd6b6bc44f56c589950%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-02-03T12%3A46%3A45.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images


id: test-your-skills-images-and-form-elements-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Images and form elements - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:32.117583+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-images-and-form-elements-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Images


id: test-your-skills-overflow-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Overflow - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:34.606492+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-overflow-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow


id: test-your-skills-overflow-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Overflow - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:34.606492+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-overflow-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Feb 3, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/overflow/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/overflow \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FOverflow&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Foverflow%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FOverflow%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Foverflow%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2Fa623d4459e2aa00d17dc0fd6b6bc44f56c589950%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-02-03T12%3A46%3A45.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow


id: test-your-skills-overflow-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Overflow - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:34.606492+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-overflow-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Overflow


id: test-your-skills-selectors-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Selectors - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:37.255287+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-selectors-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors


id: test-your-skills-selectors-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Selectors - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:37.255287+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-selectors-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors-1.md

summary:
The starting point of the task looks like this: Here's the underlying code for this starting point: The updated styling should look like this: Click here to show the solution * To select elements with a title attribute we can add title inside the square brackets (`a[title]`), which will select the second link, which is the only one with a title attribute. * Target the `<a>` element with an `href` attribute which contains the word "contact" anywhere in its value and make the border orange (`border-color: orange`). There are two things we want to match here, the href value `/contact` and also `../contact`. So we need to match the string "contact" anywhere in the value using `*=`. This will select the third and fourth links. * Target the `<a>` element with an href value starting with `https` and give it a green border (`border-color: green`). Look for an `href` value which starts with "https", so use `^=` to only select the first link. * [ Previous ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Combinators) * [ Overview: CSS styling basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics) * [ Next ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Box_model) ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Feb 3, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors/contributors.txt). [View this page

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors


id: test-your-skills-selectors-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Selectors - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:37.255287+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-selectors-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Selectors


id: test-your-skills-sizing-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Sizing - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:39.958385+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-sizing-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing


id: test-your-skills-sizing-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Sizing - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:39.958385+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-sizing-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Feb 3, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/sizing/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/sizing \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FSizing&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fsizing%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FSizing%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fsizing%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2Fa623d4459e2aa00d17dc0fd6b6bc44f56c589950%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-02-03T12%3A46%3A45.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing


id: test-your-skills-sizing-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Sizing - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:39.958385+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-sizing-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Sizing


id: test-your-skills-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:42.473878+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values


id: test-your-skills-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:42.473878+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Mar 29, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/values/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/test_your_skills/values \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FValues&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fvalues%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FTest_your_skills%2FValues%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fvalues%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F8c253b4a3c79adb13bc6a70427cc38f438b6a809%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-03-29T23%3A15%3A49.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values


id: test-your-skills-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:42.473878+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Test_your_skills/Values


id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units-0.md

summary:
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id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units-1.md

summary:
## [What is a CSS value?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units#what_is_a_css_value) CSS values define what types of value are valid for each CSS property. For example, you can specify colors for the values of [`color`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/color) or [`border-color`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/border-color), but not lengths or percentages. In CSS specifications, and on the property pages here on MDN, you will be able to spot value types as they will be surrounded by angle brackets (`<`, `>`) — such as [`<color>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value) or [`<length>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/length). When you see the value type `<color>` as valid for a particular property, that means you can use any valid color as a value for that property, as listed on the [`<color>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value) reference page. Sometimes value types and properties can have the same, or similar names — For example, there is a [`color`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/color) property and a [`<color>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value) data type. You can use the angle brackets to determine which one you are studying in each case. HTML elements also use angle brackets, but it should be clear from the context which one you are looking at. If you are not sure, try searching for it on MDN. **Note:** You'll see CSS value types referred to as _data types_. The terms are basically interchangeable — when you see something in


id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units-2.md

summary:
The benefit of using relative units is that with some careful planning you can make it so the size of text or other elements scales relative to everything else on the page. For a complete list of the relative units available, see the reference page for the [`<length>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/length) type. In this section we'll explore some of the most common relative units. #### Exploring an example In the example below, you can see how some relative and absolute length units behave. The first box has a [`width`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/width) set in pixels. As an absolute unit, this width will remain the same no matter what else changes. The second box has a width set in `vw` (viewport width) units. This value is relative to the viewport width, and so `10vw` is 10 percent of the width of the viewport. If you change the width of your browser window, the size of the box should change. However this example is embedded into the page using an [`<iframe>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/iframe), so this won't work. To see this in action you'll have to [try the example after opening it in its own browser tab](https://mdn.github.io/css-examples/learn/values-units/length.html). The third box uses `em` units. These are relative to the element's font size.


id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units-3.md

summary:
Each hex color value consists of a hash/pound symbol (`#`) followed by six hexadecimal characters (`#ffc0cb`, for example). Each **pair** of hexadecimal characters represents one of the channels of an RGB color — red, green, and blue — and allows us to specify any of the 256 available values for each (16 x 16 = 256). These values are less intuitive than keywords for defining colors, but they are a lot more versatile because you can _represent_ any RGB color with them. In the next example, try changing the values to see how the colors vary: **Note:** You might see hex color values written with three characters instead of six. This is a shorthand that can be used when the characters in each pair are the same. For example, `#ff00ff` and `#f0f` are equivalent. You might also see hex color values written using eight (or four) characters, with the fourth value representing the alpha-transparency of the previous three values — for example `#ff00ff66`. ### [RGB values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units#rgb_values) To create RGB values directly, the [`rgb()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value/rgb) function takes three parameters representing **red** , **green** , and **blue** channel values of the colors, with an optional fourth value separated by a slash (`/`) representing


id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-4
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units-4.md

