---
title: "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions"
chunk: 9/9
source: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Structure_of_Scientific_Revolutions"
category: "reference"
tags: "science, encyclopedia"
date_saved: "2026-05-05T04:37:26.249284+00:00"
instance: "kb-cron"
---

== Bibliography ==
Barnes, Barry (1982). T. S. Kuhn and Social Science. New York City: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231054362.
Bilton, Tony; et al. (2002). Introductory Sociology (4th ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 422. ISBN 978-0-333-94571-1.*
Bird, Alexander (2013). "Thomas Kuhn". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved September 23, 2017.
Bird, Alexander; Ladyman, James (2013). Arguing about Science. Routledge. ISBN 9780415492294. Retrieved September 23, 2017.
Blanchard, Olivier J. (2009). "The State of Macro". Annual Review of Economics. 1 (1): 209–228. doi:10.3386/w14259.
Conant, James; Haugeland, John (2002). "Editors' introduction". The Road Since Structure: Philosophical Essays, 1970-1993, with an Autobiographical Interview (2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0226457994.
Daston, Lorraine (2012). "Structure". Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences. 42 (5): 496–499. doi:10.1525/hsns.2012.42.5.496. JSTOR 10.1525/hsns.2012.42.5.496.
Davidson, Donald (1973). "On the Very Idea of a Conceptual Scheme". Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association. 47: 5–20. doi:10.2307/3129898. JSTOR 3129898.
de Gelder, Beatrice (1989). "Granny, The Naked Emperor and the Second Cognitive Revolution". The Cognitive Turn: Sociological and Psychological Perspectives on Science. Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook. Vol. 13. Springer Netherlands. pp. 97–100. ISBN 978-0-7923-0306-0.
Dolby, R. G. A. (1971). "Reviewed Work: Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, London 1965, Volume 4". The British Journal for the History of Science. 5 (4): 400. doi:10.1017/s0007087400011626. JSTOR 4025383. S2CID 246613909.
Feloni, Richard (March 17, 2015). "Why Mark Zuckerberg wants everyone to read this landmark philosophy book from the 1960s". Business Insider. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
Ferretti, F. (2001). Jerry A. Fodor. Rome: Editori Laterza. ISBN 978-88-420-6220-2.
Field, Hartry (August 1973). "Theory Change and the Indeterminacy of Reference". The Journal of Philosophy. 70 (14): 462–481. doi:10.2307/2025110. JSTOR 2025110.
Fleck, Ludwik (1979). Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press.
Fleck, Ludwik (1935). Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache. Einführung in die Lehre vom Denkstil und Denkkollektiv [Genesis and development of a scientific fact. Introduction to the study of thinking style and thinking collective] (in German). Verlagsbuchhandlung, Basel: Schwabe.
Flood, Alison (March 19, 2015). "Mark Zuckerberg book club tackles the philosophy of science". The Guardian. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
Forster, Malcolm. "Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions". philosophy.wisc.edu. Archived from the original on September 24, 2017. Retrieved September 23, 2017.
Fox, Charles (1974). "Whose Works Must Graduate Students Read?". A NEW Political Science: 19.
Fulford, Robert (June 5, 1999). "Robert Fulford's column about the word "paradigm"". Globe and Mail. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
Fuller, Steve (1992). "Being There with Thomas Kuhn: A Parable for Postmodern Times". History and Theory. 31 (3): 241–275. doi:10.2307/2505370. JSTOR 2505370.
Garfield, Eugene (April 20, 1987). "A Different Sort of Great Books List: The 50 Twentieth-Century Works Most Cited in the Arts & Humanities Citation Index, 1976–1983" (PDF). Essays of an Information Scientist (1987 Current Contents). 10 (16): 3–7.
Gattei, Stefano (2008). Thomas Kuhn's 'Linguistic Turn' and the Legacy of Logical Empiricism: Incommensurability, Rationality and the Search for Truth (1 ed.). London: Routledge. p. 292. doi:10.4324/9781315236124. ISBN 9781315236124.
Horgan, John (May 1991). "Profile: Reluctant Revolutionary—Thomas S. Kuhn Unleashed 'Paradigm' on the World". Scientific American. 40.
Hoyningen-Huene, Paul (March 19, 2015). "Kuhn's Development Before and After Structure". In Devlin, W.; Bokulich, A. (eds.). Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions - 50 Years on. Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science. Vol. 311. Springer International Publishing. pp. 185–195. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13383-6_13. ISBN 978-3-319-13382-9.
