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diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BPI-DOST_Science_Awards-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BPI-DOST_Science_Awards-0.md
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+---
+title: "BPI-DOST Science Awards"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BPI-DOST_Science_Awards"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:36.897072+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Organized in 1989 by the BPI Foundation, Inc., the corporate social responsibility arm of the Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI), with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the BPI-DOST Science Awards recognizes exceptional science and engineering students from partner universities nationwide. These students are individuals whose efforts made them excel in specialized fields of science such as mathematics, physics, engineering, chemistry, biology, and computer science. The awardees are recognized for their potential contributions to industry and nation-building and selected based on their academic and research performance and nomination from the school.
+
+
+== Selection process ==
+The preparation for the awards is a very long and tedious process. Every year in June, the BPI Foundation selects three entries from the ten partner universities, and by July, all the invitations, materials, and all preparations are complete. Acceptance of formal nominations closes in October. By February, all the arrangements for the awarding ceremonies are made.
+The foundation gathers the three best entries from the ten partner universities each year. These are Ateneo de Davao University, Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University, Saint Louis University, Silliman University, University of the Philippines (Diliman and Los Banes), University of San Carlos, University of Santo Tomas, and Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan.
+To qualify, the nominee must be a Filipino citizen and a regular student majoring in the following fields: mathematics, physics, chemistry, engineering, computer science, and biology. Additionally, the nominee must have a consistent and outstanding academic, leadership, and research record in their school.
+The schools must submit their nominees to the BPI-DOST Science Committee.
+The BPI handles the business feasibility of the research, while DOST assesses the scientific aspect. From 30 research projects, the evaluators trim down the entries to 12 semifinalists. DOST again narrows them down to six finalists.
+The finalists then undergo an oral evaluation by a joint BPI-DOST panel of experts. Finally, the experts choose the winners of the Best Project of the Year Awards.
+The main criteria for judging projects are adherence to scientific soundness, relevance, impact on knowledge advancement, commercial viability, and the study's originality.
+Winners get a P200,000 research grant, a P50,000 cash incentive, and a trophy. First- and second-prize winners receive P30,000 and P10,000, respectively, and a trophy each.
+All the original 30 outstanding student awardees chosen get P25,000 cash prizes, trophies, and an invitation to work as BPI junior officers.
+
+
+== Awardees ==
+From 1989 to 2004, equal awards were given to the top 3 candidates from each university. Note that awards were first given to candidates from Silliman University and Xavier University in 1990, Ateneo de Davao University in 1994, and Saint Louis University in 1998.
+
+‡ - ?
+From 2004 to the present, the format was changed, in which a single winner and 2 runners-up were selected from the top candidates of various universities
+
+From 2016 to 2017, the format was changed, in which 2 winners were awarded Best in Applied Research and Best in Basic Science Research as selected from the top 30  candidates of various competing universities:
+
+
+== References ==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berthold_Leibinger_Zukunftspreis-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berthold_Leibinger_Zukunftspreis-0.md
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+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berthold_Leibinger_Zukunftspreis-0.md
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+---
+title: "Berthold Leibinger Zukunftspreis"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berthold_Leibinger_Zukunftspreis"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:31.510733+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Berthold Leibinger Zukunftspreis (future prize) is an international award for "excellent research on the application or generation of laser light". Since 2006, it is biennially awarded by the German non-profit foundation Berthold Leibinger Stiftung as part of its Laser Prizes, with an amount of 50,000 euros.
+
+
+== Recipients ==
+As of 2023, two Zukunftspreis laureates have also received the Nobel Prize in Physics: Gérard Mourou in 2018, and Anne L'Huillier in 2023.
+
+Source:
+
+
+== See also ==
+Berthold Leibinger Innovationspreis (affiliated innovation prize)
+Berthold Leibinger (founder of issuing foundation)
+List of physics awards
+
+
+== References ==
+
+
+== External links ==
+Website of the Berthold Leibinger Stiftung
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal_Chair-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal_Chair-0.md
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index 000000000..6084445c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal_Chair-0.md
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+---
+title: "Blaise Pascal Chair"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal_Chair"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:32.953054+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Blaise Pascal Chairs (Chaires Internationales de Recherche Blaise Pascal), established in 1996 by the Government of the Île-de-France Region for internationally acclaimed foreign scientists in all disciplines. A scientific committee annually selects the most outstanding candidates from all over the world. Since their inception a number of famous scientists have been
+Blaise Pascal Chair laureates: Gérard Debreu (UC Berkeley, 1983 Nobel Prize in Economics), Ahmed Zewail (Caltech, 1999 Nobel Prize in Chemistry), Igor Mel'čuk (University of Montreal, the world leading researcher in linguistics), George Smoot (LBL, 2006 Nobel Prize in experimental Astrophysics), Robert Langlands (UBC, 1996 Wolf Prize, one of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century), outstanding theoretical physicists Gabriele Veneziano (CERN/College de France), Alexander Zamolodchikov (Rutgers), and others.