summary:
### [HSL](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units#hsl) Similar to the [`hwb()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value/hwb) function is the [`hsl()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value/hsl) function, which also specifies an `srgb()` color. HSL uses `Hue`, in addition to `Saturation` and `Lightness`: * **Hue** : Again, this represents the base shade of the color. * **Saturation** : How saturated is the color? This takes a value from `0`–`100%`, where `0` is no color (it will appear as a shade of grey), and `100%` is full color saturation. * **Lightness** : How light or bright is the color? This takes a value from `0`–`100%`, where `0` is no light (it will appear completely black) and `100%` is full light (it will appear completely white). The [`hsl()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value/hsl) color value also has an optional fourth value, separated from the color with a slash (`/`), representing the alpha transparency. Let's update the RGB example to use HSL colors instead: Just like with `rgb()` you can pass an alpha parameter to `hsl()` to specify opacity: Before you move on, try modifying the previous two examples to use some hue-based color values. Try varying the hue value in each case to see how this affects the base color, and then try varying the other parameters too. ## [Images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units#images) The [`<image>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/image) value type


id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-5
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units-5.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Dec 19, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units/contributors.txt). 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id: css-values-and-units-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-6
category: reference
title: CSS values and units - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:45.259469+00:00
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id: what-is-css-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS-0.md
category: reference
title: What is CSS? - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS
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parent: what-is-css-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: what-is-css-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS-1.md
category: reference
title: What is CSS? - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:48.322227+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: what-is-css-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
The CSS language is organized into _modules_ that contain related functionality. For example, take a look at the MDN reference pages for the [Backgrounds and Borders](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Backgrounds_and_borders) module to find out what its purpose is and the properties and features it contains. In our module pages, you will also find links to _Specifications_ that define the technologies. ## [CSS syntax basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS#css_syntax_basics) CSS is a rule-based language — you define rules by specifying groups of styles that should be applied to a particular element or groups of elements on your web page. For example, you might decide to style the main heading on your page as large red text. The following code shows a very simple CSS rule that would achieve this: * In the above example, the CSS rule opens with a [selector](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/CSS_Selector). This _selects_ the HTML elements that we are going to style. In this case, we are styling level one headings (`<h1>[](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/Heading_Elements)`). * We then include a set of curly braces — `{ }`. * The braces contain one or more **declarations** , which take the form of **property** and **value** pairs. We specify the property (for example, `color` in the above example) before the colon, and we specify


id: what-is-css-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS-2.md
category: reference
title: What is CSS? - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:48.322227+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: what-is-css-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Nov 13, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/What_is_CSS/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/what_is_css/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/styling_basics/what_is_css \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FWhat_is_CSS&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Fwhat_is_css%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FStyling_basics%2FWhat_is_CSS%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fstyling_basics%2Fwhat_is_css%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F79b46675e64c9b3e7c4333c17b21b692f78b39ec%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-11-13T22%3A42%3A57.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.


id: css-text-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling-0.md
category: reference
title: CSS text styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:50.679892+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-text-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: css-text-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling-1.md
category: reference
title: CSS text styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:50.679892+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: css-text-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Oct 29, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F57bc2729e3963907c0b54158ae1a31318a2ebbd1%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-10-29T15%3A20%3A27.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.


id: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals-0.md
category: reference
title: Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:53.482626+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals-1.md
category: reference
title: Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:53.482626+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
**Note:** Bear in mind that the text inside an element is all affected as one single entity. You can't select and style subsections of text unless you wrap them in an appropriate element (such as a [`<span>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/span) or [`<strong>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/strong)), or use a text-specific pseudo-element like [`::first-letter`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors/::first-letter) (selects the first letter of an element's text), [`::first-line`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors/::first-line) (selects the first line of an element's text), or [`::selection`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors/::selection) (selects the text currently highlighted by the cursor). ## [Fonts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#fonts) Let's move straight on to look at properties for styling fonts. In this example, we'll apply some CSS properties to the following HTML sample: ### [Color](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#color) The [`color`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/color) property sets the color of the foreground content of the selected elements, which is usually the text, but can also include a couple of other things, such as an underline or overline placed on text using the [`text-decoration`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/text-decoration) property. `color` can accept any [CSS color unit](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units#color), for example: This will cause the paragraphs to become red, rather than the standard browser default of black, like so: ### [Font families](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#font_families) To set a different font for your text, you use the [`font-family`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/font-family) property — this allows you to specify a font (or list of fonts) for the browser


id: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals-2.md
category: reference
title: Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:53.482626+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
While the font-family names can be included as a [`<custom-ident>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/custom-ident) or a [`<string>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/string), font family names that happen to be the same as a CSS-wide property value, like `initial`, or `inherit`, or CSS have the same name as one to the generic font family names, like `sans-serif` or `fantasy`, must be included as a quoted string. Otherwise, the font family name will be interpreted as being the equivalent CSS keyword or generic family name. When used as keywords, the generic font family names —`serif`, `sans-serif`, `monospace`, `cursive`, and `fantasy` — and the global CSS keywords MUST NOT be quoted, as strings are not interpreted as CSS keywords. #### A font-family example Let's add to our previous example, giving the paragraphs a sans-serif font: This gives us the following result: ### [Font size](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#font_size) In our previous module's [CSS values and units](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units) article, we reviewed length and size units. Font size (set with the [`font-size`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/font-size) property) can take values measured in most of these units (and others, such as [percentages](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Styling_basics/Values_and_units#percentages)); however, the most common units you'll use to size text are: * `px` (pixels): The number of pixels high you want the text to be. This is an absolute unit — it


id: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals-3.md
category: reference
title: Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:53.482626+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
The `font-size` of an element is inherited from that element's parent element. This all starts with the root element of the entire document — [`<html>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/html) — the standard `font-size` of which is set to `16px` across browsers. Any paragraph (or another element that doesn't have a different size set by the browser) inside the root element will have a final size of `16px`. Other elements may have different default sizes. For example, an [h1](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/Heading_Elements) element has a size of `2em` set by default, so it will have a final size of `32px`. Things become more tricky when you start altering the font size of nested elements. For example, if you had an [`<article>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/article) element in your page, and set its `font-size` to 1.5 `em` (which would compute to 24 `px` final size), and then wanted the paragraphs inside the `<article>` elements to have a computed font size of 20 `px`, what `em` value would you use? You would need to set its `em` value to 20/24, or 0.83333333 `em`. The maths can be complicated, so you need to be careful about how you style things. It is best to use `rem` where you can to keep things simple, and avoid


