---
title: "Outline of natural science"
chunk: 10/12
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_natural_science"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T03:57:12.306970+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---

History of oceanography – history of the branch of Earth science that studies the ocean
History of paleoclimatology – history of the study of changes in climate taken on the scale of the entire history of Earth
History of paleontology – history of the study of prehistoric life
History of petrology – history of the branch of geology that studies the origin, composition, distribution and structure of rocks. History of limnology – history of the study of inland waters
History of seismology – history of the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth or through other planet-like bodies
History of soil science – history of the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the earth including soil formation, classification and mapping; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils; and these properties in relation to the use and management of soils. History of topography – history of the study of surface shape and features of the Earth and other observable astronomical objects including planets, moons, and asteroids. History of volcanology – history of the study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological, geophysical and geochemical phenomena. History of biology – history of the study of living organisms. History of aerobiology – history of the study of airborne organic particles
History of agriculture – history of the study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications
History of anatomy – history of the study of form and function, in plants, animals, and other organisms, or specifically in humans
History of human anatomy – history of the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human. History of astrobiology – history of the study of evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe—also known as exobiology, exopaleontology, and bioastronomy
History of biochemistry – history of the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level
History of bioengineering – history of the study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology
History of biogeography – history of the study of the distribution of species spatially and temporally
History of bioinformatics – history of the use of information technology for the study, collection, and storage of genomic and other biological data
History of biomathematics – history of the quantitative or mathematical study of biological processes, with an emphasis on modeling
History of biomechanics – history of the often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through prosthetics or orthotics
History of biomedical research – history of the study of the human body in health and disease
History of biophysics – history of the study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods traditionally used in the physical sciences
History of biotechnology – history of the new and sometimes controversial branch of biology that studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification and synthetic biology
History of building biology – history of the study of the indoor living environment
History of botany – history of the study of plants
History of cell biology – history of the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell
History of conservation biology – history of the study of the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife
History of chronobiology – history of the field of biology that examines periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms and their adaptation to solar- and lunar-related rhythms. History of cryobiology – history of the study of the effects of lower than normally preferred temperatures on living beings. History of developmental biology – history of the study of the processes through which an organism forms, from zygote to full structure
History of embryology – history of the study of the development of embryo (from fecundation to birth). See also topobiology. History of gerontology – history of the study of aging processes. History of ecology – history of the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment
History of environmental biology – history of the study of the natural world, as a whole or in a particular area, especially as affected by human activity
History of epidemiology – history of the major component of public health research, studying factors affecting the health of populations
History of evolution – history of the any change across successive generations in the heritable characteristics of biological populations. History of evolutionary biology – history of the study of the origin and descent of species over time
History of evolutionary developmental biology – history of the field of biology that compares the developmental processes of different organisms to determine the ancestral relationship between them, and to discover how developmental processes evolved. History of paleobiology – history of the discipline which combines the methods and findings of the natural science biology with the methods and findings of the earth science paleontology. History of paleontology – history of the study of fossils and sometimes geographic evidence of prehistoric life
History of genetics – history of the study of genes and heredity
History of genomics – history of the discipline in genetics concerned with the study of the genomes of organisms. History of proteomics – history of the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions
History of population genetics – history of the study of changes in gene frequencies in
History of histology – history of the study of cells and tissues, a microscopic branch of anatomy
History of integrative biology – history of the study of whole organisms
History of limnology – history of the study of inland waters
History of marine biology – history of the study of ocean ecosystems, plants, animals, and other living beings
History of microbiology – history of the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living things
History of bacteriology – history of the study of bacteria. History of virology – history of the study of viruses and some other virus-like agents
History of molecular biology – history of the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry
History of structural biology – history of the branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macromolecules
History of morphology – history of the In biology, morphology is a branch of bioscience dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.