+
+
+== External links ==
+Chaires Internationales de Recherche Blaise Pascal, France
+
+
+== References ==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blavatnik_Awards_for_Young_Scientists-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blavatnik_Awards_for_Young_Scientists-0.md
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+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blavatnik_Awards_for_Young_Scientists-0.md
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+---
+title: "Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blavatnik_Awards_for_Young_Scientists"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:34.281701+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists was established in 2007 through a partnership between the Blavatnik Family Foundation, headed by the Soviet/Ukrainian Odessa-born businessman Len Blavatnik chairman of Access Industries, and the New York Academy of Sciences, headed by president Nicholas Dirks.
+These cash grant awards are given annually to selected faculty and postdoctoral researchers age 42 years and younger who work in the life and physical sciences and engineering at institutions in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. The first Blavatnik Awards were given in New York City on Monday, November 12, 2007. On June 3, 2013, the Blavatnik Family Foundation and the New York Academy of Sciences announced the expansion of the faculty competition to include young scientists from institutions throughout the United States. In April 2017, the Blavatnik Awards program was expanded to the United Kingdom (UK) and Israel. By the end of 2022, the Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists will have awarded prizes totaling US$13.6 million; Blavatnik Award recipients have hailed from 48 countries across six continents.
+
+Blavatnik National Awards are for faculty-rank scientists and engineers in Chemistry, Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Life Sciences.
+Blavatnik Regional Awards are for postdoctoral scientists working in the fields of Chemistry, Physical Sciences and Engineering, and Life Sciences in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.
+Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists in the United Kingdom are for young, faculty-rank scientists and engineers from Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and England.
+Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists in Israel are for young faculty-rank scientists and engineers early in their independent research careers.
+
+
+== U.S. Regional Postdoctoral Competition ==
+The regional program recognizes postdoctoral researchers working at institutions in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. The regional program accepts nominations for scientists working in the life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, and engineering. Nominations are accepted from institutions in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. Submissions for the regional program are reviewed by a Judging Panel of senior scientists, science editors, and past Blavatnik winners from the Mid-Atlantic area. As of 2013, winners of the postdoctoral competition receive US$30,000 and finalists receive US$10,000, each in unrestricted cash prizes.
+
+
+=== Past U.S. Regional Winners and Finalists ===
+
+
+== U.S. National Faculty Competition ==
+Beginning with the 2014 awards cycle, the national faculty competition accepts nominations for scientists working in three disciplinary categories: Life Sciences, Physical Sciences & Engineering, and Chemistry. Nominations are accepted from institutions throughout the United States. Members of the Awards’ Scientific Advisory Council may also submit nominations. Submissions are reviewed by a Judging Panel of senior scientists and past Blavatnik Awards winners. The awards are conferred annually with one winner (“Laureate”) from each disciplinary category selected each year (for a total of three Laureates per year). Each Laureate will receive a US$250,000 unrestricted cash prize and is honored at a ceremony in New York City every fall.
+
+
+=== Past U.S. National Laureates and Finalists ===
+
+
+== Israel Faculty Competition ==
+In 2017 the Blavatnik Awards launched a national competition in Israel modeled on the U.S. Faculty awards. The Blavatnik Awards in Israel are administered by The New York Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Three Laureates from Israel are chosen each awards cycle and receive US$100,000 in unrestricted funds. The first awards were granted during a ceremony held at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem on February 4, 2018.
+
+
+=== Past Israel Laureates ===
+
+
+== United Kingdom (UK) Faculty Competition ==
+In 2017 the Blavatnik Awards launched a national competition across the United Kingdom modeled after the U.S. Faculty awards. A laureate and two finalists in each of three categories (Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Physical Sciences and Engineering) are chosen in the UK every awards cycle. In 2022, prize monies were increased for the UK competition and Laureates are awarded £100,000 and finalists receive £30,000. The first awards were granted during a ceremony held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London on March 7, 2018.