id: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-4
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals-4.md
category: reference
title: Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:53.482626+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
#### Multiple shadows You can apply multiple shadows to the same text by including multiple shadow values separated by commas, for example: If we applied this to the [<h1>](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/Heading_Elements) element in our Tommy The Cat example, we'd end up with this: **Note:** You can see more interesting examples of `text-shadow` usage in the Sitepoint article [Moonlighting with CSS text-shadow](https://www.sitepoint.com/moonlighting-css-text-shadow/). ## [Text layout](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#text_layout) With basic font properties out of the way, let's have a look at properties we can use to affect text layout. ### [Text alignment](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#text_alignment) The [`text-align`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/text-align) property is used to control how text is aligned within its containing content box. The available values are listed below. They work in pretty much the same way as they do in a regular word processor application: * `left`: Left-justifies the text. * `right`: Right-justifies the text. * `center`: Centers the text. * `justify`: Makes the text spread out, varying the gaps in between the words so that all lines of text are the same width. You need to use this carefully — it can look terrible, especially when applied to a paragraph with lots of long words in it. If you are going to use this, you should also think about


id: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-5
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals-5.md
category: reference
title: Fundamental text and font styling - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:53.482626+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: fundamental-text-and-font-styling-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
If you make a mistake, you can clear your work using the _Reset_ button in the MDN Playground. Refer to the previous sections in the article to find more information on the font and text styles you can set. ## [Summary](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#summary) We hope you enjoyed playing with text in this article! The next article will provide you with all you need to know about styling HTML lists. ## [See also](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#see_also) * [All about the CSS font-family property](https://explainers.dev/font-family/), explainers.dev * [Web-safe fonts](https://scrimba.com/the-frontend-developer-career-path-c0j/~02b?via=mdn), Scrimba [_MDN learning partner_](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Writing_guidelines/Learning_content#partner_links_and_embeds) * [ Overview: CSS text styling](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling) * [ Next ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists) ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Dec 19, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/fundamentals/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/fundamentals \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FFundamentals&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Ffundamentals%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FFundamentals%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Ffundamentals%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F2b4a2ad5d9ba084a9eaa2f9204102655e7b575c4%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-12-19T19%3A59%3A21.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6.


id: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links-0.md
category: reference
title: Styling links - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:56.788771+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links-1.md
category: reference
title: Styling links - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:56.788771+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
The default styles can be turned off/changed using the following CSS properties: * [`color`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/color) for the text color. * [`cursor`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/cursor) for the mouse pointer style — you shouldn't turn this off unless you've got a very good reason. * [`outline`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/outline) for the text outline. An outline is similar to a border. The only difference is that a border takes up space in the box, and an outline doesn't: outlines sit on top of the background. The outline is a useful accessibility aid, so it should not be removed without adding another method of indicating the focused link. **Note:** You are not just limited to the above properties to style your links — you are free to use any properties you like. ## [Styling links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links#styling_links) Now that we've explored the default states in some detail, let's look at a typical set of link styles. To start with, we'll write out our empty rulesets: This order is important because link styles build on one another. For example, the styles in the first rule will apply to all the subsequent ones. When a link is activated, it's usually also hovered over. If you put these in the wrong order, and you're changing the


id: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links-2.md
category: reference
title: Styling links - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:56.788771+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
If you make a mistake, you can clear your work using the _Reset_ button in the MDN Playground. If you get really stuck, you can view an example solution below the example output. Click here to show the solution Your finished CSS could look like this: ## [Including icons on links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links#including_icons_on_links) A common practice is to include icons on links to indicate what kind of content the link points to. Let's look at a basic example that adds an icon to external links (links that lead to other sites). External link icons are usually arrows pointing out of boxes. For this example, we'll use [external link icon from icons8.com](https://icons8.com/icon/741/external-link). First, some simple HTML to style: Next, here's some CSS that will give us the effect we want: So what's going on here? We'll skip over most of the CSS, as it is the same as in previous examples. The last rule, however, is interesting: we're using [`::after`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors/::after) pseudo-element selector. The `0.8em x 0.8em` pseudo-element is rendered after the anchor text as an inline block, and the icon referenced in its [`background-image`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/background-image) property is placed in the pseudo-element's background. We've also included some [`margin-left`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/margin-left) to create some space between the icon


id: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links-3.md
category: reference
title: Styling links - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:56.788771+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-links-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Jan 8, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/styling_links/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/styling_links \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FStyling_links&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Fstyling_links%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FStyling_links%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Fstyling_links%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F19c36d7464c349372e38f9b39bf3e7de73687397%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-01-08T17%3A37%3A50.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.


