---
title: "List of fossil primates"
chunk: 6/6
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fossil_primates"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T03:28:53.280047+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---

===== Cercopithecoidea =====
Nsungwepithecus Stevens et al., 2013
Nsungwepithecus gunnelli Stevens et al., 2013
Victoriapithecidae von Koenigswald, 1969
Victoriapithecus von Koenigswald, 1969
Victoriapithecus macinnesi von Koenigswald, 1969
Prohylobates Fourtau, 1918
Prohylobates tandyi Fourtau, 1918
Prohylobates simonsi Delson, 1979
Noropithecus Miller et al. 2009
Noropithecus bulukensis Miller et al. 2009
Cercopithecidae Gray, 1821
Colobinae Jernon, 1867
Tribus: Colobini
Microcolobus Benefit & Pickford, 1986
Microcolobus tugenensis Benefit & Pickford, 1986
Rhinocolobus M.G. Leakey, 1982
Rhinocolobus turkanaensis M.G. Leakey, 1982
Colobinae, incertae sedis
Mesopithecus Wagner, 1839
Mesopithecus pentelicus Wagner, 1839
Mesopithecus monspessulanus Gervais, 1849
Mesopithecus sivalensis (Lydekker, 1878)
Myanmarcolobus Takai et al., 2015
Myanmarcolobus yawensis Takai et al., 2015
Rhinopithecus É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812
Subgenus: Rhinopithecus É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812
Rhinopithecus (Rhinopithecus) lantianensis Hu & Qi, 1978
Dolichopithecus Depéret, 1889
Dolichopithecus ruscinensis Depéret, 1889
Libypithecus Stromer, 1913
Libypithecus markgrafi Stromer, 1913
Semnopithecus Desmarest, 1822
Semnopithecus gwebinnensis Takai et al., 2016
Parapresbytis Kalmykov & Maschenko, 1992
Parapresbytis eohanuman (Borissoglebskaya, 1981)
Cercopithecoides Mollett, 1947
Cercopithecoides kimeui M.G. Leakey, 1982
Cercopithecoides williamsi Mollett, 1947
Paracolobus R.E.F. Leakey, 1969
Paracolobus chemeroni R.E.F. Leakey, 1969
Paracolobus mutiwa M.G. Leakey, 1969
Cercopithecinae Gray, 1821
Tribus: Papionini
Subtribus: Macanina
Macaca Lacépède, 1799
Macaca anderssoni Schlosser, 1924
Macaca florentina Cocchi, 1872
Macaca jiangchuanensis Pan et al., 1992
Macaca libyca Stromer, 1920
Macaca majori Schaub & Azzaroli in Comaschi Caria, 1969 (sometimes included in M. sylvanus)
?Macaca palaeindicus (Lydekker, 1884)
Procynocephalus Schlosser, 1924
Procynocephalus subhimalayanus von Meyer, 1848
Procynocephalus wimani Schlosser, 1924
Paradolichopithecus Necrasov et al., 1961
Paradolichopithecus arvernensis (Depéret, 1929)
Subtribus: Papionina
Parapapio Jones, 1937
Parapapio ado Hopwood, 1936
Parapapio broomi Jones, 1937
Parapapio jonesi Broom, 1940
Parapapio whitei Broom, 1940
Parapapio lothagamensis Leakey, Teaford, and Ward, 2003
Procercocebus Gilbert, 2007
Procercocebus antiquus (Haughton, 1925)
Dinopithecus Broom, 1937
Dinopithecus ingens Broom, 1937
Gorgopithecus Broom & Robinson, 1946
Gorgopithecus major Broom, 1940
Theropithecus I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1843
Subgenus: Theropithecus Delson, 1993
Theropithecus (Theropithecus) darti Broom & Jensen, 1946
Theropithecus (Theropithecus) oswaldi Andrews, 1916
Subgenus: Omopithecus Delson, 1993
Theropithecus (Omopithecus) baringensis R.E.F. Leakey, 1969
Theropithecus (Omopithecus) brumpti Arambourg, 1947
Soromandrillus Gilbert, 2013
Soromandrillus quadratirostris (Iwamoto, 1982)
Papio Erxleben, 1777
Papio izodi Gear, 1926
Papio robinsoni Freedman, 1957