+
+
+=== Past United Kingdom (UK) Laureates and Finalists ===
+
+
+== See also ==
+List of general science and technology awards
+
+
+== References ==
+
+"2021 Blavatnik Awards brochure" (PDF). nyas.org. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borlaug_CAST_Communication_Award-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borlaug_CAST_Communication_Award-0.md
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+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borlaug_CAST_Communication_Award-0.md
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+---
+title: "Borlaug CAST Communication Award"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borlaug_CAST_Communication_Award"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:35.541825+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Borlaug CAST Communication Award, formerly the Charles A. Black Award, is an annual award presented by the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) to a "scientist, engineer, technologist, or other professional working in the agricultural, environmental, or food sectors for contributing to the advancement of science in the public policy arena".
+The Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) is a non-profit whose primary purpose is to publish science-based reviews and reports on topics related to agriculture and food.
+As originally named, the award  acknowledged the contributions of Charles Allen Black, founding president of CAST.
+Its current name honors Nobel Prize winner Norman Borlaug, "The Man Who Fed the World". who was the author of the first of CAST's publications, in 1973.
+
+
+== Recipients ==
+As the Charles A. Black Award: 
+
+1986: Charles Allen Black
+1987: William E. Larson
+1989: Stanley E. Curtis
+1990: Donald E. Davis
+1991: Homer McKay LeBaron
+1992: John T. Pesek
+1993: F. M. Clydesdale
+1994: Frederick John Francis
+1995: Dale E. Bauman
+1996: Luther G. Tweeten
+1997: Neil E. Harl
+1998: Per Pinstrup-Andersen
+1999: Abner W. Womack
+2000: Dennis Keeney
+2001: Judith S. Stern
+2002: C. O. Qualset
+2003: Kong Luen Heong
+2004: Marjorie Hoy
+2005: Norman Borlaug
+2006: Stanley R. Johnson
+2007: David H. Baker
+2008: Pedro A. Sanchez
+2009: Richard Wayne Skaggs
+As the Borlaug CAST Communication Award:
+
+2010: Akinwumi Adesina
+2011: Catherine Bertini
+2012: Carl K. Winter
+2013: Jeffrey N. Simmons
+2014: Alison Van Eenennaam
+2015: C. S. Prakash
+2016: Kevin Folta
+2017:	Jayson Lusk
+2018:	Marty Matlock
+2019:	Frank Mitloehner
+2020:	Alexa J. Lamm
+2021:	Sarah Davidson Evanega
+2022:	Martin Wiedmann
+2023:	Alison R. Bentley
+2024	Jack A. Bobo
+
+
+== Notes ==
+
+
+== External links ==
+Official award page
+
+
+== See also ==
+Public awareness of science
+Science journalism
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year-0.md
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index 000000000..082936eb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year-0.md
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+title: "Breakthrough of the Year"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:38.062541+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Breakthrough of the Year is an annual award for the most significant development in scientific research made by the AAAS journal Science, an academic journal covering all branches of science.
+Originating in 1989 as the Molecule of the Year, and inspired by Time's Person of the Year, it was renamed the Breakthrough of the Year in 1996.
+
+
+== Molecule of the Year ==
+1989 PCR and DNA polymerase
+1990 the manufacture of synthetic diamonds
+1991 buckminsterfullerene
+1992 nitric oxide
+1993 p53
+1994 DNA repair enzyme
+
+
+== Breakthrough of the Year ==
+1996: Understanding HIV
+1997: Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells
+1998: Accelerating universe
+1999: Prospective stem-cell therapies
+2000: Full genome sequencing
+2001: Nanocircuits or Molecular circuit
+2002: RNA interference
+2003: Dark energy
+2004: Spirit rover landed on Mars
+2005: Evolution in action
+2006: Proof of the Poincaré conjecture
+2007: Human genetic variation
+2008: Cellular reprogramming
+2009: Ardipithecus ramidus
+2010: The first quantum machine
+2011: HIV treatment as prevention (HPTN 052)
+2012: Discovery of the Higgs boson
+2013: Cancer immunotherapy
+2014: Rosetta comet mission
+2015: CRISPR genome-editing method
+2016: First observation of gravitational waves
+2017: Neutron star merger (GW170817)
+2018: Single-cell sequencing
+2019: A black hole made visible
+2020: COVID-19 vaccine, developed and tested at record speed
+2021: An AI brings protein structures to all
+2022: James Webb Space Telescope debut
+2023: GLP-1 Drugs
+2024: Lenacapavir
+2025: The unstoppable rise of renewable energy
+
+
+== See also ==
+Physics World – also has a Breakthrough of the Year award
+
+
+== References ==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgman_Award-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgman_Award-0.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fd50b3b91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgman_Award-0.md
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: "Bridgman Award"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgman_Award"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:39.294819+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Bridgman Award is a prize given every two years by the International Association for the Advancement of High Pressure Science and Technology (AIRAPT) for research in the physics, chemistry, or technology of high pressure science. The award is named in honor of Percy Williams Bridgman, Nobel Prize winner and famous pioneer of the physics of high pressure.