id: styling-lists-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists-0.md
category: reference
title: Styling lists - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:59.415467+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-lists-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: styling-lists-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists-1.md
category: reference
title: Styling lists - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:59.415467+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-lists-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## [List-specific styles](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists#list-specific_styles) Now that we've looked at general spacing techniques for lists, let's explore some list-specific properties. There are three properties you should know about to start with, which can be set on [`<ul>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/ul) or [`<ol>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/ol) elements: * [`list-style-type`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/list-style-type): Sets the type of bullets to use for the list, for example, square or circle bullets for an unordered list, or numbers, letters, or roman numerals for an ordered list. * [`list-style-position`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/list-style-position): Sets whether the bullets, at the start of each item, appear inside or outside the lists. * [`list-style-image`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/list-style-image): Allows you to use a custom image for the bullet, rather than a simple square or circle. ### [Bullet styles](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists#bullet_styles) As mentioned above, the [`list-style-type`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/list-style-type) property allows you to set what type of bullet to use for the bullet points. In our example, we've set the ordered list to use uppercase roman numerals with: This gives us the following look: ![an ordered list with the bullet points set to appear outside the list item text.](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists/outer-bullets.png) You can find a lot more options by checking out the [`list-style-type`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/list-style-type) reference page. ### [Bullet position](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists#bullet_position) The [`list-style-position`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/list-style-position) property sets whether the bullets appear inside the list items, or outside them before the start


id: styling-lists-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists-2.md
category: reference
title: Styling lists - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:57:59.415467+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: styling-lists-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
If you make a mistake, you can clear your work using the _Reset_ button in the MDN Playground. If you get really stuck, you can view the solution below the example output. css ``` ``` Click here to show the solution Your finished CSS should look something like this: ## [Summary](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists#summary) Lists are relatively easy to get the hang of styling once you know a few associated basic principles and specific properties. In the next article, we'll move on to link styling techniques. * [ Previous ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals) * [ Overview: CSS text styling](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling) * [ Next ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_links) ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Oct 13, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Styling_lists/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/styling_lists/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/styling_lists \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FStyling_lists&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Fstyling_lists%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FStyling_lists%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Fstyling_lists%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F9cfc2285428932f448a1747e347b1e35a3e0172b%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-10-13T00%3A33%3A39.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5.


id: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:02.003045+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage


id: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:02.003045+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage-1.md

summary:
### [Navigation menu styling](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage#navigation_menu_styling) Style your navigation menu so that it harmonizes with the page. We'll leave this largely up to you, but here are some tips/suggestions: 1. Make the links look like buttons, which are as wide as the column they are in, and tall enough that the nav items fill a decent amount of space. 2. Apply the same font to your nav link text as you applied to your headings. 3. Make sure the hit area of each link is expanded to fill the entirety of its parent list item. 4. Center the text inside each link. 5. Uppercase the text (using CSS, not by editing the HTML!) ## [Hints and tips](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage#hints_and_tips) * You don't need to edit the HTML for this exercise, unless required to apply the fonts to the page. ## [Example](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage#example) The following screenshot show what the page looks like to begin with: ![A screenshot of the starting state of the page. The top heading reads 'St Huxley's Community College' and the footer provides a copyright notice. There are red lines separating the header and footer from the content. The main content has three columns, one containing body text and two containing lists of

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage


id: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:02.003045+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage-2.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Oct 31, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/typesetting_a_homepage/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/typesetting_a_homepage \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FTypesetting_a_homepage&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Ftypesetting_a_homepage%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FTypesetting_a_homepage%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Ftypesetting_a_homepage%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F9f7e7e9075e9f2b1937d2c8000f52a8ff76bff52%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-10-31T15%3A27%3A28.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage


id: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: Challenge: Typesetting a community school homepage - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:02.003045+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-typesetting-a-community-school-homepage-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Typesetting_a_homepage-3.md


id: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts-0.md
category: reference
title: Web fonts - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:04.297241+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts-1.md
category: reference
title: Web fonts - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:04.297241+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## [Font families recap](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts#font_families_recap) As we looked at in [Fundamental text and font styling](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals), the fonts applied to your HTML can be controlled using the [`font-family`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties/font-family) property. This takes one or more font family names. When displaying a webpage, a browser will travel down a list of font-family values until it finds a font available on the system it is running on: This system works well, but traditionally web developers' font choices were limited. There are only a handful of fonts that you can guarantee to be available across all common systems — the so-called [Web-safe fonts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Fundamentals#web_safe_fonts). You can use the font stack to specify preferred fonts, followed by web-safe alternatives, followed by the default system font. However, this increases your workload because of the testing required to make sure that your designs work with each font. ## [Web fonts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts#web_fonts) There is an alternative that works well. CSS allows you to specify font files, available on the web, to be downloaded along with your website as it's accessed. This means that any browser supporting this CSS feature can display the fonts you've specifically chosen. Amazing! The syntax required looks something like this: First of all, you have a [`@font-face`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules/@font-face) ruleset


id: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts-2.md
category: reference
title: Web fonts - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:04.297241+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
After the ZIP file is downloaded, unzip it and move it into the same directory as your HTML and CSS. ### [Implementing the code in your demo](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts#implementing_the_code_in_your_demo) Inside the unzipped directory, you'll see some useful items: * Two versions of each font: the `.woff`, `.woff2` files. * A demo HTML file for each font — load these in your browser to see what the font will look like in different usage contexts. * A `stylesheet.css` file, which contains the generated @font-face code you'll need. To implement these fonts in your demo, follow these steps: 1. Rename the unzipped directory to something easy and simple, like `fonts`. 2. Open up the `stylesheet.css` file and copy the two `@font-face` rulesets into your `web-font-start.css` file — you need to put them at the very top, before any of your CSS, as the fonts need to be imported before you can use them on your site. 3. Each of the `url()` functions points to a font file that we want to import into our CSS. We need to make sure the paths to the files are correct, so add `fonts/` to the start of each path (adjust as necessary). 4. Now you can use


id: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts-3.md
category: reference
title: Web fonts - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:04.297241+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: web-fonts-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Apr 24, 2026 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Text_styling/Web_fonts/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/web_fonts/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/text_styling/web_fonts \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FWeb_fonts&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Fweb_fonts%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FText_styling%2FWeb_fonts%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Ftext_styling%2Fweb_fonts%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F5ae8d1a1cb0f8d845168183536cd65684cc9406e%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2026-04-24T16%3A28%3A29.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.