Kaiser, David (2012). "In retrospect: the structure of scientific revolutions". Nature. 484 (7393): 164–166. Bibcode:2012Natur.484..164K. doi:10.1038/484164a. hdl:1721.1/106157.
King, J. E. (2002). A History of Post Keynesian Economics Since 1936. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. p. 250. ISBN 978-1843766506.
Kordig, Carl R. (December 1973). "Discussion: Observational Invariance". Philosophy of Science. 40 (4): 558–569. doi:10.1086/288565. JSTOR 186288. S2CID 224833690.
Korta, Kepa; Larrazabal, Jesus M., eds. (2004). Truth, Rationality, Cognition, and Music: Proceedings of the Seventh International Colloquium on Cognitive Science. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Kuhn, Thomas (1987), "What Are Scientific Revolutions?", in Kruger, Lorenz; Daston, Lorraine J.; Heidelberger, Michael (eds.), The Probabilistic Revolution, vol. 1: Ideas in History, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, pp. 719–720
Kuhn, Thomas; Baltas, Aristides; Gavroglu, Kostas; Kindi, Vassiliki (October 1995). A Discussion with Thomas S. Kuhn (Interview). Athens.  Event occurs at 1m41s. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. I would now argue very strongly that the Darwinian metaphor at the end of the book is right, and should have been taken more seriously than it was – and nobody took it seriously.
Lakatos, Imre; Musgrave, Alan, eds. (1970). Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, London, 1965. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 292. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139171434. ISBN 9780521096232.
Longino, Helen (April 12, 2002). "The Social Dimensions of Scientific Knowledge". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. The Metaphysics Research Lab, Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
McFedries, Paul (May 7, 2001). The Complete Idiot's Guide to a Smart Vocabulary (1st ed.). Alpha Books. pp. 142–143. ISBN 978-0-02-863997-0.
Mößner, Nicola (June 2011). "Thought styles and paradigms—a comparative study of Ludwik Fleck and Thomas S. Kuhn". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. 42 (2): 362–371. Bibcode:2011SHPSA..42..362M. doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2010.12.002. S2CID 146515142.
National Review (May 3, 1999). "The 100 Best Non-Fiction Books of The Century". National Review. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
Naughton, John (August 18, 2012). "Thomas Kuhn: the man who changed the way the world looked at science". The Guardian. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
Ricci, David (1977). "Reading Thomas Kuhn in the Post-Behavioral Era". The Western Political Quarterly. 30 (1): 7–34. doi:10.1177/106591297703000102. JSTOR 448209. S2CID 144412975.
Ruse, Michael (2005). Honderich, Ted (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-926479-7.
Scheffler, Israel (January 1, 1982). Science and Subjectivity. Indianapolis, Indiana: Hackett Publishing Company. p. 166. ISBN 9780915145300.
Shapere, Dudley (1964). "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions". The Philosophical Review. 73 (3): 383–394. doi:10.2307/2183664. JSTOR 2183664.
Shea, William (April 2001). Copernico (in Italian). Milan: Le Scienze.
Solomon, Robert C. (1995). In the Spirit of Hegel: A Study of G. W. F. Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 359. ISBN 978-0-19-503650-3.
Stephens, Jerome (1973). "The Kuhnian Paradigm and Political Inquiry: An Appraisal". American Journal of Political Science. 17 (3): 467–488. doi:10.2307/2110740. JSTOR 2110740.
Toulmin, Stephen (1972). Human Understanding. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-824361-8.
Urry, John (1973). "Thomas S. Kuhn as Sociologist of Knowledge". The British Journal of Sociology. 24 (4): 463–464. doi:10.2307/589735. JSTOR 589735.
Weinberger, David (April 22, 2012). "Shift Happens". The Chronicle of Higher Education.
Wray, K. Brad (2011). Kuhn's Evolutionary Social Epistemology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139503464.
Ziman, J. M. (1982). "T. S. Kuhn and Social Science. Barry Barnes". Isis (book review). 73 (4). University of Chicago Press: 572. doi:10.1086/353123.

== See also ==
Epistemological rupture
Groupthink
Scientific Revolution

== References ==

== Further reading ==
Wray, K. Brad, ed. (2024). Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions at 60. Cambridge University Press.

== External links ==
Article on Thomas Kuhn by Alexander Bird
Text of chapter 9 and a postscript at Marxists.org
"Thomas Kuhn, 73; Devised Science Paradigm", obituary by Lawrence Van Gelder, New York Times, 19 June 1996 (archived 7 February 2012).