+
+
+== Recipients ==
+1977 Harry George Drickamer
+1979 Boris Vodar, France
+1981 E. Ulrich Franck (1920–2004), professor for physical chemistry at the University of Karlsruhe
+1983 Albert Francis Birch (1903–1992), geophysicist and mineralogist, professor at Harvard University
+1985 Nestor Joseph Trappeniers (1922–2004), professor in Amsterdam
+1987 Francis P. Bundy (1910–2008), diamond synthesis under high pressure in 1954 at General Electric
+1989 Ho-kwang Mao, Carnegie Institution, Washington D.C.
+1991 Shigeru Minomura (1923–2000), professor at the Institute for Condensed Matter Research in Tokyo, later in Hokkaido and at Okayama University
+1993 Arthur L. Ruoff, professor at Cornell University
+1995 Bogdan Baranowski (1927–2014), professor of physical chemistry in Warsaw
+1997 William A. Bassett (born 1931), professor of geology at Cornell University
+1999 Vladimir Fortov
+2001 William J. Nellis
+2003 Neil Ashcroft
+2005 Sergei Mikhailovich Stishov, professor and direct of the Institute of High Pressure Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
+2007 Takehiko Yagi, professor at the Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Tokyo
+2009 Russell J. Hemley, director of the Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution, Washington D.C.
+2011 Eji Ito, emeritus professor at Okayama University
+2013 Karl Syassen
+2015 Paul Loubeyre
+2017 Mikhail Eremets
+2019 Gilbert Collins
+2021 Tetsuo Irifune
+2025 Renata Wentzcovitch
+
+
+== References ==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Inspiration_Awards-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Inspiration_Awards-0.md
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+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Inspiration_Awards-0.md
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+---
+title: "British Inspiration Awards"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Inspiration_Awards"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:40.632155+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The British Inspiration Awards (BIAs) are a set of industry awards celebrating achievement in the creative industries of the United Kingdom, organised by David Yarnton, the UK managing director for Nintendo. The inaugural awards took place at a ceremony in London on 23 April 2010. The awards, in the shape of a gold statue of Boudica, were presented in a number of categories including art, design, entertainment, fashion and science. All proceeds of the awards are to be donated to various charities.
+
+
+== History ==
+With the UK in a recession in the late 2000s, and with a steadily declining manufacturing industry and little natural resources, the creative sector was believed to be the basis for future growth, and was as of 2010 was estimated to already contribute £110billion to the economy per annum, contribute two million jobs, and number over businesses classed as creative.
+The BIAs were initiated by David Yarnton, the UK managing director for Nintendo. He was of the opinion that "The UK is the creative capital of the World" and it was "about time that the UK creative sector was recognised for its achievements". He was of the belief that, although a world leader in the creative industries, Britain had a tendency to understate its achievements, and thus sought to correct that. The BIAs were therefore created to recognise those who have already contributed to Great Britain's "economic, social and artistic development through creative endeavor", and highlight the opportunities Britain offered in the creative industries.
+On the eve of the 2010 United Kingdom general election campaign, on 16 March 2010 the BIAs attracted the support of the Prime Minister Gordon Brown, Conservative Party leader David Cameron and Liberal Democrat Party leader Nick Clegg. The inaugural BIAs were to be presented in a daytime ceremony at The Brewery near Barbican Centre in London on 23 April 2010 (St George's Day). The nominees in each category were announced on 14 April 2010.
+Attendees of the ceremony, hosted by Richard Madeley, included nominees David Arnold, Michael Eavis and Gareth Pugh, as well as Phillip Schofield, Ant and Dec, Helen Skelton and Andy Akinwolere.