id: version-control-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control-0.md
category: reference
title: Version control - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:06.727434+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: version-control-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: version-control-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control-1.md
category: reference
title: Version control - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:06.727434+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: version-control-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Oct 29, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Version_control/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/core/version_control/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/core/version_control \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FVersion_control&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fversion_control%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FCore%2FVersion_control%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fcore%2Fversion_control%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F57bc2729e3963907c0b54158ae1a31318a2ebbd1%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-10-29T15%3A20%3A27.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.


id: resources-for-educators-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators-0.md
category: reference
title: Resources for educators - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:09.037984+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: resources-for-educators-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: resources-for-educators-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators-1.md
category: reference
title: Resources for educators - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:09.037984+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: resources-for-educators-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
You could also consider using an advanced turnkey solution such as an interactive video course. We would recommend [The Frontend Developer Career Path](https://scrimba.com/the-frontend-developer-career-path-c0j?via=mdn) from our learning partner, [Scrimba](https://scrimba.com/?via=mdn), which teaches all of the learning outcomes in the MDN Curriculum Core and more. **Note:** Scrimba offers multiple license deals — see [Scrimba for Teams](https://scrimba.com/teams?via=mdn-edu). The Frontend Developer Career Path features fun interactive lessons and challenges, knowledgeable teachers, and a supportive community; it aims to give students all they need to land their first junior developer job. Many of the course components are available as standalone free versions. ## [See also](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators#see_also) * [MDN Curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) * [Complete MDN Curriculum download](https://github.com/mdn/curriculum/releases/latest/download/MDN-Curriculum.pdf) (PDF) ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Oct 21, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Educators/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/educators/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/educators \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FEducators&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Feducators%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FEducators%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Feducators%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F974d1679140c0fe8051e468c63dd5ce4f76cd281%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-10-21T10%3A54%3A03.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2.


id: extension-modules-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions-0.md
category: reference
title: Extension modules - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:11.342996+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: extension-modules-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: extension-modules-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions-1.md
category: reference
title: Extension modules - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:11.342996+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: extension-modules-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
[Testing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Testing) Any codebase past a certain level of complexity needs to have a system of tests associated with it, to make sure that as new code is added, the codebase continues to function correctly and performantly, and continues to meet the users' needs. This module lists the fundamentals that you should start with. ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on May 23, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F6f1b8165480af394b283e25a609d2eb176f8eb83%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-05-23T13%3A42%3A02.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content


id: advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Advanced JavaScript objects - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:13.713051+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects


id: advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Advanced JavaScript objects - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:13.713051+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects-1.md

summary:
[Learn JavaScript](https://learnjavascript.online/) An excellent resource for aspiring web developers — Learn JavaScript in an interactive environment, with short lessons and interactive tests, guided by automated assessment. The first 40 lessons are free, and the complete course is available for a small one-time payment. ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Aug 21, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F46c276b76c9fbf1468070686ecd3abbf64761500%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-08-21T12%3A24%3A09.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata)

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects


id: advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Advanced JavaScript objects - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:13.713051+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects


id: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:16.150880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features


id: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:16.150880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features-1.md

summary:
**Note:** Make sure to create the `Shape` class above the existing `Ball` class, otherwise you'll get some error like: "Uncaught ReferenceError: Cannot access 'Shape' before initialization" The `Ball` constructor should define a new property called `exists`, which is used to track whether the balls exist in the program (have not been eaten by the evil circle). This should be a boolean (`true`/`false`), initialized to `true` in the constructor. The `collisionDetect()` method of the `Ball` class needs a small update. A ball needs to be considered for collision detection only if the `exists` property is `true`. So, replace the existing `collisionDetect()` code with the following code: As discussed above, the only addition is to check if the ball exists — by using `ball.exists` in the `if` conditional. The ball `draw()` and `update()` method definitions should be able to stay exactly the same as they were before. At this point, try reloading the code — it should work just the same as it did before, with our redesigned objects. ### [Defining EvilCircle](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features#defining_evilcircle) Now it's time to meet the bad guy — the `EvilCircle()`! Our game is only going to involve one evil circle, but we are still going to define it using

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features


id: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:16.150880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features-2.md

summary:
### [Implementing the score counter](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features#implementing_the_score_counter) To implement the score counter, follow the following steps: 1. In your HTML file, add a [`<p>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/p) element just below the [h1](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/Heading_Elements) element containing the text "Ball count: ". 2. In your CSS file, add the following rule at the bottom: 3. In your JavaScript, make the following updates: * Create a variable that stores a reference to the paragraph. * Keep a count of the number of balls on screen in some way. * Increment the count and display the updated number of balls each time a ball is added to the scene. * Decrement the count and display the updated number of balls each time the evil circle eats a ball (causes it not to exist). * [ Previous ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice) * [ Overview: Advanced JavaScript objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects) ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Aug 12, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/adding_bouncing_balls_features/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/adding_bouncing_balls_features \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FAdding_bouncing_balls_features&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Fadding_bouncing_balls_features%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FAdding_bouncing_balls_features%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Fadding_bouncing_balls_features%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F2530db14de9ac226cf06f84540fa0101e804ca9b%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-08-12T00%3A41%3A20.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software)

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features


id: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: Challenge: Adding features to our bouncing balls demo - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:16.150880+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: challenge-adding-features-to-our-bouncing-balls-demo-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features-3.md


id: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Classes in JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:18.495651+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript


id: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Classes in JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:18.495651+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript-1.md

summary:
Given the class declaration code above, you can create and use a new `Person` instance like this: Note that we call the constructor using the name of the class, `Person` in this example. ### [Omitting constructors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript#omitting_constructors) If you don't need to do any special initialization, you can omit the constructor, and a default constructor will be generated for you: ## [Inheritance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript#inheritance) Given our `Person` class above, let's define the `Professor` subclass. We use the [`extends`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Classes/extends) keyword to say that this class inherits from another class. The `Professor` class adds a new property `teaches`, so we declare that. Since we want to set `teaches` when a new `Professor` is created, we define a constructor, which takes the `name` and `teaches` as arguments. The first thing this constructor does is call the superclass constructor using [`super()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/super), passing up the `name` parameter. The superclass constructor takes care of setting `name`. After that, the `Professor` constructor sets the `teaches` property. **Note:** If a subclass has any of its own initialization to do, it **must** first call the superclass constructor using `super()`, passing up any parameters that the superclass constructor is expecting. We've also overridden the `introduceSelf()` method from the superclass, and added a new

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript


id: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Classes in JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:18.495651+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript-2.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Aug 21, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/classes_in_javascript/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/classes_in_javascript \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FClasses_in_JavaScript&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Fclasses_in_javascript%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FClasses_in_JavaScript%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Fclasses_in_javascript%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F46c276b76c9fbf1468070686ecd3abbf64761500%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-08-21T12%3A24%3A09.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. 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[Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. 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source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript


id: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: Classes in JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:18.495651+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: classes-in-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Classes_in_JavaScript-3.md


id: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Object-oriented programming - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:21.080562+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming


id: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Object-oriented programming - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:21.080562+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming-1.md

summary:
This constructor takes two parameters, so we can initialize the `name` and `teaches` properties when we create a new concrete professor. Now that we have a constructor, we can create some professors. Programming languages often use the keyword `new` to signal that a constructor is being called. This creates two objects, both instances of the `Professor` class. ## [Inheritance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming#inheritance) Suppose in our school we also want to represent students. Unlike professors, students can't grade papers, don't teach a particular subject, and belong to a particular year. However, students do have a name and may also want to introduce themselves, so we might write out the definition of a student class like this: ``` class Student properties name year constructor Student(name, year) methods introduceSelf() ``` It would be helpful if we could represent the fact that students and professors share some properties, or more accurately, the fact that on some level, they are the _same kind of thing_. **Inheritance** lets us do this. We start by observing that students and professors are both people, and people have names and want to introduce themselves. We can model this by defining a new class `Person`, where we define all the common properties of

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming


id: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Object-oriented programming - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:21.080562+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming-2.md

summary:
But it's worth understanding the differences between these features and the "classical" OOP concepts described above. We'll highlight a couple of them here. First, in class-based OOP, classes and objects are two separate constructs, and objects are always created as instances of classes. Also, there is a distinction between the feature used to define a class (the class syntax itself) and the feature used to instantiate an object (a constructor). In JavaScript, we can and often do create objects without any separate class definition, either using a function or an object literal. This can make working with objects much more lightweight than it is in classical OOP. Second, although a prototype chain looks like an inheritance hierarchy and behaves like it in some ways, it's different in others. When a subclass is instantiated, a single object is created which combines properties defined in the subclass with properties defined further up the hierarchy. With prototyping, each level of the hierarchy is represented by a separate object, and they are linked together via the `__proto__` property. The prototype chain's behavior is less like inheritance and more like **delegation**. Delegation is a programming pattern where an object, when asked to perform a task,

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming


id: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: Object-oriented programming - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:21.080562+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming-3.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Apr 11, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming/contributors.txt). 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id: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-4
category: reference
title: Object-oriented programming - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:21.080562+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-oriented-programming-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object-oriented_programming-4.md


id: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Object building practice - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:23.409755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice


id: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Object building practice - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:23.409755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice-1.md

summary:
The first part of the script looks like so: This script gets a reference to the `<canvas>` element, then calls the [`getContext()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLCanvasElement/getContext) method on it to give us a context on which we can start to draw. The resulting constant (`ctx`) is the object that directly represents the drawing area of the canvas and allows us to draw 2D shapes on it. Next, we set constants called `width` and `height`, and the width and height of the canvas element (represented by the `canvas.width` and `canvas.height` properties) to equal the width and height of the browser viewport (the area which the webpage appears on — this can be gotten from the [`Window.innerWidth`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/innerWidth) and [`Window.innerHeight`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/innerHeight) properties). Note that we are chaining multiple assignments together, to get the variables all set quicker — this is perfectly OK. Then we have two helper functions: The `random()` function takes two numbers as arguments, and returns a random number in the range between the two. The `randomRGB()` function generates a random color represented as an [`rgb()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values/color_value/rgb) string. ## [Modeling a ball in our program](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice#modeling_a_ball_in_our_program) Our program will feature lots of balls bouncing around the screen. Since these balls will all behave in the same way, it

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice


id: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Object building practice - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:23.409755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice-2.md

summary:
In each case, we include the `size` of the ball in the calculation because the `x`/`y` coordinates are in the center of the ball, but we want the edge of the ball to bounce off the perimeter — we don't want the ball to go halfway off the screen before it starts to bounce back. The last two lines add the `velX` value to the `x` coordinate, and the `velY` value to the `y` coordinate — the ball is in effect moved each time this method is called. This will do for now; let's get on with some animation! ## [Animating the ball](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice#animating_the_ball) Now let's make this fun. We are now going to start adding balls to the canvas, and animating them. First, we need to create somewhere to store all our balls and then populate it. The following will do this job — add it to the bottom of your code now: The `while` loop creates a new instance of our `Ball()` using random values generated with our `random()` and `randomRGB()` functions, then `push()`es it onto the end of our balls array, but only while the number of balls in the array is less than 25. So when we

