---
title: "List of polyurethane applications"
chunk: 4/4
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_polyurethane_applications"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T03:29:47.586575+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---

Mining and mineral processing
Aggregate
Transportation
Concrete
Paper processing
Power
Inflatable boat manufacture
Polyurethane is also used in the concrete construction industry to create formliners. Polyurethane formliners serves as a mold for concrete, creating a variety of textures and art.

== Solid-fuel rockets ==
Polyurethane is used together with Ammonium perchlorate as solid fuel in the submarine launched Polaris missiles.

== Body armor ==
Polyurethane urea elastomers have been investigated by researchers from the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for potential material for helmets, face shields, and ballistic vests for soldiers.

== Inorganic plant substrates ==
Sheet and flaked semi-open cell hydrophilic polyurethane foams have found application in roof gardens and vertical green walls with commercial products now emerging on the market. Semi-open cell polyurethane foams substrates have much lower density and far greater water holding capacities than soil substrates. The semi-open cell structure facilitate the required plant root attachment for vertical wall gardens. Reductions in weight reduce building/wall supporting structure requirements, whilst increased water holding capacity reduces plant watering requirements.

== Concrete raising ==

Closed cell polymers have been used to raise and support concrete roadways and bridge approaches since 1989. Originally developed in Europe and patented by Uretek, this method of concrete leveling is now widely used in residential, commercial and municipal applications. Common applications include repairing settled sidewalks, driveways, patios and garage floors. In the US it is sometimes known as slabjacking.

== Concrete substitute ==

Closed cell polyurethane foam can be used as backfill in applications where the high density and compression strength of concrete are not necessary. In addition to being considerably lighter than concrete, the closed cell nature of the material prevents the transfer of moisture to the structure being supported which can reduce the risk or rot or corrosion.

== Seawall Repair ==
Environmental variables, natural wear and tear, and weather conditions, can all cause damage to concrete seawalls. These problems can erode the structure over time, rendering it more susceptible to further harm. Traditionally repair has required an in depth process using concrete, however geofoam is a lightweight and long-lasting substance that has become increasingly popular to repair damaged seawalls.

== References ==