+
+
+== The Award ==
+The BIA is given "In recognition of an individual, company or groups contribution to the Creative Economy of Great Britain and the Inspiration that they give to others". Individual awards are to be presented in categories for the Film; Television; Music; Fashion; Arts; Design; Innovation, Enterprise and Industry; Science and Technology; and Interactive Entertainment industry sectors, as well as a Special Recognition award.
+The BIAs use the symbol of Boudica as their logo and award. Described by the BIA organisers as a "forward looking woman who inspired others around her", Boudica was a queen of the ancient tribe of the Iceni of present-day Norfolk, who in AD 60 or 61 led them and neighbouring tribes in a revolt against the authority of Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, the Roman Governor of Britain, before ultimately being defeated.
+The award itself is a gold statue of the stylised version of Boudica depicted in the BIA logo. The logo shows this stylistic representation of Boudica moving forward using four shades of colour, symbolising England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland "moving forward together as one."
+
+
+== Judges ==
+The BIA committee headed by Yarnton is made up of:
+Chairman: David Yarnton
+– Russ Lindsay
+– Wendy Malem
+– Tom George
+– Nicola Mendelsohn
+– Philip Snape
+– Allan McLaughlin
+– Adam Clyne
+– Chris Maples
+– Caroline Taylor
+– Elisabeth Murdoch
+– Richard Desmond
+– Sir George Martin
+– Colonel Ben Farrell MBE
+– Lord Michael Grade
+– Lucian Grange CBE
+– Cilla Snowball CBE
+– Ian Livingstone OBE
+– Sir Terence Conran
+– Baroness Susan Greenfield
+
+
+== Beneficiaries ==
+The proceeds of the BIAs were to be donated to charity through the Dallaglio Foundation and GamesAid. Through the Dallaglio Foundation, a charitable foundation set up by the ex-England rugby player Lawrence Dallaglio, the major beneficiary of the BIAs proceeds would be Cancer Research UK, with money also going to Help for Heroes (for the UK Armed Forces), the Rugby Players' Association Benevolent Fund, Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research and DebRA (for Epidermolysis bullosa), while GamesAid, a UK charity, is a distributor of charitable funds from the video games industry to children's charities predominantly operating in the UK.
+
+
+== Nominees and Winners ==
+Winners in bold.
+
+
+=== Film ===
+Richard Curtis CBE, film and television writer and director
+Sir Ian McKellen CH, CBE, stage and screen actor
+Nick Park CBE, animator, creator of Wallace and Gromit
+
+
+=== Television ===
+Elisabeth Murdoch, founder of production company Shine Limited
+Sir David Attenborough OM, CH, CVO, CBE, broadcaster and naturalist
+Melvyn Bragg, broadcaster, host of The South Bank Show
+
+
+=== Music ===
+Sir George Martin CBE, producer of all but one of The Beatles albums
+Gareth Malone, choirmaster and broadcaster, subject of The Choir television series
+Brian Eno, producer, musician, songwriter
+David Arnold, film composer
+
+
+=== Fashion ===
+Alexander McQueen CBE, (posthumous nomination), fashion designer
+Gareth Pugh, fashion designer
+Nick Knight, fashion photographer, founder of SHOWstudio.com
+
+
+=== Arts ===
+Matthew Bourne OBE, ballet dancers and choreographer
+Antony Gormley OBE, sculptor, creator of The Angel of the North
+Zaha Hadid CBE, architect
+Damien Hirst, conceptual artist
+
+
+=== Design ===
+Jonathan Ive CBE, designer for Apple Inc
+Sir Norman Foster OM, architect, founder of Foster and Partners
+Sir Terence Conran, designer, restaurateur, retailer, writer
+
+
+=== Innovation, Enterprise and Industry ===
+Sir Richard Branson, entrepreneur, founder of Virgin Group
+Sir James Dyson, inventor, founder of Dyson
+Sir Tim Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, computer scientist, inventor of the World Wide Web
+
+
+=== Science and Technology ===
+Baroness Susan Greenfield CBE, Professor of Synaptic Pharmacology at Oxford University
+James Lovelock CH, CBE, scientist, environmentalist and futurologist, proposer of the Gaia hypothesis
+Matt McGrath, founder of Aircraft Medical medical device company
+
+
+=== Interactive Entertainment ===
+Ian Livingstone OBE, fantasy writer, co-founder of Games Workshop
+Sam Houser, video game developer, co-founder of Rockstar Games
+Richard and David Darling, video game developers, founders of Codemasters
+
+
+=== Special recognition ===
+Michael Eavis CBE, farmer, founder of Glastonbury Festival
+Sir David Attenborough (see Television)
+Sir Richard Branson (see Innovation)
+Dame Vivienne Westwood DBE, fashion designer
+
+
+== See also ==
+List of fashion awards
+List of computer-related awards
+
+
+== References ==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitions_and_prizes_in_artificial_intelligence-0.md b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitions_and_prizes_in_artificial_intelligence-0.md
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+++ b/data/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitions_and_prizes_in_artificial_intelligence-0.md
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+---
+title: "Competitions and prizes in artificial intelligence"
+chunk: 1/2
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitions_and_prizes_in_artificial_intelligence"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:41.972753+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+There are a number of competitions and prizes to promote research in artificial intelligence.