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice


id: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: Object building practice - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:23.409755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice-3.md

summary:
You also need to call this method in each frame of the animation. Update your `loop()` function to call `ball.collisionDetect()` after `ball.update()`: Save and refresh the demo again, and you'll see your balls change color when they collide! **Note:** If you have trouble getting this example to work, try comparing your JavaScript code against our [finished version](https://github.com/mdn/learning-area/blob/main/javascript/oojs/bouncing-balls/main-finished.js) (also see it [running live](https://mdn.github.io/learning-area/javascript/oojs/bouncing-balls/index-finished.html)). ## [Summary](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice#summary) We hope you had fun writing your own real-world random bouncing balls example, using various object and object-oriented techniques from throughout the module! This should have given you some useful practice in using objects, and good real-world context. That's it for object lessons — all that remains now is for you to test your skills in the module challenge. ## [See also](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice#see_also) * [Canvas tutorial](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Canvas_API/Tutorial) — a beginner's 2D canvas tutorial. * [requestAnimationFrame()](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestAnimationFrame) * [2D collision detection](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Games/Techniques/2D_collision_detection) * [3D collision detection](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Games/Techniques/3D_collision_detection) * [2D breakout game using pure JavaScript](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Games/Tutorials/2D_Breakout_game_pure_JavaScript) — a great beginner's tutorial showing how to build a 2D game. * [2D breakout game using Phaser](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Games/Tutorials/2D_breakout_game_Phaser) — explains the basics of building a 2D game using a JavaScript game library. * [ Previous ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript) * [ Overview: Advanced JavaScript objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects) * [ Next ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Adding_bouncing_balls_features) ## Help


id: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-4
category: reference
title: Object building practice - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:23.409755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-building-practice-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_building_practice-4.md


id: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Object prototypes - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:25.900755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes


id: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Object prototypes - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:25.900755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes-1.md

summary:
What is the prototype for `myObject`? To find out, we can use the function `Object.getPrototypeOf()`: This is an object called `Object.prototype`, and it is the most basic prototype, that all objects have by default. The prototype of `Object.prototype` is `null`, so it's at the end of the prototype chain: ![Prototype chain for myObject](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes/myobject-prototype-chain.svg) The prototype of an object is not always `Object.prototype`. Try this: This code creates a `Date` object, then walks up the prototype chain, logging the prototypes. It shows us that the prototype of `myDate` is a `Date.prototype` object, and the prototype of _that_ is `Object.prototype`. ![Prototype chain for myDate](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes/mydate-prototype-chain.svg) In fact, when you call familiar methods, like `myDate2.getTime()`, you are calling a method that's defined on `Date.prototype`. ## [Shadowing properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes#shadowing_properties) What happens if you define a property in an object, when a property with the same name is defined in the object's prototype? Let's see: This should be predictable, given the description of the prototype chain. When we call `getTime()` the browser first looks in `myDate` for a property with that name, and only checks the prototype if `myDate` does not define it. So when we add `getTime()` to `myDate`, then the version in `myDate` is called.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes


id: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Object prototypes - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:25.900755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes-2.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Apr 11, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/object_prototypes/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/object_prototypes \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FObject_prototypes&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Fobject_prototypes%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FObject_prototypes%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Fobject_prototypes%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F48d220a8cffdfd5f088f8ca89724a9a92e34d8c0%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-04-11T19%3A13%3A37.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes


id: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-3
category: reference
title: Object prototypes - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:25.900755+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: object-prototypes-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Object_prototypes-3.md


id: test-your-skills-advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Advanced JavaScript objects - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:28.260337+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills


id: test-your-skills-advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Advanced JavaScript objects - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:28.260337+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Aug 21, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/test_your_skills/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/test_your_skills \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FTest_your_skills&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Ftest_your_skills%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FTest_your_skills%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Ftest_your_skills%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F46c276b76c9fbf1468070686ecd3abbf64761500%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-08-21T12%3A24%3A09.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills


id: test-your-skills-advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Advanced JavaScript objects - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:28.260337+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-advanced-javascript-objects-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills


id: test-your-skills-object-oriented-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Object-oriented JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:30.511550+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-object-oriented-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript


id: test-your-skills-object-oriented-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Object-oriented JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:30.511550+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-object-oriented-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript-1.md

summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Aug 21, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/test_your_skills/object-oriented_javascript/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/advanced_javascript_objects/test_your_skills/object-oriented_javascript \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FTest_your_skills%2FObject-oriented_JavaScript&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fobject-oriented_javascript%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAdvanced_JavaScript_objects%2FTest_your_skills%2FObject-oriented_JavaScript%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fadvanced_javascript_objects%2Ftest_your_skills%2Fobject-oriented_javascript%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F46c276b76c9fbf1468070686ecd3abbf64761500%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-08-21T12%3A24%3A09.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. [Emphasis and importance](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Emphasis_and_importance) 5. [Lists](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Lists) 6. [Test: HTML text basics](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/HTML_text_basics) 7. [Advanced text features](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Advanced_text_features) 8. [Test: Advanced HTML text](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Advanced_HTML_text) 9. [Challenge: Letter markup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Marking_up_a_letter) 10. [Structuring documents](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_documents) 11. [Creating links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Creating_links) 12. [Test: Links](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Test_your_skills/Links) 13. [Challenge: Bird watching site](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Structuring_a_page_of_content) 14.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript


id: test-your-skills-object-oriented-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-2
category: reference
title: Test your skills: Object-oriented JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:30.511550+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: test-your-skills-object-oriented-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript-2.md

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Advanced_JavaScript_objects/Test_your_skills/Object-oriented_JavaScript


id: asynchronous-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS-0.md
category: reference
title: Asynchronous JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:32.961856+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: asynchronous-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API


