---
title: "Open source"
chunk: 10/11
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T03:49:44.361173+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---

=== Ideologically-related movements ===
The open-access movement is a movement that is similar in ideology to the open source movement. Members of this movement maintain that academic material should be readily available to provide help with "future research, assist in teaching and aid in academic purposes." The open-access movement aims to eliminate subscription fees and licensing restrictions of academic materials. The free-culture movement is a movement that seeks to achieve a culture that engages in collective freedom via freedom of expression, free public access to knowledge and information, full demonstration of creativity and innovation in various arenas, and promotion of citizen liberties. Creative Commons is an organization that "develops, supports, and stewards legal and technical infrastructure that maximizes digital creativity, sharing, and innovation." It encourages the use of protected properties online for research, education, and creative purposes in pursuit of a universal access. Creative Commons provides an infrastructure through a set of copyright licenses and tools that creates a better balance within the realm of "all rights reserved" properties. The Creative Commons license offers a slightly more lenient alternative to "all rights reserved" copyrights for those who do not wish to exclude the use of their material.
The Zeitgeist Movement (TZM) is an international social movement that advocates a transition into a sustainable "resource-based economy" based on collaboration in which monetary incentives are replaced by commons-based ones with everyone having access to everything (from code to products) as in "open source everything". While its activism and events are typically focused on media and education, TZM is a major supporter of open source projects worldwide since they allow for uninhibited advancement of science and technology, independent of constraints posed by institutions of patenting and capitalist investment. P2P Foundation is an "international organization focused on studying, researching, documenting and promoting peer to peer practices in a very broad sense." Its objectives incorporate those of the open source movement, whose principles are integrated in a larger socio-economic model.

=== Open-weight ===
Open-weight refers to the release of an artificial intelligence model's trained parameters, or weights, for public use. Unlike fully open-source models, open-weight releases may not include the underlying source code, training data, or full documentation. The availability of weights allows researchers and developers to run, evaluate, or fine-tune the model, though license terms may restrict redistribution or commercial use. The term is commonly used in reference to large language models such as LLaMA and Mistral, which have released model weights under research or custom licenses.

== See also ==

=== Terms based on open source ===
Open implementation
Open security
Open-source record label
Open standard
Shared Source
Source-available software
Software maintainer

=== Other ===
Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution (book)
Commons-based peer production
Digital rights
Diseconomies of scale
Free content
Gift economy
Glossary of legal terms in technology
Mass collaboration
Network effect
Open Source Initiative
Openness
Proprietary software
Digital public goods

== Notes ==

== References ==

== Further reading ==

Benkler, Yochai (2006). The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom (PDF). Yale University Press.
Berry, David M. (2008). Copy, Rip, Burn: The Politics of Copyleft and Open Source. London: Pluto Press. ISBN 978-0745324142. OCLC 298460562. OL 9409091M.
Dunlap, Isaac Hunter (2006). Open Source Database Driven Web Development: A Guide for Information Professionals. Oxford: Chandos. ISBN 978-1-84334-161-1. OCLC 679959533. OL 8930417M. Archived from the original on 4 February 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
Fogel, Karl (14 August 2020). Producing Open Source Software: How to Run a Successful Free Software Project. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 9781519343987. OCLC 609841129. OL 55306282M.
Goldman, Ron; Gabriel, Richard P. (2005). Innovation Happens Elsewhere: Open Source as Business Strategy. Richard P. Gabriel. ISBN 978-1-55860-889-4.
Kostakis, V.; Bauwens, M. (2014). Network Society and Future Scenarios for a Collaborative Economy. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-41506-6. (wiki)
Nettingsmeier, Jörn. "So What? I Don't Hack!" eContact! 11.3 – Logiciels audio " open source " / Open Source for Audio Application (September 2009). Montréal: CEC.
Ray, Partha Pratim; Rai, Rebika (2013). Open Source Hardware: An Introductory Approach. Lap Lambert Publishing House. ISBN 978-3-659-46591-8.
Schrape, Jan-Felix (2019). "Open-source projects as incubators of innovation. From niche phenomenon to integral part of the industry". Convergence. 25 (3): 409–427. doi:10.1177/1354856517735795. ISSN 1354-8565. S2CID 149165772.
Stallman, Richard M. Free Software Free Society: Selected essays of Richard M. Stallman. Archived from the original on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
Various authors. eContact! 11.3 – Logiciels audio " open source " / Open Source for Audio Application (September 2009). Montréal: CEC.
Various authors. "Open Source Travel Guide [wiki]". eContact! 11.3 – Logiciels audio " open source " / Open Source for Audio Application (September 2009). Montréal: CEC.
Weber, Steve (2004). The Success of Open Source. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01292-9.