+
+== General machine intelligence ==
+The David E. Rumelhart Prize is an annual award for making a "significant contemporary contribution to the theoretical foundations of human cognition". The prize is $100,000.
+The Human-Competitive Award is an annual challenge started in 2004 to reward results "competitive with the work of creative and inventive humans". The prize is $10,000. Entries are required to use evolutionary computing.
+The Intel AI Global Impact Festival is an international annual competition held by Intel Corporation  for school, and college students with prizes upwards of $15,000. It is about artificial intelligence technology. There are two age brackets in this competition, 13-18 Age Group, and 18 and Above Age Group.
+The IJCAI Award for Research Excellence is a biannual award given at the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) to researchers in artificial intelligence as a recognition of excellence of their career.
+The 2011 Federal Virtual World Challenge, advertised by The White House and sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory's Simulation and Training Technology Center, held a competition offering a total of US$52,000 in cash prize awards for general artificial intelligence applications, including "adaptive learning systems, intelligent conversational bots, adaptive behavior (objects or processes)" and more.
+The Machine Intelligence Prize is awarded annually by the British Computer Society for progress towards machine intelligence.
+The Kaggle – "the world's largest community of data scientists compete to solve most valuable problems".
+
+== Conversational behaviour ==
+The Loebner prize is an annual competition to determine the best Turing test competitors. The winner is the computer system that, in the judges' opinions, demonstrates the "most human" conversational behaviour, they have an additional prize for a system that in their opinion passes a Turing test. This second prize has not yet been awarded.
+
+== Automatic control ==
+
+=== Pilotless aircraft ===
+
+The International Aerial Robotics Competition is a long-running event begun in 1991 to advance the state of the art in fully autonomous air vehicles. This competition is restricted to university teams (although industry and governmental sponsorship of teams is allowed). Key to this event is the creation of flying robots which must complete complex missions without any human intervention. Successful entries are able to interpret their environment and make real-time decisions based only on a high-level mission directive (e.g., "find a particular target inside a building having certain characteristics which is among a group of buildings 3 kilometers from the aerial robot launch point"). In 2000, a $30,000 prize was awarded during the 3rd Mission (search and rescue), and in 2008, $80,000 in prize money was awarded at the conclusion of the 4th Mission (urban reconnaissance).
+
+=== Driverless cars ===
+
+The DARPA Grand Challenge is a series of competitions to promote driverless car technology, aimed at a congressional mandate stating that by 2015 one-third of the operational ground combat vehicles of the US Armed Forces should be unmanned. While the first race had no winner, the second awarded a $2 million prize for the autonomous navigation of a hundred-mile trail, using GPS, computers and a sophisticated array of sensors. In November 2007, DARPA introduced the DARPA Urban Challenge, a sixty-mile urban area race requiring vehicles to navigate through traffic. In November 2010 the US Armed Forces extended the competition with the $1.6 million prize Multi Autonomous Ground-robotic International Challenge to consider cooperation between multiple vehicles in a simulated-combat situation.
+Roborace will be a global motorsport championship with autonomously driving, electric vehicles. The series will be run as a support series during the Formula E championship for electric vehicles. This will be the first global championship for driverless cars.
+
+== Data-mining and prediction ==
+The Netflix Prize was a competition for the best collaborative filtering algorithm that predicts user ratings for films, based on previous ratings. The competition was held by Netflix, an online DVD-rental service. The prize was $1,000,000.
+The Pittsburgh Brain Activity Interpretation Competition will reward analysis of fMRI data "to predict what individuals perceive and how they act and feel in a novel Virtual Reality world involving searching for and collecting objects, interpreting changing instructions, and avoiding a threatening dog." The prize in 2007 was $22,000.
+The Face Recognition Grand Challenge (May 2004 to March 2006) aimed to promote and advance face recognition technology.
+The American Meteorological Society's artificial intelligence competition involves learning a classifier to characterise precipitation based on meteorological analyses of environmental conditions and polarimetric radar data.
+
+== Cooperation and coordination ==
+
+=== Robot football ===
+
+The RoboCup and Federation of International Robot-soccer Association (FIRA) are annual international robot soccer competitions. The International RoboCup Federation challenge is by 2050 "a team of fully autonomous humanoid robot soccer players shall win the soccer game, comply with the official rule of the FIFA, against the winner of the most recent World Cup."
+
+== Logic, reasoning and knowledge representation ==
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+---
+title: "Competitions and prizes in artificial intelligence"
+chunk: 2/2
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitions_and_prizes_in_artificial_intelligence"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:41.972753+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Herbrand Award is a prize given by Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE) Inc. to honour persons or groups for important contributions to the field of automated deduction. The prize is $1000.
+The CADE ATP System Competition (CASC) is a yearly competition of fully automated theorem provers for classical first order logic associated with the Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE) and International Joint Conference on Automated Reasoning (IJCAR). The competition was part of the Alan Turing Centenary Conference in 2012, with total prizes of 9000 GBP given by Google.
+The SUMO prize is an annual prize for the best open source ontology extension of the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO), a formal theory of terms and logical definitions describing the world. The prize is $3000.
+The Hutter Prize for lossless compression of human knowledge is a cash prize which rewards compression improvements on a specific 100 MB English text file. The prize awards 500 euros for each one percent improvement, up to €50,000. The organizers believe that text compression and AI are equivalent problems and 3 prizes have been given, at around € 2k.
+The Cyc TPTP Challenge is a competition to develop reasoning methods for the Cyc comprehensive ontology and database of everyday common sense knowledge. The prize is 100 euros for "each winner of two related challenges".
+The Eternity II challenge was a constraint satisfaction problem very similar to the Tetravex game. The objective is to lay 256 tiles on a 16x16 grid while satisfying a number of constraints. The problem is known to be NP-complete. The prize was US$2,000,000. The competition ended in December 2010.
+
+== Games ==
+The World Computer Chess Championship has been held since 1970. The International Computer Games Association continues to hold an annual Computer Olympiad which includes this event plus computer competitions for many other games.
+The Ing Prize was a substantial money prize attached to the World Computer Go Congress, starting from 1985 and expiring in 2000. It was a graduated set of handicap challenges against young professional players with increasing prizes as the handicap was lowered. At the time it expired in 2000, the unclaimed prize was 400,000 NT dollars for winning a 9-stone handicap match.
+The AAAI General Game Playing Competition is a competition to develop programs that are effective at general game playing. Given a definition of a game, the program must play it effectively without human intervention. Since the game is not known in advance the competitors cannot especially adapt their programs to a particular scenario. The prize in 2006 and 2007 was $10,000.
+The General Video Game AI Competition (GVGAI) poses the problem of creating artificial intelligence that can play a wide, and in principle unlimited, range of games. Concretely, it tackles the problem of devising an algorithm that is able to play any game it is given, even if the game is not known a priori. Additionally, the contests poses the challenge of creating level and rule generators for any game is given. This area of study can be seen as an approximation of General Artificial Intelligence, with very little room for game dependent heuristics. The competition runs yearly in different tracks: single player planning, two-player planning, single player learning, level and rule generation, and each track prizes ranging from 200 to 500 US dollars for winners and runner-ups.
+The 2007 Ultimate Computer Chess Challenge was a competition organised by World Chess Federation that pitted
+Deep Fritz against Deep Junior. The prize was $100,000.
+The annual Arimaa Challenge offered a $10,000 prize until the year 2020 to develop a program that plays the board game Arimaa and defeats a group of selected human opponents. In 2015, David Wu's bot bot_sharp beat the humans, losing only 2 games out of 9. As a result, the Arimaa Challenge was declared over and David Wu received the prize of $12,000 ($2,000 being offered by third-parties for 2015's championship).