id: asynchronous-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
file: data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS-1.md
category: reference
title: Asynchronous JavaScript - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
source_url: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:32.961856+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: asynchronous-javascript-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
summary:
## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Jul 3, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/async_js/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/async_js \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAsync_JS&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fasync_js%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAsync_JS%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fasync_js%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F73a73bc44e12181c778910f3b7d73962e0dd9a29%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-07-03T05%3A54%3A05.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2. [Creating the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Creating_the_content) 3. [Styling the content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Styling_the_content) 4. [Adding interactivity](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Adding_interactivity) 5. [Publishing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/Publishing_your_website) 6. [Web standards](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards) 1. [How the web works](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_the_web_works) 2. [The web standards model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/The_web_standards_model) 3. [How browsers load websites](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Web_standards/How_browsers_load_websites) 7. [Soft skills](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills) 1. [Research and learning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Research_and_learning) 2. [Collaboration and teamwork](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Collaboration_and_teamwork) 3. [Workflows and processes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Workflows_and_processes) 4. [Finding a job](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Soft_skills/Finding_a_job) 8. [Core modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core) 9. [Structuring content with HTML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content) 1. [Basic HTML syntax](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Basic_HTML_syntax) 2. [Web page metadata](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Webpage_metadata) 3. [Headings and paragraphs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Structuring_content/Headings_and_paragraphs) 4. 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id: how-to-implement-a-promise-based-api-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
category: reference
title: How to implement a promise-based API - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:35.228467+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: how-to-implement-a-promise-based-api-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API-0.md

summary:
* [Skip to main content](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API#content) * [Skip to search](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API#search) [ MDN ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/) HTML [HTML: Markup language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) HTML reference * [Elements](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements) * [Global attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes) * [Attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Attributes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference "See all HTML references") HTML guides * [Responsive images](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Responsive_images) * [HTML cheatsheet](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Cheatsheet) * [Date & time formats](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Date_and_time_formats) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides "See all HTML guides") Markup languages * [SVG](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG) * [MathML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML) * [XML](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/XML) CSS [CSS: Styling language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) CSS reference * [Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Properties) * [Selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors) * [At-rules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/At-rules) * [Values](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Values) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference "See all CSS references") CSS guides * [Box model](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Box_model/Introduction) * [Animations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Animations/Using) * [Flexbox](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Flexible_box_layout/Basic_concepts) * [Colors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides/Colors/Applying_color) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Guides "See all CSS guides") Layout cookbook * [Column layouts](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Column_layouts) * [Centering an element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Center_an_element) * [Card component](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook/Card) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/How_to/Layout_cookbook) JavaScriptJS [JavaScript: Scripting language](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript) JS reference * [Standard built-in objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects) * [Expressions & operators](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators) * [Statements & declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements) * [Functions](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference "See all JavaScript references") JS guides * [Control flow & error handing](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Control_flow_and_error_handling) * [Loops and iteration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Loops_and_iteration) * [Working with objects](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_objects) * [Using classes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_classes) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide "See all JavaScript guides") Web APIs [Web APIs: Programming interfaces](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API) Web API reference * [File system API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API) * [Fetch API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API) * [Geolocation API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Geolocation_API) * [HTML DOM API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTML_DOM_API) * [Push API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Push_API) * [Service worker API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Service_Worker_API) * [See all…](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API


id: how-to-implement-a-promise-based-api-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-1
category: reference
title: How to implement a promise-based API - Learn web development | MDN
tags: web, html, css, javascript, documentation
date_saved: 2026-05-05T05:58:35.228467+00:00
instance: kb-cron
parent: how-to-implement-a-promise-based-api-learn-web-development-mdn-20260505-0
file:
data/developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API-1.md

summary:
## [Using the alarm() API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API#using_the_alarm_api) This part should be quite familiar from the last article. We can call `alarm()`, and on the returned promise call `then()` and `catch()` to set handlers for promise fulfillment and rejection. Try setting different values for "Name" and "Delay". Try setting a negative value for "Delay". ## [Using async and await with the alarm() API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API#using_async_and_await_with_the_alarm_api) Since `alarm()` returns a `Promise`, we can do everything with it that we could do with any other promise: promise chaining, `Promise.all()`, and `async` / `await`: ## [See also](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API#see_also) * [`Promise()` constructor](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/Promise) * [Using promises](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Using_promises) * [ Previous ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Promises) * [ Overview: Asynchronous JavaScript](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS) * [ Next ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Introducing_workers) ## Help improve MDN [Learn how to contribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/MDN/Community/Getting_started) This page was last modified on Apr 11, 2025 by [MDN contributors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API/contributors.txt). [View this page on GitHub](https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/async_js/implementing_a_promise-based_api/index.md?plain=1 "Folder: en-us/learn_web_development/extensions/async_js/implementing_a_promise-based_api \(Opens in a new tab\)") • [Report a problem with this content](https://github.com/mdn/content/issues/new?template=page-report.yml&mdn-url=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAsync_JS%2FImplementing_a_promise-based_API&metadata=%3C%21--+Do+not+make+changes+below+this+line+--%3E%0A%3Cdetails%3E%0A%3Csummary%3EPage+report+details%3C%2Fsummary%3E%0A%0A*+Folder%3A+%60en-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fasync_js%2Fimplementing_a_promise-based_api%60%0A*+MDN+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.mozilla.org%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FLearn_web_development%2FExtensions%2FAsync_JS%2FImplementing_a_promise-based_API%0A*+GitHub+URL%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fblob%2Fmain%2Ffiles%2Fen-us%2Flearn_web_development%2Fextensions%2Fasync_js%2Fimplementing_a_promise-based_api%2Findex.md%0A*+Last+commit%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fmdn%2Fcontent%2Fcommit%2F48d220a8cffdfd5f088f8ca89724a9a92e34d8c0%0A*+Document+last+modified%3A+2025-04-11T19%3A13%3A37.000Z%0A%0A%3C%2Fdetails%3E "This will take you to GitHub to file a new issue.") 1. [Learn web development](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development) 2. [MDN curriculum](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/curriculum/) 3. [Getting started modules](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started) 4. [Environment setup](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup) 1. [Installing software](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Installing_software) 2. [Browsing the web](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Browsing_the_web) 3. [Code editors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Code_editors) 4. [Dealing with files](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Dealing_with_files) 5. [Command line](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Environment_setup/Command_line) 5. [Your first website](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website) 1. [What will it look like?](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Getting_started/Your_first_website/What_will_your_website_look_like) 2.

source_url:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Async_JS/Implementing_a_promise-based_API