===== Hominoidea =====
Hominoidea, incertae sedis
Otavipithecus Conroy et al., 1992
Otavipithecus namibiensis Conroy et al., 1992

Proconsulidae Leakey, 1963
Proconsulinae Leakey, 1963
Ekembo McNulty et al., 2015
Ekembo heseloni (Walker et al., 1993)
Ekembo nyanzae (Le Gros Clark & Leakey, 1950)
Proconsul Hopwood, 1933
Proconsul africanus Hopwood, 1933
Proconsul gitongai (Pickford and Kunimatsu, 2005)
Proconsul major Le Gros Clark & Leakey, 1950
Proconsul meswae Harrison and Andrews, 2009
Nyanzapithecinae Harrison, 2002
Nyanzapithecus Harrison, 1986
Nyanzapithecus alesi Nengo, Tafforeau, Gilbert, Fleagle, Miller, Feibel, Fox, Feinberg, Pugh, Berruyer, Mana, Engle, Spoor, 2017
Nyanzapithecus harrisoni Kunimatsu, 1997
Nyanzapithecus pickfordi Harrison, 1986
Nyanzapithecus vancouveringorum Andrews, 1974
Mabokopithecus von Koenigswald, 1969
Mabokopithecus clarki von Koenigswald, 1969
Oreopithecus Gervais, 1872
Oreopithecus bamboli Gervais, 1872
Rukwapithecus Stevens et al., 2013
Rukwapithecus fleaglei Stevens et al., 2013
Rangwapithecus Andrews, 1974
Rangwapithecus gordoni Andrews, 1974
Turkanapithecus Leakey & Leakey, 1986
Turkanapithecus kalakolensis Leakey & Leakey, 1986