+2K Australia is offering a prize worth A$10,000 to develop a game-playing bot that plays a first-person shooter video game which can convince a panel of judges that it is a human player. The competition started in 2008 and was won in 2012. A new competition is planned for 2014.
+The Google AI Challenge was a bi-annual online contest organized by the University of Waterloo Computer Science Club and sponsored by Google that ran from 2009 to 2011. Each year a game was chosen and contestants submitted specialized automated bots to play against other competing bots.
+Cloudball had its first round in Spring 2012 and finished on June 15. It is an international artificial intelligence programming contest, where users continuously submit the actions their soccer teams will take in each time step, in simple high level C# code.
+The International Olympiad in Artificial Intelligence for high-school students was established in 2024 and consists of two rounds: in the scientific round, participants solve problems in different subfields of AI, and in the practical round, participants use existing AI tools to produce a visual result.
+
+== See also ==
+Artificial intelligence
+Progress in artificial intelligence
+Glossary of artificial intelligence
+
+== References ==
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+---
+title: "Conrad Schlumberger Award"
+chunk: 1/1
+source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Schlumberger_Award"
+category: "reference"
+tags: "science, encyclopedia"
+date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:08:43.068953+00:00"
+instance: "kb-cron"
+---
+
+The Conrad Schlumberger Award is an award given to one of the members of European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers. The award is given each year to one that has made an outstanding contribution over a period of time to the scientific and technical advancement of the geosciences, particularly geophysics. The award is made annually by the EAGE Board.
+
+
+== History ==
+The Conrad Schlumberger Award was created in 1955, as a recognition of Conrad Schlumberger's outstanding contribution to exploration geophysics, by the European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers (then named The European Association of Exploration Geophysicists.)
+
+
+== List of recipients ==
+Source:
+
+2020 André Revil
+2019 Andrey Bakulin
+2018 Johan Robertsson and Phil Christie
+2017 José Carcione
+2016 Stewart Greenhalgh
+2015 Alain Tabbagh
+2014 Valentina Socco
+2013 Kees Wapenaar
+2012 Martin Landrø
+2011 Sergey Fomel
+2010 Lasse Amundsen
+2009 Gerhard Pratt
+2008 Clive McCann
+2007 Colin Macbeth
+2006 Petar Stavrev
+2005 Horst Rüter
+2004 Eric de Bazelaire
+2003 Tariq Alkhalifah
+2002 M. Tygel
+2001 R. Marschall
+From June 2001, award dates refer to the year in which the award was presented and not to the year in which the winning poster/paper was presented.
+1999 Peter Weidelt
+1998 Vlastislav Cerveny
+1997 Jacob T. Fokkema
+1996 Michael Schoenberg
+1995 Patrick Lailly
+1994 P. Newman
+1993 Bjørn Ursin
+1992 L. Dresen
+1991 Oz Yilmaz
+1990 Fabio Rocca
+1989 Albert Tarantola
+1988 Ken Larner
+1987 Les Hatton
+1986 S. Crampin
+1985 S.M. Deregowski
+1984 K. Helbig
+1983 Johann Sattlegger
+1982 Anton Ziolkowski
+1981 W.E. Lerwill
+1980 A.J. "Guus" Berkhout
+1979 Theodore Krey
+1978 No award
+1977 Peter Hubral
+1976 J.G. (Mendel) Hagedoorn
+1975 Milo M. Backus and R.L. Chen
+1974 N. de Voogd
+1973 Roy E. White
+1972 P. Bois
+1971 P.N.S. O'Brien
+1970 H. Naudy
+1969 Sven Treitel and Enders A. Robinson
+1968 Helmut Linsser
+1967 Robert Garotta and Dominique Michon
+1966 Jacques D'Hoeraene
+1965 O. Koefoed
+1964 Nigel Anstey
+1963 G. Grau
+1962 No award
+1961 G. Kunetz
+1960 Reinhard Bortfeld
+1959 L. Alfano
+1958 Umberto Colombo
+1957 O. Kappelmeyer
+1956 No award
+1955 H. Flathe
+
+
+== See also ==
+List of geophysicists
+List of geophysics awards
+Prizes named after people
+
+
+== References ==
+
+
+== External links ==
+The Conrad Schlumberger Award homepage at EAGE
+All awards by EAGE
+EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers) homepage
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