Pliobatidae Alba et al., 2015
Pliobates Alba et al., 2015
Pliobates cataloniae Alba et al., 2015
Afropithecidae Begun, 2002
Griphopithecinae Begun, 2002
Griphopithecus Abel, 1902
Griphopithecus alpani Tekkaya, 1974
Griphopithecus suessi Abel, 1902
Afropithecinae Andrews, 1992
Afropithecus Leakey & Leakey, 1986
Afropithecus turkanensis Leakey & Leakey, 1986
Heliopithecus Andrews & Martin, 1987
Heliopithecus leakeyi Andrews & Martin, 1987
Nacholapithecus Ishida et al., 1999
Nacholapithecus kerioi Ishida et al., 1999
Equatorius Ward et al., 1999
Equatorius africanus  (Le Gros Clark and Leaky, 1950)
Hominidae Gray, 1825
Kenyapithecinae Leakey, 1962
Kenyapithecus Leakey, 1962
Kenyapithecus wickeri Leakey, 1962
Ponginae Elliot, 1913
Sivapithecini
Sivapithecus Pilgrim, 1910
Sivapithecus indicus Pilgrim, 1910
Sivapithecus parvada Kelley, 1988
Sivapithecus sivalensis Lydekker, 1879
Gigantopithecus von Koenigswald, 1935
Gigantopithecus blacki von Koenigswald, 1935
Gigantopithecus giganteus Pilgrim, 1915
Ankarapithecus Ozansoy, 1965
Ankarapithecus meteai Ozansoy, 1965
Lufengpithecini
Lufengpithecus Wu, 1987
Lufengpithecus chiangmuanensis Chaimanee et al., 2003
Lufengpithecus hudiensis Zhang et al., 1987
Lufengpithecus keiyuanensis Woo, 1957
Lufengpithecus lufengensis Xu et al., 1978
Homininae Gray, 1825
Dryopithecini Gregory & Hellman, 1939
Ouranopithecus Bonis & Melentis, 1977
Ouranopithecus macedoniensis Bonis & Melentis, 1977
Rudapithecus Kretzoi, 1969
Rudapithecus hungaricus Kretzoi, 1969
Hispanopithecus Villalta & Crusafont, 1944
Hispanopithecus laietanus Villalta & Crusafont, 1944
Hispanopithecus crusafonti (Begun, 1992)
Pierolapithecus Moyà-Solà, 2004
Pierolapithecus catalaunicus Moyà-Solà, 2004
Anoiapithecus Moyà-Solà et al., 2009
Anoiapithecus brevirostris Moyà-Solà et al., 2009
Dryopithecus Lartet, 1856
Dryopithecus wuduensis Xue & Delson, 1988
Dryopithecus fontani Lartet, 1856
Nakalipithecus Kunimatsu et al. 2007
Nakalipthecus nakayamai Kunimatsu et al. 2007
Neopithecus Abel, 1902
Neopithecus brancoi (Schlosser, 1901)
Gorillini
Samburupithecus Ishida & Pickford, 1997
Samburupithecus kiptalami Ishida & Pickford, 1997
Chororapithecus Suwa et al., 2007
Chororapithecus abyssinicus Suwa et al., 2007
Hominini
Graecopithecus von Koenigswald, 1972
Graecopithecus freybergi von Koenigswald, 1972
Sahelanthropus Brunet et al., 2002
Sahelanthropus tchadensis Brunet et al., 2002
Orrorin Senut et al., 2001
Orrorin tugenensis Senut et al., 2001
Ardipithecus White et al., 1995
Ardipithecus ramidus White et al., 1994
Ardipithecus kadabba
Australopithecus Dart, 1925 - paraphyletic in respect to Paranthropus and Homo
Australopithecus anamensis Leakey et al., 1995
Australopithecus afarensis Johanson et al., 1978
Australopithecus bahrelghazali Brunet et al., 1995
Australopithecus africanus Dart, 1925
Australopithecus garhi Asfaw et al., 1999
Australopithecus sedibaBerger et al., 2010
Paranthropus Broom, 1938
Paranthropus aethiopicus Arambourg & Coppens, 1968
Paranthropus boisei Leakey, 1959
Paranthropus robustus Broom, 1938
Homo Linnaeus, 1758
Homo gautengensis Curnoe, 2010
Homo rudolfensis Alexeev, 1986
Homo habilis Leakey et al., 1964
Homo luzonensis Détroit et al., 2019
Homo erectus Dubois, 1892
Homo floresiensis P. Brown et al., 2004
Homo ergaster Groves & Mazak, 1975
Homo antecessor Bermúdez de Castro et al., 1997
Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908
Homo cepranensis Mallegni et al., 2003
Homo neanderthalensis King, 1864
Homo rhodesiensis Woodward, 1921
Homo naledi Berger et al., 2015
Kenyanthropus Leakey et al., 2001
Kenyanthropus platyops Leakey et al., 2001

== See also ==
Evolution of primates
List of fossil primates of South America
List of fossil sites
List of human evolution fossils
List of prehistoric mammals
Prehistoric Autopsy (2012 BBC documentary)

== Notes ==

== References ==

=== Literature cited ===
Cartmill, M. (2010). "Primate Classification and Diversity". In Platt, M.; Ghazanfar, A (eds.). Primate Neuroethology. Oxford University Press. pp. 10–30. ISBN 978-0-19-532659-8.
Hartwig, W. (2011). "Chapter 3: Primate evolution". In Campbell, C. J.; Fuentes, A.; MacKinnon, K. C.; Bearder, S. K.; Stumpf, R. M (eds.). Primates in Perspective (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 19–31. ISBN 978-0-19-539043-8.
Szalay, F.S.; Delson, E. (1980). Evolutionary History of the Primates. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0126801507. OCLC 893740473.

== Further reading ==
Weiss, M.L.; Mann, A.E (1985). 'Human Biology and Behaviour: An anthropological perspective (4th ed.). Boston: Little Brown. ISBN 978-0-673-39013-4.
Jones, Steve; Martin, Robert D.; Pilbeam, David R, eds. (1994). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human evolution. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-46786-5.
Hartwig, Walter Carl (2002). Hartwig, Walter (ed.). The Primate Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press. p. 544. Bibcode:2002prfr.book.....H. ISBN 978-0-521-08141-2.

== External links ==
Interactive map of fossil finds Archived 2012-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
"National Museums of Kenya: Casts Catalogue". National Museums of Kenya. Retrieved 2010-05-11.{{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) (note: the catalogue loads with pages in reverse order - i.e